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Shree D, Patra CN, Sahoo BM. Applications of Nanotechnology-mediated Herbal Nanosystems for Ophthalmic Drug. Pharm Nanotechnol 2024; 12:229-250. [PMID: 37587812 DOI: 10.2174/2211738511666230816090046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 06/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, herbal nanomedicines have gained tremendous popularity for novel drug discovery. Nanotechnology has provided several advances in the healthcare sector, emerging several novel nanocarriers that potentiate the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of the herbal drug. The recent advances in nanotechnology with accelerated strategies of ophthalmic nanosystems have paved a new path for overcoming the limitations associated with ocular drug delivery systems, such as low bioavailability, poor absorption, stability, and precorneal drug loss. Ophthalmic drug delivery is challenging due to anatomical and physiological barriers. Due to the presence of these barriers, the herbal drug entry into the eyes can be affected when administered by following multiple routes, i.e., topical, injectables, or systemic. However, the advancement of nanotechnology with intelligent systems enables the herbal active constituent to successfully entrap within the system, which is usually difficult to reach employing conventional herbal formulations. Herbal-loaded nanocarrier drug delivery systems demonstrated enhanced herbal drug permeation and prolonged herbal drug delivery. In this current manuscript, an extensive search is conducted for original research papers using databases Viz., PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Web of Science, etc. Further painstaking efforts are made to compile and update the novel herbal nanocarriers such as liposomes, polymeric nanoparticles, solid lipid nanoparticles, nanostructure lipid carriers, micelles, niosomes, nanoemulsions, dendrimers, etc., which are mostly used for ophthalmic drug delivery system. This article presents a comprehensive survey of diverse applications used for the preventative measures and treatment therapy of varied eye disorders. Further, this article highlights the recent findings that the innovators are exclusively working on ophthalmic nanosystems for herbal drug delivery systems. The nanocarriers are promising drug delivery systems that enable an effective and supreme therapeutic potential circumventing the limitations associated with conventional ocular drug delivery systems. The nanotechnology-based approach is useful to encapsulate the herbal bioactive and prevent them from degradation and therefore providing them for controlled and sustained release with enhanced herbal drug permeation. Extensive research is still being carried out in the field of herbal nanotechnology to design an ophthalmic nanosystem with improved biopharmaceutical properties.
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Ghose D, Swain S, Patra CN, Jena BR, Rao MEB. Advancement and Applications of Platelet-inspired Nanoparticles: A Paradigm for Cancer Targeting. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2023; 24:213-237. [PMID: 35352648 DOI: 10.2174/1389201023666220329111920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Platelet-inspired nanoparticles have ignited the possibility of new opportunities for producing similar biological particulates, such as structural cellular and vesicular components, as well as various viral forms, to improve biocompatible features that could improve the nature of biocompatible elements and enhance therapeutic efficacy. The simplicity and more effortless adaptability of such biomimetic techniques uplift the delivery of the carriers laden with cellular structures, which has created varied opportunities and scope of merits like; prolongation in circulation and alleviating immunogenicity improvement of the site-specific active targeting. Platelet-inspired nanoparticles or medicines are the most recent nanotechnology-based drug targeting systems used mainly to treat blood-related disorders, tumors, and cancer. The present review encompasses the current approach of platelet-inspired nanoparticles or medicines that have boosted the scientific community from versatile fields to advance biomedical sciences. Surprisingly, this knowledge has streamlined to development of newer diagnostic methods, imaging techniques, and novel nanocarriers, which might further help in the treatment protocol of the various diseased conditions. The review primarily focuses on the novel advancements and recent patents in nanoscience and nanomedicine that could be streamlined in the future for the management of progressive cancers and tumor targeting. Rigorous technological advancements like biomimetic stem cells, pH-sensitive drug delivery of nanoparticles, DNA origami devices, virosomes, nano cells like exosomes mimicking nanovesicles, DNA nanorobots, microbots, etc., can be implemented effectively for target-specific drug delivery.
