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Clinical validation of a saliva-based matrix metalloproteinase-1 rapid strip test for detection of oral cavity cancer. Biomed J 2024; 47:100594. [PMID: 37044249 PMCID: PMC10821597 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND We previously identified matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) as one of the most promising salivary biomarkers for oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and developed a sensitive ELISA for MMP-1 with good performance in detection of OSCC using a cohort of 1160 saliva samples. METHODS A time-saving rapid strip test (RST) for MMP-1 was developed in this study and its diagnostic performance compared with ELISA using saliva samples from a new cohort of 603 subjects (171 healthy controls, 236 patients with oral potentially malignant disorders, and 196 OSCC patients). RESULTS Salivary MMP-1 levels measured using RST and ELISA were highly comparable and both assays could effectively distinguish between OSCC and non-cancerous groups. Similar to ELISA, receiver operating characteristic curve analysis of the MMP-1 RST was effective in identifying patients with OSCC at different oral cavity sites and stages. CONCLUSIONS Salivary MMP-1 can be sensitively detected using both RST and ELISA methods. Our newly developed point-of-care MMP-1 RST is a promising in vitro diagnostic device (IVD) that may serve as a novel auxiliary tool in the routine clinical detection and monitoring of OSCC.
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[Predictive value of serum Gal-13, GLP-1 and VEGF levels in adverse pregnancy outcomes of gestational diabetes mellitus]. ZHONGHUA YU FANG YI XUE ZA ZHI [CHINESE JOURNAL OF PREVENTIVE MEDICINE] 2023; 57:2140-2146. [PMID: 38186168 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112150-20230926-00226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
To explore the application value of serum Gal-13, GLP-1 and VEGF in the prevention and guidance of adverse pregnancy outcomes in gestational diabetes (GDM). A retrospective study with case-control method was used to select 1 012 GDM patients from Haikou Maternal and Child Health Hospital from January 2019 to December 2022 as the study objects, and they were divided into poor pregnancy outcome group (n=342) and good pregnancy outcome group (n=670) according to whether they had adverse pregnancy outcomes. The medical records of 521 healthy women with normal glucose metabolism were selected as the control group. Serum Gal-13 and GLP-1 were detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and VEGF was determined by IAMMGE specific protein analyzer. After comparing the differences of the above factors among the three groups, multivariate logistic regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients, and ROC curve was drawn to analyze the predictive value of serum Gal-13, GLP-1 and VEGF levels on adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients. The results showed that Fasting blood glucose (FPG), glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) and fasting insulin (FINS) in the adverse pregnancy outcome group were 5.92(4.98, 6.41) mmol/L, 5.32(4.96, 5.47)%, 62.56(49.21,99.50) pmol/L, VEGF was 495.47(389.14, 567.13) ng/L, TSH was 1.48(1.34, 1.58) mIU/L, right ventricular myocardial work index (Tei index) was 0.59(0.45, 0.67), 89 cases of elderly parturients; FPG was 4.45(4.16, 5.03) mmol/L, HbA1c was 5.04(4.86, 5.29)%, FINS was 57.41(46.90, 74.08) pmol/L, VEGF was 405.84(348.02, 462.68) ng/L, TSH was 1.42(1.25, 1.50) mIU/L, Tei index was 0.50(0.47, 0.64), there were 142 cases of old women. In the control group, FPG was 4.33(4.05, 4.75) mmol/L, HbA1c was 5.01(4.13, 5.18)%, FINS was 38.48(36.76, 41.72) pmol/L and VEGF was 302.45(283.14, 336.56) ng/L, TSH was 1.32(1.24, 1.47)mIU/L, Tei index was 0.48(0.39, 0.59), and there were 106 elderly parturiencies. The levels of FPG, HbA1c, FINS, VEGF, TSH and Tei index in the adverse pregnancy outcome group and the good pregnancy outcome group were higher than those in the control group, and the proportion of elderly parturients was higher than that in the control group, and the adverse pregnancy outcome group was higher than that in the good pregnancy outcome group. The differences were statistically significant (H=8.620, P<0.001, H=2.616, P=0.014, H=6.156, P<0.001, H=3.051, P<0.001, H=4.892, P=0.044, χ2=2.548, P=0.045). In the adverse pregnancy outcome group, Gal-13 was 15.27(8.35, 24.45)pg/ml, GLP-1 was 9.27(8.26, 12.35) pmol/L and FT4 was 11.59(9.67, 13.48) pmol/L. In the group with good pregnancy outcome, Gal-13 was 25.34(20.14, 29.73) pg/ml, GLP-1 was 12.38(10.25, 15.63) pmol/L and FT4 was 13.86(10.67, 15.10) pmol/L. In the control group, Gal-13 was 31.21(27.48, 34.45) pg/ml, GLP-1 was 11.34(10.40, 14.37) pmol/L and FT4 was 14.15(10.75, 15.43)pmol/L. The levels of Gal-13, GLP-1 and FT4 in the adverse pregnancy outcome group and the good pregnancy outcome group were significantly lower than those in the control group, and the adverse pregnancy outcome group was lower than that in the good pregnancy outcome group. The differences were statistically significant (H=6.458, P=0.011, H=8.445, P<0.001, H=5.694, P<0.001). The levels of Gal-13 and GLP-1 in normal blood glucose recovery group were higher than those in non-normal blood glucose recovery group, and the levels of VEGF were lower than those in non-normal blood glucose recovery group (P<0.05).In multivariate logistic regression analysis, Gal-13, GLP-1, VEGF, TSH, FT4 and Tei indexes were independent influencing factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes with GDM (P<0.05). ROC curve analysis showed that the AUC of Gal-13, GLP-1 and VEGF alone in predicting adverse pregnancy were 0.779, 0.761 and 0.615, respectively. The value of the combined diagnosis was the highest (AUC=0.912), the sensitivity was 90.1%, and the specificity was 80.0%. In conclusion, Gal-13, GLP-1 and VEGF may be independent influencing factors for adverse pregnancy outcomes in GDM patients, and the combined detection of the three may help to improve the auxiliary diagnostic efficacy for predicting adverse pregnancy outcomes.
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[Application of short-course radiotherapy with total neoadjuvant therapy in the treatment of middle and low rectal cancer]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2023; 103:271-277. [PMID: 36660788 DOI: 10.3760/cam.j.cn112137-20220514-01055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of short-course radiotherapy with total neoadjuvant therapy (SCRT-TNT) and neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) in patients with locally advanced middle and low rectal cancer. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was carried out. A of 126 patients with locally advanced middle and low rectal cancer who were treated in the Department of Gastrointestinal Cancer Surgery of Fujian Cancer Hospital from September 2016 to March 2020 were enrolled, including 73 males and 53 females, with a mean age of (56.5±9.8) (23-77) years. Based on neoadjuvant regimen (nCRT treatment was performed before December 2018 and SCRT-TNT treatment was carried out after January 2019), patients were divided into nCRT group (n=68) and SCRT-TNT group (n=58). There were no statistically significant differences in age, sex, distance from tumor to anal verge, Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status and clinical TNM stage between the two groups (all P>0.05). Patients in both groups received pelvic intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT). The radiotherapy dose of nCRT group was 50Gy/25 times/5 weeks. Patients in nCRT group received oral capecitabine chemotherapy during radiotherapy and underwent surgery 6-8 weeks after chemoradiation. However, patients in SCRT-TNT group received CapeOX regimen (oxaliplatin+capecitabine) for 2 cycles of induction chemotherapy, followed by short-course radiotherapy (25Gy/5 times/5 days), then underwent a radical surgery two weeks after completion of consolidation chemotherapy (4 cycles). The adverse reactions, perioperative safety and efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results: Both groups completed neoadjuvant therapy as planned. Patients in nCRT group and SCRT-TNT group had similar incidence of adverse reactions to radiotherapy and chemotherapy, however, there were no statistically significant differences in the incidence of surgical complications, operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative length of hospital stay (all P>0.05). A total of 119 patients underwent total mesenterectomy (TME), including 64 patients in the nCRT group and 55 patients in the SCRT-TNT group, all with R0 resection. The pathological complete response (pCR) rate was 10.9% (7/64) in the nCRT group and 25.5% (14/55) in the SCRT-TNT group, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (P=0.038). Two years after surgery, there was no statistically significant difference in local recurrence rate and overall survival rate between the two groups (both P>0.05). However, the clinical metastasis rate of SCRT-TNT group was significantly lower than that of nCRT group (20.3% vs 9.1%), with a statistically significant difference (P<0. 05). Conclusion: SCRT-TNT do not increase the adverse reactions of radio chemotherapy and perioperative risks in the treatment of locally advanced middle and low rectal cancer, and the tumor regression effect is good, which is worthy of clinical promotion.
