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Viettri M, Herrera L, Aguilar CM, Morocoima A, Reyes J, Lares M, Lozano-Arias D, García-Alzate R, Chacón T, Feliciangeli MD, Ferrer E. Molecular characterization of Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. coinfection in mammals of Venezuelan coendemic areas. J Vector Borne Dis 2020; 56:252-262. [PMID: 32655075 DOI: 10.4103/0972-9062.289394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES Trypanosoma cruzi and Leishmania spp. are protozoans that cause American trypanosomiasis and leishmaniasis, respectively. In endemic foci where both diseases coincide, coinfection can occur. The objective of this work was the characterization of the parasites involved in coinfection in several endemic areas of Venezuela. METHODS Molecular characterization was done in 30 samples of several species of mammals (Didelphis marsupialis, Equus mulus, Rattus rattus, Canis familiaris, Felis catus, and Sciurus granatensis) from the states of Anzoategui, Cojedes and Capital District diagnosed with T. cruzi and Leishmania spp. coinfections. For the typing of T. cruzi DTUs, the markers of miniexon, 24Sa rDNA, 18Sa rDNA, and hsp60-PCR-RFLP (EcoRV) were used. Infection by Leishmania spp. was characterized by miniexon multiplex PCR for complexes of Leishmania and ITS1-PCR-RFLP (HaeIII, HhaI, and RsaI) for the identification of the species. RESULTS The T. cruzi TcI was present in 100% of the coinfected mammals, which included 76.7% of triple infection by T. cruzi TcI-complex-L. (L) mexicana-L. infantum/chagasi, 13.3% of double infection by T. cruzi TcI-L. mexicana and 10% of double infection by T. cruzi Tcl-L. infantum/chagasi. INTERPRETATION & CONCLUSION These results suggest that the double or triple infection is a phenomenon existing in almost all the coendemics areas and mammals studied, which might influence the mechanisms of adaptation and pathogenicity of these parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Viettri
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED); Departamento de Clinico Integral, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, Venezuela
| | - L Herrera
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - C M Aguilar
- Centro de Investigaciones en Enfermedades Tropicales (CIET-UC), Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, San Carlos, Cojedes, Venezuela
| | - A Morocoima
- Centro de Medicina Tropical de Oriente, Universidad de Oriente (UDO) Núcleo Anzoátegui, Barcelona, estado Anzoátegui, Venezuela
| | - J Reyes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED), Maracay, Venezuela
| | - M Lares
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED), Maracay, Venezuela
| | - D Lozano-Arias
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - R García-Alzate
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - T Chacón
- Instituto de Zoología y Ecología Tropical (IZET), Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela (UCV), Caracas, Venezuela
| | - M D Feliciangeli
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED); Centro Nacional de Referencia de Flebótomos, BIOMED, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo, Maracay, Venezuela
| | - E Ferrer
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas "Dr. Francisco J. Triana Alonso" (BIOMED); Departamento de Parasitología, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Carabobo Sede Aragua, Maracay, estado Aragua, Venezuela
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Tabar AI, Núñez Acevedo B, Beitia Mazuecos JM, Fernández Ibáñez E, Garde Garde J, Hernández Fernández de Rojas D, De Luque Piñana V, Ojeda Fernández P, Reaño Martos M, Rodríguez Fernández F, Roger Reig A, Andrés Martínez J, Moreno Aguilar C, Vidal C. Quality Standards for Allergen Immunotherapy Clinics in Spain: Consensus Document. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2018; 29:272-279. [PMID: 30222115 DOI: 10.18176/jiaci.0318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE Allergen immunotherapy clinics (AITCs) in Spain differ widely in terms of structure, organization, resources, and portfolio of services. Therefore, it is essential to unify treatment criteria and define quality standards for the most complex AITCs. Objective: To establish a series of recommendations that make it possible to guarantee quality and safety in the administration of immunotherapy and define quality standards for the most complex AITCs. METHODS This project began with an online survey of 65 allergy departments/units throughout Spain in 2013. Next, a 2-phase consensus process was carried out. In the first phase, 10 experts defined and agreed on the standards using the RAND/UCLA Appropriateness method; in the second, the agreements were validated by means of a 2-round Delphi consultation with 84 experts. RESULTS Consensus was reached on minimum safety and quality criteria in the administration of allergen immunotherapy, and 2 levels of highly complex AITCs were defined: accredited AITCs and accredited AITCs with excellence. Consensus was also reached on quality standards and accreditation criteria for both levels. CONCLUSIONS This project is pioneering in terms of its purpose (the definition of quality standards for AITCs) and of the use of structured participation techniques (combination of the RAND/UCLA and Delphi methods). It enabled the design of minimum standards for quality and safety in administering AIT, as well as quality criteria for accreditation of AITCs supported by a broad panel of experts from the Spanish Society of Allergology and Clinical Immunology.