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Shree D, Patra CN, Sahoo BM. Novel Herbal Nanocarriers for Treatment of Dermatological Disorders. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:246-256. [PMID: 35733305 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220622123019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE In the present scenario, the use of novel nanocarriers to provide a better therapy regimen is noteworthy. Nanotechnology with the advanced system enables the herbs for encapsulation within the smart carrier and boosts the nanotherapeutic. These emerging innovations of herbal nanocarriers have paved the way for dermal targeting by eliciting the desired response for particular diseases. METHODS In this current manuscript, an extensive search is conducted for the original research papers using databases, viz., Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, etc. Furthermore, painstaking efforts are made to compile and update the novel herbal nanocarriers, such as liposomes, ethosomes, transferosomes, niosomes, nanoemulsions, nanogels, nanostructured lipid carriers, solid lipid carriers, etc., which are mostly used for the treatment of several skin maladies, viz., eczema, psoriasis, acne, etc. This article highlights the recent findings that the innovators are exclusively working on herbal drug delivery systems for dermal targeting, and these are enumerated in the form of tables. CONCLUSION Herbal formulations employing a suitable nanocarrier could be a promising approach for the treatment of several pathological conditions, including skin ailments. Therefore, scientific research is still being carried out in this specific area for a better perspective in herbal drug delivery and targeting.
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Panigrahi KC, Patra CN, Rao MEB, Jena GK, Sahoo L. SEDDS Basic Design and Recent Formulation Advancement: A Concurrent Review. Pharm Nanotechnol 2022; 10:289-298. [PMID: 35980062 DOI: 10.2174/2211738510666220817124744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2022] [Revised: 04/05/2022] [Accepted: 04/27/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In the present scenario, lipid-based novel drug delivery systems are the area of interest for the formulation scientist in order to improve the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. A selfemulsifying drug delivery system (SEDDS) upon contact with the gastrointestinal fluid, forms an o/w emulsion. SEDDS has gained popularity as a potential platform for improving the bioavailability of the lipophilic drug by overcoming several challenges. The various advantages like improved solubility, bypassing lymphatic transport, and improvement in bioavailability are associated with SMEDDS or SNEDDS. The extent of the formation of stable SEDDS depends on a specific combination of surfactant, co-surfactant, and oil. The present review highlighted the different aspects of formulation design along with optimization and characterization of SEDDS formulation. It also gives a brief description of the various aspects of the excipients used in SEDDS formulation. This review also includes the conflict between types of SEDDS based on droplet size. There is an extensive review of various research regarding different solidification techniques used for SEDDS in the last three years.
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Panda J, Rao MEB, Swain S, Patra CN, Jena BR. Formulation development, optimization and characterization of mucoadhesive minitablets of cefuroxime axetil: in vitro, ex vivo and in vivo pharmacokinetic evaluation. BENI-SUEF UNIVERSITY JOURNAL OF BASIC AND APPLIED SCIENCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1186/s43088-022-00303-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
The current study expands on the use of design of experiment in developing cefuroxime axetil mucoadhesive minitablets for treating antibiotic-associated colitis. A comprehensive QbD-based product development strategy was implemented, with the target product profile defined based on the desired product quality of mucoadhesive minitablets. The identified critical quality attributes are based on the target product profile. The goal was to find the optimum levels by using the concentrations of chitosan (mg) (X1), HPMC K100M (X2) and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (X3) as the influential variables. The response surface methodology determines the dependent variables using 33 Box–Behnken design to optimize the selected critical factors. The friability (%), drug content (%) and mucoadhesive strength (%) characteristics of cefuroxime axetil mucoadhesive minitablets were evaluated using ANOVA for the observed responses or dependent variables.
Results
The study demonstrated that run 8 with optimum composition chitosan, HPMC K100M and sodium carboxy methyl cellulose, which are the mucoadhesive polymers, showed a desirable and promising drug release profile up to 24 h, higher percentage of drug content, mucoadhesion and swelling index.
Conclusions
The optimized mucoadhesive minitablets of cefuroxime axetil demonstrated desired formulation characteristics, including improved bioavailability and high control over the drug’s release rate and increased flexibility in adjusting both the dose and the drug’s release rate. In a nutshell, the studies support the successful development of mucoadhesive minitablets of cefuroxime axetil, which could be used to treat antibiotic-associated colitis.