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The Development and Evaluation of a Smartphone-Aided Diagnosis Application to Measure Tympanic Membrane Perforations. EAR, NOSE & THROAT JOURNAL 2022:1455613221123361. [PMID: 35993670 DOI: 10.1177/01455613221123361] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Chronic otitis media is a long-term infection of the middle ear. It is characterized by persistent discharge from the middle ear through a perforated tympanic membrane. It is one of the most common causes of preventable hearing loss, especially in developing countries. Precise estimation of the size of tympanic membrane perforation is essential for successful clinical management. In this study, we developed a smartphone-based application to calculate the ratio of the area of tympanic membrane perforation to the area of the tympanic membrane. Twelve standardized patients and 60 medical students were involved to assess the area of tympanic membrane perforation, in particular, the percentage of perforation size. METHODS In total, 60 student doctors (including year 5 and year 6 medical students, intern and post-graduate year training of doctors) were recruited during their rotation at the Otolaryngology department of Taipei Medical University Shuang-Ho Hospital. Twelve standardized patients with chronic otitis media were recruited through a single otology practice. Oto-endoscopic examination was performed for all patients by using a commercially-available digital oto-endoscope, and clinical images of the tympanic membrane perforation were obtained. To demonstrate the variability of perforation size estimation by different student doctors, we calculated the percentage of perforation using the smartphone-based application for 12 tympanic membranes objectively and compared the results with those visually estimated by the 60 student doctors subjectively. RESULTS The variance in the visual estimation by the 60 student doctors was large. By contrast, variances in smartphone-based application calculations were smaller, indicating consistency in the results obtained from different users. The smartphone-based application accurately estimated the presence of perforation for tympanic membranes with high consistency. The differences in visual estimations can be considerably great and the variances can be large among different individuals. CONCLUSIONS The smartphone-based application is a dependable tool for precisely evaluating the size of tympanic membrane perforation.
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Dataset for pathology reporting of ductal carcinoma in situ, variants of lobular carcinoma in situ and low grade lesions: recommendations from the International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting (ICCR). Histopathology 2022; 81:467-476. [DOI: 10.1111/his.14725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 07/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Validation of a Personalized Hearing Screening Mobile Health Application for Persons with Moderate Hearing Impairment. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11101035. [PMID: 34683176 PMCID: PMC8538050 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11101035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 10/11/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Hearing impairment is a frequent human sensory impairment. It was estimated that over 50% of those aged >75 years experience hearing impairment in the United States. Several hearing impairment–related factors are detectable through screening; thus, further deterioration can be avoided. Early identification of hearing impairment is the key to effective management. However, hearing screening resources are scarce or inaccessible, underlining the importance of developing user-friendly mobile health care systems for universal hearing screening. Mobile health (mHealth) applications (apps) act as platforms for personalized hearing screening to evaluate an individual’s risk of developing hearing impairment. We aimed to evaluate and compare the accuracy of smartphone-based air conduction and bone conduction audiometry self-tests with that of standard air conduction and bone conduction pure-tone audiometry tests. Moreover, we evaluated the use of smartphone-based air conduction and bone conduction audiometry self-tests in conductive hearing loss diagnosis. We recruited 103 patients (206 ears) from an otology clinic. All patients were aged ≥20 years. Patients who were diagnosed with active otorrhea was excluded. Moderate hearing impairment was defined as hearing loss with mean hearing thresholds >40 dB. All patients underwent four hearing tests performed by a board-certified audiologist: a smartphone-based air conduction audiometry self-test, smartphone-based bone conduction audiometry self-test, standard air-conduction pure-tone audiometry, and standard bone conduction pure-tone audiometry. We compared and analyzed the results of the smartphone-based air conduction and bone conduction audiometry self-tests with those of the standard air conduction and bone conduction pure-tone audiometry tests. The sensitivity of the smartphone-based air conduction audiometry self-test was 0.80 (95% confidence interval CI = 0.71–0.88) and its specificity was 0.84 (95% CI = 0.76–0.90), respectively. The sensitivity of the smartphone-based bone conduction audiometry self-test was 0.64 (95% CI = 0.53–0.75) and its specificity was 0.71 (95% CI = 0.62–0.78). Among all the ears, 24 were diagnosed with conductive hearing loss. The smartphone-based audiometry self-tests correctly diagnosed conductive hearing loss in 17 of those ears. The personalized smartphone-based audiometry self-tests correctly diagnosed hearing loss with high sensitivity and high specificity, and they can be a reliable screening test to rule out moderate hearing impairment among the population. It provided patients with moderate hearing impairment with personalized strategies for symptomatic control and facilitated individual case management for medical practitioners.
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Can Face- and Smartphone-Touching Behaviors Be Altered with Personal Hygiene Reminders during the COVID-19 Pandemic Period? An Observational Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph181910038. [PMID: 34639340 PMCID: PMC8507970 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph181910038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 09/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
As part of the new measures to prevent the spread of the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID-19), medical students were advised to wear a mask in class and avoid touching their faces. Few studies have analyzed the influence of health education on the frequency of face- and smartphone-touching behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic. This research compared the frequency of in-class face- and smartphone-touching behaviors of medical students before and after the delivery of personal hygiene education during the COVID-19 pandemic. A behavioral observational study was conducted involving medical students at Taipei Medical University. Eighty medical students were recruited during a lecture on otorhinolaryngology. All medical students were required to wear a mask. Their face- and smartphone-touching behavior was observed by viewing the 4 k resolution video tape recorded in class. The recording lasted for 2 h, comprising 1 h prior to the health educational reminder and 1 h afterwards. The frequencies of hand-to-face contact and hand-to-smartphone contact were analyzed before and after the delivery of health education emphasizing personal hygiene. Comprehensive health education and reminders effectively reduce the rate of face- and smartphone-touching behaviors.
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Mitochondrial DNA Heteroplasmy of Hair Shaft Using HID Ion GeneStudio TM S5 Sequencing System. FA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2021; 37:21-25. [PMID: 33780180 DOI: 10.12116/j.issn.1004-5619.2019.590905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Objective To study the heteroplasmy of the whole mitochondrial genome genotyping result of hair shaft samples using HID Ion GeneStudioTM S5 Sequencing System. Methods The buccal swabs and blood of 8 unrelated individuals, and hair shaft samples from different parts of the same individual were collected. Amplification of whole mitochondrial genome was performed using Precision ID mtDNA Whole Genome Panel. Analysis and detection of whole mitochondrial genome were carried out using the HID Ion GeneStudioTM S5 Sequencing System. Results The mitochondrial DNA sequences in temporal hair shaft samples from 2 individuals showed heteroplasmy, while whole mitochondrial genome genotyping results of buccal swabs, blood, and hair samples from the other 6 unrelated individuals were consistent. A total of 119 base variations were observed from the 8 unrelated individuals. The numbers of variable sites of the individuals were 29, 40, 38, 35, 13, 36, 40 and 35, respectively. Conclusion Sequence polymorphism can be fully understood using HID Ion GeneStudioTM S5 Sequencing system.
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Verification of Saliva Matrix Metalloproteinase-1 as a Strong Diagnostic Marker of Oral Cavity Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12082273. [PMID: 32823758 PMCID: PMC7463746 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12082273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/10/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) accounts for >90% of cases of oral cancer, including cancer at the lip and oral cavity and cancer at the oropharynx. Most OSCCs develop from oral potentially malignant disorders (OPMDs), which consist of heterogeneous lesions with different malignant transformation potentials that make early detection of OSCC a challenge. Using a targeted mass spectrometry-based assay to compare multiple candidate proteins, we previously identified matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) as one of the most promising salivary OSCC biomarkers. To explore the clinical utility of MMP-1 in OSCC detection, we developed an in-house, sensitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for measuring MMP-1 content, and tested it on saliva samples from 1160 subjects (313 healthy controls, and 578 OPMD and 269 OSCC patients) collected at two medical centers. Salivary MMP-1 levels measured by our in-house ELISA significantly discriminated OSCC patients from non-cancerous groups. A receiver operating characteristic curve analysis showed that MMP-1 was effective in separating non-cancer groups from patients with OSCCs at the oral cavity. Additionally, salivary MMP-1 levels in oral cavity cancer patients were highly correlated with tumor progression (tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and overall stage). Collectively, our results indicate that salivary MMP-1 is an effective biomarker for OSCC that can be sensitively detected using our newly developed ELISA. The newly developed MMP-1 ELISA may be used as a new adjunctive tool to aid in detecting and monitoring OSCC.
