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Diehl S, Trotta N, Joo K, Achenbach P, Akbar Z, Armstrong WR, Atac H, Avakian H, Baashen L, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bossù F, Brinkmann KT, Briscoe WJ, Bulumulla D, Burkert V, Capobianco R, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Charles G, Chatagnon P, Chesnokov V, Ciullo G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Deur A, Djalali C, Dupre R, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Gavalian G, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gosta G, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen K, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Illari I, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Johnston R, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim A, Kim W, Klimenko V, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lagerquist V, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Li X, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, Matousek G, McKinnon B, McLauchlin C, Meziani ZE, Migliorati S, Milner RG, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Moran P, Munoz Camacho C, Naidoo P, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Paul SJ, Phelps W, Pilleux N, Pokhrel M, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Radic A, Raue BA, Reed T, Richards J, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schadmand S, Schmidt A, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Spreafico M, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky I, Strauch S, Turisini M, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Vallarino S, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei X, Williams R, Wishart R, Wood MH, Yurov M, Zachariou N, Zhao ZW, Zurek M. First Measurement of Hard Exclusive π^{-}Δ^{++} Electroproduction Beam-Spin Asymmetries off the Proton. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 131:021901. [PMID: 37505937 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.131.021901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/22/2023] [Accepted: 06/20/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The polarized cross-section ratio σ_{LT^{'}}/σ_{0} from hard exclusive π^{-}Δ^{++} electroproduction off an unpolarized hydrogen target has been extracted based on beam-spin asymmetry measurements using a 10.2 GeV/10.6 GeV incident electron beam and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. The study, which provides the first observation of this channel in the deep-inelastic regime, focuses on very forward-pion kinematics in the valence regime, and photon virtualities ranging from 1.5 GeV^{2} up to 7 GeV^{2}. The reaction provides a novel access to the d-quark content of the nucleon and to p→Δ^{++} transition generalized parton distributions. A comparison to existing results for hard exclusive π^{+}n and π^{0}p electroproduction is provided, which shows a clear impact of the excitation mechanism, encoded in transition generalized parton distributions, on the asymmetry.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - N Trotta
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P Achenbach
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - W R Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Baashen
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-TEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K-T Brinkmann
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Capobianco
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Chesnokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Ciullo
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Ehrhart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Gosta
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - I Illari
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R Johnston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - V Klimenko
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Lagerquist
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - X Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - G Matousek
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C McLauchlin
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Migliorati
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - R G Milner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Moran
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Paul
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - N Pilleux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Pokhrel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Radic
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - T Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Richards
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich, Germany
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - S Schadmand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Spreafico
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Turisini
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Vallarino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Williams
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208-1517, USA
| | - M Yurov
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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2
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Christiaens G, Defurne M, Sokhan D, Achenbach P, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Atac H, Avakian H, Gayoso CA, Baashen L, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benkel B, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Booth WA, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Brinkmann KT, Briscoe WJ, Bueltmann S, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Cao T, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chesnokov V, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clash G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Deur A, Diehl S, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, Alaoui AE, Fassi LE, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Gates K, Gavalian G, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gosta G, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holmberg DE, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim W, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lagerquist V, Lanza L, Kabir ML, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Li X, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, Matousek G, McKinnon B, McLauchlin C, Meziani ZE, Migliorati S, Milner RG, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Molina E, Camacho CM, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Nicol M, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ouillon M, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Paul SJ, Phelps W, Pilleux N, Pokhrel M, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Radic A, Ramasubramanian N, Raue BA, Reed T, Richards J, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schadmand S, Schmidt A, Scott MBC, Sharabian YG, Shirokov EV, Shrestha U, Simmerling P, Sparveris N, Spreafico M, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tan JA, Trotta N, Turisini M, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Vallarino S, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei X, Williams R, Wishart R, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Ziegler V, Zurek M. First CLAS12 Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering Beam-Spin Asymmetries in the Extended Valence Region. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:211902. [PMID: 37295113 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.211902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Deeply virtual Compton scattering (DVCS) allows one to probe generalized parton distributions describing the 3D structure of the nucleon. We report the first measurement of the DVCS beam-spin asymmetry using the CLAS12 spectrometer with a 10.2 and 10.6 GeV electron beam scattering from unpolarized protons. The results greatly extend the Q^{2} and Bjorken-x phase space beyond the existing data in the valence region and provide 1600 new data points measured with unprecedented statistical uncertainty, setting new, tight constraints for future phenomenological studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Christiaens
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Sokhan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Achenbach
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Baashen
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - B Benkel
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - W A Booth
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K-Th Brinkmann
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Bueltmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Cao
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Chesnokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - T Chetry
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - G Clash
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - K Gates
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Gosta
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D E Holmberg
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Lagerquist
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - M Leali
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - X Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - G Matousek
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C McLauchlin
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Migliorati
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - R G Milner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Molina
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Nicol
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Ouillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Paul
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - W Phelps
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Pilleux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Pokhrel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Radic
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | | | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Trevor Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Richards
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - S Schadmand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D 64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - M B C Scott
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E V Shirokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P Simmerling
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Spreafico
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Trotta
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Turisini
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Vallarino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Venturelli
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Williams
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - V Ziegler
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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3
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Chetry T, El Fassi L, Brooks WK, Dupré R, El Alaoui A, Hafidi K, Achenbach P, Adhikari KP, Akbar Z, Armstrong WR, Arratia M, Atac H, Avakian H, Baashen L, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benkel B, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Booth WA, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Brinkmann KT, Briscoe WJ, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chesnokov V, Ciullo G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Egiyan H, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fegan S, Filippi A, Gavalian G, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gosta G, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Kabir ML, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Lagerquist V, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Li X, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, McLauchlin C, Meziani ZE, Migliorati S, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Nicol M, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Paul SJ, Phelps W, Pilleux N, Pokhrel M, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Raue BA, Reed T, Richards J, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rosner G, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schadmand S, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shirokov EV, Shrestha U, Simmerling P, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tan JA, Trotta N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Vallarino S, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Williams R, Wishart R, Wood MH, Yurov M, Zachariou N, Zhao ZW, Zurek M. First Measurement of Λ Electroproduction off Nuclei in the Current and Target Fragmentation Regions. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:142301. [PMID: 37084423 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/01/2023] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
We report results of Λ hyperon production in semi-inclusive deep-inelastic scattering off deuterium, carbon, iron, and lead targets obtained with the CLAS detector and the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility 5.014 GeV electron beam. These results represent the first measurements of the Λ multiplicity ratio and transverse momentum broadening as a function of the energy fraction (z) in the current and target fragmentation regions. The multiplicity ratio exhibits a strong suppression at high z and an enhancement at low z. The measured transverse momentum broadening is an order of magnitude greater than that seen for light mesons. This indicates that the propagating entity interacts very strongly with the nuclear medium, which suggests that propagation of diquark configurations in the nuclear medium takes place at least part of the time, even at high z. The trends of these results are qualitatively described by the Giessen Boltzmann-Uehling-Uhlenbeck transport model, particularly for the multiplicity ratios. These observations will potentially open a new era of studies of the structure of the nucleon as well as of strange baryons.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Chetry
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla, 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Center for Science and Technology of Valparaíso, 699 Valparaíso, Chile
- SAPHIR Millennium Science Institute, Santiago, Chile
| | - R Dupré
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla, 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Achenbach
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K P Adhikari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - W R Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Arratia
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Baashen
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute - ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - B Benkel
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla, 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - W A Booth
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K-Th Brinkmann
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Chesnokov
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Gavalian
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Gosta
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla, 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Lagerquist
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - X Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C McLauchlin
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Migliorati
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla, 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Nicol
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Paul
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - N Pilleux
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Pokhrel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - T Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Richards
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institut fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich 52428, Germany
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - S Schadmand
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E V Shirokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - U Shrestha
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P Simmerling
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Trotta
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Vallarino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Universit'a degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - R Williams
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Yurov
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Avakian H, Hayward TB, Kotzinian A, Armstrong WR, Atac H, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Baashen L, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benkel B, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biondo L, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Boiarinov S, Bossù F, Brinkman KT, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bueltmann S, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Capobianco R, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chesnokov V, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Forest T, Gates K, Gavalian G, Ghandilyan Y, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gosta G, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Johnston R, Joo K, Kabir ML, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim A, Kim W, Klimenko V, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lagerquist V, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Li X, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Migliorati S, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Neupane K, Nguyen D, Niccolai S, Nicol M, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Paul SJ, Phelps W, Pilleux N, Pogorelko O, Pokhrel M, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Raue BA, Reed T, Richards J, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Sharabian YG, Shirokov EV, Shrestha U, Simmerling P, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tan JA, Trotta N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Vallarino S, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Vossen A, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei X, Wishart R, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhao ZW, Zurek M. Observation of Correlations between Spin and Transverse Momenta in Back-to-Back Dihadron Production at CLAS12. Phys Rev Lett 2023; 130:022501. [PMID: 36706384 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.022501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 12/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
We report the first measurements of deep inelastic scattering spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries in back-to-back dihadron electroproduction in the deep inelastic scattering process. In this reaction, two hadrons are produced in opposite hemispheres along the z axis in the virtual photon-target nucleon center-of-mass frame, with the first hadron produced in the current-fragmentation region and the second in the target-fragmentation region. The data were taken with longitudinally polarized electron beams of 10.2 and 10.6 GeV incident on an unpolarized liquid-hydrogen target using the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. Observed nonzero sinΔϕ modulations in ep→e^{'}pπ^{+}X events, where Δϕ is the difference of the azimuthal angles of the proton and pion in the virtual photon and target nucleon center-of-mass frame, indicate that correlations between the spin and transverse momenta of hadrons produced in the target- and current-fragmentation regions may be significant. The measured beam-spin asymmetries provide a first access in dihadron production to a previously unexplored leading-twist spin- and transverse-momentum-dependent fracture function. The fracture functions describe the hadronization of the target remnant after the hard scattering of a virtual photon off a quark in the target particle and provide a new avenue for studying nucleonic structure and hadronization.
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Affiliation(s)
- H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Kotzinian
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - W R Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Baashen
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - B Benkel
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - L Biondo
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K T Brinkman
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - S Bueltmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Capobianco
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Chesnokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - T Chetry
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - K Gates
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Gosta
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R Johnston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - V Klimenko
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Kripko
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Lagerquist
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - X Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Migliorati
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Nicol
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Paul
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - W Phelps
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Pilleux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - M Pokhrel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - T Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Richards
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum fur Schwerionenforschung GmbH, D-64291 Darmstadt, Germany
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52428 Juelich, Germany
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E V Shirokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - U Shrestha
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P Simmerling
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Trotta
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Vallarino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Venturelli
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Vossen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Paul SJ, Morán S, Arratia M, El Alaoui A, Hakobyan H, Brooks W, Amaryan MJ, Armstrong WR, Atac H, Baashen L, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benkel B, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biondo L, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Brinkmann KT, Briscoe WJ, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Capobianco R, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chesnokov V, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Fegan S, Filippi A, Gavalian G, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Golubenko AA, Gosta G, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Johnston R, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim W, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Lagerquist V, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Li X, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Migliorati S, Milner RG, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev VI, Moran P, Munoz Camacho C, Neupane K, Nguyen D, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pilleux N, Pocanic D, Pogorelko O, Pokhrel M, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Raue BA, Reed T, Ripani M, Rosner G, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shirokov EV, Shrestha U, Simmerling P, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tan JA, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Vallarino S, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Wei X, Wishart R, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhao ZW, Ziegler V, Zurek M. Observation of Azimuth-Dependent Suppression of Hadron Pairs in Electron Scattering off Nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 129:182501. [PMID: 36374671 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.182501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 08/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/30/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of dihadron angular correlations in electron-nucleus scattering. The data were taken with the CLAS detector and a 5.0 GeV electron beam incident on deuterium, carbon, iron, and lead targets. Relative to deuterium, the nuclear yields of charged-pion pairs show a strong suppression for azimuthally opposite pairs, no suppression for azimuthally nearby pairs, and an enhancement of pairs with large invariant mass. These effects grow with increased nuclear size. The data are qualitatively described by the gibuu model, which suggests that hadrons form near the nuclear surface and undergo multiple scattering in nuclei.These results show that angular correlation studies can open a new way to elucidate how hadrons form and interact inside nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- S J Paul
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - S Morán
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - M Arratia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of California Riverside, 900 University Avenue, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - W Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W R Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L Baashen
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - B Benkel
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - L Biondo
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K-Th Brinkmann
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Capobianco
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Chesnokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - T Chetry
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Gavalian
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G Gosta
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R Johnston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Lagerquist
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - X Li
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Migliorati
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - R G Milner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V I Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Moran
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, PO Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Pilleux
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Pocanic
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - M Pokhrel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - T Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E V Shirokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - U Shrestha
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P Simmerling
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Vallarino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - V Ziegler
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Zurek
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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6
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Christy ME, Gautam T, Ou L, Schmookler B, Wang Y, Adikaram D, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Ali SF, Aljawrneh B, Allada K, Allison SL, Alsalmi S, Androic D, Aniol K, Annand J, Arrington J, Atac H, Averett T, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Bai X, Bane J, Barcus S, Bartlett K, Bellini V, Beminiwattha R, Bericic J, Bhatt H, Bhetuwal D, Biswas D, Brash E, Bulumulla D, Camacho CM, Campbell J, Camsonne A, Carmignotto M, Castellanos J, Chen C, Chen JP, Chetry T, Cisbani E, Clary B, Cohen E, Compton N, Cornejo JC, Covrig Dusa S, Crowe B, Danagoulian S, Danley T, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Desnault C, Di D, Dlamini M, Duer M, Duran B, Ent R, Fanelli C, Fuchey E, Gal C, Gaskell D, Georges F, Gilad S, Glamazdin O, Gnanvo K, Gramolin AV, Gray VM, Gu C, Habarakada A, Hague T, Hamad G, Hamilton D, Hamilton K, Hansen O, Hauenstein F, Hernandez AV, Henry W, Higinbotham DW, Holmstrom T, Horn T, Huang Y, Huber GM, Hyde C, Ibrahim H, Israel N, Jen CM, Jin K, Jones M, Kabir A, Karki B, Keppel C, Khachatryan V, King PM, Li S, Li W, Liu H, Liu J, Liyanage AH, Mack D, Magee J, Malace S, Mammei J, Markowitz P, Mayilyan S, McClellan E, Meddi F, Meekins D, Mesick K, Michaels R, Mkrtchyan A, Moffit B, Montgomery R, Myers LS, Nadel-Turonski P, Nazeer SJ, Nelyubin V, Nguyen D, Nuruzzaman N, Nycz M, Obrecht RF, Ohanyan K, Palatchi C, Pandey B, Park K, Park S, Peng C, Persio FD, Pomatsalyuk R, Pooser E, Puckett AJR, Punjabi V, Quinn B, Rahman S, Rashad MNH, Reimer PE, Riordan S, Roche J, Sapkota I, Sarty A, Sawatzky B, Saylor NH, Shabestari MH, Shahinyan A, Širca S, Smith GR, Sooriyaarachchilage S, Sparveris N, Spies R, Stefanko A, Su T, Subedi A, Sulkosky V, Sun A, Tan Y, Thorne L, Ton N, Tortorici F, Trotta R, Uniyal R, Urciuoli GM, Voutier E, Waidyawansa B, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood S, Yan X, Ye L, Ye ZH, Yero C, Zhang J, Zhao YX, Zhu P. Form Factors and Two-Photon Exchange in High-Energy Elastic Electron-Proton Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:102002. [PMID: 35333083 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.102002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Revised: 11/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present new precision measurements of the elastic electron-proton scattering cross section for momentum transfer (Q^{2}) up to 15.75 (GeV/c)^{2}. Combined with existing data, these provide an improved extraction of the proton magnetic form factor at high Q^{2} and double the range over which a longitudinal or transverse separation of the cross section can be performed. The difference between our results and polarization data agrees with that observed at lower Q^{2} and attributed to hard two-photon exchange (TPE) effects, extending to 8 (GeV/c)^{2} the range of Q^{2} for which a discrepancy is established at >95% confidence. We use the discrepancy to quantify the size of TPE contributions needed to explain the cross section at high Q^{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Christy
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - T Gautam
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - L Ou
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - B Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - Y Wang
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Ahmed
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Albataineh
- Texas A & M University, Kingsville, Texas 77843, USA
| | - S F Ali
- Catholic University of America, Washington, District of Columbia 20064, USA
| | - B Aljawrneh
- North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
- Al Zaytoonah University of Jordan, Amman 11733, Jordan
| | - K Allada
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S L Allison
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Alsalmi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - D Androic
- University of Zagreb, Trg Republike Hrvatske 14, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J Arrington
- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Averett
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | | | - X Bai
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - J Bane
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Barcus
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - K Bartlett
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - V Bellini
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Department of Physics and Astronomy, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | | | - J Bericic
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Bhatt
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Bhetuwal
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Biswas
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - E Brash
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - C M Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - J Campbell
- Dalhousie University, Nova Scotia NS B3H 4R2, Canada
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Carmignotto
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - J Castellanos
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Cohen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J C Cornejo
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Covrig Dusa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Crowe
- North Carolina Central University, Durham, North Carolina 27707, USA
| | - S Danagoulian
- North Carolina A&T State University, Greensboro, North Carolina 27411, USA
| | - T Danley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Deconinck
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Desnault
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - D Di
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - M Dlamini
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Duer
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv-Yafo 69978, Israel
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Ent
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Fanelli
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Fuchey
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Gal
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Georges
- Ecole Centrale Paris, 3 Rue Joliot Curie, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Gilad
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - K Gnanvo
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A V Gramolin
- Boston University, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA
| | - V M Gray
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - C Gu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A Habarakada
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - T Hague
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - G Hamad
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Hamilton
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A V Hernandez
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - W Henry
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Holmstrom
- Randolph Macon College, Ashland, Virginia 23005, USA
| | - T Horn
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - Y Huang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - G M Huber
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - C Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Ibrahim
- Cairo University, Cairo, 12613, Egypt
| | - N Israel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C-M Jen
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 234061, USA
| | - K Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - M Jones
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Kabir
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - B Karki
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C Keppel
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
- Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14853, USA
| | - P M King
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - W Li
- University of Regina, Regina, Saskatchewan S4S 0A2 Canada
| | - H Liu
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA
| | - J Liu
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - A H Liyanage
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - D Mack
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Magee
- William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23185, USA
| | - S Malace
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Mammei
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Mayilyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E McClellan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Meddi
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Mesick
- Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey 08854, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Mkrtchyan
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - B Moffit
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Montgomery
- SUPA School of Physics and Astronomy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - L S Myers
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S J Nazeer
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - V Nelyubin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - D Nguyen
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - N Nuruzzaman
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - M Nycz
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - R F Obrecht
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - K Ohanyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Palatchi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - B Pandey
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23669, USA
| | - K Park
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Park
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - C Peng
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - F D Persio
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - R Pomatsalyuk
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - E Pooser
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - B Quinn
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Rahman
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - M N H Rashad
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - P E Reimer
- Argonne National Laboratory, Lemont, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Riordan
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - J Roche
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Sapkota
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - A Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N H Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - M H Shabestari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- AANL, 2 Alikhanian Brothers Street, 0036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - S Širca
- Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - G R Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Spies
- University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - A Stefanko
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - T Su
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44240, USA
| | - A Subedi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Sun
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Tan
- Shandong University, Shandong, Jinan 250100, China
| | - L Thorne
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - N Ton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - F Tortorici
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Department of Physics and Astronomy, I-95123 Catania, Italy
| | - R Trotta
- Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - R Uniyal
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - G M Urciuoli
- Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare - Sezione di Roma, P.le Aldo Moro, 2 - 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucleaire, 15 Rue Georges Clemenceau, 91400 Orsay, France
| | - B Waidyawansa
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Yan
- Huangshan University, 44 Daizhen Road, Tunxi District, Huangshan, Anhui Province, China
| | - L Ye
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - Z H Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
- Tsinghua University, 30 Shuangqing Rd, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
| | - C Yero
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 232904, USA
| | - Y X Zhao
- Stony Brook, State University of New York, New York 11794, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, China
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7
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Diehl S, Kim A, Angelini G, Joo K, Adhikari S, Amaryan M, Arratia M, Atac H, Avakian H, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bastami S, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Brinkmann KT, Briscoe WJ, Brooks W, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Clary BA, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dugger M, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Forest T, Gavalian G, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Hyde CE, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Johnston R, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim W, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Lu Z, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Milner RG, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Moran P, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Nanda S, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, O'Connell TR, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Prokudin A, Raue BA, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Roberts CD, Rossi P, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Segarra EP, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Simmerling P, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Stoler P, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tezgin K, Thornton A, Tyler N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Vossen A, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei K, Wei X, Xu SS, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J. Multidimensional, High Precision Measurements of Beam Single Spin Asymmetries in Semi-inclusive π^{+} Electroproduction off Protons in the Valence Region. Phys Rev Lett 2022; 128:062005. [PMID: 35213183 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.128.062005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 01/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
High precision measurements of the polarized electron beam-spin asymmetry in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering (SIDIS) from the proton have been performed using a 10.6 GeV incident electron beam and the CLAS12 spectrometer at Jefferson Lab. We report here a high precision multidimensional study of single π^{+} SIDIS data over a large kinematic range in Bjorken x, fractional energy, and transverse momentum of the hadron as well as photon virtualities Q^{2} ranging from 1-7 GeV^{2}. In particular, the structure function ratio F_{LU}^{sinϕ}/F_{UU} has been determined, where F_{LU}^{sinϕ} is a twist-3 quantity that can reveal novel aspects of emergent hadron mass and quark-gluon correlations within the nucleon. The data's impact on the evolving understanding of the underlying reaction mechanisms and their kinematic variation is explored using theoretical models for the different contributing transverse momentum dependent parton distribution functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Arratia
- University of California, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - S Bastami
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K-T Brinkmann
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universitá di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B A Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Dugger
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85281, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - R Johnston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Kripko
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- Universitá di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z Lu
- School of Physics, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, Jiangsu, China
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R G Milner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Moran
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Nanda
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - T R O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Universitá di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Prokudin
- Science Division, Penn State University Berks, Reading, Pennsylvania 19610, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - C D Roberts
- School of Physics and Institute for Nonperturbative Physics, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, Jiangsu, China
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E P Segarra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - P Simmerling
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Stoler
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K Tezgin
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Thornton
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Vossen
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S-S Xu
- School of Science, Nanjing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Nanjing 210023, Jiangsu, China
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
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8
