1
|
Chaos Z, Fernández JA, Balseiro-Romero M, Celeiro M, García-Jares C, Méndez A, Pérez-Alonso P, Estébanez B, Kaal J, Nierop KGJ, Aboal JR, Monterroso C. What potential do mosses have as biomonitors of POPs? A comparative study of hexachlorocyclohexane sorption. Sci Total Environ 2024; 934:173021. [PMID: 38740203 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2024] [Revised: 05/03/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Persistent organic pollutants (POPs) pose a significant global threat to human health and the environment, and require continuous monitoring due to their ability to migrate long distances. Active biomonitoring using cloned mosses is an inexpensive but underexplored method to assess POPs, mainly due to the poor understanding of the loading mechanisms of these pollutants in mosses. In this work, Fontinalis antipyretica (aquatic moss) and Sphagnum palustre (terrestrial moss) were evaluated as potential biomonitors of hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs: α-, β-, γ-, δ-HCH), crucial POPs. Moss clones, grown in photobioreactors and subsequently oven-dried, were used. Their lipid composition and distribution were characterized through molecular and histochemical studies. Adsorption experiments were carried out in the aqueous phase using the repeated additions method and in the gas phase using an active air sampling technique based on solid-phase extraction, a pioneering approach in moss research. F. antipyretica exhibited greater lipid content in the walls of most cells and higher adsorption capacity for all HCH isomers in both gaseous and liquid environments. These findings highlight the need for further investigation of POP loading mechanisms in mosses and open the door to explore other species based on their lipid content.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Z Chaos
- CRETUS, Dept. Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
| | - J A Fernández
- CRETUS, Ecology Unit, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Balseiro-Romero
- CRETUS, Dept. Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - M Celeiro
- CRETUS, Dept. Química Analítica, Nutrición e Bromatoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C García-Jares
- CRETUS, Dept. Química Analítica, Nutrición e Bromatoloxía, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Méndez
- CRETUS, Dept. Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - P Pérez-Alonso
- CRETUS, Dept. Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - B Estébanez
- Dept. Biología, Unidad de Botánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - J Kaal
- Pyrolyscience, 15707 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - K G J Nierop
- Geolab, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8, 3584 CB Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - J R Aboal
- CRETUS, Ecology Unit, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - C Monterroso
- CRETUS, Dept. Edafoloxía e Química Agrícola, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
González Arnáiz E, Ariadel Cobo D, Estébanez B, Barajas Galindo D, Pintor de la Maza B, Urioste Fondo A, Dameto Pons C, Cuevas MJ, Ballesteros Pomar MD. Prevalence of sarcopenic obesity according to different diagnostic methods and cut-off points in candidates for bariatric surgery. Clin Nutr 2024; 43:1087-1093. [PMID: 38579371 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2023] [Revised: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Sarcopenic obesity (SO) is defined as a combination of low strength and muscle mass along with excess adiposity. Our study aimed to determine the prevalence of sarcopenic obesity in candidates for bariatric surgery, according to ESPEN/EASO criteria using bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). METHODS Retrospective study of adult patients (18-60 years) candidates for bariatric surgery (BMI ≥40 kg/m2 or ≥35 kg/m2 with associated complications). Adiposity was assessed by the percentage of fat mass by DXA, according to Gallagher's cut-off points. Muscle strength was measured by hand grip according to Sánchez-Torralvo, Dodds, and <-2SD cut-off points of healthy reference population. Muscle mass was determined by DXA (ALM/weight according to Batsis) and by BIA (SMM/weight according to Janssen and according to reference population). In addition, the agreement of the different diagnostic methods of sarcopenic obesity was analyzed. RESULTS A total of 124 subjects were included in the study, with 71.8 % being women. The overall mean age was 42.6 (SD 8.9) years. SO prevalence was found to be 13 %-22 % applying BIA with the SMM/weight equation according to Janssen, 14 %-23 % utilizing BIA with the SMM/weight equation according to the reference population, and 13 %-23 % employing DXA with the ALM/weight equation following Batsis criteria, depending on the specific hand grip strength cut-off points used. In general, we found good or very good concordances with the different diagnostic methods (with kappa values between 0.6 and 0.97). CONCLUSIONS The prevalence of SO according to ESPEN/EASO criteria in candidates for bariatric surgery was 13 %-23 % based on the diagnostic method and cut-off points used.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena González Arnáiz
