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Mohammed M, Barua D, Afunugo C, Branch LA, Mader EC. Neurosarcoidosis of the upper cord and lower brainstem with rapid disease progression and dramatic response to prednisone. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00593-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Afunugo C, Barua D, Mohammed M, Mader E. Supratentorial and infratentorial lesions in progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy: Are they connected? Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00713-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Barua D, Mader E, Goyne C. Diabetic striatopathy: easily missed and poorly understood. Am J Med Sci 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/s0002-9629(23)00707-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
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Ganguly S, Barua D. Inter-morph pollen flow and reproductive success in a self-compatible species with stigma-height dimorphism: the influence of herkogamy and reciprocity. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2021; 23:939-946. [PMID: 34396659 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2021] [Accepted: 06/07/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Inter-morph pollen transfer and its dependence on herkogamy and reciprocity are not completely understood in species with stigma-height dimorphism. We asked whether total stigmatic pollen loads, inter-morph fraction of pollen load and reproductive success differed between morphs in Jasminum malabaricum, a species exhibiting stigma-height dimorphism. We tested whether higher herkogamy and reciprocity resulted in higher inter-morph pollen deposition and reproductive success. We quantified individual-level estimates of herkogamy, reciprocity, total stigmatic pollen load, inter-morph stigmatic pollen fraction and fruit set for both morphs in naturally occurring populations of J. malabaricum. Total pollen load was higher in the long-styled morph, inter-morph pollen fraction was higher in the short-styled morph, but fruit set did not differ between morphs. Higher herkogamy resulted in a higher inter-morph fraction of pollen load and fruit set in the long-styled morph of one population. In the other population, only reciprocity was found to be related to inter-morph pollen deposition. This study is the first to quantify and report natural inter-morph stigmatic pollen load in a species with stigma-height dimorphism. Morph-specific differences in pollen load were similar to patterns commonly observed in heterostylous species. The results highlight the importance of both herkogamy and reciprocity in facilitating inter-morph pollen transfer. Population-specific patterns indicate that local environmental factors determine the relative functional importance of herkogamy and reciprocity.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ganguly
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - D Barua
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
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Ganguly S, Barua D. High herkogamy but low reciprocity characterizes isoplethic populations of Jasminum malabaricum, a species with stigma-height dimorphism. Plant Biol (Stuttg) 2020; 22:899-909. [PMID: 32352185 DOI: 10.1111/plb.13127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Studies of floral polymorphisms have focused on heterostyly, while stigma-height dimorphism has received considerably less attention. Few studies have examined the reproductive biology of species with stigma-height dimorphism to understand how factors influencing mate availability and pollen transfer are related to morph ratios in populations. Floral morphological traits, especially herkogamy and reciprocity, pollinator visitation, breeding system and spatiotemporal mate availability, are known to affect inter-morph pollination and morph ratios in species with stigma-height dimorphism. In this study, we investigated the presence of stigma-height dimorphism and estimated morph ratios in four naturally occurring populations of Jasminum malabaricum. We quantified morph- and population-specific differences in the abovementioned factors in these populations to understand the observed morph ratios. The positions of anthers and stigmas were characteristic of stigma-height dimorphism, the first report of this polymorphism in the genus. All study populations were isoplethic, implying equal fitness of both morphs. Herkogamy was higher in the short-styled morph, while reciprocity was higher between the long-styled stigma and short-styled anthers. Long- and short-tongued pollinators were common floral visitors, and we observed no differences between morphs in spatiotemporal mate availability or pollinator visitation. Neither morph exhibited self- or heteromorphic incompatibility. The short-styled stigma had lower reciprocity but likely receives sufficient inter-morph pollen from long-tongued pollinators, and also by avoiding self-pollination due to higher herkogamy. These results highlight the importance of sufficient effective pollinators and floral morphological features, particularly herkogamy, in maintaining isoplethy in species with stigma-height dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Ganguly
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
| | - D Barua
- Department of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune, India
