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Gouirand V, Gicquel T, Lien EC, Jaune‐Pons E, Da Costa Q, Finetti P, Metay E, Duluc C, Mayers JR, Audebert S, Camoin L, Borge L, Rubis M, Leca J, Nigri J, Bertucci F, Dusetti N, Lucio Iovanna J, Tomasini R, Bidaut G, Guillaumond F, Vander Heiden MG, Vasseur S. Ketogenic HMG-CoA lyase and its product β-hydroxybutyrate promote pancreatic cancer progression. EMBO J 2022; 41:e110466. [PMID: 35307861 PMCID: PMC9058543 DOI: 10.15252/embj.2021110466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) tumor cells are deprived of oxygen and nutrients and therefore must adapt their metabolism to ensure proliferation. In some physiological states, cells rely on ketone bodies to satisfy their metabolic needs, especially during nutrient stress. Here, we show that PDA cells can activate ketone body metabolism and that β-hydroxybutyrate (βOHB) is an alternative cell-intrinsic or systemic fuel that can promote PDA growth and progression. PDA cells activate enzymes required for ketogenesis, utilizing various nutrients as carbon sources for ketone body formation. By assessing metabolic gene expression from spontaneously arising PDA tumors in mice, we find HMG-CoA lyase (HMGCL), involved in ketogenesis, to be among the most deregulated metabolic enzymes in PDA compared to normal pancreas. In vitro depletion of HMGCL impedes migration, tumor cell invasiveness, and anchorage-independent tumor sphere compaction. Moreover, disrupting HMGCL drastically decreases PDA tumor growth in vivo, while βOHB stimulates metastatic dissemination to the liver. These findings suggest that βOHB increases PDA aggressiveness and identify HMGCL and ketogenesis as metabolic targets for limiting PDA progression.
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Samain R, Brunel A, Douché T, Fanjul M, Cassant-Sourdy S, Rochotte J, Cros J, Neuzillet C, Raffenne J, Duluc C, Perraud A, Nigri J, Gigoux V, Bieche I, Ponzo M, Carpentier G, Cascone I, Tomasini R, Schmid HA, Mathonnet M, Nicolle R, Bousquet MP, Martineau Y, Pyronnet S, Jean C, Bousquet C. Pharmacologic Normalization of Pancreatic Cancer-Associated Fibroblast Secretome Impairs Prometastatic Cross-Talk With Macrophages. Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 11:1405-1436. [PMID: 33482394 PMCID: PMC8024982 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcmgh.2021.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) from pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PDA) present high protein synthesis rates. CAFs express the G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptor sst1. The sst1 agonist SOM230 blocks CAF protumoral features in vitro and in immunocompromised mice. We have explored here the therapeutic potential of SOM230, and underlying mechanisms, in immunocompetent models of murine PDA mimicking the heavy fibrotic and immunosuppressive stroma observed in patient tumors. METHODS Large-scale mass spectrometry analyses were performed on media conditioned from 9 patient PDA-derived CAF primary cultures. Spontaneous transgenic and experimental (orthotopic co-graft of tumor cells plus CAFs) PDA-bearing mice were longitudinally ultrasound-monitored for tumor and metastatic progression. Histopathology and flow cytometry analyses were performed on primary tumors and metastases. Stromal signatures were functionally validated through bioinformatics using several published, and 1 original, PDA database. RESULTS Proteomics on the CAF secretome showed that SOM230 controls stromal activities including inflammatory responses. Among the identified secreted proteins, we validated that colony-stimulating factor 1 (CSF-1) (a macrophage growth factor) was reduced by SOM230 in the tumor and plasma of PDA-harboring mice, alongside intratumor stromal normalization (reduced CAF and macrophage activities), and dramatic metastasis reduction. In transgenic mice, these SOM230 benefits alleviate the chemotherapy-induced (gemcitabine) immunosuppressive stroma reshaping. Mechanistically, SOM230 acts in vivo on CAFs through sst1 to disrupt prometastatic CAF production of CSF-1 and cross-talk with macrophages. We found that in patients, stromal CSF-1 was associated with aggressive PDA forms. CONCLUSIONS We propose SOM230 as an antimetastatic therapy in PDA for its capacity to remodel the fibrotic and immunosuppressive myeloid stroma. This pharmacotherapy should benefit PDA patients treated with chemotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémi Samain
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Alexia Brunel
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Thibault Douché
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Marjorie Fanjul
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Cassant-Sourdy
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Julia Rochotte
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Jérôme Cros