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Size-dependent magnetic properties of γ-Fe 2O 3 nanocrystallites. JOURNAL OF PHYSICS. CONDENSED MATTER : AN INSTITUTE OF PHYSICS JOURNAL 2020; 32:015302. [PMID: 31487694 DOI: 10.1088/1361-648x/ab41be] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A route for synthesizing monodisperse magnetic nanocrystallites of maghemite, [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3, with various sizes has been revisited. A systematic investigation of three [Formula: see text]-Fe2O3 nanocrystalline samples by different techniques has been performed to characterize their size-dependent magnetic properties. Zero-field-cooled and field-cooled magnetization measurements reveal that the superparamagnetic blocking temperatures are around 230 K, 170 K, and 50 K for the 15.0 nm, 11.8 nm, and 6.1 nm nanocrystallites, respectively. Low-temperature Mössbauer spectra show that all three nanocrystallites have the maghemite structure with all the vacancies in the B-sites. Furthermore, detailed analysis shows that there are more vacancies on the B-sites for the 6.1 nm nanocrystallites compared to 0.33 for the bulk maghemite.
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The use of steroid cream for physiologic phimosis in male infants with a history of UTI and normal renal ultrasound is associated with decreased risk of recurrent UTI. J Pediatr Urol 2019; 15:472.e1-472.e6. [PMID: 31345734 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpurol.2019.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND An uncircumcised male infant with a history of urinary tract infection (UTI), physiologic phimosis, and a normal renal ultrasound is a common patient referred to pediatric urology clinics. Topical steroid creams have been shown to effectively release physiologic phimosis. OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to test the hypothesis that use of steroid cream for physiologic phimosis is associated with a lower UTI recurrence in uncircumcised male infants with normal renal ultrasounds. STUDY DESIGN Uncircumcised males younger than 12 months referred for a UTI with a normal renal ultrasound were included. A longitudinal data set was created, and recurrent UTIs were identified. The proportion with a recurrent UTI was compared between those who received a prescription for a steroid cream for phimosis and those who did not. The morbidity of the initial and recurrent UTIs was also described. The association of recurrent UTI with vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) was also evaluated. RESULTS A total of 192 uncircumcised males with a median age of 5.8 months (interquartile range [IQR]: 3.5-7.9 months) were included. Twenty-seven patients were treated with a course of betamethasone valerate 0.1% cream, and 165 were not (Summary Table). There were no significant differences between groups in the frequency of voiding cystourethrogram (VCUG), diagnosis of VUR, or use of continuous prophylactic antibiotics (CAP). During a median follow-up of 8.7 months (IQR: 3.1-17.5 months), none of the patients treated with steroid cream had a recurrent UTI compared with 27 of 165 (16%) patients not treated (P = 0.02). Among the 173 patients whose initial UTI was febrile, recurrent febrile UTIs occurred in no treated patients and 23 of 150 (15%) untreated patients (P = 0.047). DISCUSSION The results of this study are consistent with those of a previous randomized trial of steroid cream for physiologic phimosis which found lower recurrent UTI in those whose foreskins became retractable. In addition, the results are consistent with the declining incidence of UTIs in uncircumcised males mirroring the natural history of physiologic phimosis resolving. This study is limited by its retrospective nature and non-standardized follow-up. CONCLUSION The use of steroid cream for physiologic phimosis is associated with a decreased risk of recurrent UTIs in uncircumcised male infants with a normal renal ultrasound. In this group, steroid cream for physiologic phimosis is a well-tolerated and simple alternative to circumcision to potentially decrease risk of recurrent UTI.
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[Three patients with large area burns complicated by acute acalculous cholecystitis]. ZHONGHUA SHAO SHANG ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA SHAOSHANG ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF BURNS 2019; 35:543-545. [PMID: 31357827 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1009-2587.2019.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
From April 2017 to April 2018, three male patients aged 46-71 years with large area burns were treated in our hospital. Acute acalculous cholecystitis (AAC) symptoms of the patients began to appear 15-81 days after injury. AAC was diagnosed 24-81 days after injury. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous transhepatic cholecystostomy was performed 26-82 days after injury. The symptoms subsided in 2 patients, and cholecystectomy was performed in 1 patient with gallbladder perforation 94 days after injury. The patients were cured and discharged 41-118 days after injury. No recurrence of cholecystitis occurred during 8-9 months of follow-up after discharge.
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[Relationship between 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels and idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo in female patients]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2018; 98:1223-1226. [PMID: 29747308 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2018.16.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To investigate the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D[25(OH) D] levels and idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo (BPPV) in female patients. Methods: A total of 67 women diagnosed with idiopathic BPPV were selected as the study group between January and December 2016 in Ningbo No.2 Hospital, and 95 healthy women without a history of vertigo or dizziness were selected as the control group. The data of height, weight, histories of hypertension and diabetes mellitus were collected, and serum 25(OH) D levels were measured. The number of the recurrence and canalith repositioning maneuvers were recorded during the one-year follow-up. Results: No significant differences of age, body mass index, histories of hypertension and diabetes mellitus between patients with BPPV and healthy controls (all P>0.05) .The serum 25 (OH) D levels were significantly lower in patients with idiopathic BPPV than in healthy controls [(50.56±13.36) nmol/L vs (56.55±16.21) nmol/L, t=-2.485, P=0.014]. BPPV patients with low level of 25(OH) D showed a significant increase in the number of canalith repositioning maneuvers required and the recurrence rate. The regression analyses demonstrated that 25(OH)D deficiency was associated with BPPV with an odds ratio of 2.054 (95% CI: 1.088-3.877, P=0.026). Conclusion: 25(OH) D deficiency may be a risk factor of BPPV.
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[Clinical value of entecavir in improving chronic hepatitis B with insulin resistance and hepatogenic diabetes]. ZHONGHUA GAN ZANG BING ZA ZHI = ZHONGHUA GANZANGBING ZAZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF HEPATOLOGY 2018; 26:618-620. [PMID: 30317795 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1007-3418.2018.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
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The single nucleotide polymorphism rs700518 is an independent risk factor for metabolic syndrome and benign prostatic hyperplasia (MetS-BPH). Andrology 2018; 6:568-578. [PMID: 29873201 PMCID: PMC6646917 DOI: 10.1111/andr.12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Revised: 04/01/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that 48.59% of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) is combined with metabolic syndrome (MetS). The mainstream view supports the correlation between MetS and BPH, but the pathogenesis of MetS‐BPH is not fully understood. Four hundred and seventy‐four men, aged 47 years or older, were recruited into this study by consecutive routine physical examination programs, and several parameters were obtained from each participant. Based on the diagnosis of BPH, MetS, and MetS‐BPH, the participants were divided into BPH and Non‐BPH groups, MetS and Non‐MetS groups, as well as MetS‐BPH and Non‐MetS‐BPH groups. The values of the obtained parameters were evaluated using Student's t‐test, chi‐square test, and logistic regression analysis. The value of estradiol (E2) was higher in the diseased groups (BPH, MetS, and MetS‐BPH groups) compared with the corresponding control groups (Non‐BPH, Non‐MetS, and Non‐MetS‐BPH groups), and the differences were statistically significant. Also, E2 had an independent association with BPH (OR = 2.286, 95% CI: 1.723–3.593, p < 0.001), MetS (OR = 1.406, 95% CI: 0.585–2.315, p < 0.001), and MetS‐BPH (OR = 1.249, 95% CI: 0.795–1.962, p < 0.001). Regarding SNPs of CYP19A1 gene, both the rs4646 genotypes (CC, CA, and AA) and the rs700518 genotypes (CC, CT, and TT) were present in every group, and all genotypes had statistically significant differences between the diseased and corresponding control groups. However, only the TT genotype of rs700518 was independently associated with BPH, MetS, and MetS‐BPH after adjusting for age. The TT genotype of rs700518 is an independent risk factor for the MetS‐BPH populations, and the CYP19A1 gene regulation of estrogen leads to MetS‐BPH.
