Deciphering the Finger Prints of Brain Cancer Glioblastoma Multiforme from Four Different Patients by Using Near Infrared Raman Spectroscopy

To explore the effectiveness of Raman spectra to diagnose brain cancer glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), we investigated the Raman spectra of single cell from four different GBM cell lines developed from four different patients and analyzed the spectra. The Raman spectra of brain cancer (GBM) cells were similar in all these cell lines. The results indicate that Raman spectra can offer the experimental basis for the cancer diagnosis and treatment.

Anticancer Properties of Novel Rhenium Pentylcarbanato Compounds against MDA-MB-468(HTB-132) Triple Node Negative Human Breast Cancer Cell Lines

AIM

To study the efficacy of novel rhenium compounds to treat triple node negative breast cancer.

PLACE AND DURATION

Six (6) novel rhenium pentycarbanato compounds (PC1-6) were synthesized and triple node negative breast cancer cell lines HTB-132 and Balb/c mouse kidney cell lines were treated with each of them for 48 hours. The results were analyzed by a common trypan blue cell death assay system and statistically analyzed.

PLACE AND DURATION

The compounds were synthesized, analyzed and evaluated at the Department of Chemistryof Morgan State University, Baltimore, Maryland and the Pharmaceutical Sciences Department of Elizabeth City State University campus of the University of North Carolina system.

METHODOLOGY

The novel rhenium compounds were synthesized from one-pot reactions of Re₂(CO)₁₀ with the corresponding α-diimine ligands in 1-pentanol.The compounds were characterized spectroscopically. The cell lines were cultured by standard cell culture procedure and treated with each of the six compounds in DMSO for 48 hours with a negative control and a DMSO vehicular control along with a cisplatin positive control.The cytotoxicity was evaluated by standard trypan blue assay and the results were statistically analyzed.

RESULTS

The trypan blueassay reveals that these compounds have significant cytotoxicity against MDA-MB-468 (HTB-132) triple node negative breast cancer cell lines and are less nephrotoxic than cisplatin.

CONCLUSION

The novel rhenium compounds PC 1-6 can potentially find applications in the treatment of highly malignant triple node negative breast cancer.

The effect of novel rhenium compounds on lymphosarcoma, PC-3 prostate and myeloid leukemia cancer cell lines and an investigation on the DNA binding properties of one of these compounds through electronic spectroscopy

Despite the tremendous success of cisplatin and other platinum-based anticancer drugs, severe toxicity and resistance to tumors limit their applications. It is believed that the coordination (formation of covalent bond) of the metal (platinum) to the nitrogen bases of DNA cause the ruptures of the cancer as well as normal cells. A search for anticancer drugs with different modes of action resulted in the synthesis of variety of novel compounds. Many of them are in clinical trials now. Recently we synthesized a series of novel rhenium pentylcarbonato compounds (PC1-PC6). The rhenium atom in each compound is coordinated (bonded) to a planar polypyridyl aromatic ligand, thereby forcing each compound to intercalate between the DNA bases. We have investigated the DNA binding properties of one of the PC-series of compounds (PC6) using electronic spectroscopy. The UV absorption titration of PC6 with DNA shows hypochromic effect with concomitant bathochromic shift of the charge transfer band at 290 nm. These results suggest that the compound PC6 binds to DNA through intercalation. It is therefore likely that the other PC-series of compounds will behave in a similar manner. Thus it is expected that these compounds will exhibit negligible or no side effect. We have observed that the PC-series of compounds are strong cytotoxic agents against lymphosarcoma (average GI50 ≈ 2±2.6 µM), PC-3 prostate (average GI50 ≈ 3±2.8 µM) and myeloid leukemia (average GI50 ≈ 3±2.8 µM) cancer cell lines. The average GI50 values of the PC-series of compounds are 2-3 less than the corresponding GI50 values of cisplatin. Also each of the PC-series of compounds exhibits less toxicity than cisplatin in the glomerular mesangial cells.