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Rowley J, Compton N, Djalali C, Hicks K, Price J, Zachariou N, Adhikari KP, Armstrong WR, Atac H, Baashen L, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biondo L, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chesnokov V, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Dupré R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Fersch R, Filippi A, Fradi A, Gavalian G, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golubenko A, Gothe RW, Griffioen K, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Joo K, Keller D, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim A, Korover I, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McCracken ME, McKinnon B, McLauchlin C, Meziani ZE, Migliorati S, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Munevar E, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, O'Connell TR, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Pasyuk E, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Reed T, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Sabatie F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Vossen A, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei K, Wei X, Wishart R, Wood MH, Yale B, Yurov M, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Improved Λp Elastic Scattering Cross Sections between 0.9 and 2.0 GeV/c as a Main Ingredient of the Neutron Star Equation of State. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:272303. [PMID: 35061432 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.272303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2021] [Revised: 08/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Strange matter is believed to exist in the cores of neutron stars based on simple kinematics. If this is true, then hyperon-nucleon interactions will play a significant part in the neutron star equation of state. Yet, compared to other elastic scattering processes, there is very little data on Λ-N scattering. This experiment utilized the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) detector to study the Λp→Λp elastic scattering cross section in the incident Λ momentum range 0.9-2.0 GeV/c. These are the first data on this reaction since the 1970s. The new cross sections have significantly better accuracy and precision than the existing world data, and the techniques developed here can also be used in future experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - J Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W R Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L Baashen
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - L Biondo
- INFN, Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Universià degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Chesnokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupré
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Fradi
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Gavalian
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F X Girod
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Keller
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - I Korover
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - M E McCracken
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C McLauchlin
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Migliorati
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - T Mineeva
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Munevar
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - T R O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - T Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), 52425 Juelich, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - F Sabatie
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Vossen
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Yurov
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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9
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Chatagnon P, Niccolai S, Stepanyan S, Amaryan MJ, Angelini G, Armstrong WR, Atac H, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biondo L, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Caudron M, Celentano A, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, Defurne M, De Vita R, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dupré R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Fersch R, Filippi A, Gavalian G, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Joo K, Kabir ML, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khanal A, Kim A, Kim W, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, McLauchlin C, Migliorati S, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Neupane K, O'Connell TR, Osipenko M, Ouillon M, Pandey P, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Raue BA, Reed T, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rossi P, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Schmidt A, Segarra EP, Sharabian YG, Shirokov EV, Shrestha U, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tyler N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Vallarino S, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Vossen A, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei K, Wei X, Wishart R, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. First Measurement of Timelike Compton Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 127:262501. [PMID: 35029502 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.262501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 10/21/2021] [Accepted: 11/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of the timelike Compton scattering process, γp→p^{'}γ^{*}(γ^{*}→e^{+}e^{-}), obtained with the CLAS12 detector at Jefferson Lab. The photon beam polarization and the decay lepton angular asymmetries are reported in the range of timelike photon virtualities 2.25<Q^{'2}<9 GeV^{2}, squared momentum transferred 0.1<-t<0.8 GeV^{2}, and average total center-of-mass energy squared s=14.5 GeV^{2}. The photon beam polarization asymmetry, similar to the beam-spin asymmetry in deep virtual Compton scattering, is sensitive to the imaginary part of the Compton form factors and provides a way to test the universality of the generalized parton distributions. The angular asymmetry of the decay leptons accesses the real part of the Compton form factors and thus the D-term in the parametrization of the generalized parton distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W R Armstrong
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Bashkanov
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - L Biondo
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy
- Universit'a degli Studi di Messina, 98166 Messina, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Caudron
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 M. L. King, Jr. Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Dupré
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C McLauchlin
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Migliorati
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - T R O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Ouillon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Pandey
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Paolone
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - T Reed
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E P Segarra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E V Shirokov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - U Shrestha
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Vallarino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Vossen
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Wishart
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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10
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Hayward TB, Dilks C, Vossen A, Avakian H, Adhikari S, Angelini G, Arratia M, Atac H, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondì M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clary BA, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Costantini G, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dupre R, Dugger M, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Fegan S, Filippi A, Forest TA, Gavalian G, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golubenko AA, Gothe RW, Gotra Y, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Hicks K, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Kim A, Kim W, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lee S, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Naidoo P, Nanda S, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, O'Connell TR, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Raue BA, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Rossi P, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Segarra EP, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Thornton A, Tyler N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei K, Wei X, Wood MH, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J. Observation of Beam Spin Asymmetries in the Process ep→e^{'}π^{+}π^{-}X with CLAS12. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:152501. [PMID: 33929247 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.152501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2021] [Revised: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The observation of beam spin asymmetries in two-pion production in semi-inclusive deep inelastic scattering off an unpolarized proton target is reported. The data presented here were taken in the fall of 2018 with the CLAS12 spectrometer using a 10.6 GeV longitudinally spin-polarized electron beam delivered by CEBAF at JLab. The measured asymmetries provide the first opportunity to extract the parton distribution function e(x), which provides information about the interaction between gluons and quarks, in a collinear framework that offers cleaner access than previous measurements. The asymmetries also constitute the first ever signal sensitive to the helicity-dependent two-pion fragmentation function G_{1}^{⊥}. A clear sign change is observed around the ρ mass that appears in model calculations and is indicative of the dependence of the produced pions on the helicity of the fragmenting quark.
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Affiliation(s)
- T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - A Vossen
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - M Arratia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of California, Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Battaglieri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondì
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - B A Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - G Costantini
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Dugger
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - G Gavalian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A A Golubenko
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Y Gotra
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Kripko
- II. Physikalisches Institut der Universität Gießen, 35392 Gießen, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - S Lee
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Naidoo
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Nanda
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - T R O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich 52428, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E P Segarra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - A Thornton
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Université Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208-1098, USA
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
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11
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Carver M, Celentano A, Hicks K, Marsicano L, Mathieu V, Pilloni A, Adhikari KP, Adhikari S, Amaryan MJ, Angelini G, Atac H, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bondi M, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Clary BA, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dugger M, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, Alaoui AE, Fassi LE, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Filippi A, Gavalian G, Gevorgyan N, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Holtrop M, Huang Q, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim CW, Klein FJ, Kripko A, Kubarovsky V, Lanza L, Leali M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Mascagna V, McCracken ME, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mokeev V, Movsisyan A, Munevar E, Camacho CM, Nadel-Turonski P, Neupane K, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Ritchie BG, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tyler N, Tyson R, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei K, Wei X, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Photoproduction of the f_{2}(1270) Meson Using the CLAS Detector. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:082002. [PMID: 33709753 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.082002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The quark structure of the f_{2}(1270) meson has, for many years, been assumed to be a pure quark-antiquark (qq[over ¯]) resonance with quantum numbers J^{PC}=2^{++}. Recently, it was proposed that the f_{2}(1270) is a molecular state made from the attractive interaction of two ρ mesons. Such a state would be expected to decay strongly to final states with charged pions due to the dominant decay ρ→π^{+}π^{-}, whereas decay to two neutral pions would likely be suppressed. Here, we measure for the first time the reaction γp→π^{0}π^{0}p, using the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer detector at Jefferson Lab for incident beam energies between 3.6 and 5.4 GeV. Differential cross sections, dσ/dt, for f_{2}(1270) photoproduction are extracted with good precision due to low backgrounds and are compared to theoretical calculations.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Carver
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mathieu
- Departamento de Fsica Terica and IPARCOS, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - A Pilloni
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- European Centre for Theoretical Studies in Nuclear Physics and Related Areas (ECT*) and Fondazione Bruno Kessler, Strada delle Tavarnelle 286, Villazzano (Trento) I-38123, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Roma, 00185 Roma, Italy
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - M Bondi
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - P Chatagnon
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B A Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, PO Box 10046, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Dugger
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - G Gavalian
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Q Huang
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901j, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C W Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - A Kripko
- II Physikalisches Institut der Universitaet Giessen 35392, Germany
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - M E McCracken
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Munevar
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306 USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901j, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - B G Ritchie
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Tyson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901j, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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12
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Mirazita M, Avakian H, Courtoy A, Pisano S, Adhikari S, Amaryan MJ, Angelini G, Atac H, Baltzell NA, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clary B, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, Alaoui AE, Fassi LE, Eugenio P, Fegan S, Fersch R, Filippi A, Forest TA, Ghandilyan Y, Gavalian G, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Hobart A, Holtrop M, Huang Q, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Joo K, Keller D, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim CW, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Milner RG, Mineeva T, Mokeev V, Mullen C, Camacho CM, Neupane K, Niculescu G, O'Connell T, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pocanic D, Pogorelko O, Poudel J, Prok Y, Raue BA, Ripani M, Ritman J, Rizzo A, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Vossen A, Voutier E, Watts D, Wei K, Wei X, Wood MH, Yale B, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Beam Spin Asymmetry in Semi-Inclusive Electroproduction of Hadron Pairs. Phys Rev Lett 2021; 126:062002. [PMID: 33635681 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.126.062002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2020] [Revised: 12/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
A first measurement of the longitudinal beam spin asymmetry A_{LU} in the semi-inclusive electroproduction of pairs of charged pions is reported. A_{LU} is a higher-twist observable and offers the cleanest access to the nucleon twist-3 parton distribution function e(x). Data have been collected in the Hall-B at Jefferson Lab by impinging a 5.498-GeV electron beam on a liquid-hydrogen target, and reconstructing the scattered electron and the pion pair with the CLAS detector. One-dimensional projections of the A_{LU}^{sinϕ_{R}} moments are extracted for the kinematic variables of interest in the valence quark region. The understanding of dihadron production is essential for the interpretation of observables in single-hadron production in semi-inclusive DIS, and pioneering measurements of single-spin asymmetries in dihadron production open a new avenue in studies of QCD dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Courtoy
- Instituto de Física, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Apartado Postal 20-364, Ciudad de México 01000, Mexico
| | - S Pisano
- Centro Fermi-Museo Storico della Fisica e Centro Studi e Ricerche Enrico Fermi, 00184 Rome, Italy
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - Fatiha Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - B Clary
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, PO Box 10009, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G Gavalian
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - A Hobart
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Q Huang
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - C W Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R G Milner
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139-4307, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Mullen
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - K Neupane
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - T O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Park
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Pocanic
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J Ritman
- Institute fur Kernphysik (Juelich), Juelich 52428, Germany
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - A Vossen
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - K Wei
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - B Yale
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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13
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Diehl S, Joo K, Kim A, Avakian H, Kroll P, Park K, Riser D, Semenov-Tian-Shansky K, Tezgin K, Adhikari KP, Adhikari S, Amaryan MJ, Angelini G, Asryan G, Atac H, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Benmokhtar F, Bianconi A, Biselli AS, Bossù F, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bulumulla D, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carvajal JC, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Defurne M, Deur A, Dilks C, Djalali C, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Filippi A, Forest TA, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim CW, Kim W, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Leali M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Marsicano L, Mascagna V, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Prok Y, Raue BA, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rossi P, Rowley J, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schmidt A, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Soto O, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Stoler P, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Tan JA, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Venturelli L, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Extraction of Beam-Spin Asymmetries from the Hard Exclusive π^{+} Channel off Protons in a Wide Range of Kinematics. Phys Rev Lett 2020; 125:182001. [PMID: 33196236 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.125.182001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 06/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
We have measured beam-spin asymmetries to extract the sinϕ moment A_{LU}^{sinϕ} from the hard exclusive e[over →]p→e^{'}nπ^{+} reaction above the resonance region, for the first time with nearly full coverage from forward to backward angles in the center of mass. The A_{LU}^{sinϕ} moment has been measured up to 6.6 GeV^{2} in -t, covering the kinematic regimes of generalized parton distributions (GPD) and baryon-to-meson transition distribution amplitudes (TDA) at the same time. The experimental results in very forward kinematics demonstrate the sensitivity to chiral-odd and chiral-even GPDs. In very backward kinematics where the TDA framework is applicable, we found A_{LU}^{sinϕ} to be negative, while a sign change was observed near 90° in the center of mass. The unique results presented in this Letter will provide critical constraints to establish reaction mechanisms that can help to further develop the GPD and TDA frameworks.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35392 Giessen, Germany
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Kroll
- Fachbereich Physik, Universitat Wuppertal, D-42097 Wuppertal, Germany
| | - K Park
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | | | - K Tezgin
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - G Asryan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - H Atac
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - M Battaglieri
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Duquesne University, 600 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15282, USA
| | - A Bianconi
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D Bulumulla
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J C Carvajal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Lamar University, Beaumont, Texas 77705, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Dilks
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - S Joosten
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, RU-188300 Gatchina, Russia
| | - C W Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M Leali
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - L Marsicano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - V Mascagna
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi dell'Insubria, 22100 Como, Italy
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L L Pappalardo
- Universita' di Ferrara , 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- National Research Centre Kurchatov Institute-ITEP, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Rowley
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Schmidt
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - O Soto
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Stoler
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- The George Washington University, Washington, District of Columbia 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Venturelli
- INFN, Sezione di Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy
- Università degli Studi di Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Universit'e Paris-Saclay, CNRS/IN2P3, IJCLab, 91405 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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14
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Hattawy M, Baltzell NA, Dupré R, Bültmann S, De Vita R, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Egiyan H, Girod FX, Guidal M, Hafidi K, Jenkins D, Liuti S, Perrin Y, Stepanyan S, Torayev B, Voutier E, Adhikari S, Angelini G, Ayerbe Gayoso C, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Bossù F, Brooks W, Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Sanctis E, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Ehrhart M, Eugenio P, Fegan S, Filippi A, Forest TA, Fradi A, Garçon M, Gavalian G, Gevorgyan N, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Harrison N, Hauenstein F, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Johnston S, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim CW, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, L Kabir M, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, Mayer M, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Montgomery RA, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Ostrovidov AI, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Pogorelko O, Poudel J, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Riser D, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Skorodumina I, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Wang R, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Exploring the Structure of the Bound Proton with Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:032502. [PMID: 31386486 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.032502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In the past two decades, deeply virtual Compton scattering of electrons has been successfully used to advance our knowledge of the partonic structure of the free proton and investigate correlations between the transverse position and the longitudinal momentum of quarks inside the nucleon. Meanwhile, the structure of bound nucleons in nuclei has been studied in inclusive deep-inelastic lepton scattering experiments off nuclear targets, showing a significant difference in longitudinal momentum distribution of quarks inside the bound nucleon, known as the EMC effect. In this Letter, we report the first beam spin asymmetry (BSA) measurement of exclusive deeply virtual Compton scattering off a proton bound in ^{4}He. The data used here were accumulated using a 6 GeV longitudinally polarized electron beam incident on a pressurized ^{4}He gaseous target placed within the CLAS spectrometer in Hall-B at the Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility. The azimuthal angle (ϕ) dependence of the BSA was studied in a wide range of virtual photon and scattered proton kinematics. The Q^{2}, x_{B}, and t dependencies of the BSA on the bound proton are compared with those on the free proton. In the whole kinematical region of our measurements, the BSA on the bound proton is smaller by 20% to 40%, indicating possible medium modification of its partonic structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - N A Baltzell
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Dupré
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - S Liuti
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Y Perrin
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Torayev
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | | | - C Ayerbe Gayoso
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - F Bossù
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - W Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - F Cao
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Boulevard, P.O. Box 10009, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - M Garçon
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - G Gavalian
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - S Johnston
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Keller
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - C W Kim
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | | | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | | | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Pasyuk
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- Universitá di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R Wang
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10 5DD, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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J, Yokkaichi S, Yoo JH, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yu H, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zelenski A, Zhang C, Zharko S, Zhou S, Zimamyi J, Zolin L, Zou L. Beam Energy and Centrality Dependence of Direct-Photon Emission from Ultrarelativistic Heavy-Ion Collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 123:022301. [PMID: 31386493 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.123.022301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2018] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The PHENIX collaboration presents first measurements of low-momentum (0.4<p_{T}<3 GeV/c) direct-photon yields from Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=39 and 62.4 GeV. For both beam energies the direct-photon yields are substantially enhanced with respect to expectations from prompt processes, similar to the yields observed in Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200. Analyzing the photon yield as a function of the experimental observable dN_{ch}/dη reveals that the low-momentum (>1 GeV/c) direct-photon yield dN_{γ}^{dir}/dη is a smooth function of dN_{ch}/dη and can be well described as proportional to (dN_{ch}/dη)^{α} with α≈1.25. This scaling behavior holds for a wide range of beam energies at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider and the Large Hadron Collider, for centrality selected samples, as well as for different A+A collision systems. At a given beam energy, the scaling also holds for high p_{T} (>5 GeV/c), but when results from different collision energies are compared, an additional sqrt[s_{NN}]-dependent multiplicative factor is needed to describe the integrated-direct-photon yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Afanasiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - C Aidala
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - N N Ajitanand
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y Akiba
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Akimoto
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Al-Bataineh
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - J Alexander
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Alfred
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - A Al-Jamel
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - H Al-Ta'ani
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - A Angerami
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - K Aoki
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Apadula
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - L Aphecetche
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - Y Aramaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Armendariz
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - S H Aronson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Asai
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Asano
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - E T Atomssa
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - R Averbeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T C Awes
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Azmoun
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Babintsev
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Bagoly
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - M Bai
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - L Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - A Baldisseri
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B Bannier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K N Barish
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P D Barnes
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Bassalleck
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A T Basye
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - S Bathe
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Batsouli
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V Baublis
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - F Bauer
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - C Baumann
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S Baumgart
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Bazilevsky
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Belikov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Belmont
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Bennett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Y Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - J H Bhom
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - A A Bickley
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M T Bjorndal
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - D S Blau
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
| | - M Boer
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J G Boissevain
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J S Bok
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - H Borel
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Boyle
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M L Brooks
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D S Brown
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - J Bryslawskyj
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Bucher
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - H Buesching
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Bumazhnov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Bunce
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J M Burward-Hoy
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Butsyk
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C M Camacho
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Campbell
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V Canoa Roman
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Caringi
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - P Castera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J-S Chai
- KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul 34057, Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - B S Chang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - W C Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J-L Charvet
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C-H Chen
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Chernichenko
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - C Y Chi
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J Chiba
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Chiu
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - I J Choi
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J B Choi
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - S Choi
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - R K Choudhury
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - P Christiansen
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Chujo
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - P Chung
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - A Churyn
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - O Chvala
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - V Cianciolo
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Z Citron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - C R Cleven
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Y Cobigo
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B A Cole
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M P Comets
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - Z Conesa Del Valle
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Connors
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Constantin
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - T Csörgő
- Eszterházy Károly University, Károly Róbert Campus, H-3200 Gyöngyös, Mátrai út 36, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Dahms
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Dairaku
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - I Danchev
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - T W Danley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Das
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Datta
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | | | - G David
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M K Dayananda
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M B Deaton
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K Dehmelt
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Delagrange
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - A Denisov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D d'Enterria
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Deshpande
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - E J Desmond
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - O Dietzsch
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - L Ding
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A Dion
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J H Do
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - M Donadelli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - L D'Orazio
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | | | - O Drapier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Drees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K A Drees
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Dubey
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J M Durham
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Durum
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D Dutta
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - V Dzhordzhadze
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Edwards
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Y V Efremenko
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Egdemir
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - F Ellinghaus
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - W S Emam
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - T Engelmore
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Enokizono
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - H En'yo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - B Espagnon
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - S Esumi
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K O Eyser
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Fadem
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - W Fan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - N Feege
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - D E Fields
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - F Fleuret
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S L Fokin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - B Forestier
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - Z Fraenkel
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J E Frantz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Franz
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A D Frawley
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K Fujiwara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Fukao
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S-Y Fung
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - T Fusayasu
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - S Gadrat
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - K Gainey
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - C Gal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Gallus
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - P Garg
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Garishvili
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - I Garishvili
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - F Gastineau
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - H Ge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Germain
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - A Glenn
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - H Gong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - X Gong
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Gonin
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - J Gosset
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Goto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Granier de Cassagnac
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grau
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S V Greene
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Grim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Grosse Perdekamp
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Gunji
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - L Guo
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H-Å Gustafsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Hachiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- Nara Women's University, Kita-uoya Nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Hadj Henni
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes), BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - C Haegemann
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - J S Haggerty
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M N Hagiwara
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K I Hahn
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - H Hamagaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Hamblen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - R Han
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - J Hanks
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Harada
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - E P Hartouni
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K Haruna
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - M Harvey
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Hasegawa
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - T O S Haseler
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - K Hashimoto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - E Haslum
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - K Hasuko
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Hayano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - X He
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Heffner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T K Hemmick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Hester
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J M Heuser
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Hiejima
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J C Hill
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - K Hill
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - R Hobbs
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Hodges
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Hohlmann
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - R S Hollis
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - M Holmes
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - W Holzmann
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - K Homma
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B Hong
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - T Horaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Hori
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - D Hornback
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - N Hotvedt
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Huang
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Huang
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - M G Hur
- KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul 34057, Korea
| | - T Ichihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Ichimiya
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Iinuma
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Ikeda
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Imrek
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - M Inaba
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Inoue
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A Iordanova
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - L Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Ishihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Isobe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Issah
