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Kleinschmidt L, Walendzik A, Wasem J, Höfer K, Nauendorf B, Brittner M, Brandenburg P, Aeustergerling A, Schneider U, Wadeck A, Sehlen S, Liersch S, Schwarze K, Schwenke C, Hüer T. Preference-Based Implementation of Video Consultations in Urban and Rural Regions in Outpatient Care in Germany: Protocol for a Mixed Methods Study. JMIR Res Protoc 2024; 13:e50932. [PMID: 38602749 PMCID: PMC11046389 DOI: 10.2196/50932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 11/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Particularly in rural regions, factors such as lower physician density and long travel distances complicate adequate outpatient care. However, urban regions can also be affected by deficits in care, for example, long waiting times. One model of care intending to improve the situation is the implementation of video consultations. The study protocol presents the methodology of the research project titled "Preference-based implementation of the video consultation in urban and rural regions" funded by the German Federal Joint Committee (funding number 01VSF20011). OBJECTIVE This study aims to identify existing barriers to the use of video consultation and the preferences of insured individuals and physicians as well as psychotherapists in order to optimize its design and thus increase acceptance and use of video consultations in urban and rural regions. METHODS Built on a mixed methods approach, this study first assesses the status quo of video consultation use through claims data analysis and carries out a systematic literature review on barriers and promoting factors for the use of video consultations. Based on this preliminary work, focus groups are conducted in order to prepare surveys with insureds as well as physicians and psychotherapists in the second study phase. The central element of the survey is the implementation of discrete choice experiments to elicit relevant preferences of (potential) user groups and service providers. The summarized findings are discussed in a stakeholder workshop and translated into health policy recommendations. RESULTS The methodological approach used in this study is the focus of this paper. The study is still ongoing and will continue until March 2024. The first study phase has already been completed, in which preliminary work has been done on potential applications and hurdles for the use of video consultations. Currently, the survey is being conducted and analyses are being prepared. CONCLUSIONS This study is intended to develop a targeted strategy for health policy makers based on actual preferences and perceived obstacles to the use of video consultations. The results of this study will contribute to further user-oriented development of the implementation of video consultations in German statutory health insurance. Furthermore, the iterative and mixed methods approach used in this study protocol is also suitable for a variety of other research projects. INTERNATIONAL REGISTERED REPORT IDENTIFIER (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/50932.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Kleinschmidt
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Anke Walendzik
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Wasem
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Klemens Höfer
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
| | | | | | - Paul Brandenburg
- Kassenärztliche Vereinigung Schleswig-Holstein, Bad Segeberg, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Theresa Hüer
- Institute for Health Care Management and Research, University of Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany
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Endrikat J, Khater H, Boreham ADP, Fritze S, Schwenke C, Bhatti A, Trnkova ZJ, Seidensticker P. Iopromide for Contrast-Enhanced Mammography: A Systemic Review and Meta-Analysis of Pertinent Literature. Breast Cancer (Auckl) 2023; 17:11782234231189467. [PMID: 37600467 PMCID: PMC10433886 DOI: 10.1177/11782234231189467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2023] [Indexed: 08/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Contrast-enhanced mammography (CEM) is an emerging breast imaging modality. Clinical data is scarce. Objectives To summarize clinical evidence on the use of iopromide in CEM for the detection or by systematically analyzing the available literature on efficacy and safety. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis. Data sources and methods Iopromide-specific publications reporting its use in CEM were identified by a systematic search within Bayer's Product Literature Information (PLI) database and by levering a recent review publication. The literature search in PLI was performed up to January 2023. The confirmatory-supporting review publication was based on a MEDLINE/EMBASE + full text search for publications issued between September 2003 and January 2019. Relevant literature was selected based on pre-defined criteria by 2 reviewers. The comparison of CEM vs traditional mammography (XRM) was performed on published results of sensitivity and specificity. Differences in diagnostic parameters were assessed within a meta-analysis. Results Literature search: A total of 31 studies were identified reporting data on 5194 patients. Thereof, 19 studies on efficacy and 3 studies on safety. Efficacy: in 11 studies comparing iopromide CEM vs XRM, sensitivity was up to 43% higher (range 1%-43%) for CEM. Differences in specificity were found to be in a range of -4% to 46% for CEM compared with XRM. The overall gain in sensitivity for CEM vs XRM was 7% (95% CI [4%, 11%]) with no statistically significant loss in specificity in any study assessed. In most studies, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value were found to be in favor of CEM. In 2 studies comparing CEM with breast magnetic resonance imaging (bMRI), both imaging modalities performed either equally well or CEM tended to show better results with respect to sensitivity and specificity. Safety: eight cases of iopromide-related adverse drug reactions were reported in 1022 patients (0.8%). Conclusions Pertinent literature provides evidence for clinical utility of iopromide in CEM for the detection or confirmation of breast cancer. The overall gain in sensitivity for iopromide CEM vs XRM was 7% with no statistically significant loss in specificity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Endrikat
- Radiology R&D, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | | | | | - Sabine Fritze
- Medical Affairs & Pharmacovigilance, Pharmaceuticals, Product Information, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Aasia Bhatti
- Benefit Risk Management Pharmacovigilance, Bayer US LLC, Whippany, NJ, USA
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Puntmann VO, Martin S, Shchendrygina A, Hoffmann J, Ka MM, Giokoglu E, Vanchin B, Holm N, Karyou A, Laux GS, Arendt C, De Leuw P, Zacharowski K, Khodamoradi Y, Vehreschild MJGT, Rohde G, Zeiher AM, Vogl TJ, Schwenke C, Nagel E. Long-term cardiac pathology in individuals with mild initial COVID-19 illness. Nat Med 2022; 28:2117-2123. [PMID: 36064600 PMCID: PMC9556300 DOI: 10.1038/s41591-022-02000-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac symptoms are increasingly recognized as late complications of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection in previously well individuals with mild initial illness, but the underlying pathophysiology leading to long-term cardiac symptoms remains unclear. In this study, we conducted serial cardiac assessments in a selected population of individuals with Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) with no previous cardiac disease or notable comorbidities by measuring blood biomarkers of heart injury or dysfunction and by performing magnetic resonance imaging. Baseline measurements from 346 individuals with COVID-19 (52% females) were obtained at a median of 109 days (interquartile range (IQR), 77-177 days) after infection, when 73% of participants reported cardiac symptoms, such as exertional dyspnea (62%), palpitations (28%), atypical chest pain (27%) and syncope (3%). Symptomatic individuals had higher heart rates and higher imaging values or contrast agent accumulation, denoting inflammatory cardiac involvement, compared to asymptomatic individuals. Structural heart disease or high levels of biomarkers of cardiac injury or dysfunction were rare in symptomatic individuals. At follow-up (329 days (IQR, 274-383 days) after infection), 57% of participants had persistent cardiac symptoms. Diffuse myocardial edema was more pronounced in participants who remained symptomatic at follow-up as compared to those who improved. Female gender and diffuse myocardial involvement on baseline imaging independently predicted the presence of cardiac symptoms at follow-up. Ongoing inflammatory cardiac involvement may, at least in part, explain the lingering cardiac symptoms in previously well individuals with mild initial COVID-19 illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina O Puntmann
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
| | - Simon Martin
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Anastasia Shchendrygina
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Jedrzej Hoffmann
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Mame Madjiguène Ka
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Eleni Giokoglu
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Byambasuren Vanchin
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Niels Holm
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Argyro Karyou
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gerald S Laux
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Christophe Arendt
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany.,Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Kai Zacharowski
- Department of Anesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine & Pain Therapy; Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Yascha Khodamoradi
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Maria J G T Vehreschild
- Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Gernot Rohde
- Department of Internal Medicine, Respiratory Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Andreas M Zeiher
- Institute of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | - Thomas J Vogl
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
| | | | - Eike Nagel
- Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK Centre for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University Frankfurt, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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Scheller B, Mangner N, Abdul Kader MASK, Wan Ahmad WA, Jeger R, Wöhrle J, Ong TK, Liew HB, Gori T, Mahfoud F, Nuruddin AA, Woitek F, Abidin IZ, Schwenke C, Schnorr B, Mohd Ali R. Combined Analysis of Two Parallel Randomized Trials of Sirolimus-Coated and Paclitaxel-Coated Balloons in Coronary In-Stent Restenosis Lesions. Circ Cardiovasc Interv 2022; 15:e012305. [PMID: 36126132 DOI: 10.1161/circinterventions.122.012305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Paclitaxel-coated balloons (PCBs) are a preferred treatment option for coronary in-stent restenosis. To date, data from randomized trials of alternative drug coatings are lacking. The aim of the randomized Malaysian and German-Swiss randomized trials was to investigate a novel sirolimus-coated balloon (SCB) compared with a PCB in in-stent restenosis. METHODS One hundred one patients with drug-eluting stent in-stent restenosis were enrolled in 2 identical randomized trials comparing the novel SCB (SeQuent SCB, 4 μg/mm²) with the clinically proven PCB (SeQuent Please, 3 μg/mm²). Primary end point was angiographic late lumen loss at 6 months. Secondary end points included procedural success, major adverse cardiac events, and individual clinical end points such as stent thrombosis, cardiac death, target lesion myocardial infarction, clinically driven target lesion revascularization, and binary restenosis. RESULTS Quantitative coronary angiography revealed no differences in baseline parameters. After 6 months, in-segment late lumen loss was 0.25±0.57 mm in the PCB group versus 0.26±0.60 mm in the SCB group. Mean difference between SCB and PCB was 0.01 (95% CI, -0.23 to 0.24). Noninferiority at a predefined margin of 0.35 was shown. Clinical events up to 12 months did not differ between the groups. CONCLUSIONS This first-in man comparison of a novel SCB with a crystalline coating showed similar angiographic and clinical outcomes in the treatment of coronary drug-eluting stent in-stent restenosis compared with PCB. REGISTRATION URL: https://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov; Unique identifier: NCT02996318, NCT03242096.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno Scheller
- Clinical and Experimental Interventional Cardiology, University of Saarland, Germany (B.S.).,Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (B.S.' F.M.)
| | - Norman Mangner
- Klinik für Innere Medizin und Kardiologie Herzzentrum Dresden GmbH Universitätsklinik an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Germany (N.M., F.W.)
| | | | - Wan Azman Wan Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, University Malaya Medical Center, Malaysia (W.A.W.A.)
| | - Raban Jeger
- Cardiology, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland (R.J.)
| | - Jochen Wöhrle
- Department of Cardiology and Intensive Care, Medical Campus Lake Constance, Friedrichshafen, Germany (J.W.)
| | - Tiong Kiam Ong
- Cardiology Department, Sarawak Heart Centre, Malaysia (T.K.O.)
| | - Houng Bang Liew
- Cardiology Department and Clinical Research Center, Queen Elizabeth Hospital II, Malaysia (H.B.L.)
| | - Tommaso Gori
- Zentrum für Kardiologie, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes-Gutenberg Universität Mainz, Germany (T.G.)
| | - Felix Mahfoud
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Cardiology, Angiology, Intensive Care Medicine, University Hospital of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany (B.S.' F.M.)
| | - Amin Ariff Nuruddin
- Cardiology Department, National Heart Institute Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur (A.A.N., R.M.A.)
| | - Felix Woitek
- Klinik für Innere Medizin und Kardiologie Herzzentrum Dresden GmbH Universitätsklinik an der Technischen Universität Dresden, Germany (N.M., F.W.)
| | | | | | - Beatrix Schnorr
- Experimental Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany (B.S.)
| | - Rosli Mohd Ali
- Cardiology Department, National Heart Institute Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur (A.A.N., R.M.A.).,Cardiac Vascular Sentral Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia (R.M.A.)