- Department of Pathology, Beaujon-Bichat University Hospital–Paris Diderot University, Clichy, France
| | - Cindy Neuzillet
- Medical Oncology Department, Curie Institute, Versailles Saint-Quentin University, Saint Cloud, France
| | - Jérôme Raffenne
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Duluc
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Perraud
- Equipe d'Accueil EA 3842 Laboratory, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculties, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Jérémy Nigri
- INSERM U1068/UMR 7258 CNRS, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | - Véronique Gigoux
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Ivan Bieche
- Department of Genetics, Institut Curie, Paris Descartes University, Paris, France
| | - Matteo Ponzo
- Growth, Reparation and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL-CNRS 9215, University of Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Gilles Carpentier
- Growth, Reparation and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL-CNRS 9215, University of Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Ilaria Cascone
- Growth, Reparation and Tissue Regeneration Laboratory, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL-CNRS 9215, University of Paris-Est, Créteil, France
| | - Richard Tomasini
- INSERM U1068/UMR 7258 CNRS, Cancer Research Center of Marseille, Marseille, France
| | | | - Muriel Mathonnet
- Equipe d'Accueil EA 3842 Laboratory, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculties, University of Limoges, Limoges, France
| | - Rémy Nicolle
- Programme Cartes d’Identité des Tumeurs, Ligue Nationale Contre Le Cancer, Paris, France
| | - Marie-Pierre Bousquet
- Institute for Pharmacology and Structural Biology, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yvan Martineau
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Pyronnet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Jean
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Bousquet
- Centre de Recherches en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Université de Toulouse, INSERM Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR-1037, CNRS Equipe de Recherche Labellisée ERL5294, Equipe de Recherche Labellisée "Ligue Contre le Cancer" & "LabEx Toucan", Toulouse, France,Correspondence Address correspondence to: Corinne Bousquet, VMD, PhD, INSERM U1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, 2 Avenue Hubert Curien, CS53717, 31037 Toulouse Cedex 1, France. fax: (33) (0) 56131-9752.
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Moatassim-Billah S, Duluc C, Samain R, Jean C, Perraud A, Decaup E, Cassant-Sourdy S, Bakri Y, Selves J, Schmid H, Martineau Y, Mathonnet M, Pyronnet S, Bousquet C. Anti-metastatic potential of somatostatin analog SOM230: Indirect pharmacological targeting of pancreatic cancer-associated fibroblasts. Oncotarget 2018; 7:41584-41598. [PMID: 27177087 PMCID: PMC5173080 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.9296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) shows a rich stroma where cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) represent the major cell type. CAFs are master secretors of proteins with pro-tumor features. CAF targeting remains a promising challenge for PDA, a devastating disease where treatments focusing on cancer cells have failed. We previously introduced a novel pharmacological CAF-targeting approach using the somatostatin analog SOM230 (pasireotide) that inhibits protein synthesis in CAFs, and subsequent chemoprotective features of CAF secretome. Using primary cultures of CAF isolated from human PDA resections, we here report that CAF secretome stimulates in vitro cancer cell survival, migration and invasive features, that are abolished when CAFs are treated with SOM230. Mechanistically, SOM230 inhibitory effect on CAFs depends on the somatostatin receptor subtype sst1 expressed in CAFs but not in non-activated pancreatic fibroblasts, and on protein synthesis shutdown through eiF4E-Binding Protein-1 (4E-BP1) expression decrease. We identify interleukin-6 as a SOM230-inhibited CAF-secreted effector, which stimulates cancer cell features through phosphoinositide 3-kinase activation. In vivo, mice orthotopically co-xenografted with the human pancreatic cancer MiaPaCa-2 cells and CAFs develop pancreatic tumors, on which SOM230 treatment does not inhibit growth but abrogates metastasis. Consistently, CAF secretome stimulates epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition in cancer cells, which is reversed upon CAF treatment with SOM230. Our results highlight a novel promising anti-metastatic potential for SOM230 indirectly targeting pancreatic cancer cell invasion through pharmacological inhibition of stromal CAFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siham Moatassim-Billah