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Affiliation(s)
- A I Tabar
- Allergy Department, Complejo Hospitalario de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain
| | - B Núñez Acevedo
- Allergy Department, Hospital Infanta Sofía Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - J Garde Garde
- Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Alicante, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - A Roger Reig
- Allergy Unit, Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol de Badalona, Barcelona, Spain
| | | | - C Moreno Aguilar
- Allergy Clinical Management Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain
| | - C Vidal
- Allergy Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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García Núñez I, Barasona Villarejo MJ, Algaba Mármol MA, Moreno Aguilar C, Guerra Pasadas F. Diagnosis of patients with immediate hypersensitivity to beta-lactams using retest. J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2012; 22:41-47. [PMID: 22448453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND beta-Lactams are the drugs most frequently involved in hypersensitivity reactions mediated by immunoglobulin (Ig) E. OBJECTIVE To evaluate a population of patients with suspected B-lactam allergy using a validated algorithm that includes specific IgE antibodies, skin testing, and/or a drug provocation test. METHODS A total of 1032 patients with symptoms compatible with B-lactam allergy were evaluated by means of their clinical history, specific immunoglobulin (Ig) E antibody determinations (benzylpenicillin, ampicillin, and amoxicillin), and skin tests with major determinants (penicilloyl-polylysine) and minor determinants (minor determinant mixture) of benzylpenicillin, penicillin G, ampicillin, and amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Patients whose skin test results were negative were challenged with amoxicillin-clavulanic acid. Only immediate hypersensitivity reactions were evaluated. All patients with negative study results and for whom a reaction occurred more than 1 year before were retested using the same protocol. RESULTS A total of 170 patients (16.4%) were finally confirmed as having immediate allergic reactions to beta-lactams (62.3% by skin testing, 16.5% by specific IgE, and 21.2% by drug provocation test). The mean age of these patients was 43.3 years, and the drug most frequently involved in the reaction was amoxicillin (41.1%), followed by the combination amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (36.4%). In the remaining 22.5%, different beta-lactams were involved or the culprit drug was not known. Only mild reactions were observed after the drug provocation test. A retest was required in 23% of patients in order to confirm their hypersensitivity. CONCLUSIONS These results indicate that a diagnostic protocol based on the combination of skin testing and in vitro determination of specific IgE antibodies plus, if required, drug provocation testing is an appropriate procedure for evaluating immediate hypersensitivity reactions to beta-lactams. Because the sensitivity of skin testing and in vitro IgE assays is not optimal and a considerable proportion of patients are tolerant, drug provocation tests are necessary to achieve the diagnosis or confirm tolerance. A large percentage of patients (23%) were diagnosed using retest.
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Affiliation(s)
- I García Núñez
- Servicio de Alergología, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
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Pfaar O, Klimek L, Fischer I, Sieber J, Amoroso S, Moreno Aguilar C, Shah K, Mösges R. Safety of two cluster schedules for subcutaneous immunotherapy in allergic rhinitis or asthma patients sensitized to inhalant allergens. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2009; 150:102-8. [PMID: 19339808 DOI: 10.1159/000210436] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2008] [Accepted: 12/16/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) usually requires a long titration phase, which can be associated with various adverse events (AEs). OBJECTIVES It was the aim of this study to determine the safety of 2 cluster regimens for SCIT in patients with allergic rhinitis, with or without mild or moderate allergic asthma, who were sensitized to grass and/or tree pollen, or house dust mites (HDM). PATIENTS AND METHODS Adult patients were included in a European, open-label, prospective trial. Pollen-allergic patients received grass pollen, grass and olive pollen, or hazel, alder and birch pollen according to a 3-week titration cluster. HDM-allergic patients received HDM extract according to a 2-week titration cluster. The safety of the titration phase was assessed in terms of local and systemic AEs. RESULTS The safety analysis included 157 patients: 110 received pollen and 47 HDM extract. During the cluster titration, 248 AE episodes were reported in the pollen group and 113 in the HDM group; these were mainly local reactions. Around one third of patients (30.9% pollen and 38.3% HDM) did not experience any AE. In most cases (67.1% of pollen and 71.1% of HDM patients), AEs did not lead to a change in titration schedule. No anaphylactic reaction or other serious life-threatening systemic AEs were reported. Only 2 patients in the HDM group discontinued treatment because of AEs. CONCLUSIONS Rapid cluster titration was well tolerated in adults with allergic rhinitis, with or without mild to moderate allergic asthma, due to pollen or HDM. This short-titration, high-dose cluster regime may allow better patient compliance and cost savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Pfaar
- Center for Rhinology and Allergology Wiesbaden, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, An den Quellen 10, Wiesbaden DE-65189, Germany.