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5
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Zeitlinger M, Bauer M, Reindl-Schwaighofer R, Stoekenbroek RM, Lambert G, Berger-Sieczkowski E, Lagler H, Oesterreicher Z, Wulkersdorfer B, Lührs P, Galabova G, Schwenke C, Mader RM, Medori R, Landlinger C, Kutzelnigg A, Staffler G. A phase I study assessing the safety, tolerability, immunogenicity, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol-lowering activity of immunotherapeutics targeting PCSK9. Eur J Clin Pharmacol 2021; 77:1473-1484. [PMID: 33969434 PMCID: PMC8440313 DOI: 10.1007/s00228-021-03149-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Purpose AT04A and AT06A are two AFFITOPE® peptide vaccine candidates being developed for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia by inducing proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9)-specific antibodies. This study aimed to investigate safety, tolerability, antibody development, and reduction of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) following four subcutaneous immunizations. Methods This phase I, single-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled study was conducted in a total of 72 healthy subjects with a mean fasting LDLc level at baseline of 117.1 mg/dL (range 77–196 mg/dL). Each cohort enrolled 24 subjects to receive three priming immunizations at weeks 0, 4, and 8 and to receive a single booster immunization at week 60 of either AT04A, AT06A, or placebo. In addition to safety (primary objective), the antigenic peptide- and PCSK9-specific antibody response and the impact on LDLc were evaluated over a period of 90 weeks. Results The most common systemic treatment-related adverse events (AEs) reported were fatigue, headache, and myalgia in 75% of subjects in the AT06A group and 58% and 46% of subjects in the placebo and AT04A groups, respectively. Injection site reactions (ISR) representing 63% of all treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs), were transient and mostly of mild or moderate intensity and rarely severe (3%). Both active treatments triggered a robust, long-lasting antibody response towards the antigenic peptides used for immunization that optimally cross-reacted with the target epitope on PCSK9. In the AT04A group, a reduction in serum LDLc was observed with a mean peak reduction of 11.2% and 13.3% from baseline compared to placebo at week 20 and 70 respectively, and over the whole study period, the mean LDLc reduction for the AT04A group vs. placebo was −7.2% (95% CI [−10.4 to −3.9], P < 0.0001). In this group, PCSK9 target epitope titers above 50 were associated with clinically relevant LDLc reductions with an individual maximal decrease of 39%. Conclusions Although both AT04A and AT06 were safe and immunogenic, only AT04A demonstrated significant LDLc-lowering activity, justifying further development. Trial registration EudraCT: 2015-001719-11. ClinicalTrials.gov
Identifier: NCT02508896. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s00228-021-03149-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Markus Zeitlinger
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Martin Bauer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Roman Reindl-Schwaighofer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert M Stoekenbroek
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, P.O. Box 22660, 1100 DD, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Gilles Lambert
- Laboratoire Inserm, UMR 1188 DéTROI, Université de La Réunion, 2 Rue Maxime Rivière, 97490, Sainte Clotilde, France
| | - Evelyn Berger-Sieczkowski
- Department of Neurology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Heimo Lagler
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zoe Oesterreicher
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Beatrix Wulkersdorfer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Petra Lührs
- AFFiRiS AG, Karl Farkas Gasse 22, 1030, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gergana Galabova
- AFFiRiS AG, Karl Farkas Gasse 22, 1030, Vienna, Austria.,Origenis GmbH, Am Klopferspitz 19a, 82152, Martinsried, Germany
| | | | - Robert M Mader
- Department of Medicine I, Medical University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
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Wright E, Yasmeen N, Malottki K, Sawyer LM, Borg E, Schwenke C, Warren RB. Assessing the Quality and Coherence of Network Meta-Analyses of Biologics in Plaque Psoriasis: What Does All This Evidence Synthesis Tell Us? Dermatol Ther (Heidelb) 2020; 11:181-220. [PMID: 33351178 PMCID: PMC7858721 DOI: 10.1007/s13555-020-00463-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION A range of treatments are available for moderate-to-severe psoriasis; however, there remains a paucity of direct comparisons of these in head-to-head trials. Network meta-analyses (NMA) allow comparisons of these to support clinical decision making. This systematic literature review assesses the methodological quality of NMAs available for moderate-to-severe psoriasis and compares their methods and results. Their validity and applicability for current practice is also assessed. METHODS A systematic review of published NMAs of at least two biologics for moderate-to-severe psoriasis was undertaken. Embase, MEDLINE, MEDLINE In-Process, and the Cochrane Library were last searched on 19 February 2020. The quality of NMAs was assessed using the International Society of Pharmacoeconomics and Outcomes Research (ISPOR) criteria. NMA methodology, funding, and results were compared and differences in results explored. RESULTS Twenty-five analyses evaluating up to 19 different treatments at 8-24 weeks, and two analyses at 1 year, were included. Psoriasis Area Severity Index (PASI) response was assessed in 23, facilitating comparisons between NMAs. All NMAs met at least half of the ISPOR criteria. The major limitations were explaining the rationale for methodology, exploring effect modifiers, and consistency between direct and indirect estimates. The analyses differed in model type (Bayesian or frequentist), analysis of PASI response (binomial or multinomial), and analysis of different treatment doses (separate or pooled). PASI results were broadly similar, except for the Cochrane Collaboration NMA which provided lower estimates of treatment efficacy versus placebo. This analysis differed methodologically from others, including pooling data for different doses. CONCLUSIONS Based on PASI 90 at induction, the majority of recent NMAs came to similar conclusions: interleukin (IL) 17 inhibitors (brodalumab, ixekizumab, secukinumab), IL-23 inhibitors (guselkumab and risankizumab) and infliximab were most efficacious, supporting the validity of NMAs in this clinical area. Decisions should be made using high-quality, up-to-date NMAs with assumptions relevant to clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Richard B Warren
- Dermatology Centre, Salford Royal NHS Foundation Trust, University of Manchester, NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Manchester, UK
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Knobloch G, Lauff MT, Hanke M, Schwenke C, Hamm B, Wagner M. Non-contrast-enhanced MR-angiography (MRA) of lower extremity peripheral arterial disease at 3 tesla: Examination time and diagnostic performance of 2D quiescent-interval single-shot MRA vs. 3D fast spin-Echo MRA. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 76:17-25. [PMID: 33157187 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.10.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Non-contrast enhanced MRA is a promising diagnostic alternative to contrast-enhanced (CE-) MRA or CT in patients with lower extremity peripheral arterial disease (PAD) but potentially associated with prolonged examination times and inferior diagnostic performance. We aimed to compare examination times and diagnostic performance of non-contrast enhanced quiescent-interval slice-selective (QISS)-MRA and fast-spin-echo (FSE)-MRA at 3.0 T. MATERIALS AND METHODS Forty-five patients with PAD were recruited for this IRB approved prospective study. Subjects underwent lower extremity MRA with 1) QISS-MRA, 2) FSE-MRA, and 3) CE-MRA (continuous table movement MRA and time-resolved MRA of the calf), which served as the standard of reference. Scan times for each examination step and total examination times for each of the three techniques was determined. Image quality and degree of stenosis were rated by two readers on a 5-point Likert scale. Sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic accuracy for relevant (>50%) stenosis were calculated. RESULTS Median total examination time was 27:02 min for QISS-MRA (IQR, 25:13-31:01 min), 28:37 min for FSE-MRA (IQR, 25:51-33:12 min), and 31:22 min for CE-MRA (IQR, 26:41-33:23 min). Acquisition time for QISS-MRA was significantly longer compared to FSE-MRA and CE-MRA (p ≤ 0.0001), while time for localizers, scouts and planning of the MRA sequence was significantly shorter for QISS-MRA compared to FSE-MRA and CE-MRA (p ≤ 0.0001). QISS-MRA had significantly better image quality compared to FSE-MRA with less segments classified as non-diagnostic (Reader 1: 3% vs. 35%; Reader 2: 3% vs. 50%, p ≤ 0.0001). Overall, QISS-MRA showed significantly better diagnostic performance than FSE-MRA (sensitivity, 85% vs. 54%; specificity, 90% vs. 47%, diagnostic accuracy, 89% vs. 48%; p ≤ 0.0001). CONCLUSION Total examination time of QISS-MRA and FSE-MRA was comparable with a conventional CE-MRA protocol. QISS-MRA showed significantly higher diagnostic performance than FSE-MRA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gesine Knobloch
- Department of Radiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Germany.