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France.,Biochemistry-Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, University Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Camille Duluc
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Samain
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Christine Jean
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Perraud
- EA 3842 Laboratory, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculties, Limoges University, Limoges, France
| | - Emilie Decaup
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Cassant-Sourdy
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Youssef Bakri
- Biochemistry-Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, University Mohammed V-Agdal, Rabat, Morocco
| | - Janick Selves
- Pathology Department, Institut Universitaire du Cancer de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Herbert Schmid
- Oncology Global Development, Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Yvan Martineau
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Muriel Mathonnet
- EA 3842 Laboratory, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculties, Limoges University, Limoges, France
| | - Stéphane Pyronnet
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Bousquet
- Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), INSERM UMR 1037-University Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, Toulouse, France
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Duluc C, Moatassim-Billah S, Chalabi-Dchar M, Perraud A, Samain R, Breibach F, Gayral M, Cordelier P, Delisle MB, Bousquet-Dubouch MP, Tomasini R, Schmid H, Mathonnet M, Pyronnet S, Martineau Y, Bousquet C. Pharmacological targeting of the protein synthesis mTOR/4E-BP1 pathway in cancer-associated fibroblasts abrogates pancreatic tumour chemoresistance. EMBO Mol Med 2016; 7:735-53. [PMID: 25834145 PMCID: PMC4459815 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.201404346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 148] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is extremely stroma-rich. Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) secrete proteins that activate survival and promote chemoresistance of cancer cells. Our results demonstrate that CAF secretome-triggered chemoresistance is abolished upon inhibition of the protein synthesis mTOR/4E-BP1 regulatory pathway which we found highly activated in primary cultures of α-SMA-positive CAFs, isolated from human PDAC resections. CAFs selectively express the sst1 somatostatin receptor. The SOM230 analogue (Pasireotide) activates the sst1 receptor and inhibits the mTOR/4E-BP1 pathway and the resultant synthesis of secreted proteins including IL-6. Consequently, tumour growth and chemoresistance in nude mice xenografted with pancreatic cancer cells and CAFs, or with pieces of resected human PDACs, are reduced when chemotherapy (gemcitabine) is combined with SOM230 treatment. While gemcitabine alone has marginal effects, SOM230 is permissive to gemcitabine-induced cancer cell apoptosis and acts as an antifibrotic agent. We propose that selective inhibition of CAF protein synthesis with sst1-directed pharmacological compounds represents an anti-stromal-targeted therapy with promising chemosensitization potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camille Duluc
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Siham Moatassim-Billah
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France Biochemistry-Immunology Laboratory, Faculty of Sciences Rabat, University Mohammed V - Agdal, Agdal, Morocco
| | - Mounira Chalabi-Dchar
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Aurélie Perraud
- EA 3842 Laboratory, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculties, Limoges University, Limoges, France
| | - Rémi Samain
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Marion Gayral
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Pierre Cordelier
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | | | - Marie-Pierre Bousquet-Dubouch
- CNRS UMR-5089, Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie structurale (IPBS), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Richard Tomasini
- CRCM, INSERM, U1068; Paoli-Calmettes Institute; Aix-Marseille University, UM105; CNRS, UMR7258, Marseille, France
| | | | - Muriel Mathonnet
- EA 3842 Laboratory, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculties, Limoges University, Limoges, France
| | - Stéphane Pyronnet
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Yvan Martineau
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Bousquet
- INSERM UMR-1037, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), Université de Toulouse, Toulouse, France