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Questa K, Das M, King R, Everitt M, Rassi C, Cartwright C, Ferdous T, Barua D, Putnis N, Snell AC, Huque R, Newell J, Elsey H. Community engagement interventions for communicable disease control in low- and lower- middle-income countries: evidence from a review of systematic reviews. Int J Equity Health 2020; 19:51. [PMID: 32252778 PMCID: PMC7137248 DOI: 10.1186/s12939-020-01169-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 03/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Community engagement (CE) interventions include a range of approaches to involve communities in the improvement of their health and wellbeing. Working with communities defined by location or some other shared interest, these interventions may be important in assisting equity and reach of communicable disease control (CDC) in low and lower-middle income countries (LLMIC). We conducted an umbrella review to identify approaches to CE in communicable disease control, effectiveness of these approaches, mechanisms and factors influencing success. Methods We included systematic reviews that: i) focussed on CE interventions; ii) involved adult community members; iii) included outcomes relevant to communicable diseases in LLMIC; iv) were written in English. Quantitative results were extracted and synthesised narratively. A qualitative synthesis process enabled identification of mechanisms of effect and influencing factors. We followed guidance from the Joanna Briggs Institute, assessed quality with the DARE tool and reported according to standard systematic review methodology. Results Thirteen systematic reviews of medium-to-high quality were identified between June and July 2017. Reviews covered the following outcomes: HIV and STIs (6); malaria (2); TB (1); child and maternal health (3) and mixed (1). Approaches included: CE through peer education and community health workers, community empowerment interventions and more general community participation or mobilisation. Techniques included sensitisation with the community and involvement in the identification of resources, intervention development and delivery. Evidence of effectiveness of CE on health outcomes was mixed and quality of primary studies variable. We found: i) significantly reduced neonatal mortality following women’s participatory learning and action groups; ii) significant reductions in HIV and other STIs with empowerment and mobilisation interventions with marginalised groups; iii) significant reductions in malaria incidence or prevalence in a small number of primary studies; iv) significant reductions in infant diarrhoea following community health worker interventions. Mechanisms of impact commonly occurred through social and behavioural processes, particularly: changing social norms, increasing social cohesion and social capacity. Factors influencing effectiveness of CE interventions included extent of population coverage, shared leadership and community control over outcomes. Conclusion Community engagement interventions may be effective in supporting CDC in LLMIC. Careful design of CE interventions appropriate to context, disease and community is vital.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Questa
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Room 1029, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - M Das
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Room 1029, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - R King
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Room 1029, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK.
| | - M Everitt
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Room 1029, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - C Rassi
- Malaria Consortium, London, UK
| | - C Cartwright
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Room 1029, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | | | - D Barua
- ARK Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - N Putnis
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Room 1029, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - A C Snell
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Room 1029, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - R Huque
- ARK Foundation, Dhaka, Bangladesh
| | - J Newell
- Nuffield Centre for International Health and Development, University of Leeds, Room 1029, Level 10, Worsley Building, Leeds, LS2 9NL, UK
| | - H Elsey
- University of York, York, UK
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Hossain MM, Arabkari V, Barua D, Gupta A, Islam MN, Gupta S. Abstract P5-07-14: miR-17-92 cluster, an oncogenic microRNA cluster acts as a context dependent tumour suppressor in breast cancer. Cancer Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.sabcs17-p5-07-14] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: The miR-17-92 is an oncogenic miRNA cluster that generate six mature miRNAs: miR-17, miR-18a, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-19b-1, and miR-92-1. Accumulating evidences indicate the oncogenic role of the miR-17-92 cluster in human cancers. Amplification of 13q31-q32, which is the locus of the miR-17-92 cluster, have been reported in haematopoietic malignancies, such as B cell lymphoma. In contrast, MIR17HG was deleted in 21.9% of breast cancers and loss of heterozygosity at 13q12-q13 was associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer. This oncogenic miRNA cluster is deferentially expressed in various cancer. Since, miR-17-92 cluster shows differential expression among the cancers types, it is hypothesized that biological function may also vary depending on the context. Indeed, this cluster has been shown to act a tumour suppressor in some cancers. However, the functional role of this cluster in the subtypes of breast cancer remains largely unknown.