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Isupov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Ivanishchev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - Y Iwanaga
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B V Jacak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Javani
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - Z Ji
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Jia
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - X Jiang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Jin
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - O Jinnouchi
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - B M Johnson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - T Jones
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K S Joo
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D Jouan
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D S Jumper
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - F Kajihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Kametani
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - N Kamihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - J Kamin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Kaneta
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Kaneti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B H Kang
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - J H Kang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J S Kang
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - H Kanou
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - J Kapustinsky
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - K Karatsu
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Kasai
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - T Kawagishi
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - D Kawall
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Kawashima
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A V Kazantsev
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - S Kelly
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - T Kempel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Khanzadeev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - K M Kijima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - J Kikuchi
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - A Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - B I Kim
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - C Kim
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - E Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - E-J Kim
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - H J Kim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - K-B Kim
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y-J Kim
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y K Kim
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - Y-S Kim
- KAERI, Cyclotron Application Laboratory, Seoul 34057, Korea
| | - D Kincses
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - E Kinney
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - K Kiriluk
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Á Kiss
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - E Kistenev
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Kiyomichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Klatsky
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - J Klay
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Klein-Boesing
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Kleinjan
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P Kline
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - L Kochenda
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - V Kochetkov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Y Komatsu
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - B Komkov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - M Konno
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J Koster
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D Kotchetkov
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Kotov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - A Kozlov
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - A Král
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Kravitz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - F Krizek
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - P J Kroon
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Kubart
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - G J Kunde
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Kurgyis
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - N Kurihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Kurita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - M Kurosawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M J Kweon
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Y Kwon
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - G S Kyle
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Lacey
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y S Lai
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J G Lajoie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Layton
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - Y Le Bornec
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - S Leckey
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B Lee
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - D M Lee
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Lee
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - K B Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - M K Lee
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S R Lee
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - T Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M J Leitch
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M A L Leite
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - M Leitgab
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - B Lenzi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - Y H Leung
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B Lewis
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - N A Lewis
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - X Li
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | - X Li
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - X H Li
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | | | - P Liebing
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Lim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S H Lim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - L A Linden Levy
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - T Liška
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Litvinenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - H Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - M X Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Lökös
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
- Eszterházy Károly University, Károly Róbert Campus, H-3200 Gyöngyös, Mátrai út 36, Hungary
| | - B Love
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - D Lynch
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C F Maguire
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - T Majoros
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - Y I Makdisi
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Makek
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Zagreb, Bijenička c. 32, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Malakhov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M D Malik
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Manion
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V I Manko
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - E Mannel
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - Y Mao
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Mašek
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - H Masui
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Masumoto
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - F Matathias
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M C McCain
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - M McCumber
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P L McGaughey
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D McGlinchey
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C McKinney
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - N Means
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Mendoza
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Meredith
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y Miake
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T Mibe
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - A C Mignerey
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D E Mihalik
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Mikeš
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - K Miki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T E Miller
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Milov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - S Mioduszewski
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D K Mishra
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - G C Mishra
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Mishra
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - J T Mitchell
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Mitrovski
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - G Mitsuka
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y Miyachi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Miyasaka
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - A K Mohanty
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - S Mohapatra
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - H J Moon
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - T Moon
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y Morino
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Morreale
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D P Morrison
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S I Morrow
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - J M Moss
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Motschwiller
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - T V Moukhanova
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | | | - T Murakami
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Murata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A Mwai
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T Nagae
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
| | - S Nagamiya
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Nagashima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Y Nagata
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J L Nagle
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M Naglis
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - I Nakagawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y Nakamiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K R Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Nakano
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Nam
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - C Nattrass
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - A Nederlof
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - J Newby
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Nihashi
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Niida
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - B E Norman
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Nouicer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Novák
- Eszterházy Károly University, Károly Róbert Campus, H-3200 Gyöngyös, Mátrai út 36, Hungary
| | - N Novitzky
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A S Nyanin
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - J Nystrand
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - C Oakley
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - E O'Brien
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S X Oda
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C A Ogilvie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Ohnishi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - I D Ojha
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - M Oka
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Okada
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - O O Omiwade
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - Y Onuki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - J D Osborn
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - A Oskarsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - I Otterlund
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Ouchida
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Ozawa
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - R Pak
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Pal
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A P T Palounek
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - V Pantuev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V Papavassiliou
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - B H Park
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - I H Park
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
- Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Korea
| | - J Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S Park
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S K Park
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - W J Park
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - S F Pate
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L Patel
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Patel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Pei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J-C Peng
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - W Peng
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - H Pereira
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D V Perepelitsa
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - V Peresedov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Yu Peressounko
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - C E PerezLara
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - R Petti
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C Pinkenburg
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R P Pisani
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Proissl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M L Purschke
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Purwar
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Qu
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - P V Radzevich
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - J Rak
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Rakotozafindrabe
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | | | - K F Read
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Rembeczki
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - M Reuter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K Reygers
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - D Reynolds
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - V Riabov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - Y Riabov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - E Richardson
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Richford
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - T Rinn
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Roach
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Roche
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - S D Rolnick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A Romana
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Rosati
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - C A Rosen
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S S E Rosendahl
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - P Rosnet
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - Z Rowan
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - P Rukoyatkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - J Runchey
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - P Ružička
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - V L Rykov
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S S Ryu
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - B Sahlmueller
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - N Saito
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sakaguchi
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - S Sakai
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Sakashita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - H Sakata
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - H Sako
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - V Samsonov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - M Sano
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Sano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - M Sarsour
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - H D Sato
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - S Sato
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Sawada
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - B K Schmoll
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - K Sedgwick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Seele
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - R Seidl
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - V Semenov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - A Sen
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Seto
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - T K Shea
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - I Shein
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Shevel
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T-A Shibata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - K Shigaki
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - M Shimomura
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Nara Women's University, Kita-uoya Nishi-machi, Nara 630-8506, Japan
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T Shohjoh
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Shoji
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Shukla
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - A Sickles
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C L Silva
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - D Silvermyr
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C Silvestre
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K S Sim
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - B K Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - C P Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - V Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - M J Skoby
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - S Skutnik
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Slunečka
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - W C Smith
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - A Soldatov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R A Soltz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - W E Sondheim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S P Sorensen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - I V Sourikova
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - F Staley
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P W Stankus
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E Stenlund
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Stepanov
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - A Ster
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S P Stoll
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sugitate
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - C Suire
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - A Sukhanov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J P Sullivan
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - Z Sun
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - J Sziklai
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Tabaru
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Takagi
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - E M Takagui
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - A Takahara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Taketani
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Tanabe
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K H Tanaka
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - S Taneja
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K Tanida
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M J Tannenbaum
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Tarafdar
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - P Tarján
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - E Tennant
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - H Themann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - T L Thomas
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - R Tieulent
- IPNL, CNRS/IN2P3, Univ Lyon, Universit Lyon 1, F-69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - T Todoroki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Togawa
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Toia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Tojo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Tomášek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - M Tomášek
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Y Tomita
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - H Torii
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R S Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - V-N Tram
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - I Tserruya
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Y Tsuchimoto
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Tsuji
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - S K Tuli
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - H Tydesjö
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - N Tyurin
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Y Ueda
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B Ujvari
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - C Vale
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Valle
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - H W van Hecke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Vargyas
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E Vazquez-Zambrano
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Veicht
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Velkovska
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Vértesi
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A A Vinogradov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - M Virius
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Vossen
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - V Vrba
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - E Vznuzdaev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Leningrad region, Russia
| | - M Wagner
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - X R Wang
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Watanabe
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Tomonaga Center for the History of the Universe, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y S Watanabe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - F Wei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Wei
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - J Wessels
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - S N White
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - N Willis
- IPN-Orsay, Université Paris-Sud, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Paris-Saclay, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D Winter
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - S Wolin
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - C P Wong
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - C L Woody
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R M Wright
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Wysocki
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Xie
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C Xu
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - Q Xu
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Y L Yamaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - K Yamaura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - R Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Yanovich
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Z Yasin
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Ying
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Yokkaichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J H Yoo
- Korea University, Seoul 02841, Korea
| | - Z You
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - G R Young
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - I Younus
- Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - H Yu
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - I E Yushmanov
- National Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - W A Zajc
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - O Zaudtke
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - A Zelenski
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Zharko
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - S Zhou
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zimamyi
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Zolin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna 141980, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - L Zou
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Duer M, Schmidt A, Pybus JR, Segarra EP, Hrnjic A, Denniston AW, Weiss R, Hen O, Piasetzky E, Weinstein LB, Barnea N, Korover I, Cohen EO, Hakobyan H, Adhikari S, Angelini G, Battaglieri M, Beck A, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Brooks W, Burkert VD, Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Cortes O, Crede V, Cruz Torres R, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Sanctis E, De Vita R, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dupre R, Duran B, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Filippi A, Forest TA, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hauenstein F, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Joo K, Kabir ML, Keller D, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Laskaris G, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, Markov N, McKinnon B, Mey-Tal Beck S, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Mustapha B, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Patsyuk M, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Schmookler BA, Schumacher RA, Sharabian Y, Skorodumina I, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Wang R, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Zheng X. Direct Observation of Proton-Neutron Short-Range Correlation Dominance in Heavy Nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:172502. [PMID: 31107086 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.172502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Revised: 03/11/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
We measured the triple coincidence A(e,e^{'}np) and A(e,e^{'}pp) reactions on carbon, aluminum, iron, and lead targets at Q^{2}>1.5 (GeV/c)^{2}, x_{B}>1.1 and missing momentum >400 MeV/c. This was the first direct measurement of both proton-proton (pp) and neutron-proton (np) short-range correlated (SRC) pair knockout from heavy asymmetric nuclei. For all measured nuclei, the average proton-proton (pp) to neutron-proton (np) reduced cross-section ratio is about 6%, in agreement with previous indirect measurements. Correcting for single-charge exchange effects decreased the SRC pairs ratio to ∼3%, which is lower than previous results. Comparisons to theoretical generalized contact formalism (GCF) cross-section calculations show good agreement using both phenomenological and chiral nucleon-nucleon potentials, favoring a lower pp to np pair ratio. The ability of the GCF calculation to describe the experimental data using either phenomenological or chiral potentials suggests possible reduction of scale and scheme dependence in cross-section ratios. Our results also support the high-resolution description of high-momentum states being predominantly due to nucleons in SRC pairs.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Duer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Schmidt
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J R Pybus
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E P Segarra
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A Hrnjic
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A W Denniston
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R Weiss
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Hen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Piasetzky
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - N Barnea
- The Racah Institute of Physics, The Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - I Korover
- Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - E O Cohen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | | | | | - A Beck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Cao
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, PO Box 10009, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - O Cortes
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - R Cruz Torres
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucl'eaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Universit'e Paris-Sud, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - Burcu Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Hanretty
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC, 20064, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Laskaris
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Institut de Physique Nucl'eaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Universit'e Paris-Sud, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Mey-Tal Beck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucl'eaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Universit'e Paris-Sud, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - B Mustapha
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucl'eaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Universit'e Paris-Sud, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - K Park
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E Pasyuk
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Patsyuk
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - W Phelps
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B A Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Strauch
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC, 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Universita di Genova, Dipartimento di Fisica, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucl'eaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Universit'e Paris-Sud, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - R Wang
- Institut de Physique Nucl'eaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Universit'e Paris-Sud, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of York, York YO10, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
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17
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Roy P, Park S, Crede V, Anisovich AV, Klempt E, Nikonov VA, Sarantsev AV, Wei NC, Huang F, Nakayama K, Adhikari KP, Adhikari S, Angelini G, Avakian H, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brock J, Brooks WK, Burkert VD, Cao F, Carlin C, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Cortes O, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Dugger M, Dupre R, Duran B, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Fegan S, Filippi A, Fradi A, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hayward TB, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Johnston S, Joosten S, Kabir ML, Keith CD, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khanal A, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuleshov SV, Kunkel MC, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, McKinnon B, Meekins DG, Meyer CA, Mineeva T, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Payette D, Phelps W, Pierce J, Pogorelko O, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Raue BA, Ripani M, Riser D, Ritchie BG, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schumacher RA, Seely ML, Sharabian YG, Shrestha U, Skorodumina I, Sokhan D, Soto O, Sparveris N, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Torayev B, Tyler N, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Wang R, Watts DP, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. First Measurements of the Double-Polarization Observables F, P, and H in ω Photoproduction off Transversely Polarized Protons in the N^{*} Resonance Region. Phys Rev Lett 2019; 122:162301. [PMID: 31075002 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.122.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Revised: 03/12/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
First measurements of double-polarization observables in ω photoproduction off the proton are presented using transverse target polarization and data from the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) FROST experiment at Jefferson Lab. The beam-target asymmetry F has been measured using circularly polarized, tagged photons in the energy range 1200-2700 MeV, and the beam-target asymmetries H and P have been measured using linearly polarized, tagged photons in the energy range 1200-2000 MeV. These measurements significantly increase the database on polarization observables. The results are included in two partial-wave analyses and reveal significant contributions from several nucleon (N^{*}) resonances. In particular, contributions from new N^{*} resonances listed in the Review of Particle Properties are observed, which aid in reaching the goal of mapping out the nucleon resonance spectrum.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Roy
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Park
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A V Anisovich
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," PNPI, 188300, Gatchina, Russia
| | - E Klempt
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - V A Nikonov
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," PNPI, 188300, Gatchina, Russia
| | - A V Sarantsev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
- NRC "Kurchatov Institute," PNPI, 188300, Gatchina, Russia
| | - N C Wei
- Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan 450001, China
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - F Huang
- School of Nuclear Science and Technology, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - K Nakayama
- University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - G Angelini
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - J Brock
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Cao
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Carlin
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - P Chatagnon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
- Lamar University, 4400 MLK Blvd, P.O. Box 10009, Beaumont, Texas 77710, USA
| | | | - O Cortes
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Djalali
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Dugger
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - B Duran
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ehrhart
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - C Hanretty
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T B Hayward
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - S Johnston
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - C D Keith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Khanal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S V Kuleshov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M C Kunkel
- Institut für Kernphysik, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D G Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | | | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Payette
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Phelps
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - J Pierce
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - Y Prok
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - B G Ritchie
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M L Seely
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - U Shrestha
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - O Soto
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- Università di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - B Torayev
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - N Tyler
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - R Wang
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, IN2P3-CNRS, Université Paris-Sud, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- University of York, York YO10, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- University of York, York YO10, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
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18
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Cohen EO, Hen O, Piasetzky E, Weinstein LB, Duer M, Schmidt A, Korover I, Hakobyan H, Adhikari S, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Avakian H, Ball J, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Beck A, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe W, Burkert VD, Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chatagnon P, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clary BA, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, Cruz Torres R, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Defurne M, Deur A, Diehl S, Djalali C, Duer M, Dupre R, Egiyan H, Ehrhart M, El Alaoui A, Fassi LE, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fersch R, Filippi A, Ghandilyan Y, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Hafidi K, Harrison N, Hauenstein F, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Johnston S, Kabir ML, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Korover I, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Marchand D, McKinnon B, Mey-Tal Beck S, Meyer CA, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Mustapha B, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Pasyuk E, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Riser D, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Schmookler BA, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Wang R, Watts DP, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zheng X, Zhao ZW. Center of Mass Motion of Short-Range Correlated Nucleon Pairs studied via the A(e,e^{'}pp) Reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 121:092501. [PMID: 30230869 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.121.092501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Short-range correlated (SRC) nucleon pairs are a vital part of the nucleus, accounting for almost all nucleons with momentum greater than the Fermi momentum (k_{F}). A fundamental characteristic of SRC pairs is having large relative momenta as compared to k_{F}, and smaller center of mass (c.m.) which indicates a small separation distance between the nucleons in the pair. Determining the c.m. momentum distribution of SRC pairs is essential for understanding their formation process. We report here on the extraction of the c.m. motion of proton-proton (pp) SRC pairs in carbon and, for the first time in heavier and ansymetric nuclei: aluminum, iron, and lead, from measurements of the A(e,e^{'}pp) reaction. We find that the pair c.m. motion for these nuclei can be described by a three-dimensional Gaussian with a narrow width ranging from 140 to 170 MeV/c, approximately consistent with the sum of two mean-field nucleon momenta. Comparison with calculations appears to show that the SRC pairs are formed from mean-field nucleons in specific quantum states.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Cohen
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - O Hen
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - E Piasetzky
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Duer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - A Schmidt
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Korover
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - A Beck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- Fairfield University, Fairfield Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Briscoe
- Institute for Nuclear Studies, Department of Physics, The George Washington University, Washington DC 20052, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Cao
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Pierre Chatagnon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - R Cruz Torres
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Diehl
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Duer
- School of Physics and Astronomy, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Mathieu Ehrhart
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Hauenstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - S Johnston
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - I Korover
- Nuclear Research Centre Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - D Marchand
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Mey-Tal Beck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - B Mustapha
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - B A Schmookler
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - R Wang
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708-0305, USA
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19
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Adhikari KP, Deur A, El Fassi L, Kang H, Kuhn SE, Ripani M, Slifer K, Zheng X, Adhikari S, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Avakian H, Ball J, Balossino I, Barion L, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Bosted P, Briscoe WJ, Brock J, Bültmann S, Burkert VD, Thanh Cao F, Carlin C, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chen JP, Chetry T, Choi S, Ciullo G, Clark L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Defurne M, Djalali C, Dodge GE, Drozdov V, Dupre R, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Filippi A, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guler N, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jo HS, Johnston SC, Joo K, Joosten S, Kabir ML, Keith CD, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khandaker M, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Konczykowski P, Kovacs K, Kubarovsky V, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Long E, MacGregor IJD, Markov N, Mayer M, McKinnon B, Meekins DG, Meyer CA, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niculescu G, Niccolai S, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Pappalardo L, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Payette D, Phelps W, Phillips SK, Pierce J, Pogorelko O, Poudel J, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Raue BA, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schumacher RA, Sharabian YG, Shigeyuki T, Simonyan A, Skorodumina I, Smith GD, Sparveris N, Sokhan D, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Sulkosky V, Taiuti M, Tan JA, Ungaro M, Voutier E, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Measurement of the Q^{2} Dependence of the Deuteron Spin Structure Function g_{1} and its Moments at Low Q^{2} with CLAS. Phys Rev Lett 2018; 120:062501. [PMID: 29481214 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.120.062501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Revised: 12/05/2017] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
We measured the g_{1} spin structure function of the deuteron at low Q^{2}, where QCD can be approximated with chiral perturbation theory (χPT). The data cover the resonance region, up to an invariant mass of W≈1.9 GeV. The generalized Gerasimov-Drell-Hearn sum, the moment Γ_{1}^{d} and the spin polarizability γ_{0}^{d} are precisely determined down to a minimum Q^{2} of 0.02 GeV^{2} for the first time, about 2.5 times lower than that of previous data. We compare them to several χPT calculations and models. These results are the first in a program of benchmark measurements of polarization observables in the χPT domain.