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[Clinical significance of hypermethylation of DLC-1 gene in myelodysplastic syndrome patients and effects of decitabine on DLC-1 gene expression]. ZHONGHUA YI XUE ZA ZHI 2018; 97:412-417. [PMID: 28219126 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0376-2491.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
Objective: To detect the methylation status of DLC-1 gene in the patients with myelodysplastic syndrome(MDS), the effect of abnormal methylation of DLC-1 gene on the expression of DLC-1 gene, the clinical significance of methylation of DLC-1 gene in MDS patients, and the effect of decitabine on DLC-1 gene expression. Methods: A total of 43 MDS patients were treated in Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from 2013 to 2015. Methylation status of DLC-1 gene in MDS patients were detected by the methylation specific PCR(MSP). The expression of DLC-1 gene mRNA was determined with real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR(RTFQ-PCR). MDS patients were divided into 5 groups (very low-risk, low-risk, intermediate-risk, high-risk and very high-risk, n=0, 8, 7, 18, 10) according to WPSS classification. And the clinical significance of methylation of DLC-1 gene in patients with MDS were investigated. In order to investigate the change in gene methylation and expression of DLC-1 gene after treatment with decitabine, methylation statuses of DLC-1 gene in MDS patients before and after be treated with decitabine were detected by the bisulfite sequencing PCR(BSP). The expressions of DLC-1 gene mRNA of these patients were determined with RTFQ-PCR. Results: Hypermethylation of CpG island of DLC-1 gene was observed in 55.16%(22/43)MDS patients. The expressions of DLC-1 gene mRNA in methylation positive patients were significantly lower than that in methylation negative patients (0.32±0.06 vs 0.91±0.11)(P=0.008). For MDS patients, the DLC-1 methylation rate of intermediate-and high-risk patient was 21/35, which was significantly higher than that of low-risk patient(1/8, P=0.006). The methylation status of DLC-1 gene were monitored in 8 patients before and after treatment with the decitabine (decitabine 20 mg/m(2,) d1-d5/d28, more than 4 courses) , the methylation rate of DLC-1 gene dropped from 57.50%±5.11% to 14.13%±2.07% after treatment(P=0.010). The expression of DLC-1 gene increased after treatment with decitabine(0.67±0.08 vs 0.28±0.06, P=0.015). Conclusions: Methylation of DLC-1 gene is common in MDS patients and may be associated with poor prognosis. Decitabine may activate the expression of DLC-1 gene by demethylation, which may be one of the mechanisms for the treatment of patients with MDS.
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[Study on bone metabolism in postmenopausal women with idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo]. ZHONGHUA ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = CHINESE JOURNAL OF OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY HEAD AND NECK SURGERY 2018; 53:134-137. [PMID: 29429184 DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1673-0860.2018.02.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Objective: To analyze the bone mineral density and serum osteocalcin levels in postmenopausal women with idiopathic benign paroxysmal positional vertigo. Methods: A total of 64 postmenopausal women with idiopathic BPPV were selected as the study group, and 98 postmenopausal healthy women were selected as the control group. Bone mineral density and serum osteocalcin levels were analyzed and compared between the groups.χ(2) test was used for numeration data and t test was used for measurement data. Results: The prevalence of osteoporosis or osteopenia in BPPV group 67.2% (43/64) was significantly higher than that in the control group 51.0% (50/98) (χ(2)=4.139, P=0.042). Among BPPV subjects, there was a negative correlation between osteocalcin and bone density T (r=-0.469, P<0.001). Osteocalcin was found in normal bone mass subgroup (13.61±4.32)μg/L, decreased bone mass subgroup (17.49±7.61)μg/L, and osteoporosis subgroup (20.83±6.72)μg/L, respectively, and the difference was statistically significant (F=5.39, P=0.007). Conclusions: Bone mineral density in BPPV group is lower than that in control group. The lower the bone mineral density of the patients, the higher the osteocalcin in BPPV group.
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Historical epidemiology of hepatitis C virus in select countries-volume 4. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24 Suppl 2:8-24. [PMID: 29105285 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Due to the introduction of newer, more efficacious treatment options, there is a pressing need for policy makers and public health officials to develop or adapt national hepatitis C virus (HCV) control strategies to the changing epidemiological landscape. To do so, detailed, country-specific data are needed to characterize the burden of chronic HCV infection. In this study of 17 countries, a literature review of published and unpublished data on HCV prevalence, viraemia, genotype, age and gender distribution, liver transplants and diagnosis and treatment rates was conducted, and inputs were validated by expert consensus in each country. Viraemic prevalence in this study ranged from 0.2% in Hong Kong to 2.4% in Taiwan, while the largest viraemic populations were in Nigeria (2 597 000 cases) and Taiwan (569 000 cases). Diagnosis, treatment and liver transplant rates varied widely across the countries included in this analysis, as did the availability of reliable data. Addressing data gaps will be critical for the development of future strategies to manage and minimize the disease burden of hepatitis C.
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The present and future disease burden of hepatitis C virus infections with today's treatment paradigm: Volume 4. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24 Suppl 2:25-43. [PMID: 29105283 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Factors influencing the morbidity and mortality associated with viremic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection change over time and place, making it difficult to compare reported estimates. Models were developed for 17 countries (Bahrain, Bulgaria, Cameroon, Colombia, Croatia, Dominican Republic, Ethiopia, Ghana, Hong Kong, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Malaysia, Morocco, Nigeria, Qatar and Taiwan) to quantify and characterize the viremic population as well as forecast the changes in the infected population and the corresponding disease burden from 2015 to 2030. Model inputs were agreed upon through expert consensus, and a standardized methodology was followed to allow for comparison across countries. The viremic prevalence is expected to remain constant or decline in all but four countries (Ethiopia, Ghana, Jordan and Oman); however, HCV-related morbidity and mortality will increase in all countries except Qatar and Taiwan. In Qatar, the high-treatment rate will contribute to a reduction in total cases and HCV-related morbidity by 2030. In the remaining countries, however, the current treatment paradigm will be insufficient to achieve large reductions in HCV-related morbidity and mortality.
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Strategies to manage hepatitis C virus infection disease burden-Volume 4. J Viral Hepat 2017; 24 Suppl 2:44-63. [PMID: 29105286 DOI: 10.1111/jvh.12759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The hepatitis C virus (HCV) epidemic was forecasted through 2030 for 17 countries in Africa, Asia, Europe, Latin America and the Middle East, and interventions for achieving the Global Health Sector Strategy on viral hepatitis targets-"WHO Targets" (65% reduction in HCV-related deaths, 90% reduction in new infections and 90% of infections diagnosed by 2030) were considered. Scaling up treatment and diagnosis rates over time would be required to achieve these targets in all but one country, even with the introduction of high SVR therapies. The scenarios developed to achieve the WHO Targets in all countries studied assumed the implementation of national policies to prevent new infections and to diagnose current infections through screening.
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Abstract
The periodontal probe is the gold standard tool for periodontal examinations, including probing depth measurements, but is limited by systematic and random errors. Here, we used photoacoustic ultrasound for high-spatial resolution imaging of probing depths. Specific contrast from dental pockets was achieved with food-grade cuttlefish ink as a contrast medium. Here, 39 porcine teeth (12 teeth with artificially deeper pockets) were treated with the contrast agent, and the probing depths were measured with novel photoacoustic imaging and a Williams periodontal probe. There were statistically significant differences between the 2 measurement approaches for distal, lingual, and buccal sites but not mesial. Bland-Altman analysis revealed that all bias values were < ±0.25 mm, and the coefficients of variation for 5 replicates were <11%. The photoacoustic imaging approach also offered 0.01-mm precision and could cover the entire pocket, as opposed to the probe-based approach, which is limited to only a few sites. This report is the first to use photoacoustic imaging for probing depth measurements with potential implications to the dental field, including tools for automated dental examinations or noninvasive examinations.
