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Nozais C, Vincent WF, Belzile C, Gosselin M, Blais MA, Canário J, Archambault P. The Great Whale River ecosystem: ecology of a subarctic river and its receiving waters in coastal Hudson Bay, Canada. Écoscience 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2021.1926137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian Nozais
- Québec-Océan & Département de Biologie, Chimie et Géographie, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, Canada
| | - Warwick F. Vincent
- Centre d’études Nordiques (CEN) & Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - Claude Belzile
- Québec-Océan & Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, Canada
| | - Michel Gosselin
- Québec-Océan & Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec À Rimouski, Rimouski, Canada
| | - Marie-Amélie Blais
- Centre d’études Nordiques (CEN) & Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
| | - João Canário
- Centro de Química Estrututal, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal
| | - Philippe Archambault
- ArcticNet, Québec-Océan & Département de Biologie, Université Laval, Québec, Canada
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2
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Pichaud N, Bérubé R, Côté G, Belzile C, Dufresne F, Morrow G, Tanguay RM, Rand DM, Blier PU. Age Dependent Dysfunction of Mitochondrial and ROS Metabolism Induced by Mitonuclear Mismatch. Front Genet 2019; 10:130. [PMID: 30842791 PMCID: PMC6391849 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2019.00130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Accepted: 02/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial and nuclear genomes have to coevolve to ensure the proper functioning of the different mitochondrial complexes that are assembled from peptides encoded by both genomes. Mismatch between these genomes is believed to be strongly selected against due to the consequent impairments of mitochondrial functions and induction of oxidative stress. Here, we used a Drosophila model harboring an incompatibility between a mitochondrial tRNAtyr and its nuclear-encoded mitochondrial tyrosine synthetase to assess the cellular mechanisms affected by this incompatibility and to test the relative contribution of mitonuclear interactions and aging on the expression of impaired phenotypes. Our results show that the mitochondrial tRNA mutation caused a decrease in mitochondrial oxygen consumption in the incompatible nuclear background but no effect with the compatible nuclear background. Mitochondrial DNA copy number increased in the incompatible genotype but that increase failed to rescue mitochondrial functions. The flies harboring mismatch between nuclear and mitochondrial genomes had almost three times the relative mtDNA copy number and fifty percent higher rate of hydrogen peroxide production compared to other genome combinations at 25 days of age. We also found that aging exacerbated the mitochondrial dysfunctions. Our results reveal the tight interactions linking mitonuclear mismatch to mitochondrial dysfunction, mitochondrial DNA regulation, ROS production and aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Pichaud
- Laboratory of Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, NB, Canada
| | - Roxanne Bérubé
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale Intégrative, Département de Biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Geneviève Côté
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale Intégrative, Département de Biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Claude Belzile
- Institut des Sciences de la mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - France Dufresne
- Laboratoire d'Écologie Moléculaire, Département de Biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
| | - Geneviève Morrow
- Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire et Développementale, Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - Robert M Tanguay
- Laboratoire de Génétique Cellulaire et Développementale, Département de Biologie Moléculaire, Biochimie Médicale et Pathologie, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada
| | - David M Rand
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Pierre U Blier
- Laboratoire de Physiologie Animale Intégrative, Département de Biologie, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada
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Zuykov M, Pelletier E, Belzile C, Demers S. Alteration of shell nacre micromorphology in blue mussel Mytilus edulis after exposure to free-ionic silver and silver nanoparticles. Chemosphere 2011; 84:701-706. [PMID: 21459411 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2011.03.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2011] [Revised: 03/04/2011] [Accepted: 03/14/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the morphology of inner shell surface (ISS) of the blue mussel Mytilus edulis Linnaeus after short-term exposures to radiolabeled silver in free-ionic ((110m)Ag(+)) and engineered nanoparticulate ((110m)AgNPs, <40 nm) phases. Radiolabeled silver in starting solutions was used in a similar low concentration (∼15 Bq mL(-1)) for both treatments. After exposure experiments radiolabeled silver was leached from the ISS using HCl. It concentration for shells from both treatments was ∼0.5 Bq mL(-1). Whole ISS of young individuals and prismatic layer of adults showed no evidence of any major alteration process after silver uptake. However, the nacre portion of adult mussels exposed to both treatments revealed distinct doughnut shape structures (DSS) formed by calcium carbonate micrograins that covered the surface of aragonite tablets. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) imaging revealed the existence of only minor differences in DSS morphology between mussels exposed to Ag(+) and AgNPs. From literature survey, DSS were also found in bivalves exposed to Cd(2+). The DSS occurring in a specimen of a field-collected bivalve is also shown. Formation of distinctive DSS can be explained by a disturbance of the shell calcification mechanism. Although the occurrence of DSS is not exclusively associated with metal bioavailability to the mussels, the morphology of DSS seems to be linked to the speciation of the metal used in the uptake experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael Zuykov
- Institut des Sciences de la mer de Rimouski (ISMER), Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, QC, Canada.