| | - Marie-Teres Lauff
- Department of Radiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Hanke
- Leibniz Institute for Prevention Research and Epidemiology - BIPS, Bremen, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Wagner
- Department of Radiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Germany
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Volc D, Poewe W, Kutzelnigg A, Lührs P, Thun-Hohenstein C, Schneeberger A, Galabova G, Majbour N, Vaikath N, El-Agnaf O, Winter D, Mihailovska E, Mairhofer A, Schwenke C, Staffler G, Medori R. Safety and immunogenicity of the α-synuclein active immunotherapeutic PD01A in patients with Parkinson's disease: a randomised, single-blinded, phase 1 trial. Lancet Neurol 2020; 19:591-600. [PMID: 32562684 DOI: 10.1016/s1474-4422(20)30136-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2019] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Robust evidence supports the role of α-synuclein pathology as a driver of neuronal dysfunction in Parkinson's disease. PD01A is a specific active immunotherapy with a short peptide formulation targeted against oligomeric α-synuclein. This phase 1 study assessed the safety and tolerability of the PD01A immunotherapeutic in patients with Parkinson's disease. METHODS We did a first-in-human, randomised, phase 1 study of immunisations with PD01A, followed by three consecutive study extensions. Patients aged 45-65 years with a clinical diagnosis of Parkinson's disease (≤4 years since diagnosis and Hoehn and Yahr Stage 1 to 2), imaging results (dopamine transporter single photon emission CT and MRI) consistent with their Parkinson's disease diagnosis, and on stable doses of Parkinson's disease medications for at least 3 months were recruited at a single private clinic in Vienna, Austria. Patients were randomly assigned (1:1), using a computer-generated sequence with varying block size, to receive four subcutaneous immunisations with either 15 μg or 75 μg PD01A injected into the upper arms and followed up initially for 52 weeks, followed by a further 39 weeks' follow-up. Patients were then randomly assigned (1:1) again to receive the first booster immunisation at 15 μg or 75 μg and were followed up for 24 weeks. All patients received a second booster immunisation of 75 μg and were followed up for an additional 52 weeks. Patients were masked to dose allocation. Primary (safety) analyses included all treated patients. These four studies were registered with EU Clinical Trials Register, EudraCT numbers 2011-002650-31, 2013-001774-20, 2014-002489-54, and 2015-004854-16. FINDINGS 32 patients were recruited between Feb 14, 2012, and Feb 6, 2013, and 24 were deemed eligible and randomly assigned to receive four PD01A priming immunisations. One patient had a diagnosis change to multiple system atrophy and was withdrawn and two patients withdrew consent during the studies. 21 (87%) of 24 patients received all six immunisations and completed 221-259 weeks in-study (two patients in the 15 μg dose group and one patient in the 75 μg dose group discontinued). All patients experienced at least one adverse event, but most of them were considered unrelated to study treatment (except for transient local injection site reactions, which affected all but one patient). Serial MRI assessments also ruled out inflammatory processes. Systemic treatment-related adverse events were fatigue (n=4), headache (n=3), myalgia (n=3), muscle rigidity (n=2), and tremor (n=2). The geometric group mean titre of antibodies against the immunising peptide PD01 increased from 1:46 at baseline to 1:3580 at week 12 in the 15 μg dose group, and from 1:76 to 1:2462 at week 12 in the 75 μg dose group. Antibody titres returned to baseline over 2 years, but could be rapidly reactivated after booster immunisation from week 116 onwards, reaching geometric group mean titres up to 1:20218. INTERPRETATION Repeated administrations of PD01A were safe and well tolerated over an extended period. Specific active immunotherapy resulted in a substantial humoral immune response with target engagement. Phase 2 studies are needed to further assess the safety and efficacy of PD01A for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. FUNDING AFFiRiS, Michael J Fox Foundation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dieter Volc
- Confraternitaet-Privatklinik Josefstadt, Vienna, Austria
| | - Werner Poewe
- Department of Neurology, Medical University Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Nour Majbour
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Nishant Vaikath
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | - Omar El-Agnaf
- Neurological Disorders Research Center, Qatar Biomedical Research Institute, Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar Foundation, Doha, Qatar
| | | | | | | | - Carsten Schwenke
- Schwenke Consulting: Strategies and Solutions in Statistics, Berlin, Germany
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Muehlberg F, Stoetzner A, Forman C, Schmidt M, Riazy L, Dieringer M, der Geest RV, Schwenke C, Schulz-Menger J. Comparability of compressed sensing-based gradient echo perfusion sequence SPARSE and conventional gradient echo sequence in assessment of myocardial ischemia. Eur J Radiol 2020; 131:109213. [PMID: 32846332 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2020.109213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 08/03/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Stress perfusion imaging plays a major role in non-invasive detection of coronary artery disease. We compared a compressed sensing-based and a conventional gradient echo perfusion sequence with regard to image quality and diagnostic performance. METHOD Patients sent for coronary angiography due to pathologic stress perfusion CMR were recruited. All patients underwent two adenosine stress CMR using conventional TurboFLASH and prototype SPARSE sequence as well as quantitative coronary angiography with fractional flow reserve (FFR) within 6 weeks. Coronary angiography was considered gold standard with FFR < 0.75 or visual stenosis >90 % for identification of myocardial ischemia. Diagnostic performance of perfusion imaging was assessed in basal, mid-ventricular and apical slices by quantification of myocardial perfusion reserve (MPR) analysis utilizing the signal upslope method and a deconvolution technique using the fermi function model. RESULTS 23 patients with mean age of 69.6 ± 8.9 years were enrolled. 46 % were female. Image quality was similar in conventional TurboFLASH sequence and SPARSE sequence (2.9 ± 0.5 vs 3.1 ± 0.7, p = 0,06). SPARSE sequence showed higher contrast-to-noise ratio (52.1 ± 27.4 vs 40.5 ± 17.6, p < 0.01) and signal-to-noise ratio (15.6 ± 6.2 vs 13.2 ± 4.2, p < 0.01) than TurboFLASH sequence. Dark-rim artifacts occurred less often with SPARSE (9 % of segments) than with TurboFLASH (23 %). In visual assessment of perfusion defects, SPARSE sequence detected less false-positive perfusion defects (n = 1) than TurboFLASH sequence (n = 3). Quantitative perfusion analysis on segment basis showed equal detection of perfusion defects for TurboFLASH and SPARSE with both upslope MPR analysis (TurboFLASH 0.88 ± 0.18; SPARSE 0.77 ± 0.26; p = 0.06) and fermi function model (TurboFLASH 0.85 ± 0.24; SPARSE 0.76 ± 0.30; p = 0.13). CONCLUSIONS Compressed sensing perfusion imaging using SPARSE sequence allows reliable detection of myocardial ischemia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabian Muehlberg
- HELIOS Hospital Berlin-Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Arthur Stoetzner
- HELIOS Hospital Berlin-Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Christoph Forman
- Siemens Healthineers, Diagnostic Imaging, Magnetic Resonance, Allee am Röthelheimpark 2, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Michaela Schmidt
- Siemens Healthineers, Diagnostic Imaging, Magnetic Resonance, Allee am Röthelheimpark 2, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Leili Riazy
- HELIOS Hospital Berlin-Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Matthias Dieringer
- Siemens Healthineers, Diagnostic Imaging, Magnetic Resonance, Allee am Röthelheimpark 2, 91052 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Rob van der Geest
- Division of Image Processing, Department of Radiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Albinusdreef 2, 2333 ZA Leiden, the Netherlands.
| | - Carsten Schwenke
- SCO:SSiS Statistical Consulting, Karmeliterweg 42, 13465 Berlin, Germany.
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- HELIOS Hospital Berlin-Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
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Wiesemann S, Schmitter S, Demir A, Prothmann M, Schwenke C, Chawla A, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Greiser A, Jin N, Bollache E, Markl M, Schulz-Menger J. Impact of sequence type and field strength (1.5, 3, and 7T) on 4D flow MRI hemodynamic aortic parameters in healthy volunteers. Magn Reson Med 2020; 85:721-733. [PMID: 32754969 DOI: 10.1002/mrm.28450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 06/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE 4D flow magnetic resonance imaging (4D-MRI) allows time-resolved visualization of blood flow patterns, quantification of volumes, velocities, and advanced parameters, such as wall shear stress (WSS). As 4D-MRI enters the clinical arena, standardization and awareness of confounders are important. Our aim was to evaluate the equivalence of 4D flow-derived aortic hemodynamics in healthy volunteers using different sequences and field strengths. METHODS 4D-MRI was acquired in 10 healthy volunteers at 1.5T using three different prototype sequences, at 3T and at 7T (Siemens Healthineers). After evaluation of diagnostic quality in three segments (ascending-, descending aorta, aortic arch), peak velocity, flow volumes, and WSS were investigated. Equivalence limits for comparison of field strengths/sequences were based on the limits of Bland-Altman analyses of the intraobserver variability. RESULTS Non-diagnostic quality was found in 10/144 segments, 9/10 were obtained at 7T. Apart for the comparison of forward flow between sequence 1 and 3, the differences in measurements between field strengths/sequences exceeded the range of agreement. Significant differences were found between field strengths/sequences for forward flow (1.5T vs. 3T, 3T vs. 7T, sequence 1 vs. 3, 2 vs. 3 [P < .001]), WSS (1.5T vs. 3T [P < .05], sequence 1 vs. 2, 1 vs. 3, 2 vs. 3 [P < .001]), and peak velocity (1.5T vs. 7T, sequence 1 vs. 3 [P > .001]). All parameters at all field strengths/with all sequences correlated moderately to strongly (r ≥ 0.5). CONCLUSION Data from all sequences could be acquired and resulting images showed sufficient quality for further analysis. However, the variability of the measurements of peak velocity, flow volumes, and WSS was higher when comparing field strengths/sequences as the equivalence limits defined by the intraobserver assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Wiesemann
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and HELIOS Hospital Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sebastian Schmitter
- Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Braunschweig and Berlin, Germany
| | - Aylin Demir
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and HELIOS Hospital Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Prothmann
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and HELIOS Hospital Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Ashish Chawla
- Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, Yishun Central, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Florian von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and HELIOS Hospital Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany.,Clinic Agatharied, Department of Cardiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Hausham, Germany
| | | | - Ning Jin
- Siemens Medical Solutions, Columbus, Ohio, USA
| | - Emilie Bollache
- Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, Laboratoire d'Imagerie Biomédicale, LIB, Paris, France
| | - Michael Markl
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and HELIOS Hospital Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany.,DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner site Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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11
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Czibur A, Ferchaw M, Vazquez D, Mikell S, Schwenke C, Endrikat J. Comparison of 2 CT Contrast Media Injection Systems: Visual Air Identification and Injector Face Cleaning. Radiol Technol 2020; 91:214-222. [PMID: 32060078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To compare the MEDRAD Stellant and MEDRAD Stellant FLEX computed tomography contrast media injection systems in terms of radiologic technologists' ability to visually identify air in the syringes at various distances and under different lighting conditions, as well as the ease of cleaning contrast media spills on the injector faces. METHODS Ten experienced radiologic technologists performed 104 tests (52 per injector) in normal light and in ambient light conditions. The tests were randomized for the radiologic technologists' distance from the injector at 2 ft (61 cm), 8 ft (244 cm), and 16 ft (488 cm). In addition, the authors tested the cleaning efficiency of the Stellant injector face with raised buttons and the Stellant FLEX injector face with buttons on a flush surface by applying a mixture of contrast media and invisible ultraviolet ink. Radiologic technologists followed 2 cleaning protocols: a quick clean (5 seconds) and a full clean (1 minute). Residual contrast mixture was measured. RESULTS The Stellant FLEX injector had an overall higher rate of correct air identification than did the Stellant injector, 97.5% vs 86.9%, respectively (P < .001), with improvement seen at greater distances. The rates for the Stellant FLEX injector remained stable for all distances (99.4%-93.9%; P < .003). A similar result was seen with ambient lighting: The visibility of air in the Stellant FLEX injector remained stable (P < .001). During cleaning, the Stellant FLEX injector required less time to reach a greater level of cleanliness and showed less contrast mixture residue, especially after the quick clean procedure (16% and 59%, respectively; P < .001). DISCUSSION Injector manufacturers provide various technologies to assist radiologic technologists in visualizing the presence of air in a syringe. The Stellant injector features clear syringes with FluiDots as an air identification technology. The Stellant FLEX injector incorporates an added feature called Beacon technology. This study's results are highly clinically relevant because unintentional iatrogenic air injection occurs in clinical practice and can, in rare cases, severely harm patients. CONCLUSION Radiologic technologists showed an improved ability to identify air in the syringes in the Stellant FLEX system. In addition, radiologic technologists were confident about their identification, specifically at greater distances and in ambient lighting conditions. The Stellant FLEX injector face also enabled quicker and more efficient cleaning.
