1
|
DNA-pools targeted-sequencing as a robust cost-effective method to detect rare variants: Application to dilated cardiomyopathy genetic diagnosis. Clin Genet 2024; 105:185-189. [PMID: 37904629 DOI: 10.1111/cge.14427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/01/2023]
Abstract
Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a heart disease characterized by left ventricular dilatation and systolic dysfunction. In 30% of cases, pathogenic variants, essentially private to each patient, are identified in at least one of almost 50 reported genes. Thus, while costly, exons capture-based Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) of a targeted gene panel appears as the best strategy to genetically diagnose DCM. Here, we report a NGS strategy applied to pools of 8 DNAs from DCM patients and validate its robustness for rare variants detection at 4-fold reduced cost. Our pipeline uses Freebayes to detect variants with the expected 1/16 allele frequency. From the whole set of detected rare variants in 96 pools we set the variants quality parameters optimizing true positives calling. When compared to simplex DNA sequencing in a shared subset of 50 DNAs, 96% of SNVs/InsDel were accurately identified in pools. Extended to the 384 DNAs included in the study, we detected 100 variants (ACMG class 4 and 5), mostly in well-known morbid gene causing DCM such as TTN, MYH7, FLNC, and TNNT2. To conclude, we report an original pool-sequencing NGS method accurately detecting rare variants. This innovative approach is cost-effective for genetic diagnostic in rare diseases.
Collapse
|
2
|
Mapping of Dietary Interventions Beneficial in the Prevention of Secondary Health Conditions in Spinal Cord Injured Population: A Systematic Review. J Nutr Health Aging 2023; 27:524-541. [PMID: 37498100 DOI: 10.1007/s12603-023-1937-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Individuals with spinal cord injury are at risk of secondary health conditions (SHC) that develop as a consequence of autonomic dysfunction, prolonged oxidative stress and inflammation, and physical inactivity coupled with inadequate energy and nutritional intake. SHC can be debilitating and even life-threatening, and its prevention remains one of the major challenges in the continuum of medical care of aging SCI population. An unhealthy diet is a major driver of inflammation, oxidative stress, and unfavourable metabolic status and may be a practical preventive target to tackle increased SHC risk post-injury. AIMS To provide a catalogue of dietary interventions beneficial in prevention of SHC among individuals with SCI by conducting a systematic review of the literature on dietary interventions and dietary supplementation in promoting health and well-being after the injury. In addition, we aimed to provide a summary of observational studies exploring the association between habitual diet (macro- and micronutrients intake and dietary patterns) and health patterns following the injury. METHOD This review was registered at PROSPERO (University of York) with registration number CRD42022373773. Four medical databases (EMBASE.com, MEDLINE [Ovid], Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science Core Collection) and Google Scholar were searched from inception until 11th July 2022. Studies were included if they were clinical trials or observational studies conducted in adult individuals with SCI and provided information of interest. Based on strength of the study design and risk of bias assessment (using the NIH tool), we classified studies from Level 1 (most reliable studies) to Level 4 (least reliable studies). RESULTS Of 12,313 unique citations, 47 articles (based on 43 original studies) comprising 32 interventional (22 RCTs, 3 NRCT, and 7 pre-post studies) and 11 observational studies (2 cohort studies, 2 case-control, 1 post-intervention follow-up study, and 6 cross-sectional studies) were included in the present systematic review. Twenty studies (46.5%) were classified as Level 1 or 2, indicating high/moderate methodological quality. Based on those studies, dietary strategies including high protein diet, intermittent fasting, balanced diet in combination with physical conditioning and electrical stimulation, and dietary supplementation including alpha-lipoic acid, creatine, vitamin D, and cranberry-derived supplements and probiotics were mapped as the most promising in prevention of SHC among individuals with SCI. CONCLUSIONS To develop timely and effective preventive strategies targeting major SHC (e.g., cardiometabolic diseases, urinary tract infections) in SCI, further research is warranted to confirm the effectiveness of dietary strategies/interventions identified through the current systematic review of the literature.
Collapse
|
3
|
Retrospective analysis on the tolerability of non-standard used vehicles in non-clinical studies. Toxicol Lett 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s0378-4274(21)00659-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
4
|
Fully endoscopic clipping of anterior circulation cerebral aneurysms through transpalpebral approach: One step closer to robotic neurovascular surgery? J Clin Neurosci 2021; 88:142-146. [PMID: 33992173 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2020] [Revised: 02/13/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
5
|
PH-0159: NANORAY-103: Phase I/II trial of NBTXR3 activated by SBRT in patients with HCC and liver metastases. Radiother Oncol 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(21)00183-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
6
|
Anti-integrin α v therapy improves cardiac fibrosis after myocardial infarction by blunting cardiac PW1 + stromal cells. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11404. [PMID: 32647159 PMCID: PMC7347632 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68223-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 06/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
There is currently no therapy to limit the development of cardiac fibrosis and consequent heart failure. We have recently shown that cardiac fibrosis post-myocardial infarction (MI) can be regulated by resident cardiac cells with a fibrogenic signature and identified by the expression of PW1 (Peg3). Here we identify αV-integrin (CD51) as an essential regulator of cardiac PW1+ cells fibrogenic behavior. We used transcriptomic and proteomic approaches to identify specific cell-surface markers for cardiac PW1+ cells and found that αV-integrin (CD51) was expressed in almost all cardiac PW1+ cells (93% ± 1%), predominantly as the αVβ1 complex. αV-integrin is a subunit member of the integrin family of cell adhesion receptors and was found to activate complex of latent transforming growth factor beta (TGFβ at the surface of cardiac PW1+ cells. Pharmacological inhibition of αV-integrin reduced the profibrotic action of cardiac PW1+CD51+ cells and was associated with improved cardiac function and animal survival following MI coupled with a reduced infarct size and fibrotic lesion. These data identify a targetable pathway that regulates cardiac fibrosis in response to an ischemic injury and demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of αV-integrin could reduce pathological outcomes following cardiac ischemia.