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Dark Matter Search Results from the PICO-60 C_{3}F_{8} Bubble Chamber. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2017; 118:251301. [PMID: 28696731 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.251301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
New results are reported from the operation of the PICO-60 dark matter detector, a bubble chamber filled with 52 kg of C_{3}F_{8} located in the SNOLAB underground laboratory. As in previous PICO bubble chambers, PICO-60 C_{3}F_{8} exhibits excellent electron recoil and alpha decay rejection, and the observed multiple-scattering neutron rate indicates a single-scatter neutron background of less than one event per month. A blind analysis of an efficiency-corrected 1167-kg day exposure at a 3.3-keV thermodynamic threshold reveals no single-scattering nuclear recoil candidates, consistent with the predicted background. These results set the most stringent direct-detection constraint to date on the weakly interacting massive particle (WIMP)-proton spin-dependent cross section at 3.4×10^{-41} cm^{2} for a 30-GeV c^{-2} WIMP, more than 1 order of magnitude improvement from previous PICO results.
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[The correlation analysis of the cochlear hydrops degree found by MRI angiography with Meiniere's disease classification]. LIN CHUANG ER BI YAN HOU TOU JING WAI KE ZA ZHI = JOURNAL OF CLINICAL OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGY, HEAD, AND NECK SURGERY 2017; 31:623-626. [PMID: 29871329 DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.1001-1781.2017.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Objective:To investigate the correlation between the levels of cochlear hydrops with the clinic classification of Meniere's disease(MD).Method:3D-FlAIR MRI was performed 24 hours after intratympanic injection of 8-fold diluted Gadopentetate Dimeglumine in 31 patients with unilateral MD. We evaluated the levels of cochlear hydrops and further analyzed the correlation between the levels of cochlear hydrops and thresholds of pure tone audiometry and clinic classification of MD. Result:MRI image clearly distinguished perilymph from endolymph in the labyrinth. The images showed different levels of enhancement of perilymphatic fluid spaces. In the 31 patients, obvious signs of endolymphatic hydrops were found, including 4 cases of level 0, 6 cases of level 1, 11 cases of level 2 and 10 cases of level 3. Their average hearing threshold was(54.37±3.88)dB HL. The levels of cochlear hydrops were significantly correlated with pure tone audiometry thresholds (r=0.636,P<0.01) and MD classification(r=0.516,P<0.01). None of the patients after intratympanic injection complained about discomfort or happened with any complications such as eardrum perforation, infection, and so on. Conclusion:The degree of endolymphatic hydrops based on MRI in MD patient has significant correlation with the pure tone audiometry and classification of disease. The examination can act as an objective index for MD diagnosis.
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Yi-Chi-Tsung-Ming-Tang Reduced A?(1-40)-induced Neurotoxicity via of Acetylcholine and NMDA Receptors Expression, ROS Generation and Tau Phosphorylation. Indian J Pharm Sci 2017. [DOI: 10.4172/pharmaceutical-sciences.1000244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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MICA/B genotyping of Tujias from Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, China. Hum Immunol 2016; 77:340-1. [PMID: 26826451 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2016.01.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2015] [Revised: 01/19/2016] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
One hundred eighty-seven Tujia individuals from Zhangjiajie, Hunan Province, China were genotyped at the MICA and MICB loci using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific priming and sequencing-based typing methods. MICA and MCB genotypes are consistent with expected HW proportions. These genotype data are available in the Allele Frequencies Net Database.
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Abstract
Worldwide, some 240 million people have chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV), with the highest rates of infection in Africa and Asia. Our understanding of the natural history of HBV infection and the potential for therapy of the resultant disease is continuously improving. New data have become available since the previous APASL guidelines for management of HBV infection were published in 2012. The objective of this manuscript is to update the recommendations for the optimal management of chronic HBV infection. The 2015 guidelines were developed by a panel of Asian experts chosen by the APASL. The clinical practice guidelines are based on evidence from existing publications or, if evidence was unavailable, on the experts' personal experience and opinion after deliberations. Manuscripts and abstracts of important meetings published through January 2015 have been evaluated. This guideline covers the full spectrum of care of patients infected with hepatitis B, including new terminology, natural history, screening, vaccination, counseling, diagnosis, assessment of the stage of liver disease, the indications, timing, choice and duration of single or combination of antiviral drugs, screening for HCC, management in special situations like childhood, pregnancy, coinfections, renal impairment and pre- and post-liver transplant, and policy guidelines. However, areas of uncertainty still exist, and clinicians, patients, and public health authorities must therefore continue to make choices on the basis of the evolving evidence. The final clinical practice guidelines and recommendations are presented here, along with the relevant background information.
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Development of EST-SSR markers related to disease resistance and their application in genetic diversity and evolution analysis in Gossypium. GENETICS AND MOLECULAR RESEARCH 2015; 14:10630-44. [PMID: 26400294 DOI: 10.4238/2015.september.9.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Cotton (Gossypium spp) is one of the most economically important crops that provide the world's most widely used natural fiber. Diseases such as Fusarium wilt and particularly Verticillium wilt seriously affect cotton production, and thus breeding for disease resistance is one of the most important goals of cotton breeding programs. Currently, potential exists to improve disease resistance in cultivated cotton. Increasing the understanding of the distribution, structure, and organization of genes or quantitative trait loci for disease resistance will help the breeders improve crop yield even in the event of disease. To facilitate the mapping of disease-resistance quantitative trait loci to achieve disease-resistant molecular breeding in cotton, it is necessary to develop polymorphic molecular markers. The objective of this study was to develop simple sequence repeat markers based on cotton expressed sequence tags for disease resistance. The efficacy of these simple sequence repeat markers, their polymorphisms, and cross-species transferability were evaluated. Their value was further investigated based on genetic diversity and evolution analysis. In this study, the unique sequences used to develop markers were compared with the G. arboretum and G. raimondii genome sequences to investigate their position, homology, and collinearity between G. arboretum and G. raimondii.
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MIC gene polymorphism and haplotype diversity in Zhuang nationality of Southern China. Hum Immunol 2014; 75:953-9. [PMID: 25167773 DOI: 10.1016/j.humimm.2014.08.203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2014] [Revised: 08/18/2014] [Accepted: 08/18/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Zhuang ethnic minority is the largest minority group in China. Here, we report for the first time the polymorphisms of MICA and MICB in a healthy Zhuang population of 209 unrelated individuals. Using polymerase chain reaction-sequence specific priming (PCR-SSP) and sequencing-based typing (PCR-SBT), 13 MICA-sequence alleles and 5 MICA-STR alleles, as well as 11 MICB alleles were detected, among which MICA(∗)010, MICA(∗)A5 and MICB(∗)005:02 were the most frequent alleles. Linkage disequilibria was investigated and the most common two-locus haplotypes were MICB(∗)005:02-MICA(∗)010 and MICB(∗)014-MICA(∗)045. These results suggest informative genetic markers for investigating origins and evolution of MHC class I region haplotypes in Zhuang population.