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Alto de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Diana Ariadel Cobo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Alto de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Brisamar Estébanez
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - David Barajas Galindo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Alto de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Begoña Pintor de la Maza
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Alto de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Ana Urioste Fondo
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Alto de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Carmen Dameto Pons
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Alto de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain
| | - María J Cuevas
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - María D Ballesteros Pomar
- Department of Endocrinology and Nutrition, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de León, Gerencia de Salud de Castilla y León (SACYL), Alto de Nava s/n, 24071 León, Spain; Department of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Estébanez B, Amaro-Gahete FJ, Gil-González C, González-Gallego J, Cuevas MJ, Jiménez-Pavón D. Influence of 12-Week Concurrent Training on Exosome Cargo and Its Relationship with Cardiometabolic Health Parameters in Men with Obesity. Nutrients 2023; 15:3069. [PMID: 37447395 DOI: 10.3390/nu15133069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2023] [Revised: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosome release varies depending on the physiological state of the cell, so they could play a fundamental role in obesity, the biggest pandemic in today's societies. The beneficial effects that physical activity has both on weight and cardiovascular parameters may be mediated by exosomes released in response to exercise. Thus, we aimed (I) to study the influence of a 12-week CT intervention on exosome cargo modifications in men with obesity and (II) to determine whether changes in exosomes after the intervention were related to changes in cardiometabolic health parameters in our cohorts. An experimental, controlled design was performed in twelve (nine with valid data) adult male obese patients (mean values: 41.6 years old, 97.6 kg and 32.4 kg/m2) who were randomly divided into a control group (n = 4) and a training group (n = 5), which completed 36 sessions of CT (concurrent training) for 12 weeks. Before and after the training period, cardiometabolic health parameters were evaluated and blood samples to measure exosomes and proteins were drawn. No changes were observed in the levels of any exosomal markers and proteins; however, associations of changes between CD81 and both fat mass and weight, Flot-1 and VO2max, HSP70 and both CRP and left ventricle diastolic diameter or CD14 and leptin were found (all p ≤ 0.05). Although the current CT was not able to clearly modify the exosome cargo, a certain medium to large clinical effect was manifested considering the nature of this study. Moreover, the associations found between the promoted changes in cardiometabolic parameters and exosome-carried proteins could indicate a relationship to be considered for future treatments in patients with obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brisamar Estébanez
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - Francisco J Amaro-Gahete
- Department of Physical Education and Sports, Faculty of Sports Science, Sport and Health University Research Institute (iMUDS), 18016 Granada, Spain
- CIBER de Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y Nutrición (CIBEROBN), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain
- Instituto de Investigación Biosanitaria, ibs.Granada, 18012 Granada, Spain
| | - Cristina Gil-González
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), 11519 Cádiz, Spain
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24071 León, Spain
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- MOVE-IT Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, 11519 Cádiz, Spain
- Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA), 11519 Cádiz, Spain
- CIBER of Frailty and Healthy Aging (CIBERFES), 28029 Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Estébanez B, Huang CJ, Rivera-Viloria M, González-Gallego J, Cuevas MJ. Exercise Outcomes in Childhood Obesity-Related Inflammation and Oxidative Status. Front Nutr 2022; 9:886291. [PMID: 35859754 PMCID: PMC9289530 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.886291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 06/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity is identified as one of the major public health issues to increase the risk for cardiometabolic diseases and related complications in adulthood. The literature has supported inflammation and oxidative stress as the primary underlying mechanisms involved in the pathogenesis of obesity-related diseases. Epidemiological evidence consistently shows the benefits of physical activity in the improvement of obesity-mediated inflammation and oxidative stress status. In this narrative mini-review, the available scientific evidence on the potential effects of exercise in alleviating these susceptibilities in childhood obesity will be assessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brisamar Estébanez