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Affiliation(s)
- K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - H Kang
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - K Slifer
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - I Balossino
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Barion
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - P Bosted
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - J Brock
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Thanh Cao
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - C Carlin
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - S Choi
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P L Cole
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - M Defurne
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G E Dodge
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Drozdov
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - N Guler
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Guo
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - C Hanretty
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - S C Johnston
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M L Kabir
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - C D Keith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - P Konczykowski
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Kovacs
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - E Long
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | | | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D G Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - L Pappalardo
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
- Università di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - K Park
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - D Payette
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S K Phillips
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - J Pierce
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - J Poudel
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - B A Raue
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Sabatié
- IRFU, CEA, Universit'e Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Shigeyuki
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - A Simonyan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - G D Smith
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
- Università di Genova, Dipartimento di Fisica, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - J A Tan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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Hattawy M, Baltzell NA, Dupré R, Hafidi K, Stepanyan S, Bültmann S, De Vita R, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Egiyan H, Girod FX, Guidal M, Jenkins D, Liuti S, Perrin Y, Torayev B, Voutier E, Adhikari KP, Adhikari S, Adikaram D, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Anefalos Pereira S, Armstrong WR, Avakian H, Ball J, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Batourine V, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Burkert VD, Thanh Cao F, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Cortes O, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Djalali C, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Fersch R, Filippi A, Fleming JA, Forest TA, Fradi A, Garçon M, Gevorgyan N, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Gleason C, Gohn W, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jiang H, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khachatryan M, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Kuleshov SV, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, Markov N, Mayer M, McCracken ME, McKinnon B, Meyer CA, Meziani ZE, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Moutarde H, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Net LA, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Phelps E, Phelps W, Pisano S, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Ritchie BG, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schumacher RA, Seder E, Sharabian YG, Simonyan A, Skorodumina I, Smith GD, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Walford NK, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zana L, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. First Exclusive Measurement of Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering off ^{4}He: Toward the 3D Tomography of Nuclei. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 119:202004. [PMID: 29219329 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.119.202004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report on the first measurement of the beam-spin asymmetry in the exclusive process of coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering off a nucleus. The experiment uses the 6 GeV electron beam from the Continuous Electron Beam Accelerator Facility (CEBAF) accelerator at Jefferson Lab incident on a pressurized ^{4}He gaseous target placed in front of the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS). The scattered electron is detected by CLAS and the photon by a dedicated electromagnetic calorimeter at forward angles. To ensure the exclusivity of the process, a specially designed radial time projection chamber is used to detect the recoiling ^{4}He nuclei. We measure beam-spin asymmetries larger than those observed on the free proton in the same kinematic domain. From these, we are able to extract, in a model-independent way, the real and imaginary parts of the only ^{4}He Compton form factor, H_{A}. This first measurement of coherent deeply virtual Compton scattering on the ^{4}He nucleus, with a fully exclusive final state via nuclear recoil tagging, leads the way toward 3D imaging of the partonic structure of nuclei.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - N A Baltzell
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Dupré
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - S Liuti
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Y Perrin
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - B Torayev
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, 38026 Grenoble, France
| | - K P Adhikari
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762-5167, USA
| | - S Adhikari
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | | | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Bashkanov
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | | | - V Batourine
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- Universita' di Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - L Colaneri
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | | | - O Cortes
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - J A Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - M Garçon
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - C Gleason
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - W Gohn
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Hanretty
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - S M Hughes
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H Jiang
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Keller
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khachatryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S V Kuleshov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L Lanza
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Y Lu
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M E McCracken
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - H Moutarde
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L A Net
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - I Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K Park
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Phelps
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Pisano
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - B G Ritchie
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Seder
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Simonyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G D Smith
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Sokhan
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- Università di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - M Ungaro
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, DC 20064, USA
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - L Zana
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
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Ho D, Peng P, Bass C, Collins P, D'Angelo A, Deur A, Fleming J, Hanretty C, Kageya T, Khandaker M, Klein FJ, Klempt E, Laine V, Lowry MM, Lu H, Nepali C, Nikonov VA, O'Connell T, Sandorfi AM, Sarantsev AV, Schumacher RA, Strakovsky II, Švarc A, Walford NK, Wei X, Whisnant CS, Workman RL, Zonta I, Adhikari KP, Adikaram D, Akbar Z, Amaryan MJ, Anefalos Pereira S, Avakian H, Ball J, Bashkanov M, Battaglieri M, Batourine V, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli A, Briscoe WJ, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Celentano A, Charles G, Chetry T, Ciullo G, Clark L, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, Dashyan N, De Sanctis E, De Vita R, Djalali C, Dupre R, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Fersch R, Filippi A, Fradi A, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Girod FX, Glazier DI, Gleason C, Gohn W, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guidal M, Guo L, Hakobyan H, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jenkins D, Jiang H, Jo HS, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Kubarovsky V, Kuleshov SV, Lanza L, Lenisa P, Livingston K, MacGregor IJD, Markov N, McKinnon B, Mineeva T, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Murdoch G, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Paolone M, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Pasyuk E, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Procureur S, Protopopescu D, Ripani M, Riser D, Ritchie BG, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Sharabian YG, Skorodumina I, Smith GD, Sober DI, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Strauch S, Tian Y, Torayev B, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Watts DP, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW. Beam-Target Helicity Asymmetry for γ[over →]n[over →]→π^{-}p in the N^{*} Resonance Region. Phys Rev Lett 2017; 118:242002. [PMID: 28665642 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.242002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report the first beam-target double-polarization asymmetries in the γ+n(p)→π^{-}+p(p) reaction spanning the nucleon resonance region from invariant mass W=1500 to 2300 MeV. Circularly polarized photons and longitudinally polarized deuterons in solid hydrogen deuteride (HD) have been used with the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer (CLAS) at Jefferson Lab. The exclusive final state has been extracted using three very different analyses that show excellent agreement, and these have been used to deduce the E polarization observable for an effective neutron target. These results have been incorporated into new partial wave analyses and have led to significant revisions for several γnN^{*} resonance photocouplings.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Ho
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - P Peng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - C Bass
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Collins
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" and INFN Sezione di Roma2, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - C Hanretty
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | - T Kageya
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - F J Klein
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E Klempt
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
| | - V Laine
- Université Blaise Pascal, Clermont-Ferrand, Aubière Cedex 63178 , France
| | - M M Lowry
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Lu
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
- University of Iowa, Iowa City, Iowa 52242, USA
| | - C Nepali
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V A Nikonov
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - T O'Connell
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A M Sandorfi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A V Sarantsev
- Helmholtz-Institut für Strahlen- und Kernphysik, Universität Bonn, 53113 Bonn, Germany
- Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina 188300, Russia
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - A Švarc
- Rudjer Bošković Institute, Zagreb 10002, Croatia
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C S Whisnant
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - R L Workman
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - I Zonta
- Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" and INFN Sezione di Roma2, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Z Akbar
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | - M Bashkanov
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | | | - V Batourine
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - G Charles
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | - T Chetry
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - G Ciullo
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Universita' di Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - L Clark
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - L Colaneri
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - M Contalbrigo
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Universita' di Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, Frascati 00044, Italy
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- Mississippi State University, Mississippi State, Mississippi 39762, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R Fersch
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino 10125, Italy
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D I Glazier
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C Gleason
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - W Gohn
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - N Harrison
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - S M Hughes
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - H Jiang
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
| | | | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 41566, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S V Kuleshov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L Lanza
- Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" and INFN Sezione di Roma2, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Universita' di Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - T Mineeva
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - A Movsisyan
- INFN Sezione di Ferrara and Universita' di Ferrara, Ferrara 44121, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - G Murdoch
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Paremuzyan
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - K Park
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - S Procureur
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | | | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, Genova 16146, Italy
| | - D Riser
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - B G Ritchie
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287, USA
| | - A Rizzo
- Università di Roma "Tor Vergata" and INFN Sezione di Roma2, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - F Sabatié
- Irfu/SPhN, CEA, Université Paris-Saclay, Gif-sur-Yvette 91191 , France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G D Smith
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - D I Sober
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - Ye Tian
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - B Torayev
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS-IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay 91406, France
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3FD, United Kingdom
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, USA
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22
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Jo HS, Girod FX, Avakian H, Burkert VD, Garçon M, Guidal M, Kubarovsky V, Niccolai S, Stoler P, Adhikari KP, Adikaram D, Amaryan MJ, Anderson MD, Anefalos Pereira S, Ball J, Baltzell NA, Battaglieri M, Batourine V, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chandavar S, Charles G, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Compton N, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Djalali C, Dupre R, Alaoui AE, Fassi LE, Elouadrhiri L, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Filippi A, Fleming JA, Garillon B, Gevorgyan N, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Goetz JT, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guegan B, Guler N, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hicks K, Hirlinger Saylor N, Ho D, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Jenkins D, Joo K, Joosten S, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Kuhn SE, Kuleshov SV, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, McKinnon B, Meziani ZE, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Moutarde H, Movsisyan A, Munevar E, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Net LA, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Park K, Pasyuk E, Phillips JJ, Pisano S, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Procureur S, Prok Y, Puckett AJR, Raue BA, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Roy P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schott D, Schumacher RA, Seder E, Simonyan A, Skorodumina I, Smith GD, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Sytnik V, Tian Y, Tkachenko S, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zana L, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Zonta I. Cross Sections for the Exclusive Photon Electroproduction on the Proton and Generalized Parton Distributions. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:212003. [PMID: 26636848 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.212003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Unpolarized and beam-polarized fourfold cross sections (d^{4}σ/dQ^{2}dx_{B}dtdϕ) for the ep→e^{'}p^{'}γ reaction were measured using the CLAS detector and the 5.75-GeV polarized electron beam of the Jefferson Lab accelerator, for 110 (Q^{2},x_{B},t) bins over the widest phase space ever explored in the valence-quark region. Several models of generalized parton distributions (GPDs) describe the data well at most of our kinematics. This increases our confidence that we understand the GPD H, expected to be the dominant contributor to these observables. Through a leading-twist extraction of Compton form factors, these results support the model predictions of a larger nucleon size at lower quark-momentum fraction x_{B}.
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Affiliation(s)
- H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Garçon
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - P Stoler
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Adikaram
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M D Anderson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - J Ball
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N A Baltzell
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - V Batourine
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - G Charles
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - L Colaneri
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - N Compton
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Fegan
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - J A Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - B Garillon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - J T Goetz
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - B Guegan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - N Guler
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Guo
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N Harrison
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | | | - D Ho
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - S M Hughes
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khandaker
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S V Kuleshov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Y Lu
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - Z E Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R A Montgomery
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - H Moutarde
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - E Munevar
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - L A Net
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - K Park
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J J Phillips
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Pisano
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - S Procureur
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Prok
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - P Roy
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - D Schott
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Seder
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - A Simonyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Iu Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G D Smith
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - V Sytnik
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Ye Tian
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Tkachenko
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - L Zana
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - I Zonta
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
- Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Alfred M, Al-Ta'ani H, Andrews KR, Angerami A, Aoki K, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Appelt E, Aramaki Y, Armendariz R, Aronson SH, Asai J, Asano H, Aschenauer EC, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Bandara NS, Bannier B, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Beaumier M, Beckman S, Belikov S, Belmont R, Ben-Benjamin J, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bhom JH, Bickley AA, Blau DS, Boissevain JG, Bok JS, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Broxmeyer D, Bryslawskyj J, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Caringi A, Castera P, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chen CH, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiba J, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cleven CR, Cole BA, Comets MP, Conesa del Valle Z, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Danley D, Das K, Datta A, Daugherity MS, David G, Dayananda MK, Deaton MB, DeBlasio K, Dehmelt K, Delagrange H, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dharmawardane KV, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Diss PB, Do JH, Donadelli M, D'Orazio L, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Egdemir J, Ellinghaus F, Emam WS, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Feege N, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Gadrat S, Gal C, Gallus P, Garg P, Garishvili I, Ge H, Giordano F, Glenn A, Gong H, Gong X, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grim G, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gu Y, Gunji T, Guo L, Gustafsson HÅ, Hachiya T, Hadj Henni A, Haegemann C, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hamilton HF, Han R, Han SY, Hanks J, Harada H, Harper C, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Hasegawa S, Haseler TOS, Hashimoto K, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hiejima H, Hill JC, Hobbs R, Hohlmann M, Hollis RS, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hori Y, Hornback D, Hoshino T, Hotvedt N, Huang J, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Inoue Y, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Isenhower L, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanishchev D, Iwanaga Y, Jacak BV, Jezghani M, Jia J, Jiang X, Jin J, Jinnouchi O, John D, Johnson BM, Jones T, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kanda S, Kaneta M, Kaneti S, Kang BH, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kanou H, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kasai M, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Key JA, Khachatryan V, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim A, Kim BI, Kim C, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim GW, Kim M, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kimelman B, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Kitamura R, Kiyomichi A, Klatsky J, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Koblesky T, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kotov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kubart J, Kunde GJ, Kurihara N, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee KS, Lee MK, Lee S, Lee SH, Lee SR, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Lenzi B, Li X, Lichtenwalner P, Liebing P, Lim SH, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Love B, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Mašek L, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Means N, Meles A, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mibe T, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Miller TE, Milov A, Mioduszewski S, Mishra DK, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mitrovski M, Miyachi Y, Miyasaka S, Mizuno S, Mohanty AK, Montuenga P, Moon HJ, Moon T, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Motschwiller S, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murakami T, Murata J, Mwai A, Nagamiya S, Nagashima K, Nagata Y, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakagomi H, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura KR, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nam S, Nattrass C, Netrakanti PK, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nihashi M, Niida T, Nishimura S, Norman BE, Nouicer R, Novak T, Novitzky N, Nyanin AS, Oakley C, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Ohnishi H, Oka M, Okada K, Omiwade OO, Onuki Y, Orjuela Koop JD, Osborn JD, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pal D, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park BH, Park IH, Park J, Park JS, Park S, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Patel L, Patel M, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Perepelitsa DV, Perera GDN, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Perry J, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pinson R, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ramson BJ, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reuter M, Reygers K, Reynolds D, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Rinn T, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Romana A, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rowan Z, Rubin JG, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Sakata H, Sako H, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sarsour M, Sato S, Sato T, Savastio M, Sawada S, Schaefer B, Schmoll BK, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Sen A, Seto R, Sett P, Sexton A, Sharma D, Shein I, Shevel A, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shim HH, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Skutnik S, Slunečka M, Snowball M, Sodre T, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sumita T, Sun J, Sziklai J, Tabaru T, Takagi S, Takagui EM, Takahara A, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Taneja S, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Tennant E, Themann H, Thomas D, Thomas TL, Tieulent R, Timilsina A, Todoroki T, Togawa M, Toia A, Tojo J, Tomášek L, Tomášek M, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell CL, Towell R, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Utsunomiya K, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vossen A, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wagner M, Walker D, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Watanabe YS, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White AS, White SN, Winter D, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xia B, Xie W, Xue L, Yalcin S, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Yasin Z, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Yoo JH, Yoo JS, Yoon I, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yu H, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zelenski A, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zimamyi J, Zolin L, Zou L. Measurements of Elliptic and Triangular Flow in High-Multiplicity 3He+Au Collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 115:142301. [PMID: 26551807 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.115.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
We present the first measurement of elliptic (v(2)) and triangular (v(3)) flow in high-multiplicity (3)He+Au collisions at √(s(NN))=200 GeV. Two-particle correlations, where the particles have a large separation in pseudorapidity, are compared in (3)He+Au and in p+p collisions and indicate that collective effects dominate the second and third Fourier components for the correlations observed in the (3)He+Au system. The collective behavior is quantified in terms of elliptic v(2) and triangular v(3) anisotropy coefficients measured with respect to their corresponding event planes. The v(2) values are comparable to those previously measured in d+Au collisions at the same nucleon-nucleon center-of-mass energy. Comparisons with various theoretical predictions are made, including to models where the hot spots created by the impact of the three (3)He nucleons on the Au nucleus expand hydrodynamically to generate the triangular flow. The agreement of these models with data may indicate the formation of low-viscosity quark-gluon plasma even in these small collision systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Afanasiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - C Aidala
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - N N Ajitanand
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y Akiba
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Akimoto
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H Al-Bataineh
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - J Alexander
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Alfred
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Howard University, Washington, DC 20059, USA
| | - H Al-Ta'ani
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - K R Andrews
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - A Angerami
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - K Aoki
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Apadula
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - L Aphecetche
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes) BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - E Appelt
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Y Aramaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - R Armendariz
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - S H Aronson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Asai
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Asano
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - E C Aschenauer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - E T Atomssa
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - R Averbeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T C Awes
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Azmoun
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Babintsev
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M Bai
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - L Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - A Baldisseri
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N S Bandara
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - B Bannier
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K N Barish
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P D Barnes
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Bassalleck
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A T Basye
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - S Bathe
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Batsouli
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - V Baublis
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - C Baumann
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - A Bazilevsky
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Beaumier
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - S Beckman
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Belikov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Belmont
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - J Ben-Benjamin
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - R Bennett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Y Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - J H Bhom
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - A A Bickley
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - D S Blau
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - J G Boissevain
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J S Bok
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - H Borel
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Boyle
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M L Brooks
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D Broxmeyer
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - J Bryslawskyj
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - H Buesching
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Bumazhnov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Bunce
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Butsyk
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C M Camacho
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Campbell
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Caringi
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - P Castera
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B S Chang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - W C Chang
- Institute of Physics, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan
| | - J-L Charvet
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C-H Chen
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Chernichenko
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - C Y Chi
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J Chiba
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - M Chiu
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - I J Choi
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J B Choi
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - R K Choudhury
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - P Christiansen
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Chujo
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - P Chung
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - A Churyn
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - O Chvala
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - V Cianciolo
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Z Citron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - C R Cleven
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - B A Cole
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M P Comets
- IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - Z Conesa del Valle
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Connors
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Constantin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - T Csörgő
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Dahms
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Dairaku
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - I Danchev
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - D Danley
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - K Das
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Datta
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | | | - G David
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M K Dayananda
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M B Deaton
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K DeBlasio
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - K Dehmelt
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Delagrange
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes) BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - A Denisov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D d'Enterria
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Deshpande
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - E J Desmond
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - O Dietzsch
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - A Dion
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P B Diss
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - J H Do
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - M Donadelli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - L D'Orazio
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - O Drapier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Drees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K A Drees
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Dubey
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J M Durham
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Durum
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D Dutta
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - V Dzhordzhadze
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - S Edwards
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Y V Efremenko
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - J Egdemir
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - F Ellinghaus
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - W S Emam
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - T Engelmore
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Enokizono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - H En'yo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Esumi
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K O Eyser
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Fadem
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - N Feege
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - D E Fields
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - F Fleuret
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S L Fokin
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Z Fraenkel
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J E Frantz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Franz
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A D Frawley
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K Fujiwara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Fukao
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Fusayasu
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - S Gadrat
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - C Gal
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P Gallus
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - P Garg
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - I Garishvili
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - H Ge
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - F Giordano
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Glenn
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H Gong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - X Gong
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Gonin
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - J Gosset
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Goto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Granier de Cassagnac
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grau
- Department of Physics, Augustana University, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - S V Greene
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Grim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Grosse Perdekamp
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y Gu
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Gunji
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - L Guo
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H-Å Gustafsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Hachiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Hadj Henni
- SUBATECH (Ecole des Mines de Nantes, CNRS-IN2P3, Université de Nantes) BP 20722-44307 Nantes, France
| | - C Haegemann
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - J S Haggerty
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - K I Hahn
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - H Hamagaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Hamblen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - H F Hamilton
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - R Han
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - S Y Han
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J Hanks
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - H Harada
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - C Harper
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - E P Hartouni
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - K Haruna
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - S Hasegawa
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - T O S Haseler
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - K Hashimoto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - E Haslum
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - R Hayano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - X He
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Heffner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T K Hemmick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Hester
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - H Hiejima
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J C Hill
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Hobbs
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - M Hohlmann
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - R S Hollis
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - W Holzmann
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - K Homma
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B Hong
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - T Horaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Hori
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - D Hornback
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - T Hoshino
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - N Hotvedt
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J Huang
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Huang
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - T Ichihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Ichimiya
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Iinuma
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Ikeda