Collapse
|
7
|
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small regulatory RNAs participating to several biological processes and known to be involved in various pathologies. Measurable in body fluids, miRNAs have been proposed to serve as efficient biomarkers for diseases and/or associated traits. Here, we performed a next-generation-sequencing based profiling of plasma miRNAs in 344 patients with venous thrombosis (VT) and assessed the association of plasma miRNA levels with several haemostatic traits and the risk of VT recurrence. Among the most significant findings, we detected an association between hsa-miR-199b-3p and haematocrit levels (P = 0.0016), these two markers having both been independently reported to associate with VT risk. We also observed suggestive evidence for association of hsa-miR-370-3p (P = 0.019), hsa-miR-27b-3p (P = 0.016) and hsa-miR-222-3p (P = 0.049) with VT recurrence, the observations at the latter two miRNAs confirming the recent findings of Wang et al. Besides, by conducting Genome-Wide Association Studies on miRNA levels and meta-analyzing our results with some publicly available, we identified 21 new associations of single nucleotide polymorphisms with plasma miRNA levels at the statistical significance threshold of P < 5 × 10-8, some of these associations pertaining to thrombosis associated mechanisms. In conclusion, this study provides novel data about the impact of miRNAs' variability in haemostasis and new arguments supporting the association of few miRNAs with the risk of recurrence in patients with venous thrombosis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Management of vascular and nonvascular complications following pancreas transplantation with interventional radiology. Diagn Interv Imaging 2020; 101:629-638. [PMID: 32089482 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2019] [Revised: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Pancreas transplantation exposes to high rates of complications, either vascular (thrombosis, stenosis, pseudoaneurysm, arteriovenous fistula) or nonvascular (fluid collection, graft rejection). With advances in percutaneous and endovascular techniques, interventional radiologists are increasingly involved in the management of these complications. In this article, we review the anatomical considerations relevant to pancreas transplantation, the techniques used for image-guided interventions for vascular and nonvascular complications, and the expected outcomes of these interventions.
Collapse
|
9
|
Correction: Exome-wide association study reveals novel susceptibility genes to sporadic dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0229472. [PMID: 32059048 PMCID: PMC7021299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0229472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
|
10
|
Minilaparotomy-assisted transmesenteric approach for portal vein recanalization and transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt in a non-cirrhotic patient with portal cavernoma. Diagn Interv Imaging 2020; 101:417-419. [PMID: 31899148 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2019.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 12/09/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
11
|
Whole blood levels of S1PR4 mRNA associated with cerebral vasospasm after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage. J Neurosurg 2019; 133:1837-1841. [PMID: 31783362 DOI: 10.3171/2019.9.jns191305] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The authors sought to identify mRNA biomarkers of cerebral vasospasm in whole blood of patients suffering from aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). METHODS A prospective transcriptomic study for vasospasm was conducted in whole blood samples of 44 aSAH patients who developed (VSP+ group, n = 22) or did not develop (VSP- group, n = 22) vasospasm. Samples from all patients were profiled for 21,460 mRNA probes using the Illumina Human HT12v4.0 array. Differential statistical analysis was performed using a linear mixed model. RESULTS Levels of sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor 4 (S1PR4) mRNA were significantly higher (p = 8.03 × 10-6) at presentation in patients who developed vasospasm after aSAH than in patients who did not. CONCLUSIONS The results, which are consistent with findings of previous experimental investigations conducted in animal models, support the role of S1PR4 and its ligand, sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P), in arterial-associated vasoconstriction, which suggests that S1PR4 could be used as a biomarker for cerebral vasospasm in aSAH patients.