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12
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Nagel E, Greenwood JP, McCann GP, Bettencourt N, Shah AM, Hussain ST, Perera D, Plein S, Bucciarelli-Ducci C, Paul M, Westwood MA, Marber M, Richter WS, Puntmann VO, Schwenke C, Schulz-Menger J, Das R, Wong J, Hausenloy DJ, Steen H, Berry C. Magnetic Resonance Perfusion or Fractional Flow Reserve in Coronary Disease. N Engl J Med 2019; 380:2418-2428. [PMID: 31216398 DOI: 10.1056/nejmoa1716734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 287] [Impact Index Per Article: 57.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In patients with stable angina, two strategies are often used to guide revascularization: one involves myocardial-perfusion cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the other involves invasive angiography and measurement of fractional flow reserve (FFR). Whether a cardiovascular MRI-based strategy is noninferior to an FFR-based strategy with respect to major adverse cardiac events has not been established. METHODS We performed an unblinded, multicenter, clinical-effectiveness trial by randomly assigning 918 patients with typical angina and either two or more cardiovascular risk factors or a positive exercise treadmill test to a cardiovascular MRI-based strategy or an FFR-based strategy. Revascularization was recommended for patients in the cardiovascular-MRI group with ischemia in at least 6% of the myocardium or in the FFR group with an FFR of 0.8 or less. The composite primary outcome was death, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or target-vessel revascularization within 1 year. The noninferiority margin was a risk difference of 6 percentage points. RESULTS A total of 184 of 454 patients (40.5%) in the cardiovascular-MRI group and 213 of 464 patients (45.9%) in the FFR group met criteria to recommend revascularization (P = 0.11). Fewer patients in the cardiovascular-MRI group than in the FFR group underwent index revascularization (162 [35.7%] vs. 209 [45.0%], P = 0.005). The primary outcome occurred in 15 of 421 patients (3.6%) in the cardiovascular-MRI group and 16 of 430 patients (3.7%) in the FFR group (risk difference, -0.2 percentage points; 95% confidence interval, -2.7 to 2.4), findings that met the noninferiority threshold. The percentage of patients free from angina at 12 months did not differ significantly between the two groups (49.2% in the cardiovascular-MRI group and 43.8% in the FFR group, P = 0.21). CONCLUSIONS Among patients with stable angina and risk factors for coronary artery disease, myocardial-perfusion cardiovascular MRI was associated with a lower incidence of coronary revascularization than FFR and was noninferior to FFR with respect to major adverse cardiac events. (Funded by the Guy's and St. Thomas' Biomedical Research Centre of the National Institute for Health Research and others; MR-INFORM ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT01236807.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Eike Nagel
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - John P Greenwood
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Gerry P McCann
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Nuno Bettencourt
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Ajay M Shah
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Shazia T Hussain
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Divaka Perera
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Sven Plein
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Chiara Bucciarelli-Ducci
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Matthias Paul
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Mark A Westwood
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Michael Marber
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Wolf-Stefan Richter
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Valentina O Puntmann
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Carsten Schwenke
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Rajiv Das
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Joyce Wong
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Derek J Hausenloy
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Henning Steen
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
| | - Colin Berry
- From the Institute for Experimental and Translational Cardiovascular Imaging, DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research) Center for Cardiovascular Imaging, Goethe University, and the Department of Cardiology, University Hospital Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main (E.N., V.O.P.), Pharmtrace (W.-S.R.), Schwenke Consulting (C.S.), and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, DZHK, and Helios Kliniken Berlin-Buch (J.S.-M.), Berlin, and the Clinic for Cardiology, Angiology, and Pulmonology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg (H.S.) - all in Germany; the Division of Biomedical Engineering and Imaging Sciences (E.N., S.T.H., S.P., M.P.) and British Heart Foundation Centre (A.M.S., D.P., M.M.), King's College London, Barts Heart Centre, St. Bartholomew's Hospital (M.A.W.), the Hatter Cardiovascular Institute, Institute of Cardiovascular Science, University College London (D.J.H.), and the National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) University College London Hospitals Biomedical Research Centre (D.J.H.), London, Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine, University of Leeds, Leeds (J.P.G., S.P.), the Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Leicester and the NIHR Leicester Biomedical Research Centre, Glenfield Hospital (G.P.M.), and the Department of Cardiology, Glenfield Hospital (S.T.H.), Leicester, Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol and Bristol NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, Bristol (C.B.-D.), the Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, and Freeman Hospital, Newcastle-upon-Tyne (R.D.), the Department of Cardiology, Royal Brompton and Harefield NHS Foundation Trust, Harefield Hospital, Uxbridge (J.W.), and the British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, University of Glasgow, Glasgow (C.B.) - all in the United Kingdom; Cardiovascular Research and Development Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Porto, Portugal (N.B.); Kardiologie, Herzzentrum Luzern, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Lucerne, Switzerland (M.P.); and the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders Program, Duke-National University of Singapore Medical School, and the National Heart Research Institute Singapore, National Heart Center, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore (D.J.H.)
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13
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Kurukulasuriya N, Menzler J, Schwenke C, Neubauer A, Boehnke A. TREATMENT PATHWAYS OF DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA IN GERMAN CLAIMS DATA. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.92_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- N. Kurukulasuriya
- Global Medical Affairs; MorphoSys US Inc.; Princeton NJ United States
| | - J. Menzler
- Institute for Health- and Pharmaeconomics (IfGPh); München Germany
| | | | - A.S. Neubauer
- Institute for Health- and Pharmaeconomics (IfGPh); München Germany
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14
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Erb-Eigner K, Asbach P, Ro SR, Haas M, Bertelmann E, Pietsch H, Schwenke C, Taupitz M, Denecke T, Hamm B, Lawaczeck R. DCE-MR imaging of orbital lesions: diagnostic performance of the tumor flow residence time τ calculated by a multi-compartmental pharmacokinetic tumor model based on individual factors. Acta Radiol 2019; 60:643-652. [PMID: 30114927 DOI: 10.1177/0284185118795324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Differentiating benign from malignant orbital lesions by imaging and clinical presentation can be challenging. PURPOSE To differentiate benign from malignant orbital masses using dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) based on tumor flow residence time τ calculated with the aid of a pharmacokinetic tumor model. MATERIAL AND METHODS Sixty patients with orbital masses were investigated by 3-T MRI including dynamic sequences. The signal intensity-time curve after i.v. contrast medium administration within lesions was approximated by Gd-concentration profiles on the basis of model calculations where the tumor is embedded in a whole-body kinetic model. One output of the model was tumor flow residence time τ, defined as the ratio of the tumor volume and the tumor blood flow rate. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves were used to analyze the diagnostic performance of τ. The results were compared with those of Ktrans, kep, ve, iAUC, and ADC. RESULTS Thirty-one benign and 29 malignant orbital masses were identified (reference standard: histopathology, clinical characteristics). Mean τ was significantly longer for benign masses (94 ± 48 s) than for malignant masses (21 ± 19 s, P < 0.001). ROC analysis revealed the highest area under the curve (AUC = 0.94) for τ in orbital masses compared to standard methods. CONCLUSION Tumor flow residence times τ of benign and malignant orbital masses are valuable in the diagnostic work-up of orbital tumors. Measures of diagnostic accuracy were superior for τ compared to ADC, Ktrans, ve, and iAUC.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick Asbach
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sa-Ra Ro
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Haas
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Eckart Bertelmann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Hubertus Pietsch
- MR and CT Contrast Media Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Matthias Taupitz
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Timm Denecke
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, 13353 Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- MR and CT Contrast Media Research, Bayer Pharma AG, Berlin, Germany
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15
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Unkel S, Amiri M, Benda N, Beyersmann J, Knoerzer D, Kupas K, Langer F, Leverkus F, Loos A, Ose C, Proctor T, Schmoor C, Schwenke C, Skipka G, Unnebrink K, Voss F, Friede T. On estimands and the analysis of adverse events in the presence of varying follow-up times within the benefit assessment of therapies. Pharm Stat 2019; 18:166-183. [PMID: 30458579 PMCID: PMC6587465 DOI: 10.1002/pst.1915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2018] [Revised: 09/19/2018] [Accepted: 10/23/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of adverse events (AEs) is a key component in the assessment of a drug's safety profile. Inappropriate analysis methods may result in misleading conclusions about a therapy's safety and consequently its benefit-risk ratio. The statistical analysis of AEs is complicated by the fact that the follow-up times can vary between the patients included in a clinical trial. This paper takes as its focus the analysis of AE data in the presence of varying follow-up times within the benefit assessment of therapeutic interventions. Instead of approaching this issue directly and solely from an analysis point of view, we first discuss what should be estimated in the context of safety data, leading to the concept of estimands. Although the current discussion on estimands is mainly related to efficacy evaluation, the concept is applicable to safety endpoints as well. Within the framework of estimands, we present statistical methods for analysing AEs with the focus being on the time to the occurrence of the first AE of a specific type. We give recommendations which estimators should be used for the estimands described. Furthermore, we state practical implications of the analysis of AEs in clinical trials and give an overview of examples across different indications. We also provide a review of current practices of health technology assessment (HTA) agencies with respect to the evaluation of safety data. Finally, we describe problems with meta-analyses of AE data and sketch possible solutions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Unkel
- Department of Medical StatisticsUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
| | - Marjan Amiri
- Center for Clinical TrialsUniversity Hospital EssenEssenGermany
| | - Norbert Benda
- Biostatistics and Special Pharmacokinetics Unit, Federal Institute for Drugs and Medical DevicesBonnGermany
| | | | | | - Katrin Kupas
- Bristol‐Myers Squibb GmbH & Co. KGaAMünchenGermany
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Ose
- Center for Clinical TrialsUniversity Hospital EssenEssenGermany
| | - Tanja Proctor
- Institute of Medical Biometry and InformaticsUniversity of HeidelbergHeidelbergGermany
| | - Claudia Schmoor
- Clinical Trials Unit, Faculty of Medicine and Medical CenterUniversity of FreiburgFreiburg im BreisgauGermany
| | - Carsten Schwenke
- Schwenke Consulting: Strategies and Solutions in Statistics (SCO:SSIS)BerlinGermany
| | - Guido Skipka
- Institute for Quality and Efficiency in Health CareCologneGermany
| | | | - Florian Voss
- Boehringer Ingelheim Pharma GmbH & Co. KGIngelheimGermany
| | - Tim Friede
- Department of Medical StatisticsUniversity Medical Center GoettingenGoettingenGermany
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16
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Zech CJ, Schwenke C, Endrikat J. Diagnostic Efficacy and Safety of Gadoxetate Disodium vs Gadobenate Dimeglumine in Patients With Known or Suspected Focal Liver Lesions: Results of a Clinical Phase III Study. Magn Reson Insights 2019; 12:1178623X19827976. [PMID: 30799932 PMCID: PMC6379790 DOI: 10.1177/1178623x19827976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy and safety of
gadoxetate disodium vs gadobenate dimeglumine in patients with known or
suspected focal liver lesions. Methods: This was a prospective, multicenter, double-blind, randomized,
inter-individual Phase III study. The primary target—technical efficacy—was
already published. Here, secondary efficacy parameters—sensitivity and
specificity—and safety in specific patient populations are presented.
Patients with suspected or known focal liver lesions scheduled for
contrast-enhanced liver magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) were recruited and
categorized in 4 a priori specified subgroups: (1) all patients, (2)
patients with liver cancer (hepatocellular carcinoma [HCC]), (3) patients
with cirrhosis, and (4) patients with HCC + cirrhosis. Dual multi-detector
liver computed tomography (CT) served as standard of reference. Results: A total of 295 patients were included. While the overall increase in
sensitivity across all 4 patient groups was comparable for gadoxetate
disodium (increase from pre- to post-contrast ranging from 6.2% to 9.9%) and
gadobenate dimeglumine (ranging from −2.9% to 10.0%), significant
differences were seen for some of the subgroups. There was a significantly
higher increase in sensitivity for gadoxetate disodium in patients with HCC
(7%) and HCC + cirrhosis (12.8%) in comparison with gadobenate dimeglumine.
Specificity decreased for both agents: gadoxetate disodium by −2.8% to −6.3%
and gadobenate dimeglumine by −3.3% to −8.7%. Gadoxetate showed a
significantly lower loss of specificity in all subgroups. Safety was
comparable in both groups. Conclusions: Gadoxetate disodium proved to be an effective liver-specific MRI contrast
agent. Some distinct advantages over gadobenate dimeglumine were
demonstrated in patients with HCC and patients with HCC + liver cirrhosis
for sensitivity and specificity in liver lesion detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph J Zech
- Department for Radiology and Nuclear
Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | | | - Jan Endrikat
- Bayer AG, Radiology, Berlin,
Germany
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and
Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, Homburg/Saar,
Germany
- Jan Endrikat, Bayer AG, Radiology,
Müllerstr. 178, 13353 Berlin, Germany.
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17
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Greese J, Diekhoff T, Sieper J, Schwenke C, Makowski MR, Poddubnyy D, Hamm B, Hermann KGA. Detection of Sacroiliitis by Short-tau Inversion Recovery and T2-weighted Turbo Spin Echo Sequences: Results from the SIMACT Study. J Rheumatol 2019; 46:376-383. [DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.171425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Objective.To compare proton density–weighted short-tau inversion recovery (PD-STIR) and T2-weighted fat-suppressed turbo spin echo (T2-FS) sequences for detecting osteitis lesions of the sacroiliac joints (SIJ) in patients with chronic low back pain (CLBP).Methods.This prospective study included 110 patients with CLBP and suspected spondyloarthritis and 18 healthy controls. All 128 participants (age range: 19–57 yrs) underwent 3.0 Tesla magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the SIJ including PD-STIR and T2-FS. Two readers independently scored PD-STIR and T2-FS images for osteitis in separate sessions. Sum scores and signal-to-noise (SNR) and contrast-to-noise (CNR) ratios were calculated. Images were further analyzed as to whether they fulfilled the Assessment of SpondyloArthritis international Society (ASAS) criterion of a positive MRI (MRI+). Interreader agreement was calculated using intraclass correlation coefficients.Results.Average osteitis sum scores were higher for T2-FS images (mean sum score of 4.10 in T2-FS vs 2.55 in PD-STIR, p = 0.017). Mean SNR was 16.54 for PD-STIR and 37.30 for T2-FS (p = 0.0289). Mean CNR was 4.14 for PD-STIR and 20.20 for T2-FS (p = 0.0212). For both readers, the ASAS MRI+ definition was more often fulfilled by T2-FS than by PD-STIR images, resulting in more patients being classified as having axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA): 68 patients using T2-FS versus 58 patients using PD-STIR. Interreader intraclass correlation coefficients were very good for both PD-STIR (0.91) and T2-FS (0.86).Conclusion.T2-FS sequences improve image quality and hence the detection of osteitis compared to the PD-STIR sequence. More patients were classified as axSpA based on a positive MRI by T2-FS.