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Imrek
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - M Inaba
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Inoue
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A Iordanova
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - L Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Ishihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Isobe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Issah
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Isupov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Ivanishchev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - Y Iwanaga
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B V Jacak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Jezghani
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - J Jia
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - X Jiang
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Jin
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - O Jinnouchi
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D John
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - B M Johnson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Jones
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - K S Joo
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D Jouan
- IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D S Jumper
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - F Kajihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - S Kametani
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - N Kamihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Kamin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Kanda
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - M Kaneta
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Kaneti
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - B H Kang
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - J H Kang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J S Kang
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - H Kanou
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - J Kapustinsky
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - K Karatsu
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Kasai
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - D Kawall
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Kawashima
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A V Kazantsev
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - T Kempel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J A Key
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - V Khachatryan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Khanzadeev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - K M Kijima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - J Kikuchi
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - A Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - B I Kim
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - C Kim
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - E Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - E-J Kim
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - G W Kim
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - M Kim
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y-J Kim
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y K Kim
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - B Kimelman
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - E Kinney
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - K Kiriluk
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - Á Kiss
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
| | - E Kistenev
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Kitamura
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Kiyomichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Klatsky
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - J Klay
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - C Klein-Boesing
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - D Kleinjan
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P Kline
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - T Koblesky
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - L Kochenda
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - V Kochetkov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - B Komkov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - M Konno
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J Koster
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D Kotchetkov
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Kotov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - A Kozlov
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - A Král
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Kravitz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J Kubart
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - G J Kunde
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - N Kurihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Kurita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - M Kurosawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M J Kweon
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - Y Kwon
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - G S Kyle
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Lacey
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y S Lai
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J G Lajoie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Layton
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D M Lee
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Lee
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - K B Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - M K Lee
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - S Lee
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - S H Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S R Lee
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju 561-756, Korea
| | - T Lee
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M J Leitch
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M A L Leite
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - B Lenzi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - X Li
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | | | - P Liebing
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S H Lim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | | | - T Liška
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Litvinenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - H Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - M X Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Love
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - D Lynch
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C F Maguire
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Y I Makdisi
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Makek
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Physics, Bijenička 32, HR-10002 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - A Malakhov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M D Malik
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Manion
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V I Manko
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - E Mannel
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - Y Mao
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Mašek
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - H Masui
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - F Matathias
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M McCumber
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - P L McGaughey
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - D McGlinchey
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - C McKinney
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - N Means
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A Meles
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - M Mendoza
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Meredith
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y Miake
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T Mibe
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - A C Mignerey
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - P Mikeš
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - K Miki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - T E Miller
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Milov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - S Mioduszewski
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D K Mishra
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - M Mishra
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - J T Mitchell
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Mitrovski
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y Miyachi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Miyasaka
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Mizuno
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - A K Mohanty
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - P Montuenga
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - H J Moon
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - T Moon
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y Morino
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Morreale
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D P Morrison
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Motschwiller
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - T V Moukhanova
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | | | - T Murakami
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Murata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A Mwai
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - S Nagamiya
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Nagashima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - Y Nagata
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J L Nagle
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M Naglis
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány P. s. 1/A, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - I Nakagawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Nakagomi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Nakamiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K R Nakamura
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Nakano
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - S Nam
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - C Nattrass
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | | | - J Newby
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M Nihashi
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Niida
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Nishimura
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - B E Norman
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - R Nouicer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Novak
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - N Novitzky
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - A S Nyanin
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - C Oakley
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - E O'Brien
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S X Oda
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C A Ogilvie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Ohnishi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Oka
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Okada
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - O O Omiwade
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - Y Onuki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | | | - J D Osborn
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - A Oskarsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Ouchida
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Ozawa
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - R Pak
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Pal
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A P T Palounek
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - V Pantuev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - V Papavassiliou
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - B H Park
- Hanyang University, Seoul 133-792, Korea
| | - I H Park
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - J S Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S Park
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S K Park
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - W J Park
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - S F Pate
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - L Patel
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Patel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Pei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J-C Peng
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - H Pereira
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D V Perepelitsa
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G D N Perera
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - V Peresedov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Yu Peressounko
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - J Perry
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Petti
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C Pinkenburg
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Pinson
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - R P Pisani
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Proissl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - M L Purschke
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Purwar
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H Qu
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - J Rak
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O.Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Rakotozafindrabe
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - B J Ramson
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | | | - K F Read
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Rembeczki
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - M Reuter
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K Reygers
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - D Reynolds
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - V Riabov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - Y Riabov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - E Richardson
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - T Rinn
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D Roach
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Roche
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - S D Rolnick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - A Romana
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - M Rosati
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - C A Rosen
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S S E Rosendahl
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - P Rosnet
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - Z Rowan
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010, USA
| | - J G Rubin
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - P Rukoyatkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - P Ružička
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - V L Rykov
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - B Sahlmueller
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - N Saito
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sakaguchi
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Sakai
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Sakashita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - H Sakata
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - H Sako
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
| | - V Samsonov
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - S Sano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - M Sarsour
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Sato
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Savastio
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - S Sawada
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - B Schaefer
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - B K Schmoll
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - K Sedgwick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Seele
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - R Seidl
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - V Semenov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia
| | - A Sen
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - R Seto
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - P Sett
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - A Sexton
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Sharma
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - I Shein
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Shevel
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T-A Shibata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - K Shigaki
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - H H Shim
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - M Shimomura
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Shoji
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Shukla
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - A Sickles
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - C L Silva
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - D Silvermyr
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C Silvestre
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K S Sim
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - B K Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - C P Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - V Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - S Skutnik
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Slunečka
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36 Prague, Czech Republic
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M Snowball
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - T Sodre
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - A Soldatov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - R A Soltz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - W E Sondheim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S P Sorensen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - I V Sourikova
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - F Staley
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - P W Stankus
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E Stenlund
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Stepanov
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - A Ster
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - S P Stoll
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sugitate
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - C Suire
- IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - A Sukhanov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sumita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Sun
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Sziklai
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Tabaru
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Takagi
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - E M Takagui
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - A Takahara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Taketani
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Tanabe
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - S Taneja
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - K Tanida
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - M J Tannenbaum
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Tarafdar
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - A Taranenko
- National Research Nuclear University, MEPhI, Moscow Engineering Physics Institute, Moscow 115409, Russia
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - P Tarján
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - E Tennant
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - H Themann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - D Thomas
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - T L Thomas
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - R Tieulent
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - A Timilsina
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - T Todoroki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Togawa
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Toia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - J Tojo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - L Tomášek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - M Tomášek
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - Y Tomita
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - H Torii
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - C L Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - R Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - R S Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - V-N Tram
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - I Tserruya
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Y Tsuchimoto
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Utsunomiya
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C Vale
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Valle
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - H W van Hecke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - E Vazquez-Zambrano
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Veicht
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Velkovska
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Vértesi
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A A Vinogradov
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - M Virius
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Vossen
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - V Vrba
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - E Vznuzdaev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad region 188300, Russia
| | - M Wagner
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Walker
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - X R Wang
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Watanabe
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Center for Integrated Research in Fundamental Science and Engineering, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y S Watanabe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - F Wei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Wei
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - J Wessels
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - A S White
- Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - S N White
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Winter
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - C L Woody
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R M Wright
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Wysocki
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Xia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Xie
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - L Xue
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Yalcin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
| | - Y L Yamaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3800, USA
- Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - K Yamaura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - R Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Yanovich
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - Z Yasin
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Ying
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Yokkaichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J H Yoo
- Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea
| | - J S Yoo
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - I Yoon
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - Z You
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - G R Young
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - I Younus
- Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - H Yu
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - I E Yushmanov
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute", Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - W A Zajc
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - O Zaudtke
- Institut für Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - A Zelenski
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Zhou
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | - J Zimamyi
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, POBox 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - L Zolin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - L Zou
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
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Adikaram D, Rimal D, Weinstein LB, Raue B, Khetarpal P, Bennett RP, Arrington J, Brooks WK, Adhikari KP, Afanasev AV, Amaryan MJ, Anderson MD, Anefalos Pereira S, Avakian H, Ball J, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Bono J, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Careccia S, Celentano A, Chandavar S, Charles G, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Djalali C, Dodge GE, Dupre R, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Filippi A, Fleming JA, Fradi A, Garillon B, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Goetz JT, Gohn W, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guegan B, Guidal M, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Jenkins D, Jiang H, Jo HS, Joo K, Joosten S, Kalantarians N, Keller D, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Koirala S, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, Markov N, Mattione P, Mayer M, McKinnon B, Mestayer MD, Meyer CA, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Moody CI, Moutarde H, Movsisyan A, Camacho CM, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Park K, Pasyuk E, Peña C, Pisano S, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Procureur S, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Puckett AJR, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Roy P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schott D, Schumacher RA, Seder E, Sharabian YG, Simonyan A, Skorodumina I, Smith ES, Smith GD, Sober DI, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Stoler P, Strauch S, Sytnik V, Taiuti M, Tian Y, Trivedi A, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Watts DP, Wei X, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zana L, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Zonta I. Towards a resolution of the proton form factor problem: new electron and positron scattering data. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:062003. [PMID: 25723209 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.062003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
There is a significant discrepancy between the values of the proton electric form factor, G(E)(p), extracted using unpolarized and polarized electron scattering. Calculations predict that small two-photon exchange (TPE) contributions can significantly affect the extraction of G(E)(p) from the unpolarized electron-proton cross sections. We determined the TPE contribution by measuring the ratio of positron-proton to electron-proton elastic scattering cross sections using a simultaneous, tertiary electron-positron beam incident on a liquid hydrogen target and detecting the scattered particles in the Jefferson Lab CLAS detector. This novel technique allowed us to cover a wide range in virtual photon polarization (ϵ) and momentum transfer (Q(2)) simultaneously, as well as to cancel luminosity-related systematic errors. The cross section ratio increases with decreasing ϵ at Q(2)=1.45 GeV(2). This measurement is consistent with the size of the form factor discrepancy at Q(2)≈1.75 GeV(2) and with hadronic calculations including nucleon and Δ intermediate states, which have been shown to resolve the discrepancy up to 2-3 GeV(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- D Adikaram
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Rimal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - P Khetarpal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - R P Bennett
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - J Arrington
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A V Afanasev
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M D Anderson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Ball
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - J Bono
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Careccia
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - G Charles
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - L Colaneri
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy and Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy and Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G E Dodge
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA and Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA and Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - L El Fassi
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA and Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Fegan
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy and University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, sez. di Torino, 10125 Torino, Italy
| | - J A Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - B Garillon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J T Goetz
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Gohn
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - B Guegan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile and Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Hanretty
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Harrison
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - S M Hughes
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - D Jenkins
- Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061-0435, USA
| | - H Jiang
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N Kalantarians
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA and Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - S Koirala
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Y Lu
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - P Mattione
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - M D Mestayer
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R A Montgomery
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - C I Moody
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Moutarde
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - C Munoz Camacho
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K Park
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Peña
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - S Pisano
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy and Institut de Physique Nucléaire, CNRS/IN2P3 and Université Paris Sud, Orsay, France
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - S Procureur
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA and Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy and Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Roy
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - D Schott
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA and The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Seder
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - Y G Sharabian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Simonyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - I Skorodumina
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - E S Smith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - G D Smith
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom and University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D I Sober
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Stoler
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - V Sytnik
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Taiuti
- Università di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - Ye Tian
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - A Trivedi
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - L Zana
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA and Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - I Zonta
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy and Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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25
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Seder E, Biselli A, Pisano S, Niccolai S, Smith GD, Joo K, Adhikari K, Amaryan MJ, Anderson MD, Anefalos Pereira S, Avakian H, Battaglieri M, Bedlinskiy I, Bono J, Boiarinov S, Bosted P, Briscoe W, Brock J, Brooks WK, Bültmann S, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Carlin C, Celentano A, Chandavar S, Charles G, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crabb D, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Djalali C, Doughty D, Dupre R, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Filippi A, Fleming JA, Fradi A, Garillon B, Garçon M, Gevorgyan N, Ghandilyan Y, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Goetz JT, Gohn W, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guegan B, Guidal M, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Harrison N, Hattawy M, Hirlinger Saylor N, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Joosten S, Keith CD, Keller D, Khachatryan G, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Klein A, Klein FJ, Koirala S, Kubarovsky V, Kuhn SE, Lenisa P, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, Markov N, Mayer M, McKinnon B, Meekins DG, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery R, Moody CI, Moutarde H, Movsisyan A, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niculescu I, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Paolone M, Pappalardo LL, Park K, Park S, Pasyuk E, Peng P, Phelps W, Pogorelko O, Price JW, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Puckett AJR, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Rossi P, Roy P, Sabatié F, Salgado C, Schott D, Schumacher RA, Senderovich I, Simonyan A, Skorodumina I, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan S, Stoler P, Strakovsky II, Strauch S, Sytnik V, Taiuti M, Tang W, Tian Y, Ungaro M, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zana L, Zhang J, Zonta I. Longitudinal target-spin asymmetries for deeply virtual compton scattering. Phys Rev Lett 2015; 114:032001. [PMID: 25658994 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.114.032001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
A measurement of the electroproduction of photons off protons in the deeply inelastic regime was performed at Jefferson Lab using a nearly 6 GeV electron beam, a longitudinally polarized proton target, and the CEBAF Large Acceptance Spectrometer. Target-spin asymmetries for ep→e^{'}p^{'}γ events, which arise from the interference of the deeply virtual Compton scattering and the Bethe-Heitler processes, were extracted over the widest kinematics in Q^{2}, x_{B}, t, and ϕ, for 166 four-dimensional bins. In the framework of generalized parton distributions, at leading twist the t dependence of these asymmetries provides insight into the spatial distribution of the axial charge of the proton, which appears to be concentrated in its center. These results also bring important and necessary constraints for the existing parametrizations of chiral-even generalized parton distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Seder
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA and CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Pisano
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy and Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - G D Smith
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom and Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - K Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M D Anderson
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | | | - H Avakian
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J Bono
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Bosted
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - W Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - J Brock
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - S Bültmann
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Carlin
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - G Charles
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - L Colaneri
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | | | - D Crabb
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - V Crede
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy and Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Doughty
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France and Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA and Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom and INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Filippi
- INFN, Sezione di Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - J A Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - B Garillon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - M Garçon
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J T Goetz
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - W Gohn
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - B Guegan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile and Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Hanretty
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - N Harrison
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | | | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - S M Hughes
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire Orsay, 91406 Orsay, France
| | - S Joosten
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - C D Keith
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Keller
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - M Khandaker
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA and Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - A Klein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - S Koirala
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S E Kuhn
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Y Lu
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - N Markov
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D G Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R Montgomery
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - C I Moody
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Moutarde
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - I Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - M Paolone
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | | | - K Park
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Park
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - E Pasyuk
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - P Peng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA
| | - Y Prok
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Roy
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Salgado
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - D Schott
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA and The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - I Senderovich
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - A Simonyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - I Skorodumina
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom and Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Stoler
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - I I Strakovsky
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - V Sytnik
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - M Taiuti
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy and Università di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - W Tang
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Y Tian
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alps, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M H Wood
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA and Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - L Zana
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - J Zhang
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Zonta
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Roma, Italy
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26
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Mestayer MD, Park K, Adhikari KP, Aghasyan M, Pereira SA, Ball J, Battaglieri M, Batourine V, Bedlinskiy I, Biselli AS, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chandavar S, Charles G, Colaneri L, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Cortes O, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, Deur A, Djalali C, Doughty D, Dupre R, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fleming JA, Forest TA, Garillon B, Garçon M, Ghandilyan Y, Gilfoyle GP, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Goetz JT, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guegan B, Guidal M, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Hattawy M, Holtrop M, Hughes SM, Hyde CE, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Jiang H, Jo HS, Joo K, Keller D, Khandaker M, Kim A, Kim W, Koirala S, Kubarovsky V, Kuleshov SV, Lenisa P, Levine WI, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, Mayer M, McKinnon B, Meyer CA, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Moody CI, Moutarde H, Movsisyan A, Camacho CM, Nadel-Turonski P, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Peng P, Phelps W, Pisano S, Pogorelko O, Pozdniakov S, Price JW, Protopopescu D, Puckett AJR, Raue BA, Rimal D, Ripani M, Rizzo A, Rosner G, Roy P, Sabatié F, Saini MS, Schott D, Schumacher RA, Simonyan A, Sokhan D, Strauch S, Sytnik V, Tang W, Tian Y, Ungaro M, Vernarsky B, Vlassov AV, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Watts DP, Wei X, Weinstein LB, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Zonta I. Strangeness suppression of qq creation observed in exclusive reactions. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:152004. [PMID: 25375706 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.152004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
We measured the ratios of electroproduction cross sections from a proton target for three exclusive meson-baryon final states: ΛK(+), pπ(0), and nπ(+), with the CLAS detector at Jefferson Lab. Using a simple model of quark hadronization, we extract qq creation probabilities for the first time in exclusive two-body production, in which only a single qq pair is created. We observe a sizable suppression of strange quark-antiquark pairs compared to nonstrange pairs, similar to that seen in high-energy production.