Methods: The oncomine datasets were analysed for expression of MIR17HG in breast cancer at parameters p-value threshold of 0.01 with minimum 2-fold change. We generated stable sub-clones of MCF7, T47D, SKBR3 and MDA-MB231 cells overexpressing miR-17-92 cluster by transducing with lentivirus expressing miR-17-92. Proliferation was assessed by MTS assay and colony forming assay. Cell migration was tested using scratch method. Invasion potentiality was monitored by using matrigel Boyden chamber invasion assay. For drug response analysis, control and microRNA overexpressing sub-clones were exposed to different chemotherapeutic agents at different concentrations followed by MTS assay at different time intervals. Association of miRNAs belonging to miR-17-92 with outcome in breast cancer was determined by Kaplan-Meier analysis on METABRIC dataset.
Results: We observed that expression of MIR17HG was increased in tissues and cell lines from triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) but decreased in the tissues and cell lines from the estrogen receptor (ER)-positive breast cancer. Our results showed that ectopic expression of miR-17-92 cluster significantly suppressed cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion of ER-positive (MCF7, T47D) and HER2-enriched (SKBR3) cells whereas it enhanced cell proliferation, colony formation, migration and invasion in (TNBC) MDA-MB 231 cells. Further, we found that expression of miR-17-92 cluster sensitized MCF7 cells whereas it rendered SKBR3 cells resistant to chemotherapeutic compounds. Higher expression of five miRNAs of this cluster was associated with better relapse free survival (RFS) in (miR-17, miR-19a, miR-20a, miR-19b and miR-92) Luminal A subtype whereas three miRNAs of this cluster were associated with poor RFS in (miR-17, miR-18a and miR-92) HER2-enriched and (miR-17, miR-19b and miR-92) TNBC subtypes.
Conclusions: Taken together our results suggest that miR-17-92 cluster acts as a tumour suppressor in ER-positive and HER2-enriched breast cancer cells but shows oncogenic role in TNBC. Our observations underscore the functional complexity of miR-17-92 in a context-dependent and cell type-dependent manner, and more investigations are warranted to fully explore the functional complexity of miR-17-92 in subtypes of breast cancer.
Citation Format: Hossain MM, Arabkari V, Barua D, Gupta A, Islam MN, Gupta S. miR-17-92 cluster, an oncogenic microRNA cluster acts as a context dependent tumour suppressor in breast cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the 2017 San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium; 2017 Dec 5-9; San Antonio, TX. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2018;78(4 Suppl):Abstract nr P5-07-14.
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Affiliation(s)
- MM Hossain
- Lambe Instititite for Translational Research, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - V Arabkari
- Lambe Instititite for Translational Research, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - D Barua
- Lambe Instititite for Translational Research, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - A Gupta
- Lambe Instititite for Translational Research, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - MN Islam
- Lambe Instititite for Translational Research, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
| | - S Gupta
- Lambe Instititite for Translational Research, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland; The Regenerative Medicine Institute (REMEDI), School of Medicine, National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG), Galway, Ireland
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Affiliation(s)
- D Barua
- World Health Organization, Bacterial Diseases, Division of Communicable Diseases, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland
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Noman AS, Uddin M, Rahman MZ, Nayeem MJ, Alam SS, Khatun Z, Wahiduzzaman M, Sultana A, Rahman ML, Ali MY, Barua D, Ahmed I, Islam MS, Aboussekhra A, Yeger H, Farhat WA, Islam SS. Overexpression of sonic hedgehog in the triple negative breast cancer: clinicopathological characteristics of high burden breast cancer patients from Bangladesh. Sci Rep 2016; 6:18830. [PMID: 26727947 PMCID: PMC4700415 DOI: 10.1038/srep18830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Dysregulation of Hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway has been documented in mammary gland development and breast cancer (BC) progression. Despite the remarkable progress in therapeutic interventions, BC related mortality in Bangladesh increased in the last decade. Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) still presents a critical therapeutic challenge. Thus effective targeted therapy is urgently needed. In this study, we report the clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of BC patients from Bangladesh. Routine immunohistochemical analysis and high throughput RNA-Seq data from the TCGA library were used to analyze the expression pattern and association of high and low level of Shh expression in a collection of BC patients with a long-term follow-up. High levels of Shh were observed in a subset of BC tumors with poor prognostic pathological features. Higher level of Shh expression correlated with a significantly poorer overall survival of patients compared with patients whose tumors expressed a low level of Shh. These data support the contention that Shh could be a novel biomarker for breast cancer that is involved in mediating the aggressive phenotype of BC. We propose that BC patients exhibiting a higher level of Shh expression, representing a subset of BC patients, would be amenable to Shh targeted therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Noman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M Uddin
