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Nishad DK, Rawat HS, Singh T, Bhatnagar A, Mittal G. Decorporation potential of lansoprazole against radiothallium ( 201Tl) in internally contaminated BALB/c mice and New Zealand White rabbits. Hum Exp Toxicol 2018; 38:106-117. [PMID: 29909643 DOI: 10.1177/0960327118781929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION: This study examined the decorporation potential of lansoprazole (LNP) as radioactivity decorporation agent for radiothallium (201Tl) in internally contaminated BALB/c mice and New Zealand White rabbits using radiometry and gamma scintigraphy. METHODS: Animals were divided into three groups, that is, control, pretreatment-1 (1X LNP), and pretreatment-2 (2X LNP). Mice received LNP intraperitoneally, while in rabbits LNP was given through oral route 0.5 and 1.5 h before radiothallium administration, respectively. Mice and rabbits used in the experiment were administered 1.48 and 11.1 MBq radiothallium (201TlCl) through intravenous and oral route, respectively. Once started as prophylactic, LNP was continued as therapeutic twice a day till the end of study period. Radiometry and gamma scintigraphy were used to monitor radiothallium retention and uptake patterns in animals. Gamma scintigraphic images of rabbits were taken at different time intervals up to 72 h and were analyzed for comparative uptake pattern of 201TlCl in all the groups. RESULTS: LNP treatment significantly increased the 201Tl elimination over untreated control and considerably reduced the retention of 201Tl in various tissues and organs. Decrease in radiothallium uptake up to 40% was observed in LNP-treated mice as compared to untreated control. While in rabbits, whole-body radioactivity burden at 72 h was found to be 31.24%, 26%, and 18.54% in untreated control, 9 and 18 mg/kg LNP-treated groups, respectively. CONCLUSION: LNP exhibited dose-dependent decorporation potential to effectively enhance the elimination of 201Tl in mice and rabbits experimentally contaminated with 201TlCl.
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Affiliation(s)
- D K Nishad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
| | - H S Rawat
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
| | - T Singh
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
| | - A Bhatnagar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
| | - G Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Nuclear Medicine & Allied Sciences, Defence Research and Development Organization, Ministry of Defence, Delhi, India
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Soni S, Agrawal P, Kumar N, Mittal G, Nishad DK, Chaudhury NK, Bhatnagar A, Basu M, Chhillar N. Salivary biochemical markers as potential acute toxicity parameters for acute radiation injury: A study on small experimental animals. Hum Exp Toxicol 2015; 35:221-8. [PMID: 25813962 DOI: 10.1177/0960327115579433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Researchers have been evaluating several biodosimetric/screening approaches to assess acute radiation injury, related to mass causality. Keeping in mind this background, we hypothesized that effect of whole-body irradiation in single fraction in graded doses can affect the secretion of various salivary components that could be used as acute radiation injury/toxicity marker, which can be used in screening of large population at the time of nuclear accidents/disaster. Thirty Sprague Dawley rats treated with whole-body cobalt-60 gamma irradiation of dose 1-5 Gy (dose rate: 0.95 Gy/min) were included in this study. Whole mixed saliva was collected from all animals before and after radiation up to 72 h postradiation. Saliva was analyzed for electrolytes, total protein, urea, and amylase. Intragroup comparison of salivary parameters at different radiation doses showed significant differences. Potassium was significantly increased as the dose increased from 1 Gy to 5 Gy (p < 0.01) with effect size of difference (r > 0.5). Sodium was significantly altered after 3-5 Gy (p < 0.01, r > 0.5), except 1 and 2 Gy, whereas changes in sodium level were nonsignificant (p > 0.5). Urea, total protein, and amylase levels were also significantly increased as the radiation dose increased (p < 0.01) with large effect size of difference (r > 0.5). This study suggests that salivary parameters were sensitive toward radiation even at low radiation dose which can be used as a predictor of radiation injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Soni
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - P Agrawal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - N Kumar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - G Mittal
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - D K Nishad
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - N K Chaudhury
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - A Bhatnagar
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - M Basu
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiation Biosciences, Division of Health, Institute of Nuclear Medicine and Allied Sciences (INMAS), Defence Research & Development Organization (DRDO), Brig. SK Mazumdar Road, Delhi, India
| | - N Chhillar
- Department of Neurochemistry, Institute of Human Behavior and Allied Sciences, Dilshad Garden, Delhi, India
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