Collapse
|
12
|
Whole-Blood miRNA Sequencing Profiling for Vasospasm in Patients With Aneurysmal Subarachnoid Hemorrhage. Stroke 2019; 49:2220-2223. [PMID: 30354977 DOI: 10.1161/strokeaha.118.021101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose- Arterial vasospasm is a well-known delayed complication of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (aSAH). However, no validated biomarker exists to help clinicians discriminating patients with aSAH who will develop vasospasm (VSP+) and identifying those who then deserve aggressive preventive therapy. We hypothesized that whole-blood miRNAs could be a source of candidate biomarkers for vasospasm. Methods- Using a next-generation sequencing approach, we performed whole-blood miRNA profiling between VSP+patients with aSAH and patients who did not develop vasospasm (VSP-) in a prospective cohort of 32 patients. Profiling was performed on the admission day and 3 days before vasospasm. Results- Four hundred forty-two miRNAs were highly expressed in whole blood of patients with aSAH. Among them, hsa-miR-3177-3p demonstrated significant ( P=5.9×10-5; PBonferroni corrected=0.03) lower levels in VSP- compared with VSP+ patients. Looking for whole-blood mRNA correlates of hsa-miR-3177-3p, we observed some evidence that the decrease in hsa-miR-3177-3p levels after aSAH was associated with an increase in LDHA mRNA levels in VSP- ( P<10-3) but not in VSP+ ( P=0.66) patients. Conclusions- Whole-blood miRNA levels of hsa-miR-3177-3p could serve as a biomarker for vasospasm. Clinical Trial Registration- URL: https://www.clinicaltrials.gov . Unique identifier: NCT01779713.
Collapse
|
13
|
P5369Alpha-V integrin regulates the contribution of PW1+ cells to cardiac fibrosis. Eur Heart J 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz746.0334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Activated cardiac fibroblasts produce extracellular matrix proteins that accumulate during cardiac fibrosis. We have recently shown that PW1 is expressed in a subset of cardiac stromal cells and that cardiac PW1+ cells represent a cellular source of fibroblasts in the ischemic hearts.
Purpose
We aimed to further identify new cell surface markers expressed by cardiac PW1+ cells and to investigate their role in the fibrogenic behavior of these cells.
Methods and results
We first performed transcriptomic and proteomic profiling of FACS-isolated cardiac PW1+ from normal and ischemic hearts. RNA-sequencing output files were processed with bioinformatics algorithms to identify 378 specific cell-surface markers for cardiac PW1+ cells. By comparing these candidates with the proteomic profile, we then cross-identified 9 cell surface proteins primarily involved in cell motility, adhesion to the matrix, inflammatory response and response to wounding. One of these candidates (i.e., aV-integrin or CD51) was expressed in almost all cardiac PW1+ cells (93±1%), and was predominantly found in cells expressing PW1 in the myocardium. Cardiac PW1+ cells showed a predominant expression of aVβ1 complex which is known to mediate fibrosis through TGF-beta activation in a number of tissues. The transfer of isolated cardiac PW1+CD51+ cells into ischemic hearts was associated with fibrosis development. We further demonstrated that inhibition of aV-integrin in cardiac PW1+ cells reduces their profibrotic gene expression profile and their ability to differentiate into fibroblasts. Lastly, a pharmacological blockade of aV-integrin improved cardiac function and animal survival following myocardial infarction coupled with a reduced infarct size and fibrotic lesion.
Conclusions
These data identify a targetable pathway that regulates cardiac fibrosis in response to an ischemic injury and demonstrate that pharmacological inhibition of aV-integrin leads to reduced pathological outcomes following cardiac ischemia.
Acknowledgement/Funding
Fondation Leducq (grant 13CVD01, CardioStemNet project), Fédération Française de Cardiologie and Era-CVD (ANR-16-ECVD-0011-03, Clarify project)
Collapse
|
14
|
Phase I/II trial of NBTXR3 activated by SBRT in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma or liver metastasis. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz247.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
15
|
Hafnium Oxide Nanoparticles Activated by SBRT for the Treatment of Hepatocellular Carcinoma and Liver Metastasis: A Phase I/II Trial. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
16
|
FLNC pathogenic variants in patients with cardiomyopathies: Prevalence and genotype-phenotype correlations. Clin Genet 2019; 96:317-329. [PMID: 31245841 DOI: 10.1111/cge.13594] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2019] [Revised: 05/14/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Pathogenic variants in FLNC encoding filamin C have been firstly reported to cause myopathies, and were recently linked to isolated cardiac phenotypes. Our aim was to estimate the prevalence of FLNC pathogenic variants in subtypes of cardiomyopathies and to study the relations between phenotype and genotype. DNAs from a cohort of 1150 unrelated index-patients with isolated cardiomyopathy (700 hypertrophic, 300 dilated, 50 restrictive cardiomyopathies, and 100 left ventricle non-compactions) have been sequenced on a custom panel of 51 cardiomyopathy disease-causing genes. An FLNC pathogenic variant was identified in 28 patients corresponding to a prevalence ranging from 1% to 8% depending on the cardiomyopathy subtype. Truncating variants were always identified in patients with dilated cardiomyopathy, while missense or in-frame indel variants were found in other phenotypes. A personal or family history of sudden cardiac death (SCD) was significantly higher in patients with truncating variants than in patients carrying missense variants (P = .01). This work reported the first observation of a left ventricular non-compaction associated with a unique probably causal variant in FLNC which highlights the role of FLNC in cardiomyopathies. A correlation between the nature of the variant and the cardiomyopathy subtype was observed as well as with SCD risk.