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García Núñez I, Barasona Villarejo M, Rodríguez Trabado A, Moreno Aguilar C, Guerra Pasadas F. Our Diagnosis Protocol In A Population That Believe To Be Allergic To Penicillins. J Allergy Clin Immunol 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jaci.2008.12.927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Criado Molina A, Guerra Pasadas F, Daza Muñoz JC, Moreno Aguilar C, Almeda Llamas E, Muñoz Gomariz E, Font Ugalde P, Alonso Díaz C, Germán Cárdenas M, Sánchez Guijo P. [Immunotherapy with an oral Alternaria extract in childhood asthma. Clinical safety and efficacy and effects on in vivo and in vitro parameters]. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2002; 30:319-30. [PMID: 12464165 DOI: 10.1016/s0301-0546(02)79147-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Studies of immunotherapy with oral Alternaria extracts are scarce. We decided to perform a clinical trial of the clinical safety and efficacy of this extract as well as of its effects on in vivo and in vitro parameters in 39 patients with Alternaria allergy, aged between 7 and 17 years, who are also sensitized extract was used. Allergic activity was determined through RAST inhibition and skin prick test. Quantification of the principal allerten (Alt a 1) was performed through the 2-site binding assay, with a mean content of 34.2 ng Alt a 1/micro g protein. The parameters analyzed were the symptom-medication score, skin prick using the end-point technique, specific bronchial challenge test, peak flow, total and specific IgE and IgG4. Nineteen patiens received active treatment with oral immunotherapy and another 19 received symptomatic treatment. The initial phase of immunotherapy lasted 3 months until the maximum dose was reached. This was maintained for 12 months; the mean accumulated dos was 280,000 PNU. Significant differences were found in reduction in the symptom-medication score in the treated group after 12 months of immunotherapy. No differences were found in the control group. Immunotherapy was well tolerated with 0.42 adverse reactions per 100 doses administered. All adverse reactions were mild-to-moderate. In the treated group, papule size was significantly reduced. Values for the specific bronchial challenge test, expressed through PD20, were significantly higher in the immunotherapy group. Peak flow showed no changes in either group. Values of IgG4 were significantly higher in the immunotherapy group. Total and specific IgE levels showed no significant changes in either group. In conclusion, oral immunotherapy with Alternaria extract is clinically effective in pediatric patients. In general, the therapy was well tolerated. It modified specific cutaneous and bronchial reactivity in our sample and increased levels of specific IgG4, wich are implicated in humoral response.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Criado Molina
- Departamento de Medicina. Unidad de Docente de Patología General. Servicio de Alergia. Hospital Universitario Reina Sofia. Córdoba. España
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Abstract
Tversky's (1977) seminal work on directionality injudgments of similarity demonstrated that people may not judge the similarity of A to B to be equal to the similarity of B to A. In a series of studies, we investigated comparison asymmetries. In Experiment 1, our aim was to extend Tversky's findings to a heterogeneous stimulus set, but no reliable asymmetries were observed. Experiment 2 employed a variety of comparison judgments, and, although some of these measures showed asymmetries, we still failed to observe asymmetries in rated similarity. A final attempt to obtain asymmetries used direction as a within-subjects factor, and for the first time, rating asymmetries were observed. Our data reinforce the idea of comparison asymmetries but suggest that similarity rating asymmetries are only observed under quite circumscribed conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Aguilar
- Department of Psychology, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, USA.