Abstract 4485: Anticancer properties of novel rhenium compounds against human cancer cell lines

Cisplatin, carboplatin, oxaliplatin, and related metallodrugs are extensively being used in the treatment of a variety of cancers. Unfortunately these drugs are highly toxic and tumor becomes drug-resistance. These circumstances have led researchers to look for new cytotoxic agents that may exhibit less toxicity and devoid of drug resistance. It is believed that cisplatin and related drugs directly bind to genomic DNA through purine bases. Synthesis of new metallodrugs which does not follow the above mechanism of action might yield better drugs with less toxicity and devoid of drug resistance. Recently we have demonstrated that several anticancer rhenium compounds do not directly bind to DNA. We have synthesized numerous rhenium pentylcarbonato and acetylsalicylato complexes which include (CO)3(2,2’-Bipyridyl)ReOC(O)OC5H11 (PC-1), (CO)3(1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)OC5H11 (PC-2), (CO)3(5-Methyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)Re ReOC(O)OC5H11 (PC-3), (CO)3(2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)OC5H11 (PC-4), (CO)3(5,6-Dimethyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)OC5H11 (PC-5), (CO)3(4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)OC5H11 (PC-6), (CO)3(2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)Re ReOC(O)OC5H11 (PC-7), (CO)3(2,2’-Bipyridyl)ReOC(O)C6H4·C(O)OCH3 (ASP-1), (CO)3(1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)C6H4·C(O)OCH3, (ASP-2), (CO)3(5-Methyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)C6H4·C(O)OCH3 (ASP-3), (CO)3(2,9-Dimethyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)C6H4·C(O)OCH3 (ASP-4), (CO)3(5,6-Dimethyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)C6H4·C(O)OCH3 (ASP-5), (CO)3(4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)C6H4·C(O)OCH3 (ASP-6), (CO)3(2,9-Dimethyl-4,7-Diphenyl-1,10-Phenanthroline)ReOC(O)C6H4·C(O)OCH3 (ASP-7). The anticancer properties of the compounds were evaluated using human prostate, alveolar lung, brain, colon, and leukemia cancer cell lines and normal bone marrow cell lines. The results of this study demonstrate that these complexes have significant anticancer properties. Therefore, these complexes can potentially find applications in the treatment of these cancers.

Acknowledgment. The work at MSU was partially supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health (Grant No. G11HD038439) and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (Grant No. NRC-HQ-12-G-27-0086). The work at ECSU-UNC was partially supported by grant from the Department of Energy (TMCF/DOE grant).

Citation Format: Hirendra N. Banerjee, Deidre Vaughan, Jewe Medley, Gwyn Hyman, Christopher Krauss, Carl Parson, Santosh Mandal, Pola Olczak, Michael Mbagu, Divine Kebulu, Saroj Pramanik, Fazlul Sarkar. Anticancer properties of novel rhenium compounds against human cancer cell lines. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 104th Annual Meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research; 2013 Apr 6-10; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2013;73(8 Suppl):Abstract nr 4485. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2013-4485

MANAGED CARE: The Effect of Case Management on State Psychiatric Clients

This study examined whether case management services, mandated under the managed care contract for adult clients in a medium-sized state psychiatric hospital in Tennessee between July 1996 and June 1997, were offered as specified, and the impact these services had on recidivism for individuals who were identified as having a severe or persistent mental illness. Although all of the clients were offered case management, 47% refused the service. Of the 14 who had one or more readmissions, six (43%) had case management. These findings demonstrate that health care providers must offer sufficient information to their clients so that they can use the managed care system more effectively.

Evidence-based clinical outcome management in interventional cardiology

In conclusion, through the use of pathways and case management, evidence-based clinical outcome management has occurred. The author's institution now has a process that enables it to accomplish three objectives: (1) the ability to track outcomes, (2) the ability to obtain information about opportunities for improvement and develop action plans for this, and (3) the ability to judge through continued variance analysis whether the actions taken made a difference or whether more changes are necessary. Based on this evidence, supported by the literature, the author's institution has been able to offer quality patient care at a reasonable cost.

[ROC-analysis in x-ray study of the breast; a comparative study between film and xeromammography]

A comparative radiographic and histological study was carried out in 126 patients with malignant and benign breast lesions. Prior to biopsy an additional film- and xeromammogram, both at oblique projection, were taken of each patient. The X-ray film was Definix Medical (Kodak), processed 5.5 minutes. The xerograms were taken with 1.5 mm aluminium total filtration, and developed by negative mode. The X-ray equipment consisted of a Senograph (CGR). The image evaluation was carried out independently by seven observers of varying experience in mammography by means of ROC-analysis. There is no loss of diagnostic information content in negative mode xeromammography, on the contrary, it seems to be slightly superior to film mammography.