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Routray SB, Patra CN, Swain S, Jena BR. Analytical Quality by Design Based Systematic Development and Optimization of a Sensitive Bioanalytical Method for Estimation Cinacalcet HCl in Rabbit Serum. JOURNAL OF PHARMACY AND BIOALLIED SCIENCES 2021; 13:360-366. [PMID: 35399796 PMCID: PMC8985839 DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_604_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 11/20/2021] [Accepted: 11/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Context There is no straightforward method for estimating cinacalcet HCl in biological materials such as serum exists. As a result, the goal of this research is to develop a simple quality by design (QbD) enabled reverse phase-Ultra-Fast Liquid Chromatography (RP-UFLC) model for analyzing cinacalcet HCl in serum. Aim The current study envisages the development and validation of an isocratic simple, precise, and rapid QbD enabled RP-UFLC method for the quantification of cinacalcet HCl in both solution form and blood samples. Subjects and Methods The optimum conditions were outlined, selecting three influential factors (CMPs) i.e., mobile phase composition, flow rate, and injection volume. Systematic optimization was performed by 32-Box Benkhen experimental design using response surface methodology. The selected variables are further assessed for observed responses Critical Analytical attributes, i.e., peak area, retention time (Rt), USP Plate count. The optimized method used a chromatographic C18 (100 mm × 4.6 mm i.d) column with mobile phase (acetonitrile and Tetrabutyl Ammonium Hydrogen Sulphate [TBSH]) in the ratio of 1:1, with a flow rate of 1 mL/min with UV at λmax 223 nm. The developed method was found to be specific for cinacalcet HCl, enduring no interference of peaks with an overall analytical Rt of 4.3 min. Results The Accuracy reported as % recovery was found to be 96.83%-101.32% and 95.18%-102.49% respectively. Inter-day precision (reproducibility) and intra-day precision (repeatability) were found to be 0.22-1.19 standard deviation (SD) and 0.14-2.12 SD respectively. The calibration curve was found to be linear with a regression equation Y = 195.8x + 21852, with R 2 0.999 over a concentration range from 100 to 100,000 ng/mL. Conclusion The required detection and quantitation limits (Limit of Detection and Limit of Quantitation) values were obtained within the acceptance limit based on S/N ratio which indicates the method was sensitive and rapidity of the method. Further, the developed QbD enabled UFLC method was approved and effectively entreated the blood tests to study the pharmacokinetic parameters which indicate a robust, accurate cost-effective method intended for quality control tool for routine systematic analysis in research labs.
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Ghose D, Patra CN, Ravi Kumar BVV, Swain S, Jena BR, Choudhury P, Shree D. QbD-based Formulation Optimization and Characterization of Polymeric Nanoparticles of Cinacalcet Hydrochloride with Improved Biopharmaceutical Attributes. Turk J Pharm Sci 2021; 18:452-464. [PMID: 34496552 DOI: 10.4274/tjps.galenos.2020.08522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Objectives The aim of the present work was to prepare QbD enabled optimization, and to improve the oral bioavailability of freeze-dried polymeric nanoparticles of cinacalcet hydrochloride manufactured by nanoprecipitation and ultrasonication methods using polymers PLGA, and poloxamer-188. Materials and Methods The initial screening and optimization were carried out for the formulations by employing Taguchi and Box-Behnken Designs. The FT-IR and DSC revealed no interactions and had no incompatibility among the selected drug and polymers. The nanoparticles were characterized for % drug release, particle size analysis, zeta potential, PDI, SEM, TEM, P-XRD, TGA, DTA, in vitro, and in vivo drug release study. Results In vitro drug release study showed sustained release of the drug from the optimized batch by diffusion mechanism. The optimized nanoparticle formulation was recognized by numerical and graphical methods using validation of the experimental model. The optimized batch was stable as per the ICH stability guidelines for 6 months with no considerable alternation noticed in particle size, entrapment efficiency, and in vitro drug release. The pharmacokinetic parameters of AUC and Cmax data for the optimized formulation increased 3- and 2.9-folds compared to the pure-drug suspension. Conclusion The prepared polymeric nanoparticles formulation is an alternative delivery system for enhanced therapeutic efficacy and bioavailability potential of a model drug to manage long-term normocalcemia in patients with preliminary hyperparathyroidism.
