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Tournade C, Dusick A, Mans C. Clinical diagnosis and outcome of cervicofacial cellulitis in pyrexic rabbits: six cases (2014-2021). J Small Anim Pract 2024; 65:66-74. [PMID: 37759337 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2023] [Revised: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the signalment, history, exam findings, diagnostics, treatment and outcome of rabbits diagnosed with pyrexia and concurrent cervicofacial cellulitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective evaluation of medical records of rabbits diagnosed with cervicofacial cellulitis and pyrexia based on physical exam, contrast-enhanced CT, clinicopathology and microbiology findings. RESULTS Six out of 1588 rabbits met the study inclusion criteria. Rabbits presented with a median age of 6 years (range, 8 months to 8 years) with a presenting complaint of anorexia or hyporexia. All rabbits had a rectal temperature >40.2°C (104.4°F). Physical exam and contrast-enhanced CT revealed unilateral submandibular and ipsilateral cervical diffuse soft tissue swelling in five of six rabbits. No antemortem evidence of periodontal or dental disease was found on physical exam or CT. Leucopenia was present in five of six rabbits. A left shift with marked toxic changes was present in all four rabbits, for which blood smears were reviewed. Bacterial cultures of the aspirated subcutaneous soft tissue swelling cultured Escherichia coli, Pasteurella multocida, Granulicatella adiacens, Streptococcus species, Haemophilus species and Bacteroides species. Treatment was pursued in five rabbits, where all rabbits received supportive care and four of five rabbits received systemic antibiotics. One rabbit was euthanased following a diagnosis of cervicofacial cellulitis. Three out of five rabbits continued to decline clinically despite medical management, and thus, euthanasia was pursued within 24 hours of starting treatment. Two rabbits responded to initial treatment and developed subsequent multi-focal abscessation. One rabbit was euthanased due to client cost constraints, and one rabbit died shortly after achieving clinical resolution of cervicofacial cellulitis. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Cervicofacial cellulitis should be considered a differential diagnosis in pyrexic rabbits with facial or cervical swelling with medical and surgical management pursued for therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Tournade
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - A Dusick
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - C Mans
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Mans C, Fink D. Effects of commercial metronidazole and metronidazole benzoate suspensions on food intake in chinchillas. J Small Anim Pract 2020; 62:174-177. [PMID: 33260253 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 11/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate if commercially available metronidazole and metronidazole benzoate suspensions cause a reduction in food intake in healthy chinchillas and if the reduction in food intake is dose-dependent. MATERIALS AND METHODS Twelve chinchillas were used in a randomised, controlled, blinded, complete-crossover study. All treatments were administered orally every 12 hours for 3 days. Metronidazole (125 mg/mL) was administered at 20 mg/kg and metronidazole benzoate (25 mg/mL) was administered at 20 and 10 mg/kg. Food intake was recorded daily. The washout period between treatments was at least 14 days. RESULTS At 20 mg/kg PO q12h administration of both commercial suspensions resulted in a significant reduction of food intake. The greatest mean reduction in food intake occurred after 2 to 3 days of drug administration (metronidazole: -54 ± 25%; metronidazole benzoate: -44 ± 36%). After administration of metronidazole benzoate at 10 mg/kg PO q12h, the reduction in food intake was significantly less pronounced (-24 ± 36%), suggesting that negative effect of metronidazole on food intake in chinchillas is dose-dependent. Variation in metronidazole-induced food intake reduction differed widely between individual chinchillas. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE The oral administration of commercial metronidazole and metronidazole benzoate suspensions results in a dose-dependent clinically relevant reduction in food intake in chinchillas. Metronidazole should be used cautiously in this species and food intake should be monitored during treatment. Future studies are needed in order to determine if metronidazole at 10 mg/kg q12h is an effective therapeutic dosage in chinchillas.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mans
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
| | - D Fink
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, 53706, USA
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Yaw TJ, Mans C, Johnson SM, Doss GA, Sladky KK. Effect of injection site on alfaxalone-induced sedation in ball pythons (Python regius
). J Small Anim Pract 2018; 59:747-751. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2018] [Revised: 06/04/2018] [Accepted: 06/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- T. J. Yaw
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015 Linden Drive, Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - C. Mans
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015 Linden Drive, Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - S. M. Johnson
- Department of Comparative Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015 Linden Drive, Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - G. A. Doss
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015 Linden Drive, Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - K. K. Sladky
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015 Linden Drive, Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
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Doss GA, Mans C, Hoey S, Di Girolamo N, Stepien RL, Waller KR. Vertebral heart size in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera) using radiography and CT. J Small Anim Pract 2017; 58:714-719. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2017] [Revised: 05/24/2017] [Accepted: 06/16/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. A. Doss
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - C. Mans
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - S. Hoey
- School of Veterinary Medicine; University College Dublin; Belfield Dublin 4 Ireland
| | | | - R. L. Stepien
- Department of Medical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
| | - K. R. Waller
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison Wisconsin 53706 USA
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Ozawa S, Mans C, Szabo Z, Di Girolamo N. Epidemiology of bacterial conjunctivitis in chinchillas (Chinchilla lanigera): 49 cases (2005 to 2015). J Small Anim Pract 2017; 58:238-245. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12644] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2016] [Revised: 10/17/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S. Ozawa
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - C. Mans
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - Z. Szabo
- Tai Wai Small Animal and Exotic Hospital, Tai Wai; New Territories Hong Kong China
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Martel-Arquette A, Mans C. Urolithiasis in chinchillas: 15 cases (2007 to 2011). J Small Anim Pract 2016; 57:260-4. [DOI: 10.1111/jsap.12479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2015] [Revised: 01/24/2016] [Accepted: 02/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A. Martel-Arquette
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
| | - C. Mans
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine; University of Wisconsin-Madison; 2015 Linden Drive Madison WI 53706 USA
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Doss GA, Miller JL, Steinberg H, Mans C. Angiofibroma in a cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus). J Comp Pathol 2015; 152:274-7. [PMID: 25728811 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2014] [Revised: 12/19/2014] [Accepted: 12/30/2014] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Human angiofibromas are rare and arise typically in the nasopharynx. In veterinary medicine they have only been described in the dog. Microscopically, angiofibromas consist of irregular groups of blood vessels within a stroma of connective tissue, with oedema and secondary inflammation often present. A cockatiel (Nymphicus hollandicus) was presented with an oral mass that consisted of aggregates of blood vessels surrounded by a connective tissue stroma, with the presence of oedema and secondary inflammation. Tumours of the oral cavity are uncommon in birds and to the authors' knowledge this is the first case of avian angiofibroma.
