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Cresta S, Tosi D, Sessa C, Viganò L, Maur M, Hess D, Locatelli A, Wages DS, Albanell J, Gianni L. Phase 1b study defining the optimal dosing combinations of the mTOR inhibitor AP23573 and Paclitaxel (PTX). J Clin Oncol 2007. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2007.25.18_suppl.3509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
3509 Background: AP23573 is a novel mTOR inhibitor with demonstrated anti-tumor activity in clinical trials. In vitro, AP23573 exhibits at least additive anti-proliferative activity in combination with a variety of agents including taxanes. This trial studied the combination of AP23573 and paclitaxel (PTX) in patients with advanced solid tumors. Methods: This was a modified, sequential (3+3) dose finding study with starting doses of 25 mg AP23573 i.v. and 80 mg/m2 PTX i.v. as Dose Level 1 (DL1) on days 1, 8 and 15 of a 28 day cycle. Doses of either drug were adjusted in successive cohorts. Blood samples and skin biopsies were collected for pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) studies. Dose limiting toxicity definitions included neutrophils <500/μL; thrombocytopenia = Grade 3 (CTC), any non- hematologic toxicities = Grade 2; missing 2 consecutive doses due to any toxicity. For PK and PD analysis, AP23573 and PTX were administered one day apart at the start of Cycle 1, reversing the sequence at Day 8. Results: Enrollment is complete and 29 patients with a variety of tumors (sarcoma, pancreatic, H&N, melanoma, thymoma) have been treated. Grade 3 thrombocytopenia and Grade 2 mouth sores were seen at DL1 as well as missed doses due to moderate (Grade 2) neutropenia. Adverse events include mouth sores and fatigue which were mild and reversible. Available PK data for AP23573 and PTX suggest no interaction. PD analysis in peripheral blood mononuclear cells demonstrates no interference by PTX on mTOR inhibition by AP23573. PD data in skin biopsies are forthcoming. Both 12.5 mg AP23573/80mg/m2 PTX and 37.5mg AP23573/60mg/m2 PTX are maximal dose combinations that appear to be well tolerated. Activity has been observed at multiple AP23573 mg/PTX mg/m2 dose levels (25/60, 12.5/80, 25/80). Five patients have been on study for >4 cycles, including 2 patients with partial responses (H&N and pancreatic). Conclusions: Combined therapy with AP23573 and PTX is safe. It is notable that evidence of anti-tumor activity was observed at modest doses of each drug when in combination. Combinations of these agents at both doses cited would be recommended for evaluation in trials examining efficacy in specific tumors. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Cresta
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D. Tosi
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - C. Sessa
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. Viganò
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M. Maur
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D. Hess
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - A. Locatelli
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - D. S. Wages
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - J. Albanell
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L. Gianni
- Istituto Nazionale dei Tumori/SENDO, Milano, Italy; Istituto Oncologico della Svizzera Italiana/SENDO, Bellinzona, Switzerland; Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy; Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland; ARIAD Pharmaceuticals Inc, Cambridge, MA; Hospital del Mar IMAS, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
A circulating