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
- *Correspondence: Brisamar Estébanez,
| | - Chun-Jung Huang
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, United States
| | | | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - María J. Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Estébanez B, Visavadiya NP, de Paz JA, Whitehurst M, Gonzalez-Gallego J, Huang CJ, Cuevas MJ. Resistance Training Diminishes Exosome CD63 Expression In The Elderly, Regardless Of MiR-146a And CfDNA Responses. Med Sci Sports Exerc 2021. [DOI: 10.1249/01.mss.0000763484.85913.7b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
|
6
|
Estébanez B, Visavadiya NP, de Paz JA, Whitehurst M, Cuevas MJ, González-Gallego J, Huang CJ. Resistance Training Diminishes the Expression of Exosome CD63 Protein without Modification of Plasma miR-146a-5p and cfDNA in the Elderly. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020665. [PMID: 33669497 PMCID: PMC7922765 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Aging-associated inflammation is characterized by senescent cell-mediated secretion of high levels of inflammatory mediators, such as microRNA (miR)-146a. Moreover, a rise of circulating cell-free DNA (cfDNA) is also related to systemic inflammation and frailty in the elderly. Exosome-mediated cell-to-cell communication is fundamental in cellular senescence and aging. The plasma changes in exercise-promoted miR-146a-5p, cfDNA, and exosome release could be the key to facilitate intercellular communication and systemic adaptations to exercise in aging. Thirty-eight elderly subjects (28 trained and 10 controls) volunteered in an 8-week resistance training protocol. The levels of plasma miR-146a-5p, cfDNA, and exosome markers (CD9, CD14, CD63, CD81, Flotillin [Flot]-1, and VDAC1) were measured prior to and following training. Results showed no changes in plasma miR-146a-5p and cfDNA levels with training. The levels of exosome markers (Flot-1, CD9, and CD81) as well as exosome-carried proteins (CD14 and VDAC1) remained unchanged, whereas an attenuated CD63 response was found in the trained group compared to the controls. These findings might partially support the anti-inflammatory effect of resistance training in the elderly as evidenced by the diminishment of exosome CD63 protein expression, without modification of plasma miR-146a-5p and cfDNA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brisamar Estébanez
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24007 León, Spain; (J.A.d.P.); (M.J.C.); (J.G.-G.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.); (C.-J.H.); Tel.: +34-987-29-1997 (B.E.); +1-561-297-1271 (C.-J.H.)
| | - Nishant P. Visavadiya
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (N.P.V.); (M.W.)
| | - José A. de Paz
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24007 León, Spain; (J.A.d.P.); (M.J.C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Michael Whitehurst
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (N.P.V.); (M.W.)
| | - María J. Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24007 León, Spain; (J.A.d.P.); (M.J.C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, 24007 León, Spain; (J.A.d.P.); (M.J.C.); (J.G.-G.)
| | - Chun-Jung Huang
- Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL 33431, USA; (N.P.V.); (M.W.)
- Correspondence: (B.E.); (C.-J.H.); Tel.: +34-987-29-1997 (B.E.); +1-561-297-1271 (C.-J.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Estébanez B, Jiménez-Pavón D, Huang CJ, Cuevas MJ, González-Gallego J. Effects of exercise on exosome release and cargo in in vivo and ex vivo models: A systematic review. J Cell Physiol 2020; 236:3336-3353. [PMID: 33037627 DOI: 10.1002/jcp.30094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Exercise-released exosomes have been identified as novel players to mediate cell-to-cell communication in promoting systemic beneficial effects. This review aimed to systematically investigate the effects of exercise on exosome release and cargo, as well as provide an overview of their physiological implications. Among the 436 articles obtained in the database search (WOS, Scopus, and PubMed), 19 articles were included based on eligibility criteria. Results indicate that exercise promotes the release of exosomes without modification of its vesicle size. The literature has primarily shown an exercise-driven increase in exosome markers (Alix, CD63, CD81, and Flot-1), along with other exosome-carried proteins, into circulation. However, exosome isolation, characterization, and phenotyping methodology, as well as timing of sample recovery following exercise can influence the analysis and interpretation of findings. Moreover, a large number of exosome-carried microRNAs (miRNAs), including miR-1, miR-133a, miR-133b, miR-206, and miR-486, in response to exercise are involved in the modulation of proliferation and differentiation of skeletal muscle tissue, although antigen-presenting cells, leukocytes, endothelial cells, and platelets are the main sources of exosome release into the circulation. Collectively, with the physiological implications as evidenced by the ex vivo trials, the release of exercise-promoted exosomes and their cargo could provide the potential therapeutic applications via the role of intercellular communication.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - David Jiménez-Pavón
