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Moy JN, Amin AM, Chalmers-Watson C, Chowdhury R, Forssten C, Fu J, Ghosh S, Harris JD, Kordowich S, Li Y, Lin W, Mackay-Thomas S, Mickiewicz M, Patel N, Resino S, Sevenoaks T, Tugetman MA, Valencia J, Vijesurier R, White N, Woods CW, Kennedy PT, Ryan P. Evaluation of the Panbio™ COVID-19 IgG rapid test device performance. Heliyon 2023; 9:e22612. [PMID: 38125420 PMCID: PMC10730567 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 11/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/15/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The Panbio™ COVID-19 IgG Rapid Test Device ("Panbio™") detects IgG antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein from viral infection or vaccination. Objectives To determine the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the Panbio™ professional use test, using fingerstick whole blood and venous plasma. Study design Fingerstick whole blood and venous plasma from each participant were tested with Panbio™ and compared against the SARS-CoV-2 IgG II assay on the Abbott Architect™ platform (Europe) or the equivalent AdviseDx SARS-CoV-2 IgG II Abbott Alinity i™ platform (US). 447 evaluable participants were enrolled across 6 US and 9 European clinical centers. Results For unvaccinated participants with PCR-confirmed infection ≥21 days post-symptom onset, the Panbio™ sensitivity with fingerstick whole blood was 92.6 % (95 % CI: 85.9, 96.7), and the specificity was 97.0 % (95 % CI: 93.1, 99.0). For venous plasma, the sensitivity was 90.0 % (95 % CI: 79.5, 96.2) for participants with PCR-confirmed infection and symptom onset 22-180 days ago; the specificity was 96.3 % (92.2, 98.6). For vaccinated participants, the sensitivity was 98.4 % (95 % CI: 91.2, 100.0) for fingerstick whole blood and 96.7 % (95 % CI: 88.7, 99.6) for venous plasma. Conclusion The Panbio™ test had high sensitivity and specificity for detecting IgG against the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- James N. Moy
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | | | | - Jun Fu
- Department of Internal Medicine, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | - Jeffrey D. Harris
- Urgent Care Clinical Trials at AFC Urgent Care, Easley and Powdersville, SC, USA
| | | | - Yin Li
- Abbott Rapid and Molecular Diagnostics, Carlsbad, CA, USA
| | - Wenchi Lin
- Abbott Rapid and Molecular Diagnostics, Galway, Ireland
| | | | - Marc Mickiewicz
- Urgent Care Clinical Trials at Complete Urgent Care, Nashville, TN, USA
| | | | - Salvador Resino
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Unidad de Infección Viral e Inmunidad, Centro Nacional de Microbiología, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Majadahonda, Spain
| | | | | | - Jorge Valencia
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
| | - Roy Vijesurier
- Abbott Rapid and Molecular Diagnostics, Abbott Park, IL, USA
| | - Nikki White
- The Princess Alexandra Hospital NHS Trust, Essex, UK
| | - Christopher W. Woods
- Center for Infectious Disease Diagnostic and Innovation, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, USA
| | | | - Pablo Ryan
- Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red en Enfermedades Infecciosas (CIBERINFEC), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
- Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital Universitario Infanta Leonor, Madrid, Spain
- Universidad complutense de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
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Nandy S, Chalmers-Watson C, Gantley M, Underwood M. Referral for minor mental illness: a qualitative study. Br J Gen Pract 2001; 51:461-5. [PMID: 11407051 PMCID: PMC1314027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/20/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mild depression and anxiety are common problems in general practice. They can be managed by the general practitioner (GP) alone or referred. Previous quantitative studies have shown a large variation between GPs in terms of referral behaviour. The reasons for this variation are not fully understood. AIM To describe and analyse GP's decision-making processes when considering who should be treating patients with minor mental illness, using a qualitative method. DESIGN OF STUDY A qualitative interview study. SETTING Twenty-three GPs in east London and Essex. METHOD Subjects were chosen using a purposive sampling strategy and participated in one-to-one semi-structured interviews. A grounded theory approach was used for analysis. RESULTS Two distinct referral strategies were identified--the 'containment' and the 'conduit' approaches. In addition, referrals were found to be of two types--proactive 'referrals to' and reactive 'referrals away'; for minor mental illness the 'referrals away' were found to predominate. Emotive as well as rational responses informed GP decision making on referral. CONCLUSIONS Explanations of the variation in referral rates need to recognise the emotive responses of individual GPs to minor mental illness. The contribution of guidelines, which assume consistently rational responses to illness, may therefore be limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Nandy
- Department of General Practice and Primary Care, St Bartholomew's and Royal London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary and Westfield College, London E1 4NS
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