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Affiliation(s)
- M D Mestayer
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Park
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Aghasyan
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | | | - J Ball
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - V Batourine
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - A S Biselli
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA and Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - V D Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - G Charles
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, France
| | - L Colaneri
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy and Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - O Cortes
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy and Universita' di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Doughty
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Dupre
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, France
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - L Elouadrhiri
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J A Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - T A Forest
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - B Garillon
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, France
| | - M Garçon
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Y Ghandilyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - G P Gilfoyle
- University of Richmond, Richmond, Virginia 23173, USA
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J T Goetz
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - B Guegan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, France
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, France
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile and Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C Hanretty
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Hattawy
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, France
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - S M Hughes
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Jiang
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, France
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA and Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - A Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - S Koirala
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S V Kuleshov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia and Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - P Lenisa
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | - W I Levine
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Y Lu
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | | | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R A Montgomery
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - C I Moody
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Moutarde
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Movsisyan
- INFN, Sezione di Ferrara, 44100 Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA and Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA and Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | | | - R Paremuzyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - P Peng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - W Phelps
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - S Pisano
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - S Pozdniakov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - J W Price
- California State University, Dominguez Hills, Carson, California 90747, USA and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | | | - A J R Puckett
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - B A Raue
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D Rimal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A Rizzo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Roy
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - F Sabatié
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - M S Saini
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - D Schott
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - A Simonyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - D Sokhan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - S Strauch
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - V Sytnik
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - W Tang
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - Ye Tian
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Vernarsky
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - A V Vlassov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow 117259, Russia
| | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- LPSC, Université Grenoble-Alpes, CNRS/IN2P3, Grenoble, France
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - X Wei
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA and University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - I Zonta
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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27
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Korover I, Muangma N, Hen O, Shneor R, Sulkosky V, Kelleher A, Gilad S, Higinbotham DW, Piasetzky E, Watson JW, Wood SA, Aguilera P, Ahmed Z, Albataineh H, Allada K, Anderson B, Anez D, Aniol K, Annand J, Armstrong W, Arrington J, Averett T, Badman T, Baghdasaryan H, Bai X, Beck A, Beck S, Bellini V, Benmokhtar F, Bertozzi W, Bittner J, Boeglin W, Camsonne A, Chen C, Chen JP, Chirapatpimol K, Cisbani E, Dalton MM, Daniel A, Day D, de Jager CW, De Leo R, Deconinck W, Defurne M, Flay D, Fomin N, Friend M, Frullani S, Fuchey E, Garibaldi F, Gaskell D, Gilman R, Glamazdin O, Gu C, Gueye P, Hamilton D, Hanretty C, Hansen JO, Hashemi Shabestari M, Holmstrom T, Huang M, Iqbal S, Jin G, Kalantarians N, Kang H, Khandaker M, LeRose J, Leckey J, Lindgren R, Long E, Mammei J, Margaziotis DJ, Markowitz P, Marti Jimenez-Arguello A, Meekins D, Meziani Z, Michaels R, Mihovilovic M, Monaghan P, Munoz Camacho C, Norum B, Pan K, Phillips S, Pomerantz I, Posik M, Punjabi V, Qian X, Qiang Y, Qiu X, Rakhman A, Reimer PE, Riordan S, Ron G, Rondon-Aramayo O, Saha A, Schulte E, Selvy L, Shahinyan A, Sirca S, Sjoegren J, Slifer K, Solvignon P, Sparveris N, Subedi R, Tireman W, Wang D, Weinstein LB, Wojtsekhowski B, Yan W, Yaron I, Ye Z, Zhan X, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Zhao B, Zhao Z, Zheng X, Zhu P, Zielinski R. Probing the repulsive core of the nucleon-nucleon interaction via the (4)He(e,e'pN) triple-coincidence reaction. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 113:022501. [PMID: 25062168 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.113.022501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We studied simultaneously the (4)He(e,e'p), (4)He(e,e'pp), and (4)He(e,e'pn) reactions at Q(2)=2(GeV/c)(2) and x(B)>1, for an (e,e'p) missing-momentum range of 400 to 830 MeV/c. The knocked-out proton was detected in coincidence with a proton or neutron recoiling almost back to back to the missing momentum, leaving the residual A=2 system at low excitation energy. These data were used to identify two-nucleon short-range correlated pairs and to deduce their isospin structure as a function of missing momentum, in a region where the nucleon-nucleon (NN) force is expected to change from predominantly tensor to repulsive. The abundance of neutron-proton pairs is reduced as the nucleon momentum increases beyond ∼500 MeV/c. The extracted fraction of proton-proton pairs is small and almost independent of the missing momentum. Our data are compared with calculations of two-nucleon momentum distributions in (4)He and discussed in the context of probing the elusive repulsive component of the NN force.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Korover
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - N Muangma
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - O Hen
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - R Shneor
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - V Sulkosky
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA and Longwood University, Farmville, Virginia 23909, USA
| | - A Kelleher
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Gilad
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - J W Watson
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - S A Wood
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Aguilera
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire (UMR 8608), CNRS/IN2P3-Université Paris-Sud, F-91406 Orsay Cedex, France
| | - Z Ahmed
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - H Albataineh
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - K Allada
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - B Anderson
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - D Anez
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada
| | - K Aniol
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - J Annand
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - W Armstrong
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - J Arrington
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - T Averett
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - T Badman
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - H Baghdasaryan
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - X Bai
- China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing, China
| | - A Beck
- Nuclear Research Center Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - S Beck
- Nuclear Research Center Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel
| | - V Bellini
- Universita di Catania, Catania, Italy
| | - F Benmokhtar
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - W Bertozzi
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Bittner
- Longwood University, Farmville, Virginia 23909, USA
| | - W Boeglin
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Chen
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23668, USA
| | - J-P Chen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Chirapatpimol
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- INFN, Sezione Sanità and Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - M M Dalton
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - A Daniel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Day
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - C W de Jager
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - R De Leo
- INFN, Sezione di Bari and University of Bari, I-70126 Bari, Italy
| | - W Deconinck
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - M Defurne
- CEA Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - D Flay
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N Fomin
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - M Friend
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - S Frullani
- INFN, Sezione Sanità and Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - E Fuchey
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - F Garibaldi
- INFN, Sezione Sanità and Istituto Superiore di Sanità, 00161 Rome, Italy
| | - D Gaskell
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Gilman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
| | - O Glamazdin
- Kharkov Institute of Physics and Technology, Kharkov 61108, Ukraine
| | - C Gu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - P Gueye
- Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23668, USA
| | - D Hamilton
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - C Hanretty
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - J-O Hansen
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - T Holmstrom
- Longwood University, Farmville, Virginia 23909, USA
| | - M Huang
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - S Iqbal
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - G Jin
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | | | - H Kang
- Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - M Khandaker
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J LeRose
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Leckey
- Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, USA
| | - R Lindgren
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - E Long
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - J Mammei
- Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, USA
| | - D J Margaziotis
- California State University, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90032, USA
| | - P Markowitz
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | | | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z Meziani
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - P Monaghan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA and Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia 23668, USA
| | | | - B Norum
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - K Pan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - S Phillips
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - I Pomerantz
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - M Posik
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - V Punjabi
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - X Qian
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Y Qiang
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - X Qiu
- Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, China
| | - A Rakhman
- Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York 13244, USA
| | - P E Reimer
- Physics Division, Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - S Riordan
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA and University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01006, USA
| | - G Ron
- Racah Institute of Physics, Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - O Rondon-Aramayo
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Saha
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - E Schulte
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
| | - L Selvy
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - A Shahinyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, Yerevan 375036, Armenia
| | - S Sirca
- University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - J Sjoegren
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - K Slifer
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
| | - P Solvignon
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - N Sparveris
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - R Subedi
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - W Tireman
- Northern Michigan University, Marquette, Michigan 49855, USA
| | - D Wang
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W Yan
- University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China
| | - I Yaron
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - Z Ye
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - X Zhan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Y Zhang
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
| | - B Zhao
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187, USA
| | - Z Zhao
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, USA
| | - P Zhu
- University of Science and Technology, Hefei, China
| | - R Zielinski
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824, USA
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aramaki Y, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bok JS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HÅ, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Han R, Hanks J, Hartouni EP, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee K, Lee KB, Lee KS, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Li X, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Niida T, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Oka M, Okada K, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Todoroki T, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomášek L, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Azimuthal-angle dependence of charged-pion-interferometry measurements with respect to second- and third-order event planes in Au+Au collisions at √[S(NN)]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2014; 112:222301. [PMID: 24949761 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.112.222301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Charged-pion-interferometry measurements were made with respect to the second- and third-order event plane for Au+Au collisions at sqrt[s_{NN}]=200 GeV. A strong azimuthal-angle dependence of the extracted Gaussian-source radii was observed with respect to both the second- and third-order event planes. The results for the second-order dependence indicate that the initial eccentricity is reduced during the medium evolution, which is consistent with previous results. In contrast, the results for the third-order dependence indicate that the initial triangular shape is significantly reduced and potentially reversed by the end of the medium evolution, and that the third-order oscillations are largely dominated by the dynamical effects from triangular flow.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S Afanasiev
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - C Aidala
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA and Department of Physics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1040, USA
| | - N N Ajitanand
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y Akiba
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - H Al-Bataineh
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - J Alexander
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - K Aoki
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Aramaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - E T Atomssa
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - R Averbeck
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T C Awes
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - B Azmoun
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Babintsev
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - M Bai
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - G Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - L Baksay
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - K N Barish
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - B Bassalleck
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A T Basye
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - S Bathe
- Baruch College, City University of New York, New York, New York 10010 USA and University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - V Baublis
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - C Baumann
- Institut fur Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - A Bazilevsky
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Belikov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Belmont
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Bennett
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - A Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - Y Berdnikov
- Saint Petersburg State Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - A A Bickley
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - J S Bok
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - K Boyle
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M L Brooks
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H Buesching
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Bumazhnov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - G Bunce
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Butsyk
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - C M Camacho
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S Campbell
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - C-H Chen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - C Y Chi
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M Chiu
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - I J Choi
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - R K Choudhury
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - P Christiansen
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - T Chujo
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - P Chung
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - O Chvala
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - V Cianciolo
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - Z Citron
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - B A Cole
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M Connors
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - P Constantin
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M Csanád
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Hungary
| | - T Csörgő
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, P.O. Box 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - T Dahms
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - S Dairaku
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - I Danchev
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - K Das
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A Datta
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA
| | - G David
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Denisov
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - A Deshpande
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - E J Desmond
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - O Dietzsch
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - A Dion
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Donadelli
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - O Drapier
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - A Drees
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - K A Drees
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J M Durham
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - A Durum
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - D Dutta
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - S Edwards
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - Y V Efremenko
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - F Ellinghaus
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - T Engelmore
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Enokizono
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - H En'yo
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Esumi
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - B Fadem
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - D E Fields
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - M Finger
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - F Fleuret
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - S L Fokin
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - Z Fraenkel
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - J E Frantz
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - A Franz
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A D Frawley
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - K Fujiwara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Fukao
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Fusayasu
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - I Garishvili
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - A Glenn
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - H Gong
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M Gonin
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - Y Goto
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Granier de Cassagnac
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | - N Grau
- Department of Physics, Augustana College, Sioux Falls, South Dakota 57197, USA and Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - S V Greene
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - M Grosse Perdekamp
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Gunji
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - H-Å Gustafsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - J S Haggerty
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - K I Hahn
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - H Hamagaki
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - J Hamblen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - R Han
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - J Hanks
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - E P Hartouni
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - E Haslum
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - R Hayano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - X He
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - M Heffner
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - T K Hemmick
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T Hester
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J C Hill
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Hohlmann
- Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, Florida 32901, USA
| | - W Holzmann
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - K Homma
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B Hong
- Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - T Horaguchi
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - D Hornback
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - S Huang
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - T Ichihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Ichimiya
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - J Ide
- Muhlenberg College, Allentown, Pennsylvania 18104-5586, USA
| | - Y Ikeda
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Imai
- Advanced Science Research Center, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirakata Shirane, Tokai-mura, Naka-gun, Ibaraki-ken 319-1195, Japan and Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Inaba
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - D Isenhower
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Ishihara
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - T Isobe
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - M Issah
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - A Isupov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Ivanischev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - B V Jacak
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - J Jia
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA and Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - J Jin
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - B M Johnson
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - K S Joo
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D Jouan
- IPN-Orsay, Universite Paris Sud, CNRS-IN2P3, BP1, F-91406 Orsay, France
| | - D S Jumper
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - F Kajihara
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - S Kametani
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - N Kamihara
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Kamin
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - J H Kang
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - J Kapustinsky
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - K Karatsu
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - D Kawall
- Department of Physics, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003-9337, USA and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Kawashima
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - A V Kazantsev
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - T Kempel
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A Khanzadeev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - K M Kijima
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - B I Kim
- Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - D H Kim
- Myongji University, Yongin, Kyonggido 449-728, Korea
| | - D J Kim
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - E Kim
- Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - E-J Kim
- Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, 561-756, Korea
| | - S H Kim
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - Y-J Kim
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - E Kinney
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - K Kiriluk
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - A Kiss
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Hungary
| | - E Kistenev
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - L Kochenda
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - B Komkov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - M Konno
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - J Koster
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D Kotchetkov
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - A Kozlov
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - A Král
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Kravitz
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - G J Kunde
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - K Kurita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - M Kurosawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Y Kwon
- Yonsei University, IPAP, Seoul 120-749, Korea
| | - G S Kyle
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - R Lacey
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - Y S Lai
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J G Lajoie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - A Lebedev
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - D M Lee
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - J Lee
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - K Lee
- Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - K B Lee
- Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - K S Lee
- Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - M J Leitch
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - M A L Leite
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - E Leitner
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - B Lenzi
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - X Li
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | - P Liebing
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | | | - T Liška
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - A Litvinenko
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - H Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA and New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - M X Liu
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - B Love
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Luechtenborg
- Institut fur Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - D Lynch
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C F Maguire
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - Y I Makdisi
- Collider-Accelerator Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A Malakhov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - M D Malik
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - V I Manko
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - E Mannel
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - Y Mao
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - H Masui
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - F Matathias
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - M McCumber
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - P L McGaughey
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - N Means
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - B Meredith
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - Y Miake
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - A C Mignerey
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - P Mikeš
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36, Prague, Czech Republic and Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - K Miki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - A Milov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Mishra
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - J T Mitchell
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Mohanty
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - Y Morino
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - A Morreale
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D P Morrison
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T V Moukhanova
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - J Murata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Physics Department, Rikkyo University, 3-34-1 Nishi-Ikebukuro, Toshima, Tokyo 171-8501, Japan
| | - S Nagamiya
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - J L Nagle
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - M Naglis
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - M I Nagy
- ELTE, Eötvös Loránd University, H-1117 Budapest, Pázmány Péter sétány 1/A, Hungary
| | - I Nakagawa
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y Nakamiya
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - T Nakamura
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - K Nakano
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - J Newby
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - M Nguyen
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T Niida
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - R Nouicer
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A S Nyanin
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - E O'Brien
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S X Oda
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - C A Ogilvie
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - M Oka
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Okada
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y Onuki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Oskarsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - M Ouchida
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - K Ozawa
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - R Pak
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - V Pantuev
- Institute for Nuclear Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Prospekt 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7a, Moscow 117312, Russia and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - V Papavassiliou
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - I H Park
- Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea
| | - J Park
- Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea
| | - S K Park
- Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - W J Park
- Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - S F Pate
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - H Pei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - J-C Peng
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - H Pereira
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - V Peresedov
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - D Yu Peressounko
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - C Pinkenburg
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R P Pisani
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M Proissl
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - M L Purschke
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - A K Purwar
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - H Qu
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - J Rak
- Helsinki Institute of Physics and University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 Jyväskylä, Finland
| | - A Rakotozafindrabe
- Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet, Ecole Polytechnique, CNRS-IN2P3, Route de Saclay, F-91128 Palaiseau, France
| | | | - K F Read
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA and University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - K Reygers
- Institut fur Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - V Riabov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - Y Riabov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - E Richardson
- University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA
| | - D Roach
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - G Roche
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - S D Rolnick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - M Rosati
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - C A Rosen
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - S S E Rosendahl
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - P Rosnet
- LPC, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS-IN2P3, Clermont-Fd, 63177 Aubiere Cedex, France
| | - P Rukoyatkin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - P Ružička
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - B Sahlmueller
- Institut fur Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany and Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - N Saito
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - T Sakaguchi
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - K Sakashita
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - V Samsonov
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - S Sano
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan and Waseda University, Advanced Research Institute for Science and Engineering, 17 Kikui-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-0044, Japan
| | - T Sato
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - S Sawada
- KEK, High Energy Accelerator Research Organization, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0801, Japan
| | - K Sedgwick
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - J Seele
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - R Seidl
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | | | - R Seto
- University of California-Riverside, Riverside, California 92521, USA
| | - D Sharma
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - I Shein
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - T-A Shibata
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Department of Physics, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Oh-okayama, Meguro, Tokyo 152-8551, Japan
| | - K Shigaki
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - M Shimomura
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - K Shoji
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - P Shukla
- Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Bombay 400 085, India
| | - A Sickles
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - C L Silva
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - D Silvermyr
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - C Silvestre
- Dapnia, CEA Saclay, F-91191, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K S Sim
- Korea University, Seoul, 136-701, Korea
| | - B K Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - C P Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - V Singh
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - M Slunečka
- Charles University, Ovocný trh 5, Praha 1, 116 36, Prague, Czech Republic
| | - R A Soltz
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California 94550, USA
| | - W E Sondheim
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - S P Sorensen
- University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37996, USA
| | - I V Sourikova
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - N A Sparks
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - P W Stankus
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - E Stenlund
- Department of Physics, Lund University, Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - S P Stoll
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - T Sugitate
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - A Sukhanov
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - J Sziklai
- Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, P.O. Box 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - E M Takagui
- Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Física, Caixa Postal 66318, São Paulo CEP05315-970, Brazil
| | - A Taketani
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R Tanabe
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Tanaka
- Nagasaki Institute of Applied Science, Nagasaki-shi, Nagasaki 851-0193, Japan
| | - K Tanida
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - M J Tannenbaum
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - S Tarafdar
- Department of Physics, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India
| | - A Taranenko
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - P Tarján
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary
| | - H Themann
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - T L Thomas
- University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - T Todoroki
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - M Togawa
- Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8502, Japan and RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - A Toia
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - L Tomášek
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - H Torii
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - R S Towell
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - I Tserruya
- Weizmann Institute, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Y Tsuchimoto
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - C Vale
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA and Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - H Valle
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - H W van Hecke
- Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA
| | - E Vazquez-Zambrano
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - A Veicht
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - J Velkovska
- Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, USA
| | - R Vértesi
- Debrecen University, H-4010 Debrecen, Egyetem tér 1, Hungary and Institute for Particle and Nuclear Physics, Wigner Research Centre for Physics, Hungarian Academy of Sciences (Wigner RCP, RMKI) H-1525 Budapest 114, P.O. Box 49, Budapest, Hungary
| | - A A Vinogradov
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - M Virius
- Czech Technical University, Zikova 4, 166 36 Prague 6, Czech Republic
| | - V Vrba
- Institute of Physics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Na Slovance 2, 182 21 Prague 8, Czech Republic
| | - E Vznuzdaev
- PNPI, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, Gatchina, Leningrad Region 188300, Russia
| | - X R Wang
- New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, New Mexico 88003, USA
| | - D Watanabe
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - K Watanabe
- Institute of Physics, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305, Japan
| | - Y Watanabe
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - F Wei
- Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa 50011, USA
| | - R Wei
- Chemistry Department, Stony Brook University, SUNY, Stony Brook, New York 11794-3400, USA
| | - J Wessels
- Institut fur Kernphysik, University of Muenster, D-48149 Muenster, Germany
| | - S N White
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - D Winter
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - J P Wood
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - C L Woody
- Physics Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - R M Wright
- Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA
| | - M Wysocki
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
| | - W Xie
- RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Y L Yamaguchi
- Center for Nuclear Study, Graduate School of Science, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan
| | - K Yamaura
- Hiroshima University, Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8526, Japan
| | - R Yang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - A Yanovich
- IHEP Protvino, State Research Center of Russian Federation, Institute for High Energy Physics, Protvino 142281, Russia
| | - J Ying
- Georgia State University, Atlanta, Georgia 30303, USA
| | - S Yokkaichi
- RIKEN Nishina Center for Accelerator-Based Science, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan and RIKEN BNL Research Center, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973-5000, USA
| | - Z You
- Peking University, Beijing 100871, People's Republic of China
| | - G R Young
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - I Younus
- Physics Department, Lahore University of Management Sciences, Lahore 54792, Pakistan and University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131, USA
| | - I E Yushmanov
- Russian Research Center "Kurchatov Institute," Moscow 123098, Russia
| | - W A Zajc
- Columbia University, New York, New York 10027, USA and Nevis Laboratories, Irvington, New York 10533, USA
| | - C Zhang
- Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831, USA
| | - S Zhou
- Science and Technology on Nuclear Data Laboratory, China Institute of Atomic Energy, Beijing 102413, People's Republic of China
| | - L Zolin
- Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, 141980 Dubna, Moscow Region, Russia
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Akimoto R, Al-Bataineh H, Al-Ta'ani H, Alexander J, Angerami A, Aoki K, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Aramaki Y, Armendariz R, Aronson SH, Asai J, Asano H, Aschenauer EC, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Bannier B, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Baumgart S, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bing X, Blau DS, Boissevain JG, Bok JS, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Castera P, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chen CH, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiba J, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Choi S, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cleven CR, Cole BA, Comets MP, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, Daugherity MS, David G, Deaton MB, Dehmelt K, Delagrange H, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dharmawardane KV, Dietzsch O, Ding L, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, D'Orazio L, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Egdemir J, Ellinghaus F, Emam WS, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Gadrat S, Gainey K, Gal C, Garishvili A, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gong X, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Guo L, Gustafsson HÅ, Hachiya T, Hadj Henni A, Haegemann C, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Han R, Hanks J, Harada H, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Hashimoto K, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hiejima H, Hill JC, Hobbs R, Hohlmann M, Hollis RS, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hori Y, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Inoue Y, Iordanova A, Isenhower D, Isenhower L, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Javani M, Jia J, Jiang X, Jin J, Jinnouchi O, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kaneta M, Kaneti S, Kang BH, Kang JH, Kang JS, Kanou H, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kasai M, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim BI, Kim C, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim HJ, Kim KB, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kim YK, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Kiyomichi A, Klatsky J, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kleinjan D, Kline P, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Komatsu Y, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kotov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Krizek F, Kubart J, Kunde GJ, Kurihara N, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee B, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee K, Lee KB, Lee KS, Lee MK, Lee SH, Lee SR, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitgab M, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Lewis B, Li X, Liebing P, Lim SH, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Makek M, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manion A, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Mašek L, Masui H, Masumoto S, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, McKinney C, Means N, Mendoza M, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mibe T, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Miller TE, Milov A, Mioduszewski S, Mishra DK, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mitrovski M, Miyachi Y, Miyasaka S, Mohanty AK, Moon HJ, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Motschwiller S, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagae T, Nagamiya S, Nagata Y, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura KR, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nattrass C, Nederlof A, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nihashi M, Niida T, Norman BE, Nouicer R, Novitzky N, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Ohnishi H, Oka M, Okada K, Omiwade OO, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pal D, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park BH, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Patel L, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reuter M, Reygers K, Reynolds R, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Romana A, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Sakata H, Samsonov V, Sano M, Sano S, Sarsour M, Sato S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Sen A, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shevel A, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Skutnik S, Slunečka M, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Soumya M, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sun J, Sziklai J, Tabaru T, Takagi S, Takagui EM, Takahara A, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Taneja S, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Tennant E, Themann H, Thomas TL, Todoroki T, Togawa M, Toia A, Tojo J, Tomášek L, Tomášek M, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Tsuji T, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vargyas M, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vossen A, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wagner M, Walker D, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Watanabe YS, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wolin S, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Yasin Z, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zelenski A, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zimányi J, Zolin L. Medium modification of jet fragmentation in Au+Au collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV measured in direct photon-hadron correlations. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 111:032301. [PMID: 23909311 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.111.032301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
The jet fragmentation function is measured with direct photon-hadron correlations in p+p and Au+Au collisions at √[s(NN)]=200 GeV. The p(T) of the photon is an excellent approximation to the initial p(T) of the jet and the ratio z(T)=p(T)(h)/p(T)(γ) is used as a proxy for the jet fragmentation function. A statistical subtraction is used to extract the direct photon-hadron yields in Au+Au collisions while a photon isolation cut is applied in p+p. I(AA), the ratio of hadron yield opposite the photon in Au+Au to that in p+p, indicates modification of the jet fragmentation function. Suppression, most likely due to energy loss in the medium, is seen at high z(T). The associated hadron yield at low z(T) is enhanced at large angles. Such a trend is expected from redistribution of the lost energy into increased production of low-momentum particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Pomerantz I, Ilieva Y, Gilman R, Higinbotham DW, Piasetzky E, Strauch S, Adhikari KP, Aghasyan M, Allada K, Amaryan MJ, Anefalos Pereira S, Anghinolfi M, Baghdasaryan H, Ball J, Baltzell NA, Battaglieri M, Batourine V, Beck A, Beck S, Bedlinskiy I, Berman BL, Biselli AS, Boeglin W, Bono J, Bookwalter C, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Bubis N, Burkert V, Camsonne A, Canan M, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chandavar S, Charles G, Chirapatpimol K, Cisbani E, Cole PL, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, Cusanno F, D'Angelo A, Daniel A, Dashyan N, de Jager CW, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Djalali C, Dodge GE, Doughty D, Dupre R, Dutta C, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Fleming JA, Fradi A, Garibaldi F, Geagla O, Gevorgyan N, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Glister J, Goetz JT, Gohn W, Golovatch E, Gothe RW, Griffioen KA, Guegan B, Guidal M, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Harrison N, Heddle D, Hicks K, Ho D, Holtrop M, Hyde CE, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jiang X, Jo HS, Joo K, Katramatou AT, Keller D, Khandaker M, Khetarpal P, Khrosinkova E, Kim A, Kim W, Klein FJ, Koirala S, Kubarovsky A, Kubarovsky V, Kuleshov SV, Kvaltine ND, Lee B, LeRose JJ, Lewis S, Lindgren R, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, Mao Y, Martinez D, Mayer M, McCullough E, McKinnon B, Meekins D, Meyer CA, Michaels R, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Moffit B, Mokeev V, Montgomery RA, Moutarde H, Munevar E, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Nasseripour R, Nepali CS, Niccolai S, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Park S, Petratos GG, Phelps E, Pisano S, Pogorelko O, Pozdniakov S, Procureur S, Protopopescu D, Puckett AJR, Qian X, Qiang Y, Ricco G, Rimal D, Ripani M, Ritchie BG, Rodriguez I, Ron G, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Saha A, Saini MS, Sarty AJ, Sawatzky B, Saylor NA, Schott D, Schulte E, Schumacher RA, Seder E, Seraydaryan H, Shneor R, Smith GD, Sokhan D, Sparveris N, Stepanyan SS, Stepanyan S, Stoler P, Subedi R, Sulkosky V, Taiuti M, Tang W, Taylor CE, Tkachenko S, Ungaro M, Vernarsky B, Vineyard MF, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Wang Y, Watts DP, Weinstein LB, Weygand DP, Wojtsekhowski B, Wood MH, Yan X, Yao H, Zachariou N, Zhan X, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Zheng X, Zonta I. Hard two-body photodisintegration of 3He. Phys Rev Lett 2013; 110:242301. [PMID: 25165915 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.110.242301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2013] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We have measured cross sections for the γ(3)He → pd reaction at photon energies of 0.4-1.4 GeV and a center-of-mass angle of 90°. We observe dimensional scaling above 0.7 GeV at this center-of-mass angle. This is the first observation of dimensional scaling in the photodisintegration of a nucleus heavier than the deuteron.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Pomerantz
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel and The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA
| | - Y Ilieva
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - R Gilman
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - D W Higinbotham
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - S Strauch
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K P Adhikari
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - M Aghasyan
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - K Allada
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - M J Amaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | | | | | - H Baghdasaryan
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - J Ball
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - N A Baltzell
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | | | - V Batourine
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Beck
- NRCN, P.O. Box 9001, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel
| | - S Beck
- NRCN, P.O. Box 9001, Beer-Sheva 84190, Israel
| | - I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - B L Berman
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - A S Biselli
- Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut 06824, USA and Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - W Boeglin
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - J Bono
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - C Bookwalter
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - S Boiarinov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - W J Briscoe
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - W K Brooks
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - N Bubis
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - V Burkert
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Camsonne
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Canan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D S Carman
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - A Celentano
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | | | - G Charles
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - K Chirapatpimol
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - E Cisbani
- INFN, Gruppo collegato Sanità and Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department TESA, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - P L Cole
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - V Crede
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - F Cusanno
- INFN, Gruppo collegato Sanità and Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department TESA, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - A D'Angelo
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy and Università di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
| | - A Daniel
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - N Dashyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - C W de Jager
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R De Vita
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - E De Sanctis
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - A Deur
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C Djalali
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - G E Dodge
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D Doughty
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Dupre
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - C Dutta
- University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, USA
| | - H Egiyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - A El Alaoui
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - L El Fassi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - P Eugenio
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - G Fedotov
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Fegan
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - J A Fleming
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - A Fradi
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay 91406, France
| | - F Garibaldi
- INFN, Gruppo collegato Sanità and Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department TESA, I-00161 Rome, Italy
| | - O Geagla
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - N Gevorgyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K L Giovanetti
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - F X Girod
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - J Glister
- Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3J5, Canada and Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - J T Goetz
- University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1547, USA
| | - W Gohn
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - E Golovatch
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy and Skobeltsyn Nuclear Physics Institute, 119899 Moscow, Russia
| | - R W Gothe
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - K A Griffioen
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - B Guegan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay 91406, France
| | - M Guidal
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay 91406, France
| | - L Guo
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - K Hafidi
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
| | - H Hakobyan
- Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile and Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - N Harrison
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - D Heddle
- Christopher Newport University, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - K Hicks
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - D Ho
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - M Holtrop
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, New Hampshire 03824-3568, USA
| | - C E Hyde
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D G Ireland
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - B S Ishkhanov
- Skobeltsyn Nuclear Physics Institute, 119899 Moscow, Russia
| | - E L Isupov
- Skobeltsyn Nuclear Physics Institute, 119899 Moscow, Russia
| | - X Jiang
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
| | - H S Jo
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay 91406, France
| | - K Joo
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | | | - D Keller
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Khandaker
- Norfolk State University, Norfolk, Virginia 23504, USA
| | - P Khetarpal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | | | - A Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - W Kim
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - F J Klein
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - S Koirala
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - A Kubarovsky
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA and Skobeltsyn Nuclear Physics Institute, 119899 Moscow, Russia
| | - V Kubarovsky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S V Kuleshov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia and Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, Casilla 110-V Valparaíso, Chile
| | - N D Kvaltine
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - B Lee
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - J J LeRose
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Lewis
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - R Lindgren
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - K Livingston
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - H Y Lu
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | | | - Y Mao
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - D Martinez
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - M Mayer
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - E McCullough
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B McKinnon
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D Meekins
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - C A Meyer
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - R Michaels
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - T Mineeva
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - M Mirazita
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - B Moffit
- College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia 23187-8795, USA
| | - V Mokeev
- Skobeltsyn Nuclear Physics Institute, 119899 Moscow, Russia and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - H Moutarde
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - E Munevar
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | | | - P Nadel-Turonski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - R Nasseripour
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA and James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - C S Nepali
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - S Niccolai
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay 91406, France
| | - G Niculescu
- James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA and Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - I Niculescu
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA and James Madison University, Harrisonburg, Virginia 22807, USA
| | - M Osipenko
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - A I Ostrovidov
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | | | - R Paremuzyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - K Park
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - S Park
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | | | - E Phelps
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - S Pisano
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - O Pogorelko
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - S Pozdniakov
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
| | - S Procureur
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | | | - A J R Puckett
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - X Qian
- Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA
| | - Y Qiang
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - G Ricco
- Università di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - D Rimal
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - M Ripani
- INFN, Sezione di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - B G Ritchie
- Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-1504, USA
| | - I Rodriguez
- Florida International University, Miami, Florida 33199, USA
| | - G Ron
- The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, 91904, Israel
| | - G Rosner
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - P Rossi
- INFN, Laboratori Nazionali di Frascati, 00044 Frascati, Italy
| | - F Sabatié
- CEA, Centre de Saclay, Irfu/Service de Physique Nucléaire, 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - A Saha
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M S Saini
- Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida 32306, USA
| | - A J Sarty
- Saint Mary's University, Halifax, Nova Scotia B3H 3C3, Canada
| | - B Sawatzky
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA and University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - N A Saylor
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - D Schott
- The George Washington University, Washington, D.C. 20052, USA
| | - E Schulte
- Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, New Jersey 08855, USA
| | - R A Schumacher
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | - E Seder
- University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA
| | - H Seraydaryan
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - R Shneor
- Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 69978, Israel
| | - G D Smith
- University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, United Kingdom
| | - D Sokhan
- Institut de Physique Nucléaire ORSAY, Orsay 91406, France
| | - N Sparveris
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA and Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - S S Stepanyan
- Kyungpook National University, Daegu 702-701, Republic of Korea
| | - S Stepanyan
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - P Stoler
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA
| | - R Subedi
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - V Sulkosky
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M Taiuti
- Università di Genova, 16146 Genova, Italy
| | - W Tang
- Ohio University, Athens, Ohio 45701, USA
| | - C E Taylor
- Idaho State University, Pocatello, Idaho 83209, USA
| | - S Tkachenko
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - M Ungaro
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Troy, New York 12180-3590, USA and Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Vernarsky
- Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA
| | | | - H Voskanyan
- Yerevan Physics Institute, 375036 Yerevan, Armenia
| | - E Voutier
- LPSC, Université Joseph Fourier, CNRS/IN2P3, INPG, Grenoble, France
| | - N K Walford
- Catholic University of America, Washington, D.C. 20064, USA
| | - Y Wang
- University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA
| | - D P Watts
- Edinburgh University, Edinburgh EH9 3JZ, United Kingdom
| | - L B Weinstein
- Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia 23529, USA
| | - D P Weygand
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - B Wojtsekhowski
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - M H Wood
- Canisius College, Buffalo, New York 14208, USA
| | - X Yan
- Kent State University, Kent, Ohio 44242, USA
| | - H Yao
- Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122, USA
| | - N Zachariou
- University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29208, USA
| | - X Zhan