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Affiliation(s)
- G A Doss
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - J L Miller
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, USA
| | - H Steinberg
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, USA
| | - C Mans
- Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Wisconsin-Madison School of Veterinary Medicine, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, USA
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Hausmann JC, Mans C, Dreyfus J, Reavill DR, Lucio-Forster A, Bowman DD. Subspectacular nematodiasis caused by a novel Serpentirhabdias species in ball pythons (Python regius). J Comp Pathol 2015; 152:260-4. [PMID: 25670672 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcpa.2014.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 10/12/2014] [Accepted: 12/13/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Subspectacular nematodiasis was diagnosed in three captive-bred juvenile ball pythons (Python regius) from two unrelated facilities within a 6-month period. The snakes were presented with similar lesions, including swelling of facial, periocular and oral tissues. Bilaterally, the subspectacular spaces were distended and filled with an opaque fluid, which contained nematodes and eggs. Histopathology showed nematodes throughout the periocular tissue, subspectacular space and subcutaneous tissue of the head. The nematodes from both facilities were morphologically indistinguishable and most closely resembled Serpentirhabdias species. Morphological characterization and genetic sequencing indicate this is a previously undescribed rhabdiasid nematode.
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Affiliation(s)
- J C Hausmann
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, USA
| | - C Mans
- Department of Surgical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, USA.
| | - J Dreyfus
- Department of Pathobiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Wisconsin, 2015 Linden Drive, Madison, WI, USA
| | - D R Reavill
- Zoo and Exotic Pathology Service, 2825 KOVR Drive, West Sacramento, CA, USA
| | - A Lucio-Forster
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - D D Bowman
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Cornell University, Tower Road, Ithaca, NY, USA
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Abstract
Three mature, female, red-eared slider turtles (Trachemys scripta elegans) were individually, and separately, diagnosed with different forms of oviductal disease. Case 1 presented with acute cloacal bleeding and was diagnosed with acute oviductal rupture and ectopic eggs in the coelom. Case 2 presented for repeated scratching in the direction of the cloaca and was diagnosed with chronic oviductal impaction and coelomitis. Both cases were treated successfully by endoscopy-assisted complete ovariosalpingectomy via a bilateral prefemoral approach. Case 3 presented with a reduced appetite and signs of nesting behaviour and was diagnosed with obstructive dystocia associated with bacterial salpingitis. Successful treatment consisted of transcloacal egg removal and systemic antibiotics. Complete recovery was achieved in all three turtles, which remained disease-free 23 to 33 months later. Oviductal disease can present with a variety of clinical signs, and an accurate diagnosis can be made based on a thorough history, physical examination and appropriate diagnostic techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Mans
- Tai Wai Small Animal & Exotic Hospital, Tai Wai, New Territories, Hong Kong
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Abstract
The freerunning period of circadian clocks in constant environmental conditions can be history-dependent, and one effect of entrainment of circadian clocks by light cycles is to cause long-lasting changes in the freerunning period that are termed after-effects. We have studied after-effects of entrainment to 22-h (LD 8:14) and 26-h (LD 8:18) light cycles in the cockroach Leucophaea maderae. We find that in cockroaches, the freerunning period of the locomotor activity rhythm, measured in constant darkness (DD), is 0.7h less after entrainment to T22 than after entrainment to T26. Induction of after-effects requires several days (>1 week) entrainment, and after induction, after-effects will persist in DD for over 40 days. Further after-effects are unaltered by phase-resetting of up to 12h caused by exposure to low-temperature pulses (7 degrees C) of 24 or 48h duration. After-effects also persist through re-entrainment for 2 weeks to 24-h light cycles. These results indicate that after-effects arise from stable changes in the circadian system that are likely to be independent of phase relationships among oscillators within the circadian system. We also show that entrainment to temperature cycles does not generate after-effects indicating that light may be unique in its ability to generate lasting changes in pacemaker period.
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Affiliation(s)
- T L. Page
- Department of Biological Sciences, Vanderbilt University, 37235, Nashville, TN, USA
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Mans J, Mans C. [Contribution to the study of Nirvanil (Valnoctamide) in psychiatric patients]. J Med Bord 1966; 143:394-8. [PMID: 5908567] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
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