Collapse
|
17
|
Ultrasonographic guidance for portal vein access during transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement. Diagn Interv Imaging 2019; 100:445-453. [DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2019.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Revised: 01/08/2019] [Accepted: 01/16/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
|
18
|
Hafnium oxide nanoparticles activated by SBRT: a new interventional radiation therapy approach for the treatment of unresectable liver cancers. Ann Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdz157.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
19
|
OPTIMIR, a novel algorithm for integrating available genome-wide genotype data into miRNA sequence alignment analysis. RNA (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2019; 25:657-668. [PMID: 30819774 PMCID: PMC6521604 DOI: 10.1261/rna.069708.118] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 02/21/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Next-generation sequencing is an increasingly popular and efficient approach to characterize the full set of microRNAs (miRNAs) present in human biosamples. MiRNAs' detection and quantification still remain a challenge as they can undergo different posttranscriptional modifications and might harbor genetic variations (polymiRs) that may impact on the alignment step. We present a novel algorithm, OPTIMIR, that incorporates biological knowledge on miRNA editing and genome-wide genotype data available in the processed samples to improve alignment accuracy. OPTIMIR was applied to 391 human plasma samples that had been typed with genome-wide genotyping arrays. OPTIMIR was able to detect genotyping errors, suggested the existence of novel miRNAs and highlighted the allelic imbalance expression of polymiRs in heterozygous carriers. OPTIMIR is written in python, and freely available on the GENMED website (http://www.genmed.fr/index.php/fr/) and on Github (github.com/FlorianThibord/OptimiR).
Collapse
|
20
|
FLNC mutations in patients with cardiomyopathies: Prevalence and genotype-phenotype correlations. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.acvdsp.2019.02.184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
21
|
OC-0281 Phase I/II trial of hafnium oxide nanoparticles activated by SBRT in the treatment of liver cancers. Radiother Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/s0167-8140(19)30701-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
|
22
|
Erratum to “Storage at room temperature does not change cisatracurium onset time: A prospective, randomized, double-blind controlled study [Ann. Fr. Anesth. Reanim. 31 (2012) 783–787]. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2018; 37:653. [DOI: 10.1016/j.accpm.2018.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
|
23
|
Hepatocellular carcinoma and liver metastasis treated by hafnium oxide nanoparticles activated by stereotactic body radiation therapy. Ann Oncol 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdy282.094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
24
|
Plasma levels of hsa-miR-152-3p are associated with diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 33:2201-2207. [DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 12/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
|
25
|
Blood triglyceride levels are associated with DNA methylation at the serine metabolism gene PHGDH. Sci Rep 2017; 7:11207. [PMID: 28894120 PMCID: PMC5593822 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-09552-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficient interventions to reduce blood triglycerides are few; newer and more tolerable intervention targets are needed. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying blood triglyceride levels variation is key to identifying new therapies. To explore the role of epigenetic mechanisms on triglyceride levels, a blood methylome scan was conducted in 199 individuals from 5 French-Canadian families ascertained on venous thromboembolism, and findings were replicated in 324 French unrelated patients with venous thromboembolism. Genetic context and functional relevance were investigated. Two DNA methylation sites associated with triglyceride levels were identified. The first one, located in the ABCG1 gene, was recently reported, whereas the second one, located in the promoter of the PHGDH gene, is novel. The PHGDH methylation site, cg14476101, was found to be associated with variation in triglyceride levels in a threshold manner: cg14476101 was inversely associated with triglyceride levels only when triglyceride levels were above 1.12 mmol/L (discovery P-value = 8.4 × 10-6; replication P-value = 0.0091). Public databases findings supported a functional role of cg14476101 on PHGDH expression. PHGDH catalyses the first step in the serine biosynthesis pathway. These findings highlight the role of epigenetic regulation of the PHGDH gene in triglyceride metabolism, providing novel insights on putative intervention targets.
Collapse
|
26
|
[Type 1 neurofibromatosis: Onset of two tumors before the age of 5years]. Arch Pediatr 2017; 24:986-990. [PMID: 28870819 DOI: 10.1016/j.arcped.2017.08.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Revised: 03/17/2017] [Accepted: 08/04/2017] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a frequent autosomal dominant genetic disorder that predisposes to the development of benign and malignant tumors. Mutation of the NF1 gene affects the RAS-MAPK signaling pathway and leads to a dysfunction in cell proliferation and induces tumor development. Epidemiology of cancer in children with NF1 is very different from the general pediatric population, which requires regular and specific monitoring. Neurofibroma is the most frequent benign tumor. It can be very invalidating depending on the size and location of the tumor. Currently, there is no specific treatment for these tumors. The most frequent malignancies in children with NF1 are leukemias, rhabdomyosarcomas, malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors and gliomas. The treatment of these tumors should consider the risk of second cancers induced by radio- and chemotherapy. We report on the case of a 5-year-old boy with NF1 developing two tumors.