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA
| | - J Zhang
- Thomas Jefferson National Accelerator Facility, Newport News, Virginia 23606, USA
| | - Z W Zhao
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - X Zheng
- University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22901, USA
| | - I Zonta
- INFN, Sezione di Roma Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aramaki Y, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bok JS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgő T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HÅ, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Han R, Hanks J, Hartouni EP, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Klein-Boesing C, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee K, Lee KB, Lee KS, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Li X, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Oka M, Okada K, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomášek L, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Observation of direct-photon collective flow in Au + Au collisions at √s(NN)] = 200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:122302. [PMID: 23005942 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.122302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2011] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The second Fourier component v(2) of the azimuthal anisotropy with respect to the reaction plane is measured for direct photons at midrapidity and transverse momentum (p(T)) of 1-12 GeV/c in Au + Au collisions at √s(NN)] = 200 GeV. Previous measurements of this quantity for hadrons with p(T) < 6 GeV/c indicate that the medium behaves like a nearly perfect fluid, while for p(T) > 6 GeV/c a reduced anisotropy is interpreted in terms of a path-length dependence for parton energy loss. In this measurement with the PHENIX detector at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider we find that for p(T) > 4 GeV/c the anisotropy for direct photons is consistent with zero, which is as expected if the dominant source of direct photons is initial hard scattering. However, in the p(T) < 4 GeV/c region dominated by thermal photons, we find a substantial direct-photon v(2) comparable to that of hadrons, whereas model calculations for thermal photons in this kinematic region underpredict the observed v(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, 80309, USA
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Bedlinskiy I, Kubarovsky V, Niccolai S, Stoler P, Adhikari KP, Aghasyan M, Amaryan MJ, Anghinolfi M, Avakian H, Baghdasaryan H, Ball J, Baltzell NA, Battaglieri M, Bennett RP, Biselli AS, Bookwalter C, Boiarinov S, Briscoe WJ, Brooks WK, Burkert VD, Carman DS, Celentano A, Chandavar S, Charles G, Contalbrigo M, Crede V, D'Angelo A, Daniel A, Dashyan N, De Vita R, De Sanctis E, Deur A, Djalali C, Doughty D, Dupre R, Egiyan H, El Alaoui A, El Fassi L, Elouadrhiri L, Eugenio P, Fedotov G, Fegan S, Fleming JA, Forest TA, Fradi A, Garçon M, Gevorgyan N, Giovanetti KL, Girod FX, Gohn W, Gothe RW, Graham L, Griffioen KA, Guegan B, Guidal M, Guo L, Hafidi K, Hakobyan H, Hanretty C, Heddle D, Hicks K, Holtrop M, Ilieva Y, Ireland DG, Ishkhanov BS, Isupov EL, Jo HS, Joo K, Keller D, Khandaker M, Khetarpal P, Kim A, Kim W, Klein FJ, Koirala S, Kubarovsky A, Kuhn SE, Kuleshov SV, Kvaltine ND, Livingston K, Lu HY, MacGregor IJD, Mao Y, Markov N, Martinez D, Mayer M, McKinnon B, Meyer CA, Mineeva T, Mirazita M, Mokeev V, Moutarde H, Munevar E, Munoz Camacho C, Nadel-Turonski P, Niculescu G, Niculescu I, Osipenko M, Ostrovidov AI, Pappalardo LL, Paremuzyan R, Park K, Park S, Pasyuk E, Anefalos Pereira S, Phelps E, Pisano S, Pogorelko O, Pozdniakov S, Price JW, Procureur S, Prok Y, Protopopescu D, Puckett AJR, Raue BA, Ricco G, Rimal D, Ripani M, Rosner G, Rossi P, Sabatié F, Saini MS, Salgado C, Saylor N, Schott D, Schumacher RA, Seder E, Seraydaryan H, Sharabian YG, Smith GD, Sober DI, Sokhan D, Stepanyan SS, Stepanyan S, Strauch S, Taiuti M, Tang W, Taylor CE, Tian Y, Tkachenko S, Ungaro M, Vineyard MF, Vlassov A, Voskanyan H, Voutier E, Walford NK, Watts DP, Weinstein LB, Weygand DP, Wood MH, Zachariou N, Zhang J, Zhao ZW, Zonta I. Measurement of exclusive π(0) electroproduction structure functions and their relationship to transverse generalized parton distributions. Phys Rev Lett 2012; 109:112001. [PMID: 23005620 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.109.112001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Exclusive π(0) electroproduction at a beam energy of 5.75 GeV has been measured with the Jefferson Lab CLAS spectrometer. Differential cross sections were measured at more than 1800 kinematic values in Q(2), x(B), t, and ϕ(π), in the Q(2) range from 1.0 to 4.6 GeV(2), -t up to 2 GeV(2), and x(B) from 0.1 to 0.58. Structure functions σ(T)+ϵσ(L), σ(TT), and σ(LT) were extracted as functions of t for each of 17 combinations of Q(2) and x(B). The data were compared directly with two handbag-based calculations including both longitudinal and transversity generalized parton distributions (GPDs). Inclusion of only longitudinal GPDs very strongly underestimates σ(T)+ϵσ(L) and fails to account for σ(TT) and σ(LT), while inclusion of transversity GPDs brings the calculations into substantially better agreement with the data. There is very strong sensitivity to the relative contributions of nucleon helicity-flip and helicity nonflip processes. The results confirm that exclusive π(0) electroproduction offers direct experimental access to the transversity GPDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- I Bedlinskiy
- Institute of Theoretical and Experimental Physics, Moscow, 117259, Russia
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aramaki Y, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bok JS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HÅ, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Han R, Hanks J, Hartouni EP, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee K, Lee KB, Lee KS, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Li X, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Oka M, Okada K, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomášek L, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Measurements of higher order flow harmonics in Au+Au collisions at √s(NN)=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:252301. [PMID: 22243067 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.252301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2011] [Revised: 09/27/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Flow coefficients ν(n) for n=2, 3, 4, characterizing the anisotropic collective flow in Au+Au collisions at √s(NN)=200 GeV, are measured relative to event planes Ψ(n), determined at large rapidity. We report ν(n) as a function of transverse momentum and collision centrality, and study the correlations among the event planes of different order n. The ν(n) are well described by hydrodynamic models which employ a Glauber Monte Carlo initial state geometry with fluctuations, providing additional constraining power on the interplay between initial conditions and the effects of viscosity as the system evolves. This new constraint can serve to improve the precision of the extracted shear viscosity to entropy density ratio η/s.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Angerami A, Aoki K, Apadula N, Aphecetche L, Aramaki Y, Asai J, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bhom JH, Bickley AA, Blau DS, Boissevain JG, Bok JS, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Caringi A, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chen CH, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choi JB, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Conesa del Valle Z, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Dayananda MK, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dharmawardane KV, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, D'Orazio L, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grim G, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HÅ, Hadj Henni A, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Han R, Hanks J, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Haslum E, Hayano R, He X, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Iwanaga Y, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jiang X, Jin J, Johnson BM, Jones T, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kasai M, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim A, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim EJ, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss Á, Kistenev E, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee KS, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Lenzi B, Li X, Lichtenwalner P, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Love B, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Mašek L, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, McGlinchey D, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mibe T, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Moon HJ, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murakami T, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura KR, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Nam S, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nihashi M, Niita T, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, Oakley C, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Oka M, Okada K, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Petti R, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Taneja S, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas D, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomášek L, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vossen A, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, You Z, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Cold nuclear matter effects on J/ψ yields as a function of rapidity and nuclear geometry in d+A collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2011; 107:142301. [PMID: 22107186 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.107.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2010] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We present measurements of J/ψ yields in d+Au collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=200 GeV recorded by the PHENIX experiment and compare them with yields in p+p collisions at the same energy per nucleon-nucleon collision. The measurements cover a large kinematic range in J/ψ rapidity (-2.2<y<2.4) with high statistical precision and are compared with two theoretical models: one with nuclear shadowing combined with final state breakup and one with coherent gluon saturation effects. In order to remove model dependent systematic uncertainties we also compare the data to a simple geometric model. The forward rapidity data are inconsistent with nuclear modifications that are linear or exponential in the density weighted longitudinal thickness, such as those from the final state breakup of the bound state.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aramaki Y, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bok JS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HÅ, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hanks J, Han R, Hartouni EP, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hegyi S, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee K, Lee KS, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liška T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikeš P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Okada K, Oka M, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ružička P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunečka M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomášek L, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, You Z, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Azimuthal anisotropy of π⁰ production in Au+Au collisions at sqrt((s)NN)=200 GeV: path-length dependence of jet quenching and the role of initial geometry. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:142301. [PMID: 21230825 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.142301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2010] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
We have measured the azimuthal anisotropy of π⁰ production for 1<p(T)<18 GeV/c for Au+Au collisions at sqrt((s)NN)=200 GeV. The observed anisotropy shows a gradual decrease for 3≲p(T)≲7-10 GeV/c, but remains positive beyond 10 GeV/c. The magnitude of this anisotropy is underpredicted, up to at least ∼10 GeV/c, by current perturbative QCD (PQCD) energy-loss model calculations. An estimate of the increase in anisotropy expected from initial-geometry modification due to gluon saturation effects and fluctuations is insufficient to account for this discrepancy. Calculations that implement a path-length dependence steeper than what is implied by current PQCD energy-loss models show reasonable agreement with the data.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aramaki Y, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Barish KN, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Bok JS, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chen CH, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HA, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hanks J, Han R, Hartouni EP, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hegyi S, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Karatsu K, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee K, Lee KS, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liska T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikes P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Okada K, Oka M, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ruzicka P, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunecka M, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomásek L, Torii H, Towell RS, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, You Z, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Elliptic and hexadecapole flow of charged hadrons in Au+Au collisions at sq.rt(s(NN))=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 105:062301. [PMID: 20867976 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.062301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Differential measurements of the elliptic (v(2)) and hexadecapole (v(4)) Fourier flow coefficients are reported for charged hadrons as a function of transverse momentum (p(T)) and collision centrality or number of participant nucleons (N(part)) for Au+Au collisions at sq.rt(s(NN))=200 GeV. The v(2,4) measurements at pseudorapidity |η|≤0.35, obtained with four separate reaction-plane detectors positioned in the range 1.0<|η|<3.9, show good agreement, indicating the absence of significant Δη-dependent nonflow correlations. Sizable values for v(4)(p(T)) are observed with a ratio v(4)(p(T),N(part))/v(2)(2)(p(T),N(part))≈0.8 for 50≲N(part)≲200, which is compatible with the combined effects of a finite viscosity and initial eccentricity fluctuations. For N(part)≳200 this ratio increases up to 1.7 in the most central collisions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aphecetche L, Aramaki Y, Asai J, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Belmont R, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Boissevain JG, Bok JS, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chen CH, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Christiansen P, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Chvala O, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Connors M, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Danchev I, Das K, Datta A, David G, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durham JM, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Edwards S, Efremenko YV, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HA, Hadj Henni A, Haggerty JS, Hahn KI, Hamagaki H, Hamblen J, Hanks J, Han R, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hegyi S, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ide J, Iinuma H, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Jumper DS, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Kawall D, Kawashima M, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim EJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kim YJ, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kochenda L, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee J, Lee KB, Lee K, Lee KS, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Leitner E, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Linden Levy LA, Liska T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Luechtenborg R, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masek L, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mignerey AC, Mikes P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Niita T, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Okada K, Oka M, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park IH, Park J, Park SK, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Pisani RP, Proissl M, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Richardson E, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosen CA, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ruzicka P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sano S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunecka M, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Sparks NA, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Tarafdar S, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomásek L, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Vazquez-Zambrano E, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vértesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wang XR, Watanabe D, Watanabe K, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wei R, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Wood JP, Woody CL, Wright RM, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, You Z, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Transition in yield and azimuthal shape modification in dihadron correlations in relativistic heavy ion collisions. Phys Rev Lett 2010; 104:252301. [PMID: 20867367 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.252301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
Hard-scattered parton probes produced in collisions of large nuclei indicate large partonic energy loss, possibly with collective produced-medium response to the lost energy. We present measurements of π^{0} trigger particles at transverse momenta p{T}{t}=4-12 GeV/c and associated charged hadrons (p{T}{a}=0.5-7 GeV/c) vs relative azimuthal angle Δϕ in Au+Au and p+p collisions at sqrt[s{NN}]=200 GeV. The Au+Au distribution at low p{T}{a}, whose shape has been interpreted as a medium effect, is modified for p{T}{t}<7 GeV/c. At higher p{T}{t}, the data are consistent with unmodified or very weakly modified shapes, even for the lowest measured p{T}{a}, which quantitatively challenges some medium response models. The associated yield of hadrons opposing the trigger particle in Au+Au relative to p+p (I{AA}) is suppressed at high p{T} (I{AA}≈0.35-0.5), but less than for inclusive suppression (R{AA}≈0.2).
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aphecetche L, Armendariz R, Aronson SH, Asai J, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Boissevain JG, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chernichenko S, Chiba J, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cleven CR, Cole BA, Comets MP, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Das K, David G, Deaton MB, Dehmelt K, Delagrange H, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Efremenko YV, Egdemir J, Ellinghaus F, Emam WS, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Gadrat S, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Perdekamp MG, Gunji T, Gustafsson HA, Hachiya T, Henni AH, Haegemann C, Haggerty JS, Hamagaki H, Han R, Harada H, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hiejima H, Hill JC, Hobbs R, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Inoue Y, Isenhower D, Isenhower L, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Jinnouchi O, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kaneta M, Kang JH, Kanou H, Kapustinsky J, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Kiyomichi A, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kubart J, Kunde GJ, Kurihara N, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee KB, Lee MK, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Liska T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masek L, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mikes P, Miki K, Miller TE, Milov A, Mioduszewski S, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mitrovski M, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagata Y, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Niita T, Norman BE, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Ohnishi H, Okada H, Okada K, Oka M, Omiwade OO, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pal D, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park J, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reuter M, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Romana A, Rosati M, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ruzicka P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Sakata H, Samsonov V, Sato S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shevel A, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Skutnik S, Slunecka M, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Tabaru T, Takagi S, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tojo J, Tomásek L, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vertesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wagner M, Walker D, Wang XR, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Woody CL, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Yasin Z, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zimányi J, Zolin L. Measurement of bottom versus charm as a function of transverse momentum with electron-hadron correlations in p + p collisions at square root of s = 200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:082002. [PMID: 19792719 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.082002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2009] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The momentum distribution of electrons from semileptonic decays of charm and bottom quarks for midrapidity |y|<0.35 in p+p collisions at square root of s=200 GeV is measured by the PHENIX experiment at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider over the transverse momentum range 2<pT<7 GeV/c. The ratio of the yield of electrons from bottom to that from charm is presented. The ratio is determined using partial D/D-->e(+/-)K(-/+)X (K unidentified) reconstruction. It is found that the yield of electrons from bottom becomes significant above 4 GeV/c in pT. A fixed-order-plus-next-to-leading-log perturbative quantum chromodynamics calculation agrees with the data within the theoretical and experimental uncertainties. The extracted total bottom production cross section at this energy is sigma(bb)=3.2(-1.1)(+1.2)(stat)(-1.3)(+1.4)(syst)mub.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aphecetche L, Asai J, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Boissevain JG, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chand P, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chernichenko S, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cole BA, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Das K, David G, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Efremenko YV, Egdemir J, Ellinghaus F, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, de Cassagnac RG, Grau N, Greene SV, Perdekamp MG, Gunji T, Gustafsson HA, Henni AH, Haggerty JS, Hamagaki H, Han R, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hill JC, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Isenhower D, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kang JH, Kapustinsky J, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kunde GJ, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee KB, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Liska T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masek L, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mikes P, Miki K, Milov A, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Niita T, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Okada H, Okada K, Oka M, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park J, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reuter M, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Rosati M, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ruzicka P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Samsonov V, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Slunecka M, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Taneja S, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tomásek L, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, van Hecke HW, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vertesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Walker D, Wang XR, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wessels J, White SN, Williamson S, Winter D, Woody CL, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zolin L. Gluon-spin contribution to the proton spin from the double-helicity asymmetry in inclusive pi0 production in polarized p+p collisions at [sqrt]s=200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2009; 103:012003. [PMID: 19659137 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.103.012003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2008] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The double helicity asymmetry in neutral pion production for pT=1 to 12 GeV/c was measured with the PHENIX experiment to access the gluon-spin contribution, DeltaG, to the proton spin. Measured asymmetries are consistent with zero, and at a theory scale of micro2=4 GeV2 a next to leading order QCD analysis gives DeltaG[0.02,0.3]=0.2, with a constraint of -0.7<DeltaG[0.02,0.3]<0.5 at Deltachi2=9 (approximately 3sigma) for the sampled gluon momentum fraction (x) range, 0.02 to 0.3. The results are obtained using predictions for the measured asymmetries generated from four representative fits to polarized deep inelastic scattering data. We also consider the dependence of the DeltaG constraint on the choice of the theoretical scale, a dominant uncertainty in these predictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Solvignon P, Liyanage N, Chen JP, Choi S, Aniol K, Averett T, Boeglin W, Camsonne A, Cates GD, Chang CC, Chudakov E, Craver B, Cusanno F, Deur A, Dutta D, Ent R, Feuerbach R, Frullani S, Gao H, Garibaldi F, Gilman R, Glashausser C, Gorbenko V, Hansen O, Higinbotham DW, Ibrahim H, Jiang X, Jones M, Kelleher A, Kelly J, Keppel C, Kim W, Korsch W, Kramer K, Kumbartzki G, Lerose JJ, Lindgren R, Ma B, Margaziotis DJ, Markowitz P, McCormick K, Meziani ZE, Michaels R, Moffit B, Monaghan P, Munoz Camacho C, Paschke K, Reitz B, Saha A, Sheyor R, Singh J, Slifer K, Sulkosky V, Tobias A, Urciuoli GM, Wang K, Wijesooriya K, Wojtsekhowski B, Woo S, Yang JC, Zheng X, Zhu L. Quark-hadron duality in neutron (3He) spin structure. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:182502. [PMID: 18999823 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.182502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We present experimental results of the first high-precision test of quark-hadron duality in the spin-structure function g_{1} of the neutron and 3He using a polarized 3He target in the four-momentum-transfer-squared range from 0.7 to 4.0 (GeV/c);{2}. Global duality is observed for the spin-structure function g_{1} down to at least Q;{2}=1.8 (GeV/c);{2} in both targets. We have also formed the photon-nucleon asymmetry A1 in the resonance region for 3He and found no strong Q2 dependence above 2.2 (GeV/c);{2}.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Solvignon
- Argonne National Laboratory, Argonne, Illinois 60439, USA
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Adare A, Afanasiev S, Aidala C, Ajitanand NN, Akiba Y, Al-Bataineh H, Alexander J, Aoki K, Aphecetche L, Armendariz R, Aronson SH, Asai J, Atomssa ET, Averbeck R, Awes TC, Azmoun B, Babintsev V, Bai M, Baksay G, Baksay L, Baldisseri A, Barish KN, Barnes PD, Bassalleck B, Basye AT, Bathe S, Batsouli S, Baublis V, Baumann C, Bazilevsky A, Belikov S, Bennett R, Berdnikov A, Berdnikov Y, Bickley AA, Boissevain JG, Borel H, Boyle K, Brooks ML, Buesching H, Bumazhnov V, Bunce G, Butsyk S, Camacho CM, Campbell S, Chang BS, Chang WC, Charvet JL, Chernichenko S, Chiba J, Chi CY, Chiu M, Choi IJ, Choudhury RK, Chujo T, Chung P, Churyn A, Cianciolo V, Citron Z, Cleven CR, Cole BA, Comets MP, Constantin P, Csanád M, Csörgo T, Dahms T, Dairaku S, Das K, David G, Deaton MB, Dehmelt K, Delagrange H, Denisov A, d'Enterria D, Deshpande A, Desmond EJ, Dietzsch O, Dion A, Donadelli M, Drapier O, Drees A, Drees KA, Dubey AK, Durum A, Dutta D, Dzhordzhadze V, Efremenko YV, Egdemir J, Ellinghaus F, Emam WS, Engelmore T, Enokizono A, En'yo H, Esumi S, Eyser KO, Fadem B, Fields DE, Finger M, Finger M, Fleuret F, Fokin SL, Fraenkel Z, Frantz JE, Franz A, Frawley AD, Fujiwara K, Fukao Y, Fusayasu T, Gadrat S, Garishvili I, Glenn A, Gong H, Gonin M, Gosset J, Goto Y, Granier de Cassagnac R, Grau N, Greene SV, Grosse Perdekamp M, Gunji T, Gustafsson HA, Hachiya T, Hadj Henni A, Haegemann C, Haggerty JS, Hamagaki H, Han R, Harada H, Hartouni EP, Haruna K, Haslum E, Hayano R, Heffner M, Hemmick TK, Hester T, He X, Hiejima H, Hill JC, Hobbs R, Hohlmann M, Holzmann W, Homma K, Hong B, Horaguchi T, Hornback D, Huang S, Ichihara T, Ichimiya R, Ikeda Y, Imai K, Imrek J, Inaba M, Inoue Y, Isenhower D, Isenhower L, Ishihara M, Isobe T, Issah M, Isupov A, Ivanischev D, Jacak BV, Jia J, Jin J, Jinnouchi O, Johnson BM, Joo KS, Jouan D, Kajihara F, Kametani S, Kamihara N, Kamin J, Kaneta M, Kang JH, Kanou H, Kapustinsky J, Kawall D, Kazantsev AV, Kempel T, Khanzadeev A, Kijima KM, Kikuchi J, Kim BI, Kim DH, Kim DJ, Kim E, Kim SH, Kinney E, Kiriluk K, Kiss A, Kistenev E, Kiyomichi A, Klay J, Klein-Boesing C, Kochenda L, Kochetkov V, Komkov B, Konno M, Koster J, Kotchetkov D, Kozlov A, Král A, Kravitz A, Kubart J, Kunde GJ, Kurihara N, Kurita K, Kurosawa M, Kweon MJ, Kwon Y, Kyle GS, Lacey R, Lai YS, Lai YS, Lajoie JG, Layton D, Lebedev A, Lee DM, Lee KB, Lee MK, Lee T, Leitch MJ, Leite MAL, Lenzi B, Liebing P, Liska T, Litvinenko A, Liu H, Liu MX, Li X, Love B, Lynch D, Maguire CF, Makdisi YI, Malakhov A, Malik MD, Manko VI, Mannel E, Mao Y, Masek L, Masui H, Matathias F, McCumber M, McGaughey PL, Means N, Meredith B, Miake Y, Mikes P, Miki K, Miller TE, Milov A, Mioduszewski S, Mishra M, Mitchell JT, Mitrovski M, Mohanty AK, Morino Y, Morreale A, Morrison DP, Moukhanova TV, Mukhopadhyay D, Murata J, Nagamiya S, Nagata Y, Nagle JL, Naglis M, Nagy MI, Nakagawa I, Nakamiya Y, Nakamura T, Nakano K, Newby J, Nguyen M, Niita T, Norman BE, Nouicer R, Nyanin AS, O'Brien E, Oda SX, Ogilvie CA, Ohnishi H, Okada H, Okada K, Oka M, Omiwade OO, Onuki Y, Oskarsson A, Ouchida M, Ozawa K, Pak R, Pal D, Palounek APT, Pantuev V, Papavassiliou V, Park J, Park WJ, Pate SF, Pei H, Peng JC, Pereira H, Peresedov V, Peressounko DY, Pinkenburg C, Purschke ML, Purwar AK, Qu H, Rak J, Rakotozafindrabe A, Ravinovich I, Read KF, Rembeczki S, Reuter M, Reygers K, Riabov V, Riabov Y, Roach D, Roche G, Rolnick SD, Romana A, Rosati M, Rosendahl SSE, Rosnet P, Rukoyatkin P, Ruzicka P, Rykov VL, Sahlmueller B, Saito N, Sakaguchi T, Sakai S, Sakashita K, Sakata H, Samsonov V, Sato S, Sato T, Sawada S, Sedgwick K, Seele J, Seidl R, Semenov AY, Semenov V, Seto R, Sharma D, Shein I, Shevel A, Shibata TA, Shigaki K, Shimomura M, Shoji K, Shukla P, Sickles A, Silva CL, Silvermyr D, Silvestre C, Sim KS, Singh BK, Singh CP, Singh V, Skutnik S, Slunecka M, Soldatov A, Soltz RA, Sondheim WE, Sorensen SP, Sourikova IV, Staley F, Stankus PW, Stenlund E, Stepanov M, Ster A, Stoll SP, Sugitate T, Suire C, Sukhanov A, Sziklai J, Tabaru T, Takagi S, Takagui EM, Taketani A, Tanabe R, Tanaka Y, Tanida K, Tannenbaum MJ, Taranenko A, Tarján P, Themann H, Thomas TL, Togawa M, Toia A, Tojo J, Tomásek L, Tomita Y, Torii H, Towell RS, Tram VN, Tserruya I, Tsuchimoto Y, Vale C, Valle H, vanHecke HW, Veicht A, Velkovska J, Vertesi R, Vinogradov AA, Virius M, Vrba V, Vznuzdaev E, Wagner M, Walker D, Wang XR, Watanabe Y, Wei F, Wessels J, White SN, Winter D, Woody CL, Wysocki M, Xie W, Yamaguchi YL, Yamaura K, Yang R, Yanovich A, Yasin Z, Ying J, Yokkaichi S, Young GR, Younus I, Yushmanov IE, Zajc WA, Zaudtke O, Zhang C, Zhou S, Zimányi J, Zolin L. Onset of pi(0) suppression studied in Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt S NN=22.4, 62.4, and 200 GeV. Phys Rev Lett 2008; 101:162301. [PMID: 18999660 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.101.162301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2008] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Neutral pion transverse momentum (p(T)) spectra at midrapidity (|y| less than or approximately 0.35) were measured in Cu+Cu collisions at sqrt[s(NN)]=22.4, 62.4, and 200 GeV. Relative to pi_(0) yields in p+p collisions scaled by the number of inelastic nucleon-nucleon collisions (N(coll) the pi_(0) yields for p(T) more than or approximately 2 GeV/c in central Cu+Cu collisions are suppressed at 62.4 and 200 GeV whereas an enhancement is observed at 22.4 GeV. A comparison with a jet-quenching model suggests that final state parton energy loss dominates in central Cu+Cu collisions at 62.4 and 200 GeV, while the enhancement at 22.4 GeV is consistent with nuclear modifications in the initial state alone.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Adare
- University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado 80309, USA
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Franco L, Romo AH, Camacho CM. [Lead content's in the blood of children residing in Mexico City, D. F]. Salud Publica Mex 1975; 17:337-42. [PMID: 1198257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
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