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Rodríguez N, Aguilar CM, Barrios MA, Barker DC. Detection of Leishmania braziliensis in naturally infected individual sandflies by the polymerase chain reaction. Trans R Soc Trop Med Hyg 1999; 93:47-9. [PMID: 10492789 DOI: 10.1016/s0035-9203(99)90176-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The natural infection of sandflies by Leishmania in wild-caught specimens was studied, using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-hybridization technique. The PCR was carried out using 2 oligonucleotides (primers 3J1 and 3J2) derived from a repetitive nuclear DNA sequence. The primers support the enzymatic amplification of a fragment of approximately 500 bp, present in the nuclear DNA of Leishmania braziliensis. The expected band was observed in 5 of 65 sandflies containing flagellates. After hybridization with a species-specific probe, we confirmed natural infection by L. braziliensis. The technique allowed the identification of Lutzomyia gomezi and Lu. panamensis as vectors of L. braziliensis in an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Urama, Puerto Cabello district in Venezuela. As far as we are aware, this work constitutes the first report of natural infection of Lu. panamensis with L. braziliensis in the study area. We also demonstrate that PCR-hybridization is a suitable approach to establish the Leishmania-sandfly relationship and will be useful in epidemiological studies of leishmaniasis in endemic areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Rodríguez
- Instituto de Biomedicina, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela.
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Luis L, Ramírez A, Aguilar CM, Eresh S, Barker DC, Mendoza-León A. The genomic fingerprinting of the coding region of the beta-tubulin gene in Leishmania identification. Acta Trop 1998; 69:193-204. [PMID: 9638272 DOI: 10.1016/s0001-706x(97)00128-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
We have demonstrated the polymorphism of the beta-tubulin gene region in Leishmania and its value in the identification of the parasite. In this work we have shown that the coding region of the gene has sufficient variation to accurately discriminate these parasites at the subgenus level. Nevertheless, intrasubgenus diversity, for particular restriction enzymes, was found in New World Leishmania belonging to the Leishmania subgenus. For instance, differences were found between mexicana and amazonensis strains. A unique pattern at the species level was found in particular species of both subgenera, e.g. L. (L.) major strain P and L. (L.) tropica belonging to the Leishmania subgenus, and L. (V.) panamensis strain LS94 from the Viannia subgenus. Particular endonucleases are diagnostic in Leishmania species discrimination as in the case of PvuII for the mexicana and amazonensis. This variation evidenced in the beta-tubulin gene region of Leishmania also occurred in other Kinetoplastida e.g. Trypanosoma cruzi, Leptomonas spp. and Crithidia spp. Moreover, these organisms showed a different genomic fingerprinting for the beta-tubulin gene among them and also Leishmania. Thus, the polymorphism of the coding region of the beta-tubulin gene can be used as a molecular marker for the identification of Leishmania.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Luis
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology of Parasites, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Central de Venezuela, Caracas, Venezuela
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Aguilar
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud (FCS), Universidad de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela
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D'Angio CT, Froehlke RG, Plank GA, Meehan DJ, Aguilar CM, Lande MB, Hugar L. Long-term outcome of Haemophilus influenzae meningitis in Navajo Indian children. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med 1995; 149:1001-8. [PMID: 7655584 DOI: 10.1001/archpedi.1995.02170220067009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To determine the long-term neurologic, cognitive, and educational outcomes of Navajo children who survived Haemophilus influenzae type b meningitis. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study, with 3.6- to 15.0-year follow-up. SETTING Navajo Indian reservation. PARTICIPANTS Population-based cohort of 76 Navajo children with Haemophilus meningitis at less than 5 years of age between 1975 and 1986, with 41 (54%) consenting to undergo follow-up in 1990. Each case was matched to one nearest-age sibling and one unrelated age-matched control. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Standard intelligence test scores, neurologic abnormalities, and school performance. RESULTS The mean IQ for cases was lower than that for siblings (79 vs 87, P = .006) or age-matched controls (79 vs 95, P < .001). Twenty-nine percent of cases had severe neurologic sequelae, including mental retardation (24%), severe hearing loss (5%), cerebral palsy (7%), and seizure disorder (12%). Eight percent of siblings (relative risk for cases vs siblings, 8.0; P = .05) and 2% of age-matched controls (relative risk vs cases, 10.0; P = .01) had mental retardation. No siblings or age-matched controls had any other severe neurologic sequela. Twenty-nine percent of cases, 23% of siblings (relative risk, 2.5; P = .45), and 0% of age-matched controls (P = .001) required special education services, while 42% of cases, 23% of siblings (relative risk, 3.3; P = .10), and 11% of age-matched controls (relative risk, 4.0; P = .005) had been retained in a grade in school. CONCLUSIONS Navajo survivors of Haemophilus meningitis suffer more long-term neurologic, cognitive, and school-related disability than siblings or age-matched controls. They may also suffer higher morbidity than Haemophilus meningitis survivors in the general population.