Collapse
|
27
|
Eribulin is safe and efficient in metastatic breast cancer in elderly patients. Results from the REPROLINE multicentric retro-prospective cohort. Ann Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdx365.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
28
|
Fibrogenic Potential of PW1/Peg3 Expressing Cardiac Stem Cells. J Am Coll Cardiol 2017; 70:728-741. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
|
29
|
CT-guided direct percutaneous treatment of a ruptured pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm using N-butyl cyanoacrylate. Diagn Interv Imaging 2017; 98:903-904. [PMID: 28733139 DOI: 10.1016/j.diii.2017.06.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2017] [Revised: 06/23/2017] [Accepted: 06/27/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
|
30
|
Transcriptomic profiling identifies cardiac PW1 cells as a specific population with fibrogenic potential. ARCHIVES OF CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASES SUPPLEMENTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/s1878-6480(17)30449-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
|
31
|
Exome-wide association study reveals novel susceptibility genes to sporadic dilated cardiomyopathy. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0172995. [PMID: 28296976 PMCID: PMC5351854 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0172995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2016] [Accepted: 02/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Aims Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is an important cause of heart failure with a strong familial component. We performed an exome-wide array-based association study (EWAS) to assess the contribution of missense variants to sporadic DCM. Methods and results 116,855 single nucleotide variants (SNVs) were analyzed in 2796 DCM patients and 6877 control subjects from 6 populations of European ancestry. We confirmed two previously identified associations with SNVs in BAG3 and ZBTB17 and discovered six novel DCM-associated loci (Q-value<0.01). The lead-SNVs at novel loci are common and located in TTN, SLC39A8, MLIP, FLNC, ALPK3 and FHOD3. In silico fine mapping identified HSPB7 as the most likely candidate at the ZBTB17 locus. Rare variant analysis (MAF<0.01) demonstrated significant association for TTN variants only (P = 0.0085). All candidate genes but one (SLC39A8) exhibit preferential expression in striated muscle tissues and mutations in TTN, BAG3, FLNC and FHOD3 are known to cause familial cardiomyopathy. We also investigated a panel of 48 known cardiomyopathy genes. Collectively, rare (n = 228, P = 0.0033) or common (n = 36, P = 0.019) variants with elevated in silico severity scores were associated with DCM, indicating that the spectrum of genes contributing to sporadic DCM extends beyond those identified here. Conclusion We identified eight loci independently associated with sporadic DCM. The functions of the best candidate genes at these loci suggest that proteostasis regulation might play a role in DCM pathophysiology.
Collapse
|
32
|
Post-traumatic changes in energy expenditure and body composition in patients with acute spinal cord injury. J Rehabil Med 2017; 49:579-584. [DOI: 10.2340/16501977-2244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
|
33
|
Maximum Inspiratory Pressure is a Discriminator of Pneumonia in Individuals With Spinal-Cord Injury. Respir Care 2016; 61:1636-1643. [DOI: 10.4187/respcare.04818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
|
34
|
Factors associated with Toxoplasma gondii infection in confined farrow-to-finish pig herds in western France: an exploratory study in 60 herds. Parasit Vectors 2016; 9:466. [PMID: 27558270 PMCID: PMC4997743 DOI: 10.1186/s13071-016-1753-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infection by Toxoplasma gondii postnatally can occur after ingestion of contaminated meat or water (tissue cysts/oocysts). In Europe, percentage of meat borne infections is estimated between 30 and 63 %, out of which pork makes the most important source. The aim of this study was to (i) investigate the seroprevalence of T. gondii in intensive pig farms from western France; and (ii) identify the risk factors associated with seropositivity. METHODS Data were collected between November 2006 and February 2008 in 60 intensive farrow-to-finish farms, where sera were taken from 3595 fattening pigs, weaned and suckling piglets. Information about three classes of potential seropositivity risk factors were obtained through a questionnaire concerning: (i) breeding characteristics; (ii) farm management; and (iii) husbandry and hygiene. The modified agglutination test (MAT) was used for detection of specific anti T. gondii antibodies in pig sera, starting from 1/6 dilution. RESULTS The overall proportion of seropositive animals was 6.9 %, but the proportion of herds with at least one positive pig was 100 %. Multivariate logistic mixed model showed an increased seropositivity risk in weaned compared to suckling piglets, and a decreasing risk for mid-sized and large farms. The presence of a Danish entry facility, that clearly separates clean and dirty areas, had a protective effect on T. gondii seropositivity as well. CONCLUSIONS The observed proportion of herds with at least one T. gondii seropositive animal provides further evidence that even in confined conditions of pig breeding, infection occurs, and is common. The highest risk for acquiring T. gondii is at the end of weaning period. Smaller confined pig farms demonstrate higher T. gondii seropositivity levels. This study also showed that Danish entry on farm buildings provides effective protection against T. gondii.