- The Centre for Applied Genomics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - M Z Rahman
- Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M J Nayeem
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - S S Alam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - Z Khatun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M Wahiduzzaman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - A Sultana
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M L Rahman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M Y Ali
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - D Barua
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Chittagong, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - I Ahmed
- Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - M S Islam
- Department of Pathology, Chittagong Medical College Hospital, Chittagong, Bangladesh
| | - A Aboussekhra
- Cancer Biology and Experimental Therapeutic Section, Division of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, KSA
| | - H Yeger
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - W A Farhat
- Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - S S Islam
- Cancer Biology and Experimental Therapeutic Section, Division of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, KSA.,Developmental and Stem Cell Biology, Research Institute, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON, Canada
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Barua D. Application of science in practice by the World Health Organization in Diarrhoeal Diseases Control. J Diarrhoeal Dis Res 1993; 11:193-6. [PMID: 8188989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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Stoll BJ, Svennerholm AM, Gothefors L, Barua D, Huda S, Holmgren J. Local and systemic antibody responses to naturally acquired enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli diarrhea in an endemic area. J Infect Dis 1986; 153:527-34. [PMID: 3512729 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/153.3.527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Fifteen patients hospitalized with acute, watery diarrhea and with enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli (ETEC) detected from stool samples were studied to evaluate the extent to which natural ETEC diarrhea induces local and systemic antibody responses to E. coli heat-labile toxin (LT), homologous lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and colonization factors (CFA/I and CFA/II). Specific IgA and IgG antibodies to LT, CFA I and II, and each patient's homologous LPS were determined by ELISA in serum, saliva, breastmilk, and intestinal lavage fluid. The majority of patients had greater than a twofold rise in local levels of IgA antibodies in the intestine: 80% of LT+ patients responded to LT, 63% of CFA+ patients responded to CFA, and 78% of all toxin-positive patients responded to the LPS of their infecting strain. Local antibody responses in the intestine were associated with responses in breastmilk and saliva, but relationships were not clear-cut, and the usefulness of these secretions as proxy measures of local intestinal antibody production remains unclear. Antibody responses in serum also occurred in most patients and were significantly more frequent in cases than in controls. This study demonstrates that natural ETEC disease results in local IgA responses to LT, CFA, and LPS in the gut and also in immune responses in breastmilk, saliva, and serum.
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Glass RI, Holmgren J, Haley CE, Khan MR, Svennerholm AM, Stoll BJ, Belayet Hossain KM, Black RE, Yunus M, Barua D. Predisposition for cholera of individuals with O blood group. Possible evolutionary significance. Am J Epidemiol 1985; 121:791-6. [PMID: 4014172 DOI: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 194] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
At the Matlab Hospital of the International Centre for Diarrhoeal Disease Research, Bangladesh, the authors examined the blood groups of patients hospitalized between January and September 1979 for diarrheal disease due to a variety of bacterial and viral agents. A significant association was identified only for cholera, in which cholera patients were twice as likely to have blood group O and one-ninth as likely to have blood group AB as community controls. A follow-up study of family contacts of cholera patients, carried out between September 1980 and July 1982, indicated that blood group did not affect an individual's risk of having a culture-proven infection with V. cholerae 01 but was directly related to the severity of disease. Individuals with the most severe diarrhea compared with those with asymptomatic infection were more often of blood group O (68% versus 36%, p less than 0.01) and less often of AB (0% versus 7%, p less than 0.01). It was not possible to identify the molecular basis for this genetically related protection using biologic models of cholera that are currently available. The constant selective pressure of cholera against people of O blood group may account in part for the extremely low prevalence of O group genes and the high prevalence of B group genes found among the people living in the Gangetic Delta.
