Clinical and Genetic Analysis of Metastatic Prostate Cancer to the Central Nervous System: A Single-Institution Retrospective Experience.
Clin Genitourin Cancer 2023;
21:e9-e18. [PMID:
36376168 DOI:
10.1016/j.clgc.2022.10.007]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/11/2022] [Accepted: 10/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Prostate cancer (PC) rarely metastasizes to the central nervous system (CNS). In this retrospective single-institution study at a tertiary cancer center, we aimed to evaluate the clinical and genetic characteristics of advanced PC patients with CNS metastases.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Between January 2010 and March 2020, 12 out of 579 patients with extracranial metastatic PC were identified to have CNS metastases based on imaging, including six patients with brain metastases (BMs), five patients with dural metastases, and one unknown. These patients were followed up through March 2022. Clinical data were compared to the overall cohort of patients evaluated at our cancer center during that decade. Genetics information was also analyzed for the patients with available data via cell-free DNA (cfDNA) blood samples.
RESULTS
Median time from development of extracranial metastatic disease to development of CNS metastases was 5.5 years (95% CI, 1.8-7.0). Median overall survival (mOS) from diagnosis of CNS metastases was 6.1 months (95% CI, 5.8-8.2). Notably, there was no significant difference in mOS after development of extracranial metastases in patients with CNS metastases (6.4 years; 95% CI, 4.6-7.9) compared to the patients without known CNS metastases (5.2 years; 95% CI, 4.6-5.7) (P = .91). For the cohort with CNS metastases, nine patients had germline testing and seven patients had somatic testing via cfDNA.
CONCLUSION
PC patients with CNS metastases did not often die from a neurological cause. With advancing therapies, the overall prognosis of metastatic PC continues to improve, and CNS metastases will become more common.
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