Collapse
|
35
|
P-289 Hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy for unresectable liver metastases of colorectal cancer: a multicenter retrospective study. Ann Oncol 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdw199.279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
|
36
|
Vitamin D deficiency in Swiss elite wheelchair athletes. Spinal Cord 2016; 54:991-995. [PMID: 26976532 DOI: 10.1038/sc.2016.33] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 01/15/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN This is a retrospective analysis of total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) in Swiss elite wheelchair athletes. OBJECTIVES The aim was to investigate the occurrence of vitamin D deficiency in Swiss elite wheelchair athletes over the whole year and to detect differences between winter and summer months, and between indoor and outdoor athletes. SETTING This study was conducted in Switzerland. METHODS A total of 164 blood samples from 72 Swiss elite wheelchair athletes (mean±s.d.: age 32±13 years) were analyzed for total serum 25[OH]D. All participants were members of the national team in their discipline. The following disciplines have been included: rugby, athletics, cycling, tennis, ski alpine, curling and basketball. According to general guidelines, insufficient vitamin D status was defined between 50 and 75 nmol l-1, deficiency below 50 nmol l-1 and severe deficiency below 27.5 nmol l-1. RESULTS In all, 73.2% of all samples showed an insufficiency/deficiency in vitamin D status. Total serum 25[OH]D was significantly higher during summer compared with winter months (69.5±21.4 nmol l-1 vs 51.5±21.9 nmol l-1; P<0.001). Indoor sports showed a higher amount of vitamin D insufficiency/deficiency (80.9%) than outdoor sports (70.1%), with a significantly higher 25[OH]D concentration in outdoor sports (P=0.042). CONCLUSION A high percentage of vitamin D deficiency was found among Swiss elite wheelchair athletes. Conclusively, we recommend supplementation with vitamin D-especially during winter-to prevent a deficiency and an impairment of performance.
Collapse
|
37
|
2303 Effect of the inhibition of the Renine-Angiotensine system (RAS) as potentiator of gemcitabine in metastatic pancreatic cancer. Eur J Cancer 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/s0959-8049(16)31219-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
|
38
|
Many respiratory viruses have temporal association with meningococcal disease. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2015; 43:487-92. [PMID: 25456529 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2014.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2014] [Accepted: 07/23/2014] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Previous ecological studies have shown a temporal and spatial association between influenza epidemics and meningococcal disease (MNG); however, none have examined more than two respiratory viruses. METHODS Data were obtained in Chile between 2000 and 2005 on confirmed cases of MNG and all confirmed cases of respiratory viruses (influenza A and B; parainfluenza; adenovirus; and respiratory syncytial virus [RSV]). Both variables were divided by epidemiological weeks, age range, and regions. Models of transference functions were run for rates of MNG. RESULTS In this period, 1022 reported cases of MNG and 34,737 cases of respiratory virus were identified (25,137 RSV; 4300 parainfluenza; 2527 influenza-A; 356 influenza-B; and 2417 adenovirus). RSV was the major independent virus temporally associated to MNG (it appears one week before MNG), followed by parainfluenza, influenza-B, adenovirus, and influenza-A. CONCLUSIONS The rate of MNG in Chile is temporally associated to all of the respiratory viruses studied, but with variability according age range, and regions.
Collapse
|
39
|
Abstract
The 3-min all-out test is a well-established exercise test developed for cycling ergometry. However, no such test exists in arm cranking. Thus the aim of this study was to investigate the test-retest reliability of a 3-min all-out exercise test on an arm crank ergometer. 21 healthy participants (9 male and 12 female, age 34±11 years, body mass 69.6±11.1 kg and height 175.5±6.9 cm) twice performed a 3-min all-out exercise test on an arm crank ergometer separated by 7 days. Peak power (PP), mean power (MP), fatigue index (FI), time to peak (TTP) and total work (TW) were assessed to detect test-retest reliability. PP, MP, FI and TW showed an excellent intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) ranging from 0.940 to 0.984. Only TTP showed very low reliability with an ICC of 0.379. The results from this test-retest analysis showed that all parameters except the TTP were highly reliable in a 3-min all-out exercise test on an arm crank ergometer in able-bodied participants.
Collapse
|
40
|
Bariatric Surgery Induces Disruption in Inflammatory Signaling Pathways Mediated by Immune Cells in Adipose Tissue: A RNA-Seq Study. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0125718. [PMID: 25938420 PMCID: PMC4418598 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0125718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Bariatric surgery is associated to improvements in obesity-associated comorbidities thought to be mediated by a decrease of adipose inflammation. However, the molecular mechanisms behind these beneficial effects are poorly understood. Methodology/Principal Findings We analyzed RNA-seq expression profiles in adipose tissue from 22 obese women before and 3 months after surgery. Of 15,972 detected genes, 1214 were differentially expressed after surgery at a 5% false discovery rate. Upregulated genes were mostly involved in the basal cellular machinery. Downregulated genes were enriched in metabolic functions of adipose tissue. At baseline, 26 modules of coexpressed genes were identified. The four most stable modules reflected the innate and adaptive immune responses of adipose tissue. A first module reflecting a non-specific signature of innate immune cells, mainly macrophages, was highly conserved after surgery with the exception of DUSP2 and CD300C. A second module reflected the adaptive immune response elicited by T lymphocytes; after surgery, a disconnection was observed between genes involved in T-cell signaling and mediators of the signal transduction such as CXCR1, CXCR2, GPR97, CCR7 and IL7R. A third module reflected neutrophil-mediated inflammation; after surgery, several genes were dissociated from the module, including S100A8, S100A12, CD300E, VNN2, TUBB1 and FAM65B. We also identified a dense network of 19 genes involved in the interferon-signaling pathway which was strongly preserved after surgery, with the exception of DDX60, an antiviral factor involved in RIG-I-mediated interferon signaling. A similar loss of connection was observed in lean mice compared to their obese counterparts. Conclusions/Significance These results suggest that improvements of the inflammatory state following surgery might be explained by a disruption of immuno-inflammatory cascades involving a few crucial molecules which could serve as potential therapeutic targets.