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18
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Gerlinger C, Bamber L, Leverkus F, Schwenke C, Haberland C, Schmidt G, Endrikat J. Comparing the EQ-5D-5L utility index based on value sets of different countries: impact on the interpretation of clinical study results. BMC Res Notes 2019; 12:18. [PMID: 30642397 PMCID: PMC6332559 DOI: 10.1186/s13104-019-4067-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/09/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the country-specific value sets of the EQ-5D-5L utility index and to evaluate the impact on the interpretation of clinical study results. Six country value sets from Canada, England, Japan, Korea, Netherlands and Uruguay were obtained from literature. In addition, ten crosswalk value sets were downloaded from the EuroQol.org website. Results For each of the 3125 possible health states the difference between the country with the highest index and the country with the lowest index was calculated. The median difference was 0.417 across the health states. When analyzing multinational clinical studies, country-specific value sets should be used to evaluate treatment effects. Additional country-specific analyses are needed. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s13104-019-4067-9) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Gerlinger
- Statistics and Data Insights, Bayer AG, Müllerstr 178, 13353, Berlin, Germany. .,Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany.
| | - Luke Bamber
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Friedhelm Leverkus
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Pfizer Deutschland GmbH, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Claudia Haberland
- Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Bayer AG, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Gilda Schmidt
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany
| | - Jan Endrikat
- Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saarland University, Homburg, Saar, Germany.,Radiology, Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
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Buchberger B, Mattivi J, Schwenke C, Katzer C, Huppertz H, Wasem J. Critical appraisal of RCTs by 3rd year undergraduates after short courses in EBM compared to expert appraisal. GMS J Med Educ 2018; 35:Doc24. [PMID: 29963614 PMCID: PMC6022580 DOI: 10.3205/zma001171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2017] [Revised: 11/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: An essential aim of courses in evidence-based medicine (EBM) is to improve the skills for reading and interpreting medical literature adequately. Regarding the conceptual framework, it is important to consider different educational levels. Aim: Our primary aim was to investigate the applicability of different instruments for the assessment of methodological study quality by 3rd grade students after short courses in EBM. Our secondary outcomes were agreement with expert assessments and student's knowledge and competences. Methods: We conducted four short courses in EBM of 90 minutes each for health care management and medical students focused on critical appraisal of the literature. At the end, the students assessed five publications about randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using five different instruments; the results were compared to expert assessments. Results: In total, 167 students participated in our EBM courses. Students' assessments showed a non-systematic over- and underestimation of risk of bias compared to expert assessments with no clear direction. Agreement with expert assessments ranged between 66% to over 80%. Across RCTs, evidence was found that the choice of instrument had an impact on agreement rates between expert and student assessments (p=0.0158). Three RCTs showed an influence of the instrument on the agreement rate (p<0.05 each). Discussion: Our results contrast sharply with those of many other comparable evaluations. Reasons may be a lack of students' motivation due to the compulsory courses, and the comparison to a reference standard in addition to self-ratings causing objectivity. Conclusion: Undergraduates should become familiar with the principles of EBM, including research methods, and the reading of scientific papers as soon as possible. For a deeper understanding, clinical experience seems to be an indispensable precondition. Based on our results, we would recommend an integration of lectures about EBM and critical appraisal at least twice during studies and with greater intensity shortly before graduation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. Buchberger
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen, Germany
| | - J.T. Mattivi
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen, Germany
| | - C. Schwenke
- SCO:SSiS, Schwenke Consulting: Strategies and Solutions in Statistics, Berlin, Germany
| | - C. Katzer
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen, Germany
| | - H. Huppertz
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen, Germany
| | - J. Wasem
- University of Duisburg-Essen, Faculty of Economics and Business Administration, Institute for Health Care Management and Research, Essen, Germany
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20
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Abstract
Summary
Objectives:
Typically, methods for the estimation of differences in proportions from clustered data are based on complete cases with no missing information [1, 2]. In this paper we propose an extension to the method of Rao and Scott [3] and Obuchowski [2] to allow for the explicit computation of the variance of the estimator for the difference in presence of incomplete cases.
Methods:
We divided the full analysis set into a set of complete cases and a set of incomplete cases. The differences in proportions of correct diagnoses were estimated for each set by taking into consideration the clustering effect for both sets and the correlation between the procedures in the set with complete cases. Then the estimates of the two parts were combined by appropriate weights, which then allowed the explicit calculation of the variance. The performance of the extension as compared to the original method and generalized estimation equations model (GEEs) was examined by simulations.
Results:
The results of the examples suggest that the extended approach is superior to the complete-case method and is therefore appropriate when all data are to be used. In comparison to GEEs, the extended method appears to be slightly inferior, when the number of observations per patient is high, but of similar efficiency with a low number of observations per patient.
Conclusions:
With the extension of the method by Rao and Scott [3] and Obuchowski [2] we make use of all available data. Therefore, we follow the intent-to-treat principle as close as possible.
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Fahlenkamp UL, Diaz Ramirez I, Wagner M, Schwenke C, Huppertz A, Hamm B, Lembcke A. Image quality of low-radiation dose left atrial CT using filtered back projection and an iterative reconstruction algorithm: intra-individual comparison in unselected patients undergoing pulmonary vein isolation. Acta Radiol 2018; 59:161-169. [PMID: 28513211 DOI: 10.1177/0284185117708472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Computed tomography (CT) of the left atrium (LA) is performed prior to pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) to improve success of circumferential ablation for atrial fibrillation. The ablation procedure itself exposes patients to substantial radiation doses, therefore radiation dose reduction in pre-ablational imaging is of concern. Purpose To assess and compare diagnostic performance of low-radiation dose preprocedural CT in patients scheduled for PVI using two types of reconstruction algorithms. Material and Methods Forty-six patients (61 ± 10 years) scheduled for PVI were enrolled in this study irrespective of body-mass-index or cardiac rhythm at examination. An electrocardiographically triggered dual-source CT scan was performed. Filtered back projection (FBP) and iterative reconstruction (IR) algorithms were applied. Images were integrated into an electroanatomic mapping (EAM) system. Subjective image quality was scored independently by two readers on a five-point scale for both reconstruction algorithms (1 = excellent to 5 = non-diagnostic). Signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), and effective radiation dose were calculated. Results Data acquisition and EAM integration were successful in all patients. Median image quality score was 1 for both FBP (quartiles = 1, 1.62; range = 1-3) and IR (quartiles = 1, 1.5; range = 1-3). Mean SNR was 7.61 ± 2.14 for FBP and 9.02 ± 2.69 for IR. Mean CNR was 5.92 ± 1.80 for FBP and 6.95 ± 2.29 for IR. Mean effective radiation dose was 0.3 ± 0.1 mSv. Conclusion At a radiation dose of 0.3 ± 0.1 mSv, high-pitch dual-source CT yields LA images of consistently high quality using both FBP and IR. IR raises SNR and CNR without significantly improving subjective image quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ute Lina Fahlenkamp
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ivan Diaz Ramirez
- Department of Cardiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Moritz Wagner
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Alexander Huppertz
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- Present address: Klinikum Ernst von Bergmann, Potsdam, Germany
| | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Lembcke
- Department of Radiology, Charité – Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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22
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Funk S, Kermer J, Doganguezel S, Schwenke C, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Schulz-Menger J. Quantification of the left atrium applying cardiovascular magnetic resonance in clinical routine. SCAND CARDIOVASC J 2018; 52:85-92. [PMID: 29303369 DOI: 10.1080/14017431.2017.1423107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES In recent years the impact of the left atrium (LA) has become more evident in different cardiovascular pathologies. We aim to provide LA parameters in healthy volunteers for cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) using a fast approach. DESIGN We analyzed 203 healthy volunteers (mean age 44.6 years (y), range 19y-76y) at 1.5 and 3.0 Tesla (T) using steady-state free precession (SSFP) cine in routine long axis view. Left atrial enddiastolic volume (LA-EDV), endsystolic volume (LA-ESV), stroke volume (LA-SV) and ejection fraction (LA-EF) were quantified and indexed to body-surface-area (BSA). Dependency on age and sex was analyzed. RESULTS 21 subjects had to be excluded. In the remaining, there was no significant difference between 1.5 T and 3.0 T. Absolut LA-EDV and LA-ESV were larger in men than in women (LA-EDV: male 70 ± 19 ml vs. female 61 ± 16 ml (p = .001); LA-ESV: male 24 ± 9 ml vs. female 21 ± 8 ml (p = .01)). These differences disappeared after indexing to BSA (LA-EDV/BSA: male 34 ± 10 ml/m2 vs. female 33 ± 9 ml/m2 (p = .65) and LA-ESV/BSA: male 12 ± 4 ml/m2 vs. female 11 ± 4 ml/m2 (p = .71)). LA-EDV/BSA decreased with older age. CONCLUSIONS Reference values for LA size and function based on a fast approach are provided. LA size decreases with older age. Normalization to body size overcomes sex-dependency. Reports should be related to body size.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie Funk
- a Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology , Berlin , Germany.,b DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner Site Berlin , Germany
| | - Josephine Kermer
- a Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology , Berlin , Germany
| | - Serkan Doganguezel
- a Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology , Berlin , Germany
| | | | - Florian von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff
- a Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology , Berlin , Germany.,d Department of Cardiology, Clinic Agatharied, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Hausham , Germany
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- a Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiology and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, and HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology , Berlin , Germany.,b DZHK (German Center for Cardiovascular Research), partner Site Berlin , Germany
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Abstract
