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Praveen Kumar C, Aggarwal LM, Bhasi S, Sharma N. A Monte Carlo simulation-based decision support system for radiation oncologists in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme. Radiat Environ Biophys 2024; 63:215-262. [PMID: 38664268 DOI: 10.1007/s00411-024-01065-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/15/2024]
Abstract
In the present research, we have developed a model-based crisp logic function statistical classifier decision support system supplemented with treatment planning systems for radiation oncologists in the treatment of glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). This system is based on Monte Carlo radiation transport simulation and it recreates visualization of treatment environments on mathematical anthropomorphic brain (MAB) phantoms. Energy deposition within tumour tissue and normal tissues are graded by quality audit factors which ensure planned dose delivery to tumour site thereby minimising damages to healthy tissues. The proposed novel methodology predicts tumour growth response to radiation therapy from a patient-specific medicine quality audit perspective. Validation of the study was achieved by recreating thirty-eight patient-specific mathematical anthropomorphic brain phantoms of treatment environments by taking into consideration density variation and composition of brain tissues. Dose computations accomplished through water phantom, tissue-equivalent head phantoms are neither cost-effective, nor patient-specific customized and is often less accurate. The above-highlighted drawbacks can be overcome by using open-source Electron Gamma Shower (EGSnrc) software and clinical case reports for MAB phantom synthesis which would result in accurate dosimetry with due consideration to the time factors. Considerable dose deviations occur at the tumour site for environments with intraventricular glioblastoma, haematoma, abscess, trapped air and cranial flaps leading to quality factors with a lower logic value of 0. Logic value of 1 depicts higher dose deposition within healthy tissues and also leptomeninges for majority of the environments which results in radiation-induced laceration.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Praveen Kumar
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology - BHU, Varanasi, India.
| | - Lalit M Aggarwal
- Department of Radiotherapy, Institute of Medical Sciences - BHU, Varanasi, India
| | - Saju Bhasi
- Division of Radiation Physics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram, India
| | - Neeraj Sharma
- School of Biomedical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology - BHU, Varanasi, India
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Kumar S, Dwivedi AK, Ojha CSP, Kumar V, Pant A, Mishra PK, Patidar N, Singh S, Sarkar A, Janardhanan S, Kumar CP, Mainuddin M. Numerical groundwater modelling for studying surface water-groundwater interaction and impact of reduced draft on groundwater resources in central Ganga basin. Math Biosci Eng 2022; 19:11114-11136. [PMID: 36124583 DOI: 10.3934/mbe.2022518] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Water resources in India's Indo-Gangetic plains are over-exploited and vulnerable to impacts of climate change. The unequal spatial and temporal variation of meteorological, hydrological and hydrogeological parameters has created additional challenges for field engineers and policy planners. The groundwater and surface water are extensively utilized in the middle Gangetic plain for agriculture. The primary purpose of this study is to understand the discharge and recharge processes of groundwater system using trend analysis, and surface water and groundwater interaction using groundwater modelling. A comprehensive hydrological, and hydrogeological data analysis was carried out and a numerical groundwater model was developed for Bhojpur district, Bihar, India covering 2395 km2 geographical area, located in central Ganga basin. The groundwater level data analyses for the year 2018 revealed that depth to water level varies from 3.0 to 9.0 meter below ground level (m bgl) in the study area. The M-K test showed no significant declining trend in the groundwater level in the study area. The groundwater modelling results revealed that groundwater head is higher in the southern part of the district and the groundwater flow direction is from south-west to north-east. The groundwater head fluctuation between the monsoon and the summer seasons was observed to be 2 m, it is also witnessed that groundwater is contributing more to rivers in the monsoon season in comparison with other seasons. Impact of reduction in pumping on groundwater heads was also investigated, considering a 10% reduction in groundwater withdrawal. The results indicated an overall head rise of 2 m in the southern part and 0.2-0.5 m in the middle and northern part of the district.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumant Kumar
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | | | - Vinod Kumar
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Apourv Pant
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - P K Mishra
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Nitesh Patidar
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Surjeet Singh
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | - Archana Sarkar
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
| | | | - C P Kumar
- National Institute of Hydrology, Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India
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Kothakota SR, Kumar Nair A, Sasidharan M, Kareem H, Praveen Kumar C, Kanala J. Extrapulmonary Sarcoidosis Manifested as Cirrhosis with Portal Hypertension. Middle East J Dig Dis 2021; 13:160-162. [PMID: 34712455 PMCID: PMC8531926 DOI: 10.34172/mejdd.2021.220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2020] [Accepted: 01/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Hepatic involvement has been reported in 20-30% of patients with systemic sarcoidosis. However, isolated liver involvement is rare. We report a case of cirrhosis with portal hypertension, diagnosed as hepatic sarcoidosis based on high angiotensin-converting enzyme level and presence of multiple non-caseating granulomas in liver histopathology. She improved clinically after treatment with steroid and ursodeoxycholic acid.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ajith Kumar Nair
- Department of Medical Sciences, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Kerala, India
| | - Madhu Sasidharan
- Department of Medical Sciences, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Kerala, India
| | - Harish Kareem
- Department of Medical Sciences, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Kerala, India
| | - C Praveen Kumar
- Senior Resident, Kerala Institute of Medical Sciences, Kerala, India
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Unnikrishnan B, Pandey A, Gayatri Saran JS, Praveen Kumar C, Ulligaddi B, Mariyam AA, Rathi P. Health insurance schemes: A cross-sectional study on levels of awareness by patients attending a tertiary care hospital of coastal south India. International Journal of Healthcare Management 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/20479700.2019.1654660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bhaskaran Unnikrishnan
- Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Abhinav Pandey
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | | | - C. Praveen Kumar
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Basavaraj Ulligaddi
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Ashfiya Afrath Mariyam
- Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
| | - Priya Rathi
- Community Medicine, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, India
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Gupta
- Department of Pathology, Pt B. D. Sharma Post Graduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Rohtak, India.
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Abstract
Cleistanthin B is a potential anticancer agent isolated from the tropical plant Cleistanthus collinus. We have previously shown that cleistanthin B is clastogenic and induces micronuclei formation and chromosomal aberrations. We now show that this compound inhibits DNA synthesis in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells and induces apoptosis in cervical carcinoma (SiHa) cells. Flow cytometric analysis of cleistanthin treated CHO cells revealed that they were blocked in G1. Cervical carcinoma (SiHa) cells exposed to cleistanthin B shrank, rounded up and had condensed chromatin and fragmented nuclei. DNA isolated from cleistanthin treated cells exhibited the characteristic apoptotic ladder when electrophoresed in agarose gels. These results were confirmed by flow cytometry. Etoposide, a structurally similar compound also induced apoptosis in these cells although with a difference. Etoposide induced apoptosis after permitting cells to enter into S phase, while cleistanthin B stopped entry of cells into S phase and subsequently drove them to apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- C P Kumar
- Cancer Biology Division, School of Biological Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-625 021, India
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