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, MOVE-IT Research Group, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain.,Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cádiz (INiBICA) Research Unit, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Chun-Jung Huang
- Department of Exercise Science and Health Promotion, Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, Florida, USA
| | - María J Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Quiroga R, Nistal E, Estébanez B, Porras D, Juárez-Fernández M, Martínez-Flórez S, García-Mediavilla MV, de Paz JA, González-Gallego J, Sánchez-Campos S, Cuevas MJ. Exercise training modulates the gut microbiota profile and impairs inflammatory signaling pathways in obese children. Exp Mol Med 2020; 52:1048-1061. [PMID: 32624568 PMCID: PMC8080668 DOI: 10.1038/s12276-020-0459-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2020] [Revised: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Childhood obesity has reached epidemic levels and is a serious health concern associated with metabolic syndrome, nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, and gut microbiota alterations. Physical exercise is known to counteract obesity progression and modulate the gut microbiota composition. This study aims to determine the effect of a 12-week strength and endurance combined training program on gut microbiota and inflammation in obese pediatric patients. Thirty-nine obese children were assigned randomly to the control or training group. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, muscular strength, and inflammatory signaling pathways in mononuclear cells were evaluated. Bacterial composition and functionality were determined by massive sequencing and metabolomic analysis. Exercise reduced plasma glucose levels and increased dynamic strength in the upper and lower extremities compared with the obese control group. Metagenomic analysis revealed a bacterial composition associated with obesity, showing changes at the phylum, class, and genus levels. Exercise counteracted this profile, significantly reducing the Proteobacteria phylum and Gammaproteobacteria class. Moreover, physical activity tended to increase some genera, such as Blautia, Dialister, and Roseburia, leading to a microbiota profile similar to that of healthy children. Metabolomic analysis revealed changes in short-chain fatty acids, branched-chain amino acids, and several sugars in response to exercise, in correlation with a specific microbiota profile. Finally, the training protocol significantly inhibited the activation of the obesity-associated NLRP3 signaling pathway. Our data suggest the existence of an obesity-related deleterious microbiota profile that is positively modified by physical activity intervention. Exercise training could be considered an efficient nonpharmacological therapy, reducing inflammatory signaling pathways induced by obesity in children via microbiota modulation. Physical fitness regimens could stimulate shifts in gut microbiome composition and metabolism that counteract health risks associated with childhood obesity. This condition can increase the risk of metabolic and cardiovascular disease later in life. Several studies have indicated that disturbances in the microbial populations in the digestive tract may contribute to these diseases. Researchers led by Sonia Sánchez-Campos of the Institute of Biomedicine, León,Spain, recently assessed the impact of exercise and endurance training on microbiome composition in obese children. They determined that these regimens can produce measurable shifts in the gut microbe population, yielding bacterial communities that are more similar to those seen in non-obese children. These shifts were accompanied by alterations in metabolic activity that may help mitigate inflammatory signaling and other processes that fuel obesity-related disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rocío Quiroga
- Complejo Asistencial Universitario (CAULE), León, Spain
| | - Esther Nistal
- Complejo Asistencial Universitario (CAULE), León, Spain.,Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), León, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - María Victoria García-Mediavilla
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| | - Sonia Sánchez-Campos
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), León, Spain. .,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain.
| | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Elvira NJ, Medina NG, Leo M, Cala V, Estébanez B. Copper Content and Resistance Mechanisms in the Terrestrial Moss Ptychostomum capillare: A Case Study in an Abandoned Copper Mine in Central Spain. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol 2020; 79:49-59. [PMID: 32393992 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-020-00739-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 04/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We present a case study on the tissue absorption of copper of a widely distributed moss species, Ptychostomum capillare in the polluted soil of an abandoned copper mine in central Spain. We studied the soil properties in a copper soil pollution gradient and sampled the moss tufts growing on them in four plots with contrasted soil copper levels. We determined the copper content in the soil and in the moss tissues. On these moss samples, we also performed histochemical tests and X-ray dispersive spectrometry coupled with scanning electron microscopy (SEM-EDX), both in untreated shoots and in samples where surface waxes were removed. We checked the behavior of this species using a metallophillous moss, Scopelophila cataractae, for comparative purposes. Copper contents in P. capillare seem to depend more on available, rather than total soil copper contents. Our results indicate that this moss is able to concentrate 12-fold the available soil copper in soil with low available copper content, whereas in the most polluted soil the concentration of Cu in the moss was only half those levels. Both histochemical and SEM-EDX tests show no surface copper in the mosses from the least polluted plot, whereas in samples from the soil with highest copper content, the removal of surface waxes also reduces or removes copper from the moss shoots. Our observations point at a mixed strategy in P. capillare in this copper mine, with metal accumulation behavior in the lowest Cu plot, and an exclusion mechanism involving wax-like substances acting as a barrier in the most polluted plots. These distortions impede the estimation of environmental levels and thus compromise the value of this moss in biomonitoring. We highlight the need of extending these studies to other moss species, especially those used in biomonitoring programs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N J Elvira
- Terrestrial Ecology at Ecological and Forestry Applications Research Centre (CREAF- UAB), Barcelona, Spain.
| | - N G Medina
- CIBC-UAM, Dpto. Biología, Fac. Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Leo
- Department of Biogeography and Global Change, Museo Nacional de Ciencias Naturales (MNCN-CSIC), Dpto. Biología, Fac. Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - V Cala
- Dpto. Geología y Geoquímica, Fac. Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Estébanez
- Dpto. Biología, Fac. Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Estébanez B, Moreira OC, Almar M, de Paz JA, Gonzalez-Gallego J, Cuevas MJ. Effects of a resistance-training programme on endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response and mitochondrial functions in PBMCs from elderly subjects. Eur J Sport Sci 2019; 19:931-940. [PMID: 30614406 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2018.1561950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Aging has been related with a decline in the ability to handle protein folding, which leads to endoplasmic reticulum stress and alterations in unfolded protein response (UPR). Importantly, physical activity could activate the UPR and attenuate or prevent age-induced endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction. The current study evaluated the effects of a resistance exercise on UPR and mitochondrial functions in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from elderly subjects. Thirty healthy women and men (age, 72.8, sx- = 2.2 years) were randomized to a training group, which performed an 8-week resistance training programme, or a control group, which followed their daily routines. The phosphorylation of PERK and IRE1, as well as ATF4, and XBP1 protein expression, significantly increased following the training, while expression of BiP, AFT6 and CHOP remain without changes. Additionally, the intervention also induced an increase in PGC-1α and Mfn1 protein levels, while no changes were found in Drp1 expression. Finally, the resistance protocol was not able to activate PINK1/Parkin and Bnip3/Nix pathways. The results obtained seem to indicate that 8-week resistance exercise activates the UPR, stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, maintains mitochondrial dynamics and prevents mitophagy activation by unfolded proteins in PBMCs from elderly subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Brisamar Estébanez
- a Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) , University of León , León , Spain
| | - Osvaldo C Moreira
- a Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) , University of León , León , Spain.,b Institute of Biological Sciences and Health , Federal University of Viçosa - Campus Florestal , Florestal , Brazil
| | - Mar Almar
- a Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) , University of León , León , Spain
| | - José A de Paz
- a Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) , University of León , León , Spain
| | | | - María J Cuevas
- a Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED) , University of León , León , Spain