Background Safety data on routine clinical use of gadoxetate disodium in elderly patients is not reported yet. Purpose To assess the safety of liver specific gadoxetate disodium in contrast enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in elderly patients (≥65 years) in comparison to adults (18–64 years). Material and Methods Safety data on gadoxetate disodium were analyzed from 12 clinical phase II–III studies and from our pharmacovigilance database. A comparison between elderly (≥65 years) versus adults (18–64 years) was performed with respect to the frequency of drug-related adverse events (AEs) in clinical phase II–III studies and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) in the pharmacovigilance database. Results In clinical studies, 1989 patients were enrolled: 675 elderly and 1314 adults. Twenty-three elderly patients (3.4%) suffered at least one drug-related AE in contrast to 58 patients (4.4%) in the group of adults (odds ratio = 0.76; 95% confidence interval = 0.45–1.27). Since marketing authorization in 2004, more than 3.5 million patients have been exposed to gadoxetate disodium worldwide: 1.7 million (48.6%) in elderly and 1.8 million (51.4%) in adults. The number of patients with post-marketing ADRs (total n = 793) was 354 (0.021%) in the elderly group and 439 (0.024%) in the adult group. Thus, there were significantly fewer patients with ADRs reported in the group of elderly versus adults (P = 0.028). Hypersensitivity/immune system disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, and respiratory disorders were the most frequent ADRs in both groups, elderly and adults. Conclusion The incidence of drug-related AEs in clinical studies was similar and that of patients with ADRs in the post-marketing setting was lower in elderly (≥65 years) compared with younger adults aged 18–64 years. Overall, gadoxetate disodium shows a favorable safety profile in both age groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan Endrikat
- Bayer AG, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Reproductive Medicine, University Medical School of Saarland, Homburg/Saar, Germany
| | | | - Kai Vogtlaender
- Bayer AG, Integrated Analysis & Life Cycle Management Statistics, Wuppertal, Germany
| | - Susan Dohannish
- Bayer Pharmaceuticals, Pharmacovigilance and Risk Management, Whippany, NJ, USA
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Diekhoff T, Hermann KGA, Greese J, Schwenke C, Poddubnyy D, Hamm B, Sieper J. Comparison of MRI with radiography for detecting structural lesions of the sacroiliac joint using CT as standard of reference: results from the SIMACT study. Ann Rheum Dis 2017; 76:1502-1508. [PMID: 28283515 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2016-210640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2016] [Revised: 01/23/2017] [Accepted: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Radiographs of sacroiliac (SI) joints are used for the detection of structural damage in patients with axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA), but are often difficult to interpret. Here, we address the question how the T1-weighted MRI (T1w MRI) sequence compares with radiography for SI joints' structural lesions using low-dose CT as the standard of reference. METHODS Radiographs, T1w MRI and low-dose CT of the SI joints from 110 patients (mean age 36.1 (19-57) years, 52% males and 48% females; 53% with axSpA, 21 non-radiographic axSpA and 32% radiographic axSpA, 47% with non-SpA) referred to the rheumatologist because of unclear chronic back pain, but possible axSpA, were scored for structural lesions (erosions, sclerosis, joint space changes and an overall impression of positivity). RESULTS Using low-dose CT as the standard of reference, T1w MRI showed markedly better sensitivity with significantly more correct imaging findings compared with radiography for erosions (79% vs 42%; p=0.002), joint space changes (75% vs 41%; p=0.002) and overall positivity (85% vs 48%; p=0.001), respectively, while there were no differences between X-rays and MRI-T1 sequence regarding specificity (>80% for all scores). Only for sclerosis, MRI-T1 was inferior to radiography (sensitivity 30% vs 70%, respectively), however, not statistically significant (p=0.663). CONCLUSIONS T1w MRI was superior to radiography in the detection of structural lesion of the SI joints in patients with axSpA. Future studies should focus on finding an agreement on the definition of MRI-T1 positivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Diekhoff
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kay-Geert A Hermann
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Greese
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Denis Poddubnyy
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Medical Department I, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Humbolt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Sieper
- Clinic of Rheumatology, Medical Department I, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Humbolt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Diekhoff T, Sieper J, Greese J, Schwenke C, Poddubnyy D, Hamm B, Hermann KG. Comparison of Radiography and MRI to Detect Structural Lesions of the Sacroiliac Joints: The SIMACT Study. Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2017. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1600893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Torsten Diekhoff
- Institut für Radiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Joachim Sieper
- Klinik für Rheumatologie, Medizinische Klinik I, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Humbolt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Juliane Greese
- Institut für Radiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Denis Poddubnyy
- Klinik für Rheumatologie, Medizinische Klinik I, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Humbolt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Bernd Hamm
- Institut für Radiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Kay-Geert Hermann
- Institut für Radiologie, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Mitte, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Berlin, Germany
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Richau J, Dieringer MA, Traber J, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Greiser A, Schwenke C, Schulz-Menger J. Effects of heart valve prostheses on phase contrast flow measurements in Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance - a phantom study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2017; 19:5. [PMID: 28088917 PMCID: PMC5238524 DOI: 10.1186/s12968-016-0319-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2016] [Accepted: 12/21/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance is often used to evaluate patients after heart valve replacement. This study systematically analyses the influence of heart valve prostheses on phase contrast measurements in a phantom trial. METHODS Two biological and one mechanical aortic valve prostheses were integrated in a flow phantom. B0 maps and phase contrast measurements were acquired at a 1.5 T MR scanner using conventional gradient-echo sequences in predefined distances to the prostheses. Results were compared to measurements with a synthetic metal-free aortic valve. RESULTS The flow results at the level of the prosthesis differed significantly from the reference flow acquired before the level of the prosthesis. The maximum flow miscalculation was 154 ml/s for one of the biological prostheses and 140 ml/s for the mechanical prosthesis. Measurements with the synthetic aortic valve did not show significant deviations. Flow values measured approximately 20 mm distal to the level of the prosthesis agreed with the reference flow for all tested all prostheses. CONCLUSIONS The tested heart valve prostheses lead to a significant deviation of the measured flow rates compared to a reference. A distance of 20 mm was effective in our setting to avoid this influence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johanna Richau
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, joint cooperation of the Max-Delbrück-Centrum and Charité -Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Julius Traber
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, joint cooperation of the Max-Delbrück-Centrum and Charité -Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Florian von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, joint cooperation of the Max-Delbrück-Centrum and Charité -Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany
- HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Berlin, Germany
- Department of Cardiology, Clinic Agatharied, Ludwig-Maximilians-University Munich, Hausham, Germany
| | | | | | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, joint cooperation of the Max-Delbrück-Centrum and Charité -Medical University Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
- HELIOS Klinikum Berlin-Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Berlin, Germany.
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27
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Durmus T, Luhur R, Daqqaq T, Schwenke C, Knobloch G, Huppertz A, Hamm B, Lembcke A. Individual selection of X-ray tube settings in computed tomography coronary angiography: Reliability of an automated software algorithm to maintain constant image quality. Eur J Radiol 2016; 85:963-71. [PMID: 27130057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2016.03.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2015] [Revised: 02/28/2016] [Accepted: 03/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate a software tool that claims to maintain a constant contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) in high-pitch dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) by automatically selecting both X-ray tube voltage and current. METHODS A total of 302 patients (171 males; age 61±12years; body weight 82±17kg, body mass index 27.3±4.6kg/cm(2)) underwent CTCA with a topogram-based, automatic selection of both tube voltage and current using dedicated software with quality reference values of 100kV and 250mAs/rotation (i.e., standard values for an average adult weighing 75kg) and an injected iodine load of 222mg/kg. RESULTS The average radiation dose was estimated to be 1.02±0.64mSv. All data sets had adequate contrast enhancement. Average CNR in the aortic root, left ventricle, and left and right coronary artery was 15.7±4.5, 8.3±2.9, 16.1±4.3 and 15.3±3.9 respectively. Individual CNR values were independent of patients' body size and radiation dose. However, individual CNR values may vary considerably between subjects as reflected by interquartile ranges of 12.6-18.6, 6.2-9.9, 12.8-18.9 and 12.5-17.9 respectively. Moreover, average CNR values were significantly lower in males than females (15.1±4.1 vs. 16.6±11.7 and 7.9±2.7 vs. 8.9±3.0, 15.5±3.9 vs. 16.9±4.6 and 14.7±3.6 vs. 16.0±4.1 respectively). CONCLUSION A topogram-based automatic selection of X-ray tube settings in CTCA provides diagnostic image quality independent of patients' body size. Nevertheless, considerable variation of individual CNR values between patients and significant differences of CNR values between males and females occur which questions the reliability of this approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tahir Durmus
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany.
| | - Reny Luhur
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Tareef Daqqaq
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Gesine Knobloch
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Bernd Hamm
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander Lembcke
- Department of Radiology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Charité Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
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Egbers N, Schwenke C, Maxeiner A, Teichgräber U, Franiel T. MRI-guided core needle biopsy of the prostate: acceptance and side effects. Diagn Interv Radiol 2016; 21:215-21. [PMID: 25858525 DOI: 10.5152/dir.2014.14372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to study side effects, complications, and patient acceptance of magnetic resonance imaging-guided real-time biopsy (MRI-GB) of the prostate. METHODS Fifty-four men (49-78 years) with elevated prostate-specific antigen after at least one negative systematic transrectal ultrasound-guided biopsy (TRUS-GB) were included in a prospective clinical study. Suspicious areas on images were selectively sampled by obtaining a median of four specimens (range, 1-9 specimens) using MRI-GB. In TRUS-GB, a median of 10 specimens (range, 6-14 specimens) were obtained. Telephone interviews were conducted one week after outpatient MRI-GB, asking patients about pain and side effects (hematuria, hemospermia, rectal bleeding, fever, and chills) of the two biopsy procedures and which of the two procedures they preferred. Multinomial regression analysis and Fisher's exact test was used to test for differences. RESULTS MRI-GB was preferred by 65% (35/54), and 82% (44/54) would undergo MRI-GB again. Pain intensity (P = 0.005) and bleeding duration (P = 0.004) were significantly lower for MRI-GB compared with TRUS-GB. Hematuria was less common after MRI-GB compared with TRUS-GB (P = 0.006). A high correlation was given between bleeding intensity and bleeding duration for TRUS-GB (r=0.77) and pain intensity and pain duration for MRI-GB (r=0.65). Although hemospermia, rectal hemorrhage, fever, and chills were less common in MRI, they showed no statistically significant difference. CONCLUSION MRI-GB of the prostate seems to have fewer side effects and less pain intensity than TRUS-GB and was preferred by the majority of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Egbers
- Center of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.
