A Comparison of 3 Vitamin D Dosing Regimens in Extremely Preterm Infants: A Randomized Controlled Trial.
J Pediatr 2016;
174:132-138.e1. [PMID:
27079965 PMCID:
PMC4925243 DOI:
10.1016/j.jpeds.2016.03.028]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2015] [Revised: 01/12/2016] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE
To determine the optimal dose of vitamin D supplementation to achieve biochemical vitamin D sufficiency in extremely low gestational age newborns in a masked randomized controlled trial.
STUDY DESIGN
100 infants 23 0/7-27 6/7 weeks gestation were randomized to vitamin D intakes of placebo (n = 36), 200 IU (n = 34), and 800 IU/d (n = 30) (approximating 200, 400, or 1000 IU/d, respectively, when vitamin D routinely included in parenteral or enteral nutrition is included). The primary outcomes were serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D concentrations on postnatal day 28 and the number of days alive and off respiratory support in the first 28 days.
RESULTS
At birth, 67% of infants had 25-hydroxy vitamin D <20 ng/mL suggesting biochemical vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D concentrations on day 28 were (median [25th-75th percentiles], ng/mL): placebo: 22 (13-47), 200 IU: 39 (26-57), 800 IU: 84.5 (52-99); P < .001. There were no differences in days alive and off respiratory support (median [25th-75th percentiles], days): placebo: 1 (0-11), 200 IU: 0 (0-8), and 800 IU: 0.5 (0-22); P = .63, or other respiratory outcomes among groups.
CONCLUSIONS
At birth, most extremely preterm infants have biochemical vitamin D deficiency. This biochemical deficiency is reduced on day 28 by supplementation with 200 IU/d and prevented by 800 IU/d. Larger trials are required to determine if resolution of biochemical vitamin D deficiency improves clinical outcomes.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01600430.
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