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Díaz S, Camilión C, Escobar J, Deferrari G, Roy S, Lacoste K, Demers S, Belzile C, Ferreyra G, Gianesella S, Gosselin M, Nozais C, Pelletier E, Schloss I, Vernet M. Simulation of Ozone Depletion Using Ambient Irradiance Supplemented with UV Lamps. Photochem Photobiol 2006; 82:857-64. [PMID: 17205620 DOI: 10.1562/2005-09-28-ra-700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In studies of the biological effects of UV radiation, ozone depletion can be mimicked by performing the study under ambient conditions and adding radiation with UV-B lamps. We evaluated this methodology at three different locations along a latitudinal gradient: Rimouski (Canada), Ubatuba (Brazil) and Ushuaia (Argentina). Experiments of the effect of potential ozone depletion on marine ecosystems were carried out in large outdoor enclosures (mesocosms). In all locations we simulated irradiances corresponding to 60% ozone depletion, which may produce a 130-1900% increase in 305 nm irradiance at noon, depending on site and season. Supplementation with a fixed percentage of ambient irradiance provides a better simulation of irradiance increase due to ozone depletion than supplementation with a fixed irradiance value, particularly near sunrise and sunset or under cloudy skies. Calculations performed for Ushuaia showed that, on very cloudy days, supplementation by the square-wave method may produce unrealistic irradiances. Differences between the spectra of the calculated supplementing irradiance and the lamp for a given site and date will be a function of the time of day and may become more or less pronounced according to the biological weighting function of the effect under study.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Díaz
- CADIC/CONICET, Tierra del Fuego, Argentina.
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Belzile C, Demers S, Ferreyra GA, Schloss I, Nozais C, Lacoste K, Mostajir B, Roy S, Gosselin M, Pelletier E, Gianesella SMF, Vernet M. UV Effects on Marine Planktonic Food Webs: A Synthesis of Results from Mesocosm Studies. Photochem Photobiol 2006; 82:850-6. [PMID: 16555926 DOI: 10.1562/2005-09-27-ra-699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UV irradiance has a broad range of effects on marine planktonic organisms. Direct and indirect effects on individual organisms have complex impacts on food-web structure and dynamics, with implications for carbon and nutrient cycling. Mesocosm experiments are well suited for the study of such complex interrelationships. Mesocosms offer the possibility to conduct well-controlled experiments with intact planktonic communities in physical, chemical and light conditions mimicking those of the natural environment. In allowing the manipulation of UV intensities and light spectral composition, the experimental mesocosm approach has proven to be especially useful in assessing the impacts at the community level. This review of mesocosm studies shows that, although a UV increase even well above natural intensities often has subtle effects on bulk biomass (carbon and chlorophyll), it can significantly impact the food-web structure because of different sensitivity to UV among planktonic organisms. Given the complexity of UV impacts, as evidenced by results of mesocosm studies, interactions between UV and changing environmental conditions (e.g. eutrophication and climate change) are likely to have significant effects on the function of marine ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claude Belzile
- Institut des Sciences de la Mer de Rimouski, Université du Québec à Rimouski, Canada.
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Fauchot J, Gosselin M, Levasseur M, Mostajir B, Belzile C, Demers S, Roy S, Villegas PZ. INFLUENCE OF UV-B RADIATION ON NITROGEN UTILIZATION BY A NATURAL ASSEMBLAGE OF PHYTOPLANKTON. J Phycol 2000; 36:484-496. [PMID: 29544011 DOI: 10.1046/j.1529-8817.2000.99011.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
A 7-day mesocosm experiment was conducted in July 1996 to investigate the effects of ambient UV-B radiation (UVBR) exclusion and two UVBR enhancements above ambient levels on NO3- , NH4+ and urea utilization in a natural plankton community (<240 μm) from the Lower St. Lawrence Estuary. The phytoplankton community was dominated by diatoms during the first 3 days and, afterward, by flagellates and dinoflagellates. The results of 4-h incubations just below the water surface show that, compared with ambient UVBR conditions, UVBR exclusion generally increased NO3- , NH4+ , and urea uptakes. During the last 4 days of the experiment, the percent increase in the specific uptake rate of urea under excluded UVBR conditions varied between 17% and 130% and was a linear function of the ambient UVBR dose removed. During the first 3 days, the phytoplankton community dominated by diatoms was able to withstand UVBR enhancements without any perceptible effect on nitrogen uptake. However, during the post-diatom bloom period, UVBR enhancements resulted in decreases in NO3- , NH4+ , and urea uptake compared with ambient UVBR conditions. The reduction of urea uptake under UVBR enhancements during the last 3 days varied between 23% and 64% and was linearly related to the enhanced UVBR dose. However, the different UVBR treatments did not affect the internal organic nitrogen composition (internal urea, free amino acids, and proteins) of the phytoplankton community experiencing vertical mixing in the mesocosms. The discrepancy between short-term uptake measurements at the surface and long-term effects in the mesocosms emphasizes the importance of vertical mixing on UVBR effects in natural ecosystems. This suggests that an increase in ambient UVBR would have a minimal effect on nitrogen utilization by natural phytoplankton assemblages if these are vertically mixed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juliette Fauchot
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 CanadaInstitut Maurice Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4 CanadaInstitut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada
| | - Michel Gosselin
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 CanadaInstitut Maurice Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4 CanadaInstitut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada
| | - Maurice Levasseur
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 CanadaInstitut Maurice Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4 CanadaInstitut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada
| | - Behzad Mostajir
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 CanadaInstitut Maurice Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4 CanadaInstitut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada
| | - Claude Belzile
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 CanadaInstitut Maurice Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4 CanadaInstitut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada
| | - Serge Demers
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 CanadaInstitut Maurice Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4 CanadaInstitut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada
| | - Suzanne Roy
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 CanadaInstitut Maurice Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4 CanadaInstitut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada
| | - Piedad Zulema Villegas
- Institut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 CanadaInstitut Maurice Lamontagne, Ministère des Pêches et des Océans, C.P. 1000, Mont-Joli, Québec, G5H 3Z4 CanadaInstitut des sciences de la mer, Université du Québec à Rimouski, 310 Allée des Ursulines, Rimouski, Québec, G5L 3A1 Canada
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