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First Report of Anthracnose Disease on Young Stems of Bawanghua (Hylocereus undatus) Caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides in China. PLANT DISEASE 2014; 98:991. [PMID: 30708879 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-06-13-0609-pdn] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Hylocereus undatus widely grows in southern China. Some varieties are planted for their fruits, known as dragon fruits or Pitaya, while some varieties for their flowers known as Bawanghua. Fresh or dried flowers of Bawanghua are used as routine Chinese medicinal food. Since 2008, a serious anthracnose disease has led to great losses on Bawanghua flower production farms in the Baiyun district of Guangzhou city in China. Anthracnose symptoms on young stems of Bawanghua are reddish-brown, sunken lesions with pink masses of spores in the center. The lesions expand rapidly in the field or in storage, and may coalesce in the warm and wet environment in spring and summer in Guangzhou. Fewer flowers develop on infected stems than on healthy ones. The fungus overwinters in infected debris in the soil. The disease caused a loss of up to 50% on Bawanghua. Putative pathogenic fungi with whitish-orange colonies were isolated from a small piece of tissue (3 × 3 mm) cut from a lesion margin and cultured on potato dextrose agar in a growth chamber at 25°C, 80% RH. Dark colonies with acervuli bearing pinkish conidial masses formed 14 days later. Single celled conidia were 11 to 18 × 4 to 6 μm. Based on these morphological characteristics, the fungi were identified as Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc (2). To confirm this, DNA was extracted from isolate BWH1 and multilocus analyses were completed with DNA sequence data generated from partial ITS region of nrDNA, actin (ACT) and glutamine synthetase (GS) nucleotide sequences by PCR, with C. gloeosporioides specific primers as ITS4 (5'-TCCTCCGCTTATTGATATGC-3') / CgInt (5'-GGCCTCCCGCCTCCGGGCGG-3'), GS-F (5'-ATGGCCGAGTACATCTGG-3') / GS-R (5'-GAACCGTCGAAGTTCCAC-3') and actin-R (5'-ATGTGCAAGGCCGGTTTCGC-3') / actin-F (5'-TACGAGTCCTTCTGGCCCAT-3'). The sequence alignment results indicated that the obtained partial ITS sequence of 468 bp (GenBank Accession No. KF051997), actin sequence of 282 bp (KF712382), and GS sequence of 1,021 bp (KF719176) are 99%, 96%, and 95% identical to JQ676185.1 for partial ITS, FJ907430 for ACT, and FJ972589 for GS of C. gloeosporioides previously deposited, respectively. For testing its pathogenicity, 20 μl of conidia suspension (1 × 106 conidia/ml) using sterile distilled water (SDW) was inoculated into artificial wounds on six healthy young stems of Bawanghua using sterile fine-syringe needle. Meanwhile, 20 μl of SDW was inoculated on six healthy stems as a control. The inoculated stems were kept at 25°C, about 90% relative humidity. Three independent experiments were carried out. Reddish-brown lesions formed after 10 days, on 100% stems (18 in total) inoculated by C. gloeosporioides, while no lesion formed on any control. The pathogen was successfully re-isolated from the inoculated stem lesions on Bawanghua. Thus, Koch's postulates were fulfilled. Colletotrichum anthracnose has been reported on Pitaya in Japan (3), Malaysia (1) and in Brazil (4). To our knowledge, this is the first report of anthracnose disease caused by C. gloeosporioides on young stems of Bawanghua (H. undatus) in China. References: (1) M. Masyahit et al. Am. J. Appl. Sci. 6:902, 2009. (2) B. C. Sutton. Page 402 in: Colletotrichum Biology, Pathology and Control. J. A. Bailey and M. J. Jeger, eds. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 1992. (3) S. Taba et al. Jpn. J. Phytopathol. 72:25, 2006. (4) L. M. Takahashi et al. Australas. Plant Dis. Notes 3:96, 2008.
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Sulphasalazine-Induced Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in a Patient with Ankylosing Spondylitis. Clin Rheumatol 2014; 21:339-40. [PMID: 12296286 DOI: 10.1007/s100670200089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Predictive risk factors for fracture at catheter of totally implantable venous access devices via subclavian vein insertion. JOURNAL OF MEDICAL SCIENCES 2014. [DOI: 10.4103/1011-4564.139186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Expression of cytochrome P450 1A1/2 and 3A4 in liver tissues of hepatocellular carcinoma cases and controls from Taiwan and their relationship to hepatitis B virus and aflatoxin B1-and 4-aminobiphenyl-DNA adducts. Biomarkers 2013; 5:295-306. [PMID: 23885982 DOI: 10.1080/135475000413845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Cytochrome P450 enzymes play a major role in the metabolism of several of the chemical carcinogens involved in the development of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). To investigate by immunohistochemistry interindividual differences in these enzymes, polyclonal antisera and immunoperoxidase staining were used to detect the expression of CYP1A1/2 and 3A4 in 37 surgical control tissues and 105 tumour and adjacent nontumour tissues of HCC cases from Taiwan. There was variability in the expression and staining pattern for both CYP1A1/2 and 3A4 in all tissue types. In tissues from controls, there was no correlation between P450 expression and smoking history or hepatitis B virus antigen status. Since these samples had been previously analysed for the DNA adducts of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), a dietary mould contaminant, and 4-aminobiphenyl (4-ABP), a component of cigarette smoke, we also investigated the relationship between P450 levels and DNA adducts. 4-ABP-DNA adducts were higher in tissues with elevated levels of CYP1A1/2 (p = 0.02). Overall there was no relationship between CYP1A1/2 or CYP3A4 and AFB1-DNA adducts in control tissues. Staining intensity for CYP1A1/2 and 3A4 followed the order: tumour tissues < control tissues < adjacent non-tumour tissues. CYP1A1/2 levels tended to be lower in tumour and adjacent non-tumour tissues than for CYP3A4. In HCC cases, 4-ABP-DNA adducts were higher in subjects with higher levels of CYP1A1/2, stratified by tissue type, but these differences were not significant. For CYP3A4, in contrast to control tissues, there was a significant association with AFB1-DNA adducts in tumour and adjacent non-tumour tissue of HCC cases. These results suggest that one factor influencing carcinogen-DNA adducts is levels of specific P450 enzymes. However, adduct formation in vivo is a complex processes dependent upon numerous genetic and environmental factors.
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A comparative study of loratadine syrup and cyproheptadine HCL solution for treating perennial allergic rhinitis in Taiwanese children aged 2-12 years. Int J Immunopathol Pharmacol 2012; 25:231-7. [PMID: 22507335 DOI: 10.1177/039463201202500125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
We assessed the efficacy of loratadine syrup compared with cyproheptadine HCl solution for treating children aged from 2 to 12 years with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) in Taiwan. Sixty children with mite-induced PAR were enrolled and randomly placed into two treatment groups: loratadine syrup or cyproheptadine HCl solution. Treatment efficacy and symptom changes from baseline to post-treatment were evaluated by total symptom scores and visual analogue scales (VAS) during a 2-week period. There were no differences in age, gender, height, or weight between the two groups. After 2 weeks of treatment, there was a significantly greater reduction in symptom scores in the loratadine group than in the cyproheptadine group (p<0.001). Clinical and subjective VAS showed significant differences in percentage changes from baseline between the loratadine and cyproheptadine groups at all time points (all p<0.001, in favor of loratadine). Clinical VAS change at week 1: 95.1 vs 11.3; subjective VAS change at week 1: 88.6 vs 13.6; clinical VAS change at week 2: 125.5 vs 18.3; subjective VAS change at week 2: 101.4 vs 7.1. Thus, loratadine was superior to cyproheptadine for alleviating both nasal and non-nasal symptoms of perennial allergic rhinitis in Taiwanese children aged 2-12 years.
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Regulation of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan and reactive gliosis after spinal cord transection: effects of peripheral nerve graft and fibroblast growth factor 1. Neuropathol Appl Neurobiol 2012; 37:585-99. [PMID: 21486314 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2990.2011.01182.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIMS The combined treatment of peripheral nerve (PN) graft and fibroblast growth factor (FGF)-1 for spinal cord injury produces functional recovery, but how it affects injury events is still unknown. This project studied the effect of PN graft and FGF-1 on white matter degeneration following spinal cord injury. METHODS Rats were divided into four groups: (i) complete spinal cord transection and T8 segment removed; the remaining three groups underwent transection followed by (ii) PN grafting; (iii) supply of exogenous FGF-1; and (iv) PN grafting plus FGF-1 treatment. Chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan (CSPG) deposition, astrocytes and macrophage activation, cavity size, and calcitonin gene-related peptide and synaptophysin immunoreactivity were compared. RESULTS Peripheral nerve grafting increased CSPG levels compared to transection surgery alone. This CSPG was associated with the proximity to the PN graft. FGF-1 reduced CSPG deposition in grafted animals regardless of the proximity to the graft. The CSPG reduction was accompanied by reduced GFAP expression and macrophage activation. The amount of CSPG with dissociated glycosaminoglycan did not differ between groups. FGF-1 in Schwann cell-astrocyte coculture did not reduce CSPG deposition. Furthermore, the PN graft increased the calcitonin gene-related peptide immunoreactivity and altered the distribution of synaptophysin-positive axons. CONCLUSION Peripheral nerve graft supported sensory re-innervation and partial protection of the grey matter, but up-regulated CSPG in the graft-stump junction compared to non-grafted rats. The reduction of CSPG was caused by FGF-1-PN synergy, and did not involve dissociation of CSPG or the suppression of a general immune response.
