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Fernández Colomer B, Sánchez-Luna M, de Alba Romero C, Alarcón A, Baña Souto A, Camba Longueira F, Cernada M, Galve Pradell Z, González López M, López Herrera MC, Ribes Bautista C, Sánchez García L, Zamora Flores E, Pellicer A, Alonso Díaz C, Herraiz Perea C, Romero Ramírez DS, de Las Cuevas Terán I, Pescador Chamorro I, Fernández Trisac JL, Arruza Gómez L, Cardo Fernández LM, García García MJ, Nicolás López M, Hortelano López M, Riaza Gómez M, Hernández González N, González Sánchez R, Zambudio Sert S, Larrosa Capacés S, Matías Del Pozo V. Neonatal Infection Due to SARS-CoV-2: An Epidemiological Study in Spain. Front Pediatr 2020; 8:580584. [PMID: 33194912 PMCID: PMC7644848 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2020.580584] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) cases caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) continue to increase worldwide. Although some data from pediatric series are available, more evidence is required, especially in neonates, a group with specific characteristics that deserve special attention. This study aimed to describe general and clinical characteristics, management, and treatment of postnatal-acquired (community and nosocomial/hospital-acquired) COVID-19 neonatal cases in Spain. Methods: This was a national prospective epidemiological study that included cases from a National Registry supported by the Spanish Society of Neonatology. Neonates with postnatal SARS-CoV-2 infection were included in this study. General data and infection-related information (mode and source of transmission, age at diagnosis, clinical manifestations, need for hospitalization, admission unit, treatment administered, and complementary studies performed, hospital stay associated with the infection) were collected. Results: A total of 40 cases, 26 community-acquired and 14 nosocomial were registered. Ten were preterm newborns (2 community-acquired and 8 nosocomial COVID-19 cases). Mothers (in both groups) and healthcare workers (in nosocomial cases) were the main source of infection. Hospital admission was required in 22 community-acquired cases [18 admitted to the neonatal intermediate care unit (NIMCU) and 4 to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU)]. Among nosocomial COVID-19 cases (n = 14), previously admitted for other reasons, 4 were admitted to the NIMCU and 10 to the NICU. Ten asymptomatic patients were registered (5 in each group). In the remaining cases, clinical manifestations were generally mild in both groups, including upper respiratory airways infection, febrile syndrome or acute gastroenteritis with good overall health. In both groups, most severe cases occurred in preterm neonates or neonates with concomitant pathologies. Most of the cases did not require respiratory support. Hydroxychloroquine was administered to 4 patients in the community-acquired group and to 2 patients in the nosocomial group. Follow-up after hospital discharge was performed in most patients. Conclusions: This is the largest series of COVID-19 neonatal cases in Spain published to date. Although clinical manifestations were generally mild, prevention, treatment, and management in this group are essential.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Manuel Sánchez-Luna
- Neonatology Department, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.,Division of Neonatology, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Ana Alarcón
- Department of Neonatology, Sant Joan de Déu University Hospital, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Baña Souto
- Department of Neonatology, Clinical Hospital de Santiago, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | | | - María Cernada
- Division of Neonatology, La Fe University and Polytechnic Hospital, Valencia, Spain
| | | | - María González López
- Department of Neonatology, Regional de Málaga University Hospital, Málaga, Spain
| | | | | | | | - Elena Zamora Flores
- Division of Neonatology, Gregorio Marañón University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Adelina Pellicer
- Department of Neonatology, La Paz University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | - Clara Alonso Díaz
- Department of Neonatology, 12 de Octubre University Hospital, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Luis Arruza Gómez
- Department of Neonatology, Clinical Hospital San Carlos, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Marta Nicolás López
- Department of Neonatology, Germans Trias i Pujol University Hospital, Badalona, Spain
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