Collapse
|
41
|
PLA2G10
Gene Variants, sPLA2 Activity, and Coronary Heart Disease Risk. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 8:356-62. [DOI: 10.1161/circgenetics.114.000633] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Background—
Observational studies report that secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2) activity is a marker for coronary heart disease (CHD) risk, and activity measures are thought to represent the composite activity of sPLA2-IIA, -V, and -X. The aim of this study was to use genetic variants of
PLA2G10
, encoding sPLA2-X, to investigate the contribution of sPLA2-X to the measure of sPLA2 activity and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk traits and outcome.
Methods and Results—
Three
PLA2G10
tagging single-nucleotide polymorphisms (rs72546339, rs72546340, and rs4003232) and a previously studied
PLA2G10
coding single-nucleotide polymorphism rs4003228, R38C, were genotyped in a nested case: control cohort drawn from the prospective EPIC-Norfolk Study (2175 cases and 2175 controls). Meta-analysis of rs4003228 (R38C) and CHD was performed using data from the Northwick Park Heart Study II and 2 published cohorts AtheroGene and SIPLAC, providing in total an additional 1884 cases and 3119 controls. EPIC-Norfolk subjects in the highest tertile of sPLA2 activity were older and had higher inflammatory markers compared with those in the lowest tertile for sPLA2 activity. None of the
PLA2G10
tagging single-nucleotide polymorphism nor R38C, a functional variant, were significantly associated with sPLA2 activity, intermediate CHD risk traits, or CHD risk. In meta-analysis, the summary odds ratio for R38C was odds ratio=0.97 (95% confidence interval, 0.77–1.22).
Conclusions—
PLA2G10
variants are not significantly associated with plasma sPLA2 activity or with CHD risk.
Collapse
|
42
|
Early symptoms and long-term clinical outcomes of distal limb's cutaneous arterio-venous malformations: a retrospective multicentre study of 19 adult patients. J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2015; 30:36-40. [PMID: 25631621 DOI: 10.1111/jdv.12961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cutaneous arterio-venous malformations (AVM) are high-flow vascular malformations made up of a direct link between arteries and veins without intermediary capillary space. 'Distal limb's AVM', which mean involving hands or feet, are rare and their functional prognosis is often poor. Little is known about their early clinical symptoms. The objectives of this study were to identify early clinical symptoms of distal limb's cutaneous AVMs and to determine their long-term clinical outcome. METHODS A retrospective study was carried out including adult patients who had distal limb's AVM, who were followed up between January 2000 and November 2013 in two regional tertiary care centres. The information was collected from patients' clinical records and completed by a structured telephone questionnaire. RESULTS Nineteen patients were included in the study: four (21%) with foot AVM and 15 (79%) with hand AVM. The first clinical symptoms were as follows: swelling (47%), pain (47%), one or several venous dilatations (37%) and rarely abnormal skin colour, hyperthermia and pulsating sensation. The median diagnosis delay was 9 years after the onset of first manifestations. Amongst the 17 patients who underwent a treatment, 53% had embolotherapy session(s), 12% surgery and 35% had both. After an average follow-up of 57.6 months, 31% of the 13 patients contacted who were receiving treatment were in complete remission; 31% had partial remission; 15% had relapse after initial improvement and 23% had treatment failure. Overall, 74% of patients had a serious development of the AVM: 37% had digital or hand amputation, and 42% remained symptomatic and/or unstable. CONCLUSION This study suggests that initial manifestations of distal limb's AVMs are discreet and non-specific, leading to a diagnosis delay of about 10 years, with poor prognosis. Doctors should evoke the diagnosis earlier, when these symptoms are shown: pain and/or swelling, sometimes with a large vein.