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Duluc C, Moatassim S, Chalabi M, Perraud A, Martineau Y, Breibach F, Delisle MB, Mathonnet M, Schmid HA, Pyronnet S, Bousquet C. Abstract 402: Pasireotide reduces chemoresistance in pancreatic tumor cells by inhibiting the synthesis and secretion of growth factors from tumor associated fibroblasts. Cancer Res 2015. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2015-402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is extremely rich in stroma. By secreting tremendous amounts of soluble and un-soluble proteins, stromal cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) can induce tumor chemoresistance by activating survival signals in cancer cells and preventing drug delivery through increased fibrosis. Our results demonstrate that chemoresistance triggered by the CAF secretome is strongly reduced upon inhibition of CAF protein synthesis. This is achieved by impinging upon the PI3K/mTOR/4E-BP1 pathway that we found highly activated in primary cultures of alpha-SMA-positive CAFs isolated from human PDAC. CAFs, but not normal pancreatic fibroblasts, express primarily the sstr1 somatostatin receptor subtype whose activation by the somatostatin analogue SOM230 (Pasireotide) strongly inhibits the PI3K/mTOR/4E-BP1 pathway and the resulting synthesis of secreted proteins including IL-6 and collagen-I. As a consequence, the growth and chemoresistance of pancreatic tumors provided by co-injection of CAFs in nude mice are overcome when chemotherapy (such as gemcitabine) is combined to pasireotide treatment. While gemcitabine or pasireotide alone have marginal effects, the combined treatment markedly decreases fibrosis and strongly enhances cancer cell apoptosis due to increased cell sensitivity to gemcitabine. We propose that selective inhibition of CAF protein synthesis and secretion with sstr1-directed pharmacological compounds represents an anti-stromal targeted therapy with a promising potential in chemosensitization.
Citation Format: Camille Duluc, Siham Moatassim, Mounira Chalabi, Aurélie Perraud, Yvan Martineau, Florence Breibach, Marie-Bernadette Delisle, Muriel Mathonnet, Herbert A. Schmid, Stéphane Pyronnet, Corinne Bousquet. Pasireotide reduces chemoresistance in pancreatic tumor cells by inhibiting the synthesis and secretion of growth factors from tumor associated fibroblasts. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 106th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2015 Apr 18-22; Philadelphia, PA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2015;75(15 Suppl):Abstract nr 402. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2015-402
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Chalabi-Dchar M, Cassant-Sourdy S, Duluc C, Fanjul M, Lulka H, Samain R, Roche C, Breibach F, Delisle MB, Poupot M, Dufresne M, Shimaoka T, Yonehara S, Mathonnet M, Pyronnet S, Bousquet C. Loss of Somatostatin Receptor Subtype 2 Promotes Growth of KRAS-Induced Pancreatic Tumors in Mice by Activating PI3K Signaling and Overexpression of CXCL16. Gastroenterology 2015; 148:1452-65. [PMID: 25683115 DOI: 10.1053/j.gastro.2015.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2014] [Revised: 02/04/2015] [Accepted: 02/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS The KRAS gene is mutated in most pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas (PDAC). Expression of this KRAS oncoprotein in mice is sufficient to initiate carcinogenesis but not progression to cancer. Activation of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate 3-kinase (PI3K) is required for KRAS for induction and maintenance of PDAC in mice. The somatostatin receptor subtype 2 (sst2) inhibits PI3K, but sst2 expression is lost during the development of human PDAC. We investigated the effects of sst2 loss during KRAS-induced PDAC development in mice. METHODS We analyzed tumor growth in mice that expressed the oncogenic form of KRAS (KRAS(G12D)) in pancreatic precursor cells, as well as sst2+/- and sst2-/-, and in crossed KRAS(G12D);sst2+/- and KRAS(G12D);sst2-/- mice. Pancreatic tissues and acini were collected and assessed by histologic, immunoblot, immunohistochemical, and reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction analyses. We also compared protein levels in paraffin-embedded PDAC samples from patients vs heathy pancreatic tissues from individuals without pancreatic cancer. RESULTS In sst2+/- mice, PI3K was activated and signaled via AKT (PKB; protein kinase B); when these mice were crossed with KRAS(G12D) mice, premalignant lesions, tumors, and lymph node metastases developed more rapidly than in KRAS(G12D) mice. In crossed KRAS(G12D);sst2+/- mice, activation of PI3K signaling via AKT resulted in activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), which increased KRAS activity and its downstream pathways, promoting initiation and progression of neoplastic lesions. We found this activation loop to be mediated by PI3K-induced production of the chemokine CXCL16. Administration of a CXCL16-neutralizing antibody to KRAS(G12D) mice reduced activation of PI3K signaling to AKT and NF-κB, blocking carcinogenesis. Levels of CXCL16 and its receptor CXCR6 were significantly higher in PDAC tissues and surrounding acini than in healthy pancreatic tissues from mice or human beings. In addition, expression of sst2 was progressively lost, involving increased PI3K activity, in mouse lesions that expressed KRAS(G12D) and progressed to PDAC. CONCLUSIONS Based on analyses of mice, loss of sst2 from pancreatic tissues activates PI3K signaling via AKT, leading to activation of NF-κB, amplification of oncogenic KRAS signaling, increased expression of CXCL16, and pancreatic tumor formation. CXCL16 might be a therapeutic target for PDAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounira Chalabi-Dchar