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Correlates of anti-EBV EBNA1 IgA positivity among unaffected relatives from nasopharyngeal carcinoma multiplex families. Br J Cancer 2012; 106:206-9. [PMID: 22095229 PMCID: PMC3251852 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2011.502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: To determine whether non-viral nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) risk factors might be associated with (and mediated through) Epstein–Barr virus (EBV) serological responses linked to NPC risk, we evaluated predictors of risk of anti-EBNA1 IgA seropositivity and other markers among unaffected relatives from a large NPC family study in Taiwan. Methods: Multivariate logistic regression conditioned on family was used to examine the associations between sociodemographic, dietary, lifestyle, and occupational variables and risk of anti-EBV EBNA1 IgA positivity, anti-VCA IgA, and anti-DNase positivity. Results: Among 2393 unaffected relatives from 319 multiplex families, 1180 (49.3%) were anti-EBV EBNA1 IgA seropositive. None of the associations with anti-EBNA1 IgA were statistically significant, except for being 31–50 years of age (vs <30, adjusted ORs 0.51–0.57). For one or more EBV serological markers, there were suggestive associations for older age, GuangDong firm salted fish, betel use, current alcohol use, and male gender. Conclusion: Overall, we found little evidence to suggest that non-viral NPC risk factors significantly alter EBV serological patterns, suggesting that non-viral NPC risk factors act through pathways independent of EBV serological responses.
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Body mass, tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking and risk of cancer of the small intestine--a pooled analysis of over 500,000 subjects in the Asia Cohort Consortium. Ann Oncol 2011; 23:1894-8. [PMID: 22147734 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdr562] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The evidence for a role of tobacco smoking, alcohol drinking, and body mass index (BMI) in the etiology of small intestine cancer is based mainly on case-control studies from Europe and United States. SUBJECTS AND METHODS We harmonized the data across 12 cohort studies from mainland China, Japan, Korea, Singapore, and Taiwan, comprising over 500,000 subjects followed for an average of 10.6 years. We calculated hazard ratios (HRs) for BMI and (only among men) tobacco smoking and alcohol drinking. RESULTS A total of 134 incident cases were observed (49 adenocarcinoma, 11 carcinoid, 46 other histologic types, and 28 of unknown histology). There was a statistically non-significant trend toward increased HR in subjects with high BMI [HR for BMI>27.5 kg/m2, compared with 22.6-25.0, 1.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.76-2.96]. No association was suggested for tobacco smoking; men drinking>400 g of ethanol per week had an HR of 1.57 (95% CI 0.66-3.70), compared with abstainers. CONCLUSIONS Our study supports the hypothesis that elevated BMI may be a risk factor for small intestine cancer. An etiologic role of alcohol drinking was suggested. Our results reinforce the existing evidence that the epidemiology of small intestine cancer resembles that of colorectal cancer.
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Concomitant laparoscopic peritoneal dialysis catheter placement and total extraperitoneal hernioplasty: a case report. Perit Dial Int 2010; 30:580-1. [PMID: 20829557 DOI: 10.3747/pdi.2010.00051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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The evaluation of whitening efficacy of cosmetic products using a human skin pigmentation spot model. Skin Res Technol 2009; 15:218-23. [PMID: 19622131 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0846.2009.00358.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND To establish a pigmentation spot model on human skin and to assess whitening efficacy for whitening products by this established pigmentation spot model. METHODS Twenty subjects between 20 and 45 years old with skin phototype III or IV were selected. Three consecutive daily UV exposures were performed on buttocks of the subjects as follows: Day 1=1 minimal erythema dose (MED), Day 2=0.5 MED and Day 3=0.5 MED. After the first UV exposure, a selected whitening product was applied to the subjects twice a day on UV exposure area. The application of the whitening product to subjects on the exposed areas was continued till Day 27. CM2500d chromameter, Maxmeter MX18 and visual evaluation were used to assess changes of skin color. RESULTS A pigmentation spot model after UV exposure was established. The measurement of the pigment spot showed that L* value declined abruptly at Day 3 and then slowly reached to a lowest point at Day 6. L* value of the pigment spot almost remained at the same level until Day 20, thereafter increased slowly. The a* value showed an abrupt increase at Day 3 and slowly reached to a maximal level at Day 6. The a* value slowly declined toward its baseline level. Likewise, the erythema index also increased significantly at Day 3, and reached to a maximal level at Day 6 and then slowly declined. However, L*, a* and erythema indices did not return to their baseline levels during the 27-day period of this study. On the other hand, b* value started to increase from Day 3 and such increase was observed continuously to Day 27. Melanin index also showed a slow increase during the first 3 days. It started to increase rapidly from Day 3 and a to maximal level at Day 9 and maintain at a plateau till Day 27 (with an exception at Day 13). To assess the whitening product by this pigmentation spot model, DeltaL, Deltab*, and DeltaM values were analyzed. It showed that absolute DeltaL value and Deltab*value of whitening products were lower than those values of the vehicle of the whitening product at each checkpoint, while DeltaM value of the whitening product was lower only at Day 9 and Day 20, although no statistically significant differences was found. The visual results also strongly supported that the whitening product enhanced the decrease of pigmentation. CONCLUSION This study showed that repeated UV exposure was able to induce a long extensive period of pigment formation. The resulted pigmentation spot was able to maintain at an elevated level till Day 20. Clinical subjective evaluations together with combined objective instrument measurements were still important to assess whitening and spot-removing ability of a material due to the instrument limitation for color differentiations. This kind of pigmentation spot model can be used to assess whitening efficacy for whitening or spot-removing products. In addition, the combinations of subjective and objective methods were able to serve as advisable references to assess the whitening efficacy of products.
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An Impairment of Renal Tubular DA-1 Receptor Function as the Causative Factor For Diminished Natriuresis to Volume Expansion in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 14:615-28. [PMID: 1352742 DOI: 10.3109/10641969209036211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
It has been demonstrated that endogenous kidney dopamine (DA) contributes to the natriuretic response to acute volume expansion (VE). Several studies suggest that a defect in renal DA-ergic mechanism may play a role in genetic hypertension in humans and rats. The present study was designed to determine the role of renal DA and tubular DA-1 receptors in the natriuretic response to VE in age-matched spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats of 10-12 weeks of age. In pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, VE was carried out by intravenously infusing isotonic sodium chloride (5% body weight) over a period of 60 min. This maneuver evoked pronounced increases in urine output, urinary sodium excretion and urinary DA excretion. However, the natriuretic and diuretic response to VE was significantly reduced in SHR, although the increase in urinary DA excretion was similar in both SHR and WKY rats. During VE no significant changes in glomerular filtration rate or blood pressure were noted in either strain of animals, indicating the involvement of renal tubular mechanisms in the natriuretic response. In a separate group of SHR and WKY rats, pretreatment with DA-1 receptor antagonist SCH 23390 caused significant attenuation of the natriuretic and diuretic response to VE in WKY rats but not in SHR, suggesting that unlike WKY rats kidney DA was not contributing to the natriuretic response to VE in SHR. In another group of animals, the renal effects of exogenously administered DA-1 receptor agonist fenoldopam were examined. Fenoldopam (1 microgram/kg/min) produced significant increases in urine output and urinary sodium excretion without causing any alterations in blood pressure or glomerular filtration rate in both SHR and WKY rats. However, the interesting observation was that fenoldopam-induced diuresis and natriuresis were significantly attenuated in SHR compared to the WKY rats. These results show that SHR are not able to eliminate an acute increase in sodium load as efficiently as WKY rats, which may be at least in part due to a defect in renal tubular DA-1 receptor function.