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Stein A, Schwenke C, Folprecht G, Arnold D. Effect of Application and Intensity of Bevacizumab-based Maintenance After Induction Chemotherapy With Bevacizumab for Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Meta-analysis. Clin Colorectal Cancer 2015; 15:e29-39. [PMID: 26781523 DOI: 10.1016/j.clcc.2015.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The administration and intensity of bevacizumab-based maintenance therapy after induction treatment with bevacizumab is still a matter of debate. Thus, the present meta-analysis and an indirect comparison were performed to clarify these issues. PATIENTS AND METHODS Trials evaluating a separately defined "maintenance phase," with randomization after the induction phase, were selected. Three trials of maintenance with bevacizumab with or without a fluoropyrimidine (CAIRO3, SAKK 41/06, and AIO KRK 0207) were analyzed regarding the effect on progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of any maintenance therapy compared with observation alone and different maintenance intensities (bevacizumab with or without fluoropyrimidine) compared with observation alone and between each other. RESULTS Maintenance with bevacizumab with or without fluoropyrimidine after bevacizumab-based induction treatment for 4 to 6 months significantly improved PFS (hazard ratio [HR], 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.43-0.75; P = .0004) and showed a trend toward prolonged OS (HR, 0.89; 95% CI, 0.78-1.02; P = .09) compared with observation alone. The effect on PFS increased with the intensity of the maintenance regimen (HR, 0.72; 95% CI, 0.60-0.85 for single-agent bevacizumab vs. HR, 0.45; 95%, CI 0.39-0.51 for combination therapy, both compared to observation alone). In contrast, the HRs for OS remained in the same range. A similarly improved PFS (HR, 0.63; 95% CI, 0.50-0.79) was shown for the more intensive maintenance therapy (bevacizumab and fluoropyrimidine) compared with bevacizumab alone. CONCLUSION Bevacizumab-based maintenance therapy after induction chemotherapy with bevacizumab significantly improves PFS and showed a trend toward prolonged OS and should thus be considered, in particular, in patients with a response to induction treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Stein
- Hubertus Wald Tumour Centre, University Cancer Centre Hamburg; and Second Department of Internal Medicine, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Carsten Schwenke
- Schwenke Consulting: Strategies and Solutions in Statistics, Berlin, Germany
| | - Gunnar Folprecht
- Medical Department I, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, University Cancer Center, Dresden, Germany
| | - Dirk Arnold
- CUF Hospitals Cancer Centre, Lisbon, Portugal; Hubertus Wald Tumour Centre, University Cancer Centre Hamburg, University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany
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Töpper A, Polleichtner S, Zagrosek A, Prothmann M, Traber J, Schwenke C, von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Schaarschmidt K, Schulz-Menger J. Impact of surgical correction of pectus excavatum on cardiac function: insights on the right ventricle. A cardiovascular magnetic resonance study†. Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2015; 22:38-46. [PMID: 26487434 DOI: 10.1093/icvts/ivv286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2015] [Accepted: 09/03/2015] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Pectus excavatum (PE) is often regarded as a cosmetic disease, while its effect on cardiac function is under debate. Data regarding cardiac function before and after surgical correction of PE are limited. We aimed to assess the impact of surgical correction of PE on cardiac function by cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR). METHODS CMR at 1.5 T was performed in 38 patients (mean age 21 ± 8.3; 31 men) before and after surgical correction to evaluate thoracic morphology, indices and its relation to three-dimensional left and right ventricular cardiac function. RESULTS Surgery was successful in all patients as shown by the Haller Index ratio of maximum transverse diameter of the chest wall and minimum sternovertebral distance [pre: 9.64 (95% CI 8.18-11.11) vs post: 3.0 (2.84-3.16), P < 0.0001]. Right ventricular ejection fraction (RVEF) was reduced before surgery and improved significantly at the 1-year follow-up [pre: 45.7% (43.9-47.4%) vs 48.3% (46.9-49.5%), P = 0.0004]. Left ventricular ejection fraction was normal before surgery, but showed a further improvement after 1 year [pre: 61.0% (59.3-62.7%) vs 62.7% (61.3-64.2%), P = 0.0165]. Cardiac compression and the asymmetry index changed directly after surgery and were stable at the 1-year follow-up [3.93 (3.53-4.33) vs 2.08 (1.98-2.19) and 2.36 (2.12-2.59) vs 1.38 (1.33-1.44), respectively; P < 0.0001 for both]. None of the obtained thoracic indices were predictors of the improvement of cardiac function. A reduced preoperative RVEF was predictive of RVEF improvement. CONCLUSIONS PE is associated with reduced RVEF, which improves after surgical correction. CMR has the capability of offering additional information prior to surgical correction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Töpper
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Anja Zagrosek
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Prothmann
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | - Julius Traber
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Florian von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Berlin, Germany
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Endrikat J, Schwenke C, Prince M. Gadobutrol for contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging in elderly patients: review of the safety profile from clinical trial, post-marketing surveillance, and pharmacovigilance data. Clin Radiol 2015; 70:743-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2015.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2014] [Revised: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 03/19/2015] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Saake M, Langner S, Schwenke C, Weibart M, Jansen O, Hosten N, Doerfler A. MRI in multiple sclerosis: an intra-individual, randomized and multicentric comparison of gadobutrol with gadoterate meglumine at 3 T. Eur Radiol 2015; 26:820-8. [PMID: 26123410 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-015-3889-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2015] [Revised: 05/28/2015] [Accepted: 06/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare contrast effects of gadobutrol with gadoterate meglumine for brain MRI in multiple sclerosis (MS) in a multicentre, randomized, prospective, intraindividual study at 3 T. METHODS Institutional review board approval was obtained. Patients with known or suspected active MS lesions were included. Two identical MRIs were performed using randomized contrast agent order. Four post-contrast T1 sequences were acquired (start time points 0, 3, 6 and 9 min). If no enhancing lesion was present in first MRI, second MRI was cancelled. Quantitative (number and signal intensity of enhancing lesions) and qualitative parameters (time points of first and all lesions enhancing; subjective preference regarding contrast enhancement and lesion delineation; global preference) were evaluated blinded. RESULTS Seventy-four patients (male, 26; mean age, 35 years) were enrolled in three centres. In 45 patients enhancing lesions were found. Number of enhancing lesions increased over time for both contrast agents without significant difference (median 2 for both). Lesions signal intensity was significantly higher for gadobutrol (p < 0.05 at time points 3, 6 and 9 min). Subjective preference rating showed non-significant tendency in favour of gadobutrol. CONCLUSION Both gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine can be used for imaging of acute inflammatory MS lesions. However, gadobutrol generates higher lesion SI. KEY POINTS Contrast-enhanced MRI plays a key role in the management of multiple sclerosis. Different gadolinium-based contrast agents are available. Number of visibly enhancing lesions increases over time after contrast injection. Gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine do not differ in number of visible lesions. Gadobutrol generates higher signal intensity than gadoterate meglumine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marc Saake
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Soenke Langner
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | | | - Marina Weibart
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Olav Jansen
- Department of Radiology and Neuroradiology, University of Kiel, Kiel, Germany
| | - Norbert Hosten
- Institute for Diagnostic Radiology and Neuroradiology, University Medicine Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany
| | - Arnd Doerfler
- Department of Neuroradiology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany
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Fallenberg EM, Renz DM, Karle B, Schwenke C, Ingod-Heppner B, Reles A, Engelken FJ, Huppertz A, Hamm B, Taupitz M. Intraindividual, randomized comparison of the macrocyclic contrast agents gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine in breast magnetic resonance imaging. Eur Radiol 2014; 25:837-49. [PMID: 25249313 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-014-3426-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2014] [Revised: 08/19/2014] [Accepted: 08/29/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare intraindividually two macrocyclic contrast agents - gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine (Gd-DOTA) - for dynamic and quantitative assessment of relative enhancement (RE) in benign and malignant breast lesions. METHODS This was an ethically approved, prospective, single-centre, randomized, crossover study in 52 women with suspected breast lesions referred for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Each patient underwent one examination with gadobutrol and one with Gd-DOTA (0.1 mmol/kg BW) on a 1.5 T system 1 - 7 days apart. Dynamic, T1-weighted, 3D gradient echo sequences were acquired under identical conditions. Quantitative evaluation with at least three regions of interest (ROI) per lesion was performed. Primary endpoint was RE during the initial postcontrast phase after the first and second dynamic acquisition, and peak RE. All lesions were histologically proven; differences between the examinations were evaluated. RESULTS Forty-five patients with a total of 11 benign and 34 malignant lesions were assessed. Mean RE was significantly higher for gadobutrol than Gd-DOTA (p < 0.0001). Gadobutrol showed significantly less washout (64.4 %) than Gd-DOTA (75.4 %) in malignant lesions (p = 0.048) CONCLUSIONS: Gadobutrol has higher RE values compared with Gd-DOTA, whereas Gd-DOTA shows more marked washout in malignant lesions. This might improve the detection of breast lesions and influence the specificity of breast MRI-imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva M Fallenberg
- Department of Radiology, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Augustenburger Platz 1, 13353, Berlin, Germany,
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Toepper A, Poleichtner S, Prothmann M, Zagrosek A, Schwenke C, von Knobelsdorff F, Schaarschmidt K, Schulz-Menger J. Cardiac magnetic resonance in patients with pectus excavatum: impact of thoracic surgery on cardiac function - a follow- up-study. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2014. [PMCID: PMC4044734 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-16-s1-p96] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Durmus T, Goldmann U, Baur AD, Huppertz A, Schwenke C, Hamm B, Franiel T. MR-guided biopsy of the prostate: Comparison of diagnostic specimen quality with 18G and 16G biopsy needles. Eur J Radiol 2013; 82:e749-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejrad.2013.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 08/05/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Werner SG, Langer HE, Schott P, Bahner M, Schwenke C, Lind-Albrecht G, Spiecker F, Kurtz B, Burmester GR, Backhaus M. Indocyanine Green-Enhanced Fluorescence Optical Imaging in Patients With Early and Very Early Arthritis: A Comparative Study With Magnetic Resonance Imaging. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 65:3036-44. [DOI: 10.1002/art.38175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/22/2013] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie G. Werner
- Charité University Medicine Berlin; Berlin Germany
- RHIO Center Dusseldorf and RHIO Research Institute; Dusseldorf Germany
| | | | - Peter Schott
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Dusseldorf; Dusseldorf Germany
| | | | | | | | | | - Bernward Kurtz
- Evangelisches Krankenhaus Dusseldorf; Dusseldorf Germany
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Fahlenkamp U, Lembcke A, Roesler R, Schwenke C, Huppertz A, Streitparth F, Taupitz M, Hamm B, Wagner M. ECG-gated imaging of the left atrium and pulmonary veins: Intra-individual comparison of CTA and MRA. Clin Radiol 2013; 68:1059-64. [DOI: 10.1016/j.crad.2013.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2012] [Revised: 04/26/2013] [Accepted: 05/03/2013] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Lembcke A, Schwenke C, Hein PA, Knobloch G, Durmus T, Hamm B, Huppertz A. High-pitch dual-source CT coronary angiography with low volumes of contrast medium. Eur Radiol 2013; 24:120-7. [PMID: 23949727 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-2988-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2013] [Revised: 07/13/2013] [Accepted: 07/17/2013] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To assess the effect of lower volumes of contrast medium (CM) on image quality in high-pitch dual-source computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA). METHODS One-hundred consecutive patients (body weight 65-85 kg, stable heart rate ≤65 bpm, cardiac index ≥2.5 L/min/m(2)) referred for CTCA were prospectively enrolled. Patients were randomly assigned to one of five groups of different CM volumes (G30, 30 mL; G40, 40 mL; G50, 50 mL; G60, 60 mL; G70, 70 mL; flow rate 5 mL/s each, iodine content 370 mg/mL). Attenuation within the proximal and distal coronary artery segments was analysed. RESULTS Mean attenuation for men and women ranged from 345.0 and 399.1 HU in G30 to 478.2 and 571.8 HU in G70. Mean attenuation values were higher in groups with higher CM volumes (P < 0.0001) and higher in women than in men (P < 0.0001). The proportions of segments with attenuation of at least 300 HU in G30, G40, G50, G60 and G70 were 89 %, 95 %, 98 %, 98 % and 99 %. CM volume of 30 mL in women and 40 mL in men proved to be sufficient to guarantee attenuation of at least 300 HU. CONCLUSIONS In selected patients high-pitch dual-source CTCA can be performed with CM volumes of 40 mL in men or 30 mL in women. KEY POINTS • High-pitch dual-source coronary angiography is feasible with low contrast media volumes. • Traditional injection rules still apply: higher volumes result in higher enhancement. • The patient's gender is a co-factor determining the level of contrast enhancement. • Volumes can be reduced down to 30-40 mL in selected patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lembcke
