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Picco G, Rao Y, Al Saedi A, Lee Y, Vieira SF, Bhosle S, May K, Herranz-Ors C, Walker SJ, Shenje R, Dincer C, Gibson F, Banerjee R, Hewitson Z, Werner T, Cottom JE, Peng Y, Deng N, Landis P, Conticelli D, McCarten K, Bush J, Sharma M, Lightfoot H, House D, Milford E, Grant EK, Glogowski MP, Wagner CD, Bantscheff M, Rutkowska-Klute A, Network Uk Group CM, Zappacosta F, Pettinger J, Barthorpe S, Eberl HC, Jones BT, Schneck JL, Murphy DJ, Voest EE, Taygerly JP, DeMartino MP, Coelho MA, Houseley J, Sharma G, Schwartz BJ, Garnett MJ. Novel WRN Helicase Inhibitors Selectively Target Microsatellite Unstable Cancer Cells. Cancer Discov 2024:742950. [PMID: 38587317 DOI: 10.1158/2159-8290.cd-24-0052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/09/2024]
Abstract
Microsatellite-unstable (MSI) cancers require WRN helicase to resolve replication stress due to expanded DNA (TA)n-dinucleotide repeats. WRN is a promising synthetic lethal target for MSI tumours, and WRN inhibitors are in development. Here, we used CRISPR-Cas9 base editing to map WRN residues critical for MSI cells, validating the helicase domain as the primary drug target. Fragment-based screening led to the development of potent and highly selective WRN helicase covalent inhibitors. These compounds selectively suppressed MSI model growth In vitro and In vivo by mimicking WRN loss, inducing DNA double-strand breaks at expanded TA-repeats and DNA damage. Assessment of biomarkers in preclinical models linked TA-repeat expansions and mismatch repair (MMR) alterations to compound activity. Efficacy was confirmed in immunotherapy-resistant organoids and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) models. The discovery of potent, selective covalent WRN inhibitors provides proof of concept for synthetic-lethal targeting of WRN in MSI cancer and tools to dissect WRN biology.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Yanhua Rao
- GSK, Upper Providence, PA, US 19426, United States
| | | | - Yang Lee
- GSK, Upper Providence, PA, US 19426, United States
| | | | | | - Kieron May
- Babraham Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | - Cansu Dincer
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | - Freddy Gibson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Zoe Hewitson
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | - Joshua E Cottom
- GlaxoSmithKline (United States), Upper Providence, PA, United States
| | - Yang Peng
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TEXAS, United States
| | | | | | - Daniela Conticelli
- University of Torino, Candiolo Cancer Institute - FPO,IRCCS, Candiolo, TO, Italy
| | | | | | - Mamta Sharma
- Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Syd Barthorpe
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, United Kingdom
| | | | | | | | | | - Emile E Voest
- Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, Netherlands
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