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphanie Cassant-Sourdy
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Duluc
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Marjorie Fanjul
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Hubert Lulka
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Rémi Samain
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Catherine Roche
- UMR7286 CNRS-Aix-Marseille University, Neurobiology and Neurophysiology Research Center of Marseille, and Laboratory of Molecular Biology, AP-HM Conception, Marseille, France
| | | | | | - Mary Poupot
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Marlène Dufresne
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Takeshi Shimaoka
- Department of Molecular Preventive Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Shin Yonehara
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan
| | - Muriel Mathonnet
- EA 3842 Laboratory, Medicine and Pharmacy Faculties, Limoges University, Limoges, France
| | - Stéphane Pyronnet
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Bousquet
- INSERM UMR-1037, Toulouse University, Cancer Research Center of Toulouse, Equipe Labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer, Toulouse, France.
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Chalabi M, Duluc C, Caron P, Vezzosi D, Guillermet-Guibert J, Pyronnet S, Bousquet C. Somatostatin analogs: does pharmacology impact antitumor efficacy? Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014; 25:115-27. [PMID: 24405892 DOI: 10.1016/j.tem.2013.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2013] [Revised: 11/05/2013] [Accepted: 11/15/2013] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Somatostatin is an endogenous inhibitor of secretion and cell proliferation. These features render somatostatin a logical candidate for the management of neuroendocrine tumors that express somatostatin receptors. Synthetic somatostatin analogs (SSAs) have longer half-lives than somatostatin, but have similar activities, and are used for the treatment of these types of disorders. Interest has focused on novel multireceptor analogs with broader affinity to several of the five somatostatin receptors, thereby presenting putatively higher antitumor activities. Recent evidence indicates that SSAs cannot be considered mimics of native somatostatin in regulating signaling pathways downstream of receptors. Here we review this knowledge, discuss the concept of biased agonism, and highlight what considerations need to be taken into account for the optimal clinical use of SSAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mounira Chalabi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), 31432 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Camille Duluc
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), 31432 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Philippe Caron
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), 31432 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques, Pôle Cardio-Vasculaire et Métabolique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Larrey, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Delphine Vezzosi
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), 31432 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France; Service d'Endocrinologie et Maladies Métaboliques, Pôle Cardio-Vasculaire et Métabolique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Larrey, 31059 Toulouse, France
| | - Julie Guillermet-Guibert
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), 31432 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Stéphane Pyronnet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), 31432 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France
| | - Corinne Bousquet
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Unité Mixte de Recherche (UMR) 1037, Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie de Toulouse (CRCT), Equipe labellisée Ligue Contre le Cancer and Laboratoire d'Excellence Toulouse Cancer (TOUCAN), 31432 Toulouse, France; Université Toulouse III Paul Sabatier, 31062 Toulouse, France.
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