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Barua D. W.H.O. activities for control of diarrheal disease in developing countries. Indian J Pediatr 1980; 47:259-66. [PMID: 7228223 DOI: 10.1007/bf02831311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Abstract
In the course of studies of immunity to experimental cholera in man, 10(5) or 10(6) Vibrio cholerae were given to 66 college students and other community volunteers under quarantine in an isolation ward. HLA antigen and blood group determinations were carried out to test the hypothesis that severity of clinical cholera is dependent in part upon genetically-determined host susceptibility. Fifty-five volunteers developed diarrhoea; 38 had mild illness and 17 had severe cholera (stool volume greater than or equal to 5.0 litres). HLA antigens were found in similar frequency in volunteers with severe, mild or no diarrhoea; antigen A1, A2, A3 and B7 were most common. Blood group O, however, was found in 64% of persons with severe cholera versus 36-38% of volunteers with mild or absent illness. Thus, while no correlation was found between HLA type and severity of cholera, these results do support the claims of other investigators that blood group O is found more frequently in patients with severe cholera than in the normal population.
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Abstract
The ABO blood group of 87 bacteriologically proven cases of cholera and 33 bacteriologically negative cholera-like diarrhoea cases was determined. When compared with the normal blood group distribution in the population of the Philippines of the same racial group to which the patients belonged, a relatively larger number of cases were found to occur in individuals of group O and a lesser number in those of group A. A plea is made for further studies on these lines to explain the host susceptibility in cholera and other acute enterotoxigenic diarrhoeas.
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Barua D. The global epidemiology of cholera in recent years. Proc R Soc Med 1972; 65:423-8. [PMID: 5083668 PMCID: PMC1643924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Abstract
Yersinia enterocolitica serotype IX has been found to stimulate the production of vibriocidal antibody against Vibrio cholerae, particularly in Inaba serotype, in experimental rabbits and infected man to a significant degree. This activity could be absorbed by both Inaba and Yersinia antigens from anti-yersinia sera, but Yersinia antigen could not absorb vibriocidal activity from the anti-cholera sera, indicating a unilateral relation.Vibrio agglutinating antibody, particularly against Ogawa, in anti-yersinia rabbit or human sera was found to be less liable to non-specific stimulation.V. cholerae, while removing vibriocidal antibody, could not absorb the Yersinia agglutinin from anti-yersinia sera, suggesting that there is a different determinant for these two types of antibody activities.The non-specific production of vibriocidal antibody by Y. enterocolitica type IX indicates the need for caution in the interpretation of the results of vibriocidal tests where such organisms are prevalent.
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Barua D. Cholera vaccination as a tool for cholera control. Bull Soc Pathol Exot Filiales 1971; 64:652-9. [PMID: 5172700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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Barua D, Cvjetanović B. [Cholera in the 1961-1970 period]. Bol Oficina Sanit Panam 1971; 71:1-6. [PMID: 4254522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Barua D. [Current aspects of anti-cholera vaccination]. Med Trop (Mars) 1971; 31:117-23. [PMID: 5576841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Barua D, Cvjetanović B. The surveillance of cholera. WHO Chron 1970; 24:41-6. [PMID: 5415816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
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Barua D, Cvjetanović B. Cholera during the period 1961-1970. Public Health Pap 1970; 40:15-21. [PMID: 5538197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
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Chatterjee BD, Aikat BK, Barua D, Banerjee PL. Mercury resistance of Staphylococcus pyogenes isolated from different sources of a hospital: its relationship to phage types and antibiogram. Indian J Med Res 1968; 56:395-401. [PMID: 4235009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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Barua D, Gomez CZ. Blotting-paper strips for transportation of cholera stools. Bull World Health Organ 1967; 37:798. [PMID: 5300880 PMCID: PMC2554936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
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Barua D, Wake A, Gomez CZ, Paguio A, Azurin JC, Dizon JJ, Ramos R, Cordova V. Some observations on the detection of cholera carriers. Bull World Health Organ 1967; 37:804-6. [PMID: 4870086 PMCID: PMC2554932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Barua D, Gomez CZ. Observations on some tests commonly employed for the characterization of El Tor birios. Bull World Health Organ 1967; 37:800-3. [PMID: 4870084 PMCID: PMC2554923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Azurin JC, Kobari K, Barua D, Alvero M, Gomez CZ, Dizon JJ, Nakano EI, Suplido R, Ledesma L. A long-term carrier of cholera: cholera Dolores. Bull World Health Organ 1967; 37:745-9. [PMID: 5300877 PMCID: PMC2554929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
The first known long-term carrier of cholera, found in the Philippines, is described. The carrier, Dolores M., who had suffered from El Tor cholera in August 1962, continued intermittently to excrete vibrios of the same characteristics as the original isolates until the date of reporting (1966). Duodenal intubation proved that the vibrios are lodged in her biliary tract. Her serum antibody titre continued to remain high in the absence of vaccination against cholera.