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Estébanez B, de Paz JA, Cuevas MJ, González-Gallego J. Endoplasmic Reticulum Unfolded Protein Response, Aging and Exercise: An Update. Front Physiol 2018; 9:1744. [PMID: 30568599 PMCID: PMC6290262 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2018.01744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic and multifunctional organelle responsible for protein biosynthesis, folding, assembly and modifications. Loss of protein folding regulation, which leads to unfolded or misfolded proteins accumulation inside the ER lumen, drives ER stress (ERS) and unfolded protein response (UPR) activation. During aging, there is a decline in the ability of the cell to handle protein folding, accumulation and aggregation, and the function of UPR is compromised. There is a progressive failure of the chaperoning systems and a decline in many of its components, so that the UPR activation cannot rescue the ERS. Physical activity has been proposed as a powerful tool against aged-related diseases, which are linked to ERS. Interventional studies have demonstrated that regular exercise is able to decrease oxidative stress and inflammation and reverse mitochondrial and ER dysfunctions. Exercise-induced metabolic stress could activate the UPR since muscle contraction is directly involved in its activation, mediating exercise-induced adaptation responses. In fact, regular moderate-intensity exercise-induced ERS acts as a protective mechanism against current and future stressors. However, biological responses vary according to exercise intensity and therefore induce different degrees of ERS and UPR activation. This article reviews the effects of aging and exercise on ERS and UPR, also analyzing possible changes induced by different types of exercise in elderly subjects.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - José A de Paz
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - María J Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - Javier González-Gallego
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Hepáticas y Digestivas (CIBERehd), Madrid, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Mejías-Peña Y, Estébanez B, Rodriguez-Miguelez P, Fernandez-Gonzalo R, Almar M, de Paz JA, González-Gallego J, Cuevas MJ. Impact of resistance training on the autophagy-inflammation-apoptosis crosstalk in elderly subjects. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 9:408-418. [PMID: 28160545 PMCID: PMC5361672 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 01/25/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aging is associated with a decline in autophagy and a state of low-grade inflammation which further affects apoptosis and autophagy. Importantly, these alterations could reverse with regular physical activity. This study assessed the effects of a resistance exercise training program on autophagy, NLRP3 inflammasome, and apoptosis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from old subjects. Twenty-six healthy women and men (age, 69.6±1.5 yr) were randomized to a training (TG) or a control (CG) group. TG performed an 8-week resistance training program, while CG followed their daily routines. Protein expression of beclin-1, Atg12, Atg16 and LAMP-2 increased following the training program, while expression of p62/SQSTM1 and phosphorylation of ULK-1 at Ser757 were significantly lower. Resistance exercise also induced a decrease in NLRP3 expression and in the caspase-1/procaspase-1 ratio. Expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-xL, as well as the Bad/BcL-2 ratio were reduced, and there was a significant decrease in the protein content of caspase-3. The results obtained seem to indicate that 8-week resistance training stimulates autophagy, prevents NLRP3 inflammasome activation, and reduces apoptosis in PBMCs from elderly subjects. These data could have a significant impact in prevention and rehabilitation programs currently employed in elderly population.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula Rodriguez-Miguelez
- Division of Clinical Translational Science, Georgia Prevention Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA
| | - Rodrigo Fernandez-Gonzalo
- Radiobiology Unit, Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Institute for Environment, Health and Safety, Belgian Nuclear Research Centre (SCK•CEN), Mol, Belgium
| | - Mar Almar
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | - José A de Paz
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| | | | - María J Cuevas
- Institute of Biomedicine (IBIOMED), University of León, León, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Martínez González O, Ballesteros D, Martín Parra C, Chana M, López Matamala B, Alonso Fernández MA, Estébanez B, Luján J, Blancas R. Are peripherally inserted central catheters in critical ill patients justified? Intensive Care Med Exp 2015. [PMCID: PMC4796173 DOI: 10.1186/2197-425x-3-s1-a72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
|
14
|