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Affiliation(s)
- C T D'Angio
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester, NY, USA
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Aguilar CM, Rangel EF, Garcia L, Fernandez E, Momen H, Grimaldi Filho G, De Vargas Z. Zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis due to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis associated with domestic animals in Venezuela and Brazil. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1989; 84:19-28. [PMID: 2319948 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761989000100005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
After outbreaks of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Solano State, Venezuela, 5% of the population had parasitized ulcers while after similar outbreaks in Mesquita, Rio de Janeiro State, Brazil, 9% had the disease. In these foci children, including some under six years of age, were affected. There was no significant difference in the occurrence of the disease according to sex or type of employment. In Solano, 3% of dogs and 28% of donkeys had parasitized lesions, while in Mesquita these indices were 19.8% and 30.8% respectively. The parasite from man, dogs and equines was identified as Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis, by zymodeme and serodeme characterization. In these foci there is evidence suggesting that leishmaniasis is a zoonosis, possibly with equines and dogs as reservoirs, although both a wild enzootic cycle and the role of man as a source of infection can not be ruled out. Transmission is assumed to occur peridomestically by sandfly vectors such as Lutzomyia panamensis in Venezuela and Lutzomyia intermedia in Brazil. Information about the origin of these foci suggests that infected equines may be an important factor in the dissemination of the parasite in a peridomestic situation where these sandflies are abundant.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Aguilar
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Universidade de Carabobo, Valencia, Venezuela
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Aguilar CM, Rangel EF, Grimaldi Filho G, Momem H. Human, canine and equine leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania braziliensis braziliensis in an endemic area in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1987; 82:143. [PMID: 3507562 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761987000100024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- C M Aguilar
- Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Departamento de Medicina Tropical, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil
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Abstract
In an endemic area of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Rio de Janeiro State where a mule had been found infected, a systematic search among equines was performed, resulting in the detection of Leishmania parasites in skin lesions of 30.8% of the animals, which included horses and mules. The eventual role of equines in the epidemiology of the human disease is being investigated.
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Aguilar CM, Rangel EF. [Cutaneous leishmaniasis in a mule (Equus caballus x Equus asinus) in an endemic area of the State of Rio de Janeiro]. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1986; 81:239-40. [PMID: 3587005 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761986000200017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
É relatado o encontro de infecção por parasitos do gênero Leishmania, em lesão cutânea de uma mula (Equus caballus x Equus asinus) procedente de uma localidade endêmica de leishmaniose tegumentar, no Estado do Rio de Janeiro.
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Aguilar CM, Fernández E, de Fernández R, Deane LM. Study of an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Venezuela. The role of domestic animals. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 1984; 79:181-95. [PMID: 6535915 DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02761984000200005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
During an outbreak of cutaneous leishmaniasis in a locality (Las Rosas, Cojedes State, Venezuela) previously non-endemic, 12.9% of humans, 7% of dogs and 21.4% of donkeys (Equus asinus) had lesions with parasites. The agent in the three hosts was identified as Leishmania braziliensis, subspecies braziliensis at least in man and donkey. The probable vector was Lutzomyia panamensis. No infection was found in a small sample of wild mammals examined. The outbreak was apparently linked with the importation of donkeys with ulcers, from endemic areas. The authors call attention to the fact that not only in the foci of "uta", but also in areas of the other forms of American cutaneous leishmaniasis, dogs are frequently found infected. They emphasize the necessity of searching for the infection in donkeys and of performing hemocultures and xenodiagnosis with sandflies in human, canine and equine cases, to verify their possible role as sources of infection, and not merely as dead ends in the epidemiological chain of the disease.
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Monteseirín Mateo FJ, Conde Hernández J, González Pol J, Jiménez Romero A, Moreno Aguilar C, Romero Velasco E. [Erythema multiforme as a consequence of skin tests with pneumoallergens]. Med Clin (Barc) 1983; 81:498. [PMID: 6656359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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