- Department of Radiology, Charité - University Medicine Berlin, Campus Charité Mitte, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany,
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Pediconi F, Kubik-Huch R, Chilla B, Schwenke C, Kinkel K. Erratum to: Intra-individual randomised comparison of gadobutrol 1.0 M versus gadobenate dimeglumine 0.5 M in patients scheduled for preoperative breast MRI. Eur Radiol 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-2908-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Durmus T, Vollnberg B, Schwenke C, Kilic E, Huppertz A, Taupitz M, Franiel T. Dynamic contrast enhanced MRI of the prostate: comparison of gadobutrol and Gd-DTPA. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2013; 185:862-8. [PMID: 23888476 DOI: 10.1055/s-0033-1335892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the enhancement profile of the macrocyclic contrast medium (CM) gadobutrol in comparison to linear CM Gd-DTPA in DCE-MRI of the prostate. MATERIALS AND METHODS In total 53 patients with prostata cancer (PCa) were included, who received a radical prostatectomy after multiparametric MRI of the prostate including DCE-MRI. Using circular regions of interests normal peripheral zone (PZ) and PCa foci > 5 mm in diameter (42 and 34 foci in Gd-DTPA and gadobutrol group, respectively) were analysed in DCE-MRI. Enhancement curves (Type I, II and III) and pharmacokinetic parameters were analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively and compared using mixed linear models (two sided p-values < 0.05 were regarded significant). RESULTS There was no significant difference in frequencies of curve types I, II or III in the normal PZ (p = 0.63) or in PCa foci (p = 0.75). PCa with a Gleason score ≥ 7 had in comparison to Gleason ≤ 6 significantly more often a Wash-Out-curve (Type III) with both CM (p = 0.02). The relative peak enhancement was in the PZ (Gd-DTPA 1.4 a. u. [1.20; 1.59], gadobutrol 1.58 a. u. [1.37; 1.78]) and in PCa foci (Gd-DTPA 1.56 a. u. [1.41; 1.71], gadobutrol 1.76 a. u. [1.59; 1.94]) significantly higher with gadobutrol (p = 0.04). The pharmacokinetic parameters Ktrans und kep were higher in PCa foci than in PZ (p < 0.0001 and p = 0.002, respectively) without significant difference of the parameter values between both CM (p = 0.65). CONCLUSION [corrected] This study is the first systematic comparison of gadobutrol and Gd-DTPA in DCE-MRI of the prostate. The relative peak enhancement is higher using gadobutrol compared to Gd-DTPA in DCE-MRI. There was no statistically significant difference in curve types or the pharmacokinetic parameters in PCa or normal PZ between both CM.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Durmus
- Department of Radiology, Charité Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
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Koenig M, Schulte-Altedorneburg G, Piontek M, Hentsch A, Spangenberg P, Schwenke C, Harders A, Heuser L. Intra-individual, randomised comparison of the MRI contrast agents gadobutrol versus gadoteridol in patients with primary and secondary brain tumours, evaluated in a blinded read. Eur Radiol 2013; 23:3287-95. [PMID: 23824152 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-2946-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2012] [Revised: 05/20/2013] [Accepted: 05/27/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To prove that 1.0 M gadobutrol provides superior contrast enhancement and MRI image characteristics of primary and secondary brain tumours compared with 0.5 M gadoteridol, thereby providing superior diagnostic information. METHODS Brain MRI was performed in two separate examinations in patients scheduled for neurosurgery. Independent injections of 1.0 M gadobutrol and 0.5 M gadoteridol at doses of 0.1 mmol Gd/kg body weight were administered per patient in randomised order. Evaluation was performed in an off-site blinded read. RESULTS Fifty-one patients in the full analysis set (FAS) were eligible for efficacy analysis and 44 for the per-protocol analysis. For the primary efficacy variable "preference in contrast enhancement for one contrast agent or the other", the rate of "gadobutrol preferred" was estimated at 0.73 (95 % confidence interval 0.61; 0.83), showing significant superiority of gadobutrol over gadoteridol. Calculated lesion-to-brain contrast and the results of all qualitative secondary efficacy variables were also in favour of gadobutrol. Keeping a sufficient time delay after contrast application proved to be essential to get optimal image quality. CONCLUSION Compared with 0.5 M gadoteridol, 1.0 M gadobutrol was proven to have significantly superior contrast enhancement characteristics in a routine MRI protocol of primary and secondary brain tumours.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Koenig
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology and Neuroradiology, Klinikum Luenen St. Marien-Hospital, Lünen, Germany
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von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff F, Prothmann M, Dieringer MA, Wassmuth R, Greiser A, Schwenke C, Niendorf T, Schulz-Menger J. Myocardial T1 and T2 mapping at 3 T: reference values, influencing factors and implications. J Cardiovasc Magn Reson 2013; 15:53. [PMID: 23777327 PMCID: PMC3702448 DOI: 10.1186/1532-429x-15-53] [Citation(s) in RCA: 177] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2013] [Accepted: 06/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Myocardial T1 and T2 mapping using cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) are promising to improve tissue characterization and early disease detection. This study aimed at analyzing the feasibility of T1 and T2 mapping at 3 T and providing reference values. METHODS Sixty healthy volunteers (30 males/females, each 20 from 20-39 years, 40-59 years, 60-80 years) underwent left-ventricular T1 and T2 mapping in 3 short-axis slices at 3 T. For T2 mapping, 3 single-shot steady-state free precession (SSFP) images with different T2 preparation times were acquired. For T1 mapping, modified Look-Locker inversion recovery technique with 11 single shot SSFP images was used before and after injection of gadolinium contrast. T1 and T2 relaxation times were quantified for each slice and each myocardial segment. RESULTS Mean T2 and T1 (pre-/post-contrast) times were: 44.1 ms/1157.1 ms/427.3 ms (base), 45.1 ms/1158.7 ms/411.2 ms (middle), 46.9 ms/1180.6 ms/399.7 ms (apex). T2 and pre-contrast T1 increased from base to apex, post-contrast T1 decreased. Relevant inter-subject variability was apparent (scatter factor 1.08/1.05/1.11 for T2/pre-contrast T1/post-contrast T1). T2 and post-contrast T1 were influenced by heart rate (p < 0.0001, p = 0.0020), pre-contrast T1 by age (p < 0.0001). Inter- and intra-observer agreement of T2 (r = 0.95; r = 0.95) and T1 (r = 0.91; r = 0.93) were high. T2 maps: 97.7% of all segments were diagnostic and 2.3% were excluded (susceptibility artifact). T1 maps (pre-/post-contrast): 91.6%/93.9% were diagnostic, 8.4%/6.1% were excluded (predominantly susceptibility artifact 7.7%/3.2%). CONCLUSIONS Myocardial T2 and T1 reference values for the specific CMR setting are provided. The diagnostic impact of the high inter-subject variability of T2 and T1 relaxation times requires further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florian von Knobelsdorff-Brenkenhoff
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcel Prothmann
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias A Dieringer
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | - Ralf Wassmuth
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany
| | | | | | - Thoralf Niendorf
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Experimental and Clinical Research Center, a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
| | - Jeanette Schulz-Menger
- Berlin Ultrahigh Field Facility, Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin, Germany
- Working Group on Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance, Experimental and Clinical Research Center a joint cooperation between the Charité Medical Faculty and the Max-Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine HELIOS Klinikum Berlin Buch, Department of Cardiology and Nephrology, Lindenberger Weg 80, 13125, Berlin, Germany
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Bahner M, Schwenke C, Schirner M. THU0430 Image pattern in fluorescence optical imaging of the hands: Does xiralite support differential diagnosis? A feasibility study. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.2395] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Werner S, Käßer U, Amberger C, Piesga M, Spiecker F, Volberg C, Schwenke C, Langer HE, Backhaus M. SAT0416 Interreader-reliability of standardized evaluation of ICG-enhanced fluorescence-optical imaging:. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-eular.3362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Glimm AM, Werner SG, Ohrndorf S, Schwenke C, Schmittat G, Burmester GR, Backhaus M. AB0713 Comparison of icg-enhanced fluorescence optical imaging and musculoskeletal ultrasound in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2013-eular.3035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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Kinkel K, Schwenke C, Kubik-Huch R, Pediconi F. Intra-individual randomised comparison of gadobutrol 1.0 M versus gadobenate dimeglumine 0.5 M in patients scheduled for preoperative breast MRI. Eur Radiol 2013; 23:2097-9. [PMID: 23712434 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-013-2878-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2013] [Accepted: 04/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Pediconi F, Kubik-Huch R, Chilla B, Schwenke C, Kinkel K. Intra-individual randomised comparison of gadobutrol 1.0 M versus gadobenate dimeglumine 0.5 M in patients scheduled for preoperative breast MRI. Eur Radiol 2012; 23:84-92. [PMID: 22797979 DOI: 10.1007/s00330-012-2557-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2012] [Revised: 05/21/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To demonstrate non-inferiority of gadobutrol versus gadobenate dimeglumine by intra-individually comparing 0.1 mmol/kg body weight doses for contrast-enhanced breast magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and prospectively evaluating lesion detection and characterisation in a multicentre trial. METHODS Two identical breast MRI examinations were performed in 72 patients with biopsy-proven breast cancer, separated by 1-7 days. Gadobutrol 1.0 M or gadobenate 0.5 M were administered in a randomised order. Lesion detection and characterisation were performed by two independent blinded readers. Lesion tracking, which compared on-site readings and histology from surgery or biopsy, was performed by a third reader. Differences in lesion detection and characterisation were compared between the two contrast agents. RESULTS Among 103 lesions, 96 were malignant and 7 were benign. No difference in lesion detection was identified between the contrast agents (82.33 % for gadobutrol, 81.60 % for gadobenate). Assessment of sensitivity in lesion characterisation and Breast Imaging Reporting and Data Systems showed no difference between gadobutrol (92.63 %) and gadobenate (90.53 %). Regarding morphology, there was more non-focal enhancement for gadobutrol than for gadobenate (P = 0.0057). CONCLUSION Non-inferiority of gadobutrol compared with gadobenate was demonstrated for breast lesion detection and sensitivity in lesion characterisation in breast MRI.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Pediconi
- Department of Radiological Sciences, University La Sapienza, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.
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Wagner M, Schilling R, Doeblin P, Huppertz A, Luhur R, Schwenke C, Maurer M, Hamm B, Taupitz M, Durmus T. Macrocyclic contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging of chronic myocardial infarction: intraindividual comparison of gadobutrol and gadoterate meglumine. Eur Radiol 2012; 23:108-14. [DOI: 10.1007/s00330-012-2563-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2012] [Revised: 05/18/2012] [Accepted: 05/24/2012] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Werner SG, Langer HE, Ohrndorf S, Bahner M, Schott P, Schwenke C, Schirner M, Bastian H, Lind-Albrecht G, Kurtz B, Burmester GR, Backhaus M. Inflammation assessment in patients with arthritis using a novel in vivo fluorescence optical imaging technology. Ann Rheum Dis 2012; 71:504-10. [PMID: 22388997 PMCID: PMC3298665 DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2010-148288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Indocyanine green (ICG)-enhanced fluorescence optical imaging (FOI) is an established technology for imaging of inflammation in animal models. In experimental models of arthritis, FOI findings corresponded to histologically proven synovitis. This is the first comparative study of FOI with other imaging modalities in humans with arthritis. METHODS 252 FOI examinations (Xiralite system, mivenion GmbH, Berlin, Germany; ICG bolus of 0.1 mg/kg/body weight, sequence of 360 images, one image per second) were compared with clinical examination (CE), ultrasonography (US) and MRI of patients with arthritis of the hands. RESULTS In an FOI sequence, three phases could be distinguished (P1-P3). With MRI as reference, FOI had a sensitivity of 76% and a specificity of 54%, while the specificity of phase 1 was 94%. FOI had agreement rates up to 88% versus CE, 64% versus greyscale US, 88% versus power Doppler US and 83% versus MRI, depending on the compared phase and parameter. FOI showed a higher rate of positive results compared to CE, US and MRI. In individual patients, FOI correlated significantly (p<0.05) with disease activity (Disease Activity Score 28, r=0.41), US (r=0.40) and RAMRIS (Rheumatoid Arthritis MRI Score) (r=0.56). FOI was normal in 97.8% of joints of controls. CONCLUSION ICG-enhanced FOI is a new technology offering sensitive imaging detection of inflammatory changes in subjects with arthritis. FOI was more sensitive than CE and had good agreement with CE, US in power Doppler mode and MRI, while showing more positive results than these. An adequate interpretation of an FOI sequence requires a separate evaluation of all phases. For the detection of synovitis and tenosynovitis, FOI appears to be as informative as 1.5 T MRI and US.
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Lassel EA, Rao R, Schwenke C, Schoenberg SO, Michaely HU. Evidenzbasierte Medizin: Entscheidungsfindung bezüglich der Dignität von Nierenläsionen anhand einer Metaanalyse der diffusionsgewichteten Bildgebung. ROFO-FORTSCHR RONTG 2012. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0032-1311289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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