Ballesteros D, Martínez Ó, Blancas Gómez-Casero R, Martín Parra C, López Matamala B, Estébanez B, Chana M. Continuous tissue glucose monitoring correlates with measurement of intermittent capillary glucose in patients with distributive shock. Med Intensiva 2014; 39:405-11. [PMID: 25499901 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2014.09.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2014] [Revised: 08/23/2014] [Accepted: 09/22/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent glycemic measurements in patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) can result in episodes of severe hypoglycemia or in a poor control of glycemia range. We designed a study to assess accuracy and reliability of continuous monitoring of tissue glucose for patients with distributive shock. METHODS Consecutive patients admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of distributive shock and the need of insulin infusion for glycemic control were included in the study. These patients were implanted a Continuous Glucose Control Monitoring System (CGMS) with the sensor inserted subcutaneously into the abdominal wall. CGMS values were recorded every 5min. Capillary glucose (CG) was monitored for adjusting insulin perfusion according to the ICU protocol. Correlation between both methods was assessed. RESULTS A total of 11,673 CGMS and 348 CG values were recorded. In five patients, CGMS failed to detect tissue glucose. A glucose value <3.33mmol/l (<60mg/dl) was observed in 3.6% of CGMS and in 0.29% CG values. 295 pairs of measurements were included in the statistical analysis for correlation assessment. The intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.706. The Pearson correlation coefficient was 0.71 (p<0.0001, 95% CI 0.65-0.76). The mean of differences between both measurement methods was 0.22mmol/l (3.98mg/dl) (95% CI 0.66-7.31). CONCLUSIONS When the Continuous Glucose Control Monitoring System (CGMS) is able to obtain data (75% of the patients), there is correlation between the values obtained by this method and capillary blood glucose in patients with distributive shock. CGMS can detect more episodes of glycemic excursions outside the normal range than intermittent capillary glucose monitoring. Variables that may impair glucose metabolism and peripheral soft tissues perfusion could impair CGMS measurements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Ballesteros
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, Spain.
| | - Ó Martínez
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, Spain
| | | | - C Martín Parra
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, Spain
| | - B López Matamala
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, Spain
| | - B Estébanez
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, Spain
| | - M Chana
- Department of Intensive Care, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Martínez Ó, Ballesteros D, Estébanez B, Chana M, López B, Martín C, Algaba Á, Vigil L, Blancas R. [Characteristics of deep sedation in gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures performed by intensivists]. Med Intensiva 2014; 38:533-40. [PMID: 25438874 DOI: 10.1016/j.medin.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 02/06/2014] [Accepted: 04/19/2014] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine tolerance, pain intensity, percentage of tests completed successfully and complications of deep sedation controlled by intensivists during gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures. DESIGN A one-year, prospective observational study was carried out. SETTING Department of Intensive Care intervention in the Endoscopy Unit of Hospital Universitario del Tajo (Spain). PATIENTS Subjects over 15 years of age subjected to endoscopic procedures under deep sedation. RESULTS A total of 868 patients were sedated during the study period, with the conduction of 1010 endoscopic procedures. The degree of tolerance was considered adequate («Very good»/«Good») in 96.9% of the patients (95%CI: 95.7-98.1%), with a median score of 0 on the pain visual analog scale. A total of 988 endoscopic procedures were successfully completed (97.8%; 95%CI: 96.9-98.8%): 675 colonoscopies (97.1%) and 305 endoscopies (99.7%). Complications were recorded in 106 patients (12.2%; 95%CI: 10.0-14.5%). The most frequent being desaturation (6.1%), rhythm disturbances (5.1%) and hypotension (2.4%). CONCLUSION Gastrointestinal endoscopic procedures under sedation controlled by intensivists are well tolerated and satisfactory for the patient, and are successfully completed in a very large percentage of cases. The procedures are associated with frequent minor complications that are resolved successfully.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ó Martínez
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, España.
| | - D Ballesteros
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, España
| | - B Estébanez
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, España
| | - M Chana
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, España
| | - B López
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, España
| | - C Martín
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, España
| | - Á Algaba
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, España
| | - L Vigil
- Servicio de Medicina Intensiva, Hospital Universitario del Tajo, Aranjuez, España
| | - R Blancas
- Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos, Hospital de Torrejón, Torrejón de Ardoz, España
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Blancas R, Martínez-González Ó, Vigil D, López-Matamala B, Algaba Á, Martín-Parra C, Ballesteros D, Estébanez B, Chana M, Serrano-Castañeda J, Martín-Delgado C. Influence of age and intensity of treatment on intra-ICU mortality of patients older than 65 years admitted to the intensive care unit. Eur Geriatr Med 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eurger.2012.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
|