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Pesigan TP, Gomez CZ, Barua D. The drug-sensitivity of isolates from cholera El Tor patients in San Lazaro Hospital, Manila. Bull World Health Organ 1967; 37:814-5. [PMID: 4870089 PMCID: PMC2554940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Dizon JJ, Fukumi H, Barua D, Valera J, Jayme F, Gomez F, Yamamoto SI, Wake A, Gomez CZ, Takahira Y, Paraan A, Rolda L, Alvero M, Abou-Gareeb AH, Kobari K, Azurin JC. Studies on cholera carriers. Bull World Health Organ 1967; 37:737-43. [PMID: 5300876 PMCID: PMC2554918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Cholera carrier studies in the Philippines in 1964-66 showed a prevalence rate of 21.7% among household contacts of cholera patients, and 8.4% in occupants of houses next door to one where a cholera patient lived, as opposed to 0.34% in the general population. The duration of the carrier state among 19 household carriers isolated for examination varied from 5 to 19 days. The vibrio concentration in the stool of contact carriers was 10(2)-15(5) per gram, as compared with 10(6)-19(9) per ml of rice-water stool in cholera cases.The agglutinin titre increased with time for carriers, as it does for patients. It declined to a very low level 8-12 weeks after recovery, with the exception of one proved long-term carrier.The strains isolated from carriers were identical in all respects, including virulence in infant rabbits, with strains isolated from patients-except that 3 carrier strains were rough.
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Gomez CZ, Gaetos D, Cordova V, Barua D. Laboratory investigation procedures for the joint Philippines-Japan-WHO cholera studies. Bull World Health Organ 1967; 37:799-800. [PMID: 4870083 PMCID: PMC2554939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Pesigan TP, Gomez CZ, Gaetos D, Barua D. Variants of agglutinable vibrios in the Philippines. Bull World Health Organ 1967; 37:795-7. [PMID: 4870082 PMCID: PMC2554930] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
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Chatterjee SN, Das J, Barua D. Electron microscopy of cholera phages. Indian J Med Res 1965; 53:934-7. [PMID: 5849869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
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36
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Carpenter CC, Barua D, Wallace CK, Sack RB, Mitra PP, Werner AS, Duffy TP, Oleinick A, Khanra SR, Lewis GW. Clinical and physiological observations during an epidemic outbreak of non-vibrio cholera-like disease in Calcutta. Bull World Health Organ 1965; 33:665-71. [PMID: 5295147 PMCID: PMC2475865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
During March through June 1964, an epidemic of acute non-vibrio diarrhoeal disease, closely simulating cholera, occurred in Calcutta. To clarify the etiology and pathophysiology and improve the therapy of this illness, bacteriological and metabolic studies were performed on 145 consecutive hypotensive adult male patients admitted with acute diarrhoeal disease to the Calcutta Infectious Disease Hospital. Bacteriological and serological studies clearly demonstrated that the majority of patients with acute diarrhoeal disease admitted during this period of time were not suffering from V. cholerae infection; no known pathogen could be recovered from 86% of such patients. Biochemical studies indicated that, in contrast to the findings in cholera, factors other than saline depletion contributed to hypotension in many of the patients with non-vibrio diarrhoeal disease. Although the majority of the acute diarrhoeal patients responded well to the 2: 1 saline: lactate regimen which is consistently successful in treating adult cholera patients, six of the non-cholera patients required prolonged administration of vasopressor drugs as an adjunct to fluid and electrolyte repletion therapy.
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