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Sruti J, Niranjan Patra C, Swain S, Panigrahi KC, Patro AP, Beg S, Dinda SC, Rao MEB. Improvement in the dissolution rate and tableting properties of cefuroxime axetil by melt-granulated dispersion and surface adsorption. Acta Pharm Sin B 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apsb.2013.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022] Open
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Swain S, Mondal D, Beg S, Patra CN, Dinda SC, Sruti J, Rao MEB. Stabilization and delivery approaches for protein and peptide pharmaceuticals: an extensive review of patents. Recent Pat Biotechnol 2013; 7:28-46. [PMID: 23441815 DOI: 10.2174/1872208311307010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2012] [Revised: 12/07/2012] [Accepted: 12/08/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
Proteins and peptides are the building blocks of human body and act as the arsenal to combat against the invading pathogenic organisms for treatment and management of diseases. Majority of such biomacromolecules are synthesized by the human body itself. However, entry of disease causing pathogens causes misleading in the synthesis of desired proteins for antibody formation. In such alarming situations, the delivery of requisite protein and peptide from external source helps in augmenting the body's immunity. The major drawbacks underlying poor biopharmaceutical performance of high molecular weight protein and peptide drugs are due to poor oral absorption, formulation stability, degradation in the gastric milieu, susceptible to presystemic metabolism. Numerous literature recounts the application of myriad drug delivery strategies for the effective delivery of protein and peptides viz. parentral, oral, transdermal, nasal, pulmonary, rectal, buccal and ocular drug delivery systems. There are many reviews on various delivery strategies for protein and peptide pharmaceuticals, but the present review article provides a bird's eye view on various novel drug delivery systems used for enhanced delivery of protein and peptide pharmaceuticals in the light of patent literature. Apart from this, the present manuscript endeavor provides idea on possible causes and major degradation pathways responsible for poor stability of protein and peptide drugs along with recent market instances on them utilizing novel drug delivery systems.
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Swain S, Meher D, Patra CN, Sruti J, Dinda SC, Rao MEB. Design and characterization of sustained release mucoadhesive microspheres of tolterodine tartrate. Curr Drug Deliv 2012; 10:413-26. [PMID: 23215776 DOI: 10.2174/1567201811310040006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2012] [Revised: 10/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The work was aim to design and characterize the sustained release mucoadhesive microspheres of Tolterodine tartrate prepared by non-aqueous solvent evaporation technique using ethyl cellulose based selected mucoadhesive polymers. Selected microspheres formulations of were found to be discrete, spherical and free flowing from the preliminary formulations. The microspheres exhibit good mucoadhesive property in in-vitro wash off test and showed high drug entrapment efficiency. Tolterodine tartrate release from these microspheres was slowed, extended and depended on the concentration of ethyl cellulose and type of mucoadhesive polymer used. In vitro drug release studies suggested that formulation F6c showed consistent drug release for up to 24 h time period. Among all the formulations, F6c containing ethyl cellulose with chitosan showed the reproducible results with best mucoadhesive profile and good surface morphology. The correlation value (r(2)) indicated that the drug release followed Higuchi model. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant difference in the release of drug from all formulations at P < 0.05 level. Accelerated stability study of optimized formulation (F6c) up to 3 month showed there was no change in drug content and release characteristics during storage.
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Patra CN, Yethiraj A. Density functional theory for the nonspecific binding of salt to polyelectrolytes: thermodynamic properties. Biophys J 2000; 78:699-706. [PMID: 10653783 PMCID: PMC1300673 DOI: 10.1016/s0006-3495(00)76628-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
The thermodynamics of the nonspecific binding of salt to a polyelectrolyte molecule is studied using a density functional approach. The polyelectrolyte molecule is modeled as an infinite, inflexible, and impenetrable charged cylinder and the counterions and co-ions are modeled as charged hard spheres of equal diameter. The density functional theory is based on a hybrid approach where the hard-sphere contribution to the one-particle correlation function is evaluated nonperturbatively and the ionic contribution to the one-particle correlation function is evaluated perturbatively. The advantage of the approach is that analytical expressions are available for all the correlation functions. The calculated single ion preferential interaction coefficients, excess free energy, and activity coefficients show a nonmonotonic variation as a function of polyion charge in the presence of divalent ions. These properties display considerable departure from the predictions of the nonlinear Poisson-Boltzmann (NLPB) equation, with qualitative differences in some cases, which may be attributed to correlation effects neglected in the NLPB theory.
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Patra CN, Ghosh SK. Density functional approach to solvent-induced interactions in neutral liquids: Comparison with experimental results. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1994; 50:5123-5126. [PMID: 9962600 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.50.5123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Patra CN, Ghosh SK. Weighted-density-functional theory of solvation forces in liquids. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1994; 49:2826-2834. [PMID: 9961548 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.49.2826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
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Patra CN, Ghosh SK. Weighted-density-functional theory of electrode-electrolyte interface: Beyond the primitive model. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1993; 48:1154-1162. [PMID: 9960701 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.48.1154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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Patra CN, Ghosh SK. Weighted-density-functional theory of nonuniform ionic fluids: Application to electric double layers. PHYSICAL REVIEW. E, STATISTICAL PHYSICS, PLASMAS, FLUIDS, AND RELATED INTERDISCIPLINARY TOPICS 1993; 47:4088-4097. [PMID: 9960484 DOI: 10.1103/physreve.47.4088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
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