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MESH Headings
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/analogs & derivatives
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzazepines/pharmacology
- Diuresis/physiology
- Dopamine/physiology
- Dopamine Agents/pharmacology
- Fenoldopam
- Hypertension/physiopathology
- Kidney Tubules/drug effects
- Kidney Tubules/physiopathology
- Male
- Natriuresis/physiology
- Rats
- Rats, Inbred SHR
- Rats, Inbred WKY
- Receptors, Dopamine/drug effects
- Receptors, Dopamine/physiology
- Receptors, Dopamine D1
- Sodium Chloride/administration & dosage
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Fostering the determinants of knowledge sharing in professional virtual communities. COMPUTERS IN HUMAN BEHAVIOR 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chb.2009.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 279] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Quantification of Fusarium graminearum in harvested grain by real-time polymerase chain reaction to assess efficacies of fungicides on fusarium head blight, deoxynivalenol contamination, and yield of winter wheat. PHYTOPATHOLOGY 2009; 99:95-100. [PMID: 19055440 DOI: 10.1094/phyto-99-1-0095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We used a real time polymerase chain reaction-based assay and visual disease assessment to evaluate the efficacies of Js399-19, tebuconazole, a mixture of tebuconazole and thiram, azoxystrobin, carbendazim, and thiram on the development of Fusarium head blight (FHB) and deoxynivalenol (DON) contamination and on the yield of winter wheat (cv. Nannong no. 9918) after artificial inoculation under field conditions with Fusarium graminearum. The incidence of infected spikelets (IIS), amount of F. graminearum DNA (Tri5 DNA), total DON (containing DON, 3-acetyl-deoxynivalenol, and 15-acetyl-deoxynivalenol) concentration, and 1,000-grain weight (TGW) were quantified in 2006 and 2007. A strong positive correlation was found between IIS or Log10Tri5 DNA and total DON concentration in the harvested grain. The Js399-19, tebuconazole, and the mixture of tebuconazole and thiram significantly reduced IIS of FHB, amount of Tri5 DNA, and total DON within the grain and increased TGW. Although azoxystrobin, carbendazim, and thiram can increase TGW, they had no effect on the occurrence of F. graminearum compared with those of the untreated controls. Surprisingly, azoxystrobin and carbendazim significantly increased the total DON content in the harvested grain because they might have stimulated the amount of total DON production per Tri5 DNA. The fungicides Js399-19, tebuconazole, and the mixture of tebuconazole and thiram were the most effective in controlling FHB and reducing DON contamination of the wheat.
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Computed tomographic diagnosis of midgut volvulus in an adult. Acta Clin Belg 2009; 64:68-9. [PMID: 19317245 DOI: 10.1179/acb.2009.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to tailor a future Human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine campaign and to help perform early primary prevention of HPV infection in Taiwan, where the incidence of cervical cancer is high. A cross-sectional survey was conducted of 826 female students, ages 10, 13, 16 and 19-22 years. A self-administered questionnaire was used to collect information on risk factors for HPV infection. Serum samples were tested for antibodies to HPV 16 capsids using a virus-like particle-based enzyme-linked immunosorbence assay. The age-adjusted odds ratio of HPV seropositivity was calculated for each risk factor by multiple logistic regression analysis. HPV 16 antibodies were detected in 13 (1.6%) of 826 participants. The HPV 16 seroprevalence was 0.35% (1/287), 0.85% (2/235), 3.2% (6/185) and 3.4% (4/119), respectively, for age groups of 10, 13, 16 and 19-22 years. In the multiple regression analysis, the history of having sexual activity was the most significant risk predictor for HPV 16 seropositivity. The seroprevalence of HPV 16 increased dramatically among high school seniors and university students, and was significantly associated with sexual activity. Vaccination against HPV is suggested to be undertaken in early adolescence, before 16 years of age and prior to sexual debut.
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An optoelectronic measurement system for measuring 6-degree-of-freedom motion error of rotary parts. OPTICS EXPRESS 2007; 15:14601-14617. [PMID: 19550740 DOI: 10.1364/oe.15.014601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents an optoelectronic measurement system for measuring 6 degree-of-freedom (DOF) motion error of rotary parts. It comprises a pyramid-polygon-mirror, three laser diodes and three 2-axis position sensing detectors (PSD). The laser/PSD pairs are arranged evenly around the pyramid-polygon-mirror, which is mounted rigidly on and aligned axially with the rotary part to be measured. Laser rays from the laser diodes are reflected off the respective mirrors to the respective PSDs. The incidence point of the laser ray on the PSD's surface varies with the pose of the pyramid-polygon-mirror, allowing the PSD to register variation in the mirror and, thereby, the rotary part. With appropriate orientation of the lasers and PSDs, this system can measure variation (error) during rotation of a rotary part. By use of skew-ray tracing and first order Taylor series expansion, the system achieves measurement of translational and rotational motion errors for each Cartesian axis. To validate the proposed methodology, a laboratory prototype system is built. System verification and stability tests are conducted to evaluate its performance. Stability test results show that measurement errors and maximum crosstalk are within +/-1 mum in translation and +/-1.5 arc sec in rotation.
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Computer-aided diagnosis system for acute stroke using diffusion weighted images with volume calculation. CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS : ... ANNUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF THE IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. IEEE ENGINEERING IN MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY SOCIETY. ANNUAL CONFERENCE 2007; 2004:1529-32. [PMID: 17271988 DOI: 10.1109/iembs.2004.1403468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
The diffusion weighted image (DWI) technique is routinely used for diagnosis and treatment of early stroke due to its superior performance, especially when it is compared with conventional magnetic resonance image (MRI) for detection of acute ischemic stroke. Using DWI examination, This work has proposed a computer-aided diagnosis system, which can effectively calculate the volume size of a lesion and provide clinical doctor the 3D reconstruction data of the lesion. The potential benefits of using our system include the higher accuracy of acute stroke lesion definition, the reduced time and procedure of calculating the volume of a lesion, and providing 3D reconstruction image of stroke patients, which can effectively assist doctors in making more accurate diagnoses and treating patients in a more convenient way. Compared with the traditional method, the experimental results have shown the superior performance of this proposed system.
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Association of tri-nucleotide (CAG and GGC) repeat polymorphism of androgen receptor gene in Taiwanese women with refractory or remission rheumatoid arthritis. Clin Rheumatol 2007; 26:2051. [PMID: 17431729 DOI: 10.1007/s10067-007-0616-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2006] [Revised: 03/16/2007] [Accepted: 03/19/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the relationship between CAG and GGC repeat polymorphism of the androgen receptor (AR) gene and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in female patients with different disease subtypes. This case-control study enrolled 215 women in three groups: RA patients refractory to standardized therapy (n = 51); RA patients at complete remission phase (n = 60); and healthy controls (n = 104). CAG and GGC repeat lengths were determined by automated fluorescence-based DNA fragment-sizing method. Demographic data, allele lengths, allele distribution, and zygosity status of CAG/GGC repeats were assessed for the three groups. Refractory RA patients tend to have a significantly younger onset age of RA and more elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rates than do remission RA patients. Mean and median values of CAG and GGC repeat lengths are similar in both RA and control patients. However, RA patients harboring any long CAG alleles with more than 23 repeats had an increased risk of a refractory course, whereas differences in risk were not observed between these patients and RA subtypes harboring any long GGC alleles with more than 16 repeats. In addition, the homozygous frequency of CAG but not GGC alleles was lower in refractory RA than in remission RA patients or in controls (p = 0.042). Neither CAG nor GGC repeat lengths had a significant relationship with rheumatoid factor reactivity. Our observations indicate that short CAG repeats of the AR gene with higher transactivation activity may have protective effects against refractory course of RA development and that homozygous frequency of CAG alleles may be involved in the disease remission subtype. In contrast, lack of association of GGC polymorphism and RA was also observed. Together, these data imply that CAG but not GGC alleles in the AR polymorphism may play an important role in modulating the disease pattern of RA among Taiwanese women.
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Comparison of clinical staging systems in predicting survival of hepatocellular carcinoma patients receiving major or minor hepatectomy. Eur J Surg Oncol 2006; 33:480-7. [PMID: 17129701 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejso.2006.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2006] [Accepted: 10/09/2006] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To compare the utility of seven commonly used staging systems in the prediction of survival among patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) undergoing major or minor hepatectomy. METHODS All patients were classified by the Okuda, the TNM, the CLIP, the BCLC, the CUPI, the JIS and the MELD classifications to estimate the probabilities of survival. Survival curves were calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and were examined using log-rank testing. The overall predictive power for patient survival with each staging system was evaluated using linear trend chi(2) tests and from the area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. RESULTS In our patient cohort, the log-rank test and the linear trend chi(2) test of the CLIP and JIS systems gave better results than did the other staging systems. The discriminatory ability of the CLIP and JIS staging for death, evaluated by ROC curve areas, was also better. In the subgroups of major hepatectomy patients with a non-cirrhotic liver or minor hepatectomy patients with a cirrhotic liver, the CLIP and JIS systems showed similar better performances in these three tests. The discriminatory ability of the CLIP system was the best in major hepatectomy patients with a non-cirrhotic liver while JIS score discriminated best in minor hepatectomy patients with a cirrhotic liver. CONCLUSION Among the seven staging systems, the CLIP and JIS systems perform better than do the others. While the CLIP system should be considered to stage major hepatectomy patients, the JIS system could be chosen to stage minor hepatectomy patients.
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