Collapse
|
43
|
P259: Étude FNOP – Recherche de facteurs de risque nutritionnels en onco-hématologie pédiatrique. NUTR CLIN METAB 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0985-0562(14)70901-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
|
44
|
Signes cliniques précoces et pronostic à long terme des malformations artério-veineuses cutanées distales de membre : étude rétrospective multicentrique de 19 patients. Ann Dermatol Venereol 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2014.09.164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
|
45
|
Pro Claims In Orphan Medicines Approved By the European Medicines Agency (Ema) for the Treatment of Lymphoproliferative Disorders. VALUE IN HEALTH : THE JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL SOCIETY FOR PHARMACOECONOMICS AND OUTCOMES RESEARCH 2014; 17:A536. [PMID: 27201714 DOI: 10.1016/j.jval.2014.08.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
|
46
|
Enquête de séroprévalence de la toxoplasmose animale au Sénégal. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 108:73-7. [DOI: 10.1007/s13149-014-0403-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Accepted: 07/22/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
|
47
|
A novel LKB1 isoform enhances AMPK metabolic activity and displays oncogenic properties. Oncogene 2014; 34:2337-46. [PMID: 24998845 DOI: 10.1038/onc.2014.182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2013] [Revised: 04/28/2014] [Accepted: 05/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The LKB1 tumor suppressor gene encodes a master kinase that coordinates the regulation of energetic metabolism and cell polarity. We now report the identification of a novel isoform of LKB1 (named ΔN-LKB1) that is generated through alternative transcription and internal initiation of translation of the LKB1 mRNA. The ΔN-LKB1 protein lacks the N-terminal region and a portion of the kinase domain. Although ΔN-LKB1 is catalytically inactive, it potentiates the stimulating effect of LKB1 on the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) metabolic sensor through a direct interaction with the regulatory autoinhibitory domain of AMPK. In contrast, ΔN-LKB1 negatively interferes with the LKB1 polarizing activity. Finally, combining in vitro and in vivo approaches, we showed that ΔN-LKB1 has an intrinsic oncogenic property. ΔN-LKB1 is expressed solely in the lung cancer cell line, NCI-H460. Silencing of ΔN-LKB1 decreased the survival of NCI-H460 cells and inhibited their tumorigenicity when engrafted in nude mice. In conclusion, we have identified a novel LKB1 isoform that enhances the LKB1-controlled AMPK metabolic activity but inhibits LKB1-induced polarizing activity. Both the LKB1 tumor suppressor gene and the oncogene ΔN-LKB1 are expressed from the same locus and this may account for some of the paradoxical effects of LKB1 during tumorigenesis.
Collapse
|
48
|
First case of a human RASGRP2mutation affecting Rap1 activation in platelets and causing severe bleeding. J Biophys Biochem Cytol 2014. [DOI: 10.1083/jcb.2061oia111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
|
49
|
Human CalDAG-GEFI gene (RASGRP2) mutation affects platelet function and causes severe bleeding. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2014; 211:1349-62. [PMID: 24958846 PMCID: PMC4076591 DOI: 10.1084/jem.20130477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
First case of a human RASGRP2 mutation affecting Rap1 activation in platelets and causing severe bleeding. The nature of an inherited platelet disorder was investigated in three siblings affected by severe bleeding. Using whole-exome sequencing, we identified the culprit mutation (cG742T) in the RAS guanyl-releasing protein-2 (RASGRP2) gene coding for calcium- and DAG-regulated guanine exchange factor-1 (CalDAG-GEFI). Platelets from individuals carrying the mutation present a reduced ability to activate Rap1 and to perform proper αIIbβ3 integrin inside-out signaling. Expression of CalDAG-GEFI mutant in HEK293T cells abolished Rap1 activation upon stimulation. Nevertheless, the PKC- and ADP-dependent pathways allow residual platelet activation in the absence of functional CalDAG-GEFI. The mutation impairs the platelet’s ability to form thrombi under flow and spread normally as a consequence of reduced Rac1 GTP-binding. Functional deficiencies were confined to platelets and megakaryocytes with no leukocyte alteration. This contrasts with the phenotype seen in type III leukocyte adhesion deficiency caused by the absence of kindlin-3. Heterozygous did not suffer from bleeding and have normal platelet aggregation; however, their platelets mimicked homozygous ones by failing to undergo normal adhesion under flow and spreading. Rescue experiments on cultured patient megakaryocytes corrected the functional deficiency after transfection with wild-type RASGRP2. Remarkably, the presence of a single normal allele is sufficient to prevent bleeding, making CalDAG-GEFI a novel and potentially safe therapeutic target to prevent thrombosis.
Collapse
|
50
|
[Bilateral pneumothorax, cervicofacial and mediastinal emphysema after surgical tracheostomy]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013; 32:718-20. [PMID: 24035217 DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2013.07.815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2013] [Accepted: 07/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Tracheotomy is a surgical procedure for various indications, such as ventilator dependence and airway obstruction. Reported rates in the literature of complications of tracheostomy vary widely. We report an unusual presentation of serious complication after surgical tracheostomy. The correct timing of tracheostomy is still controversial in the literature. A 74-year-old male had emergency surgical tracheostomy under general anesthesia. At the end of the procedure, in recovery room, he developed subcutaneous emphysema of the eyes. There was no pneumothorax seen on chest X-ray. Bronchoscopic examination through the tracheostomy tube showed no evidence of damage to the posterior tracheal wall. Three hours later patient had difficulty breathing requiring sedation with respiratory assistance. X-ray of the chest at this stage showed a right pneumothorax and extensive subcutaneous emphysema of the chest wall. Pneumothorax was managed using a chest tube. Two days after, a control CT scan of the chest showed a left pneumothorax and pneumomediastinum. The pneumothorax was managed using a chest tube. Bronchoscopic examination showed no obvious lesion in the tracheobronchial tree. The patient was treated successfully with supportive care and large doses of antibiotic to prevent mediastinitis. Seven days later, recovery was rapid and complete and CT scan of the chest was completely normal. The patient was discharged from the hospital on the 13th postoperative day. This case illustrates that complications occurring after surgical tracheostomy could be dramatic. Management of tracheotomy is important to prevent complications. There is still debate on optimal timing of tracheotomy. The last three trials have shown no interest to perform an early tracheotomy, neither in terms of vital prognosis nor in terms of the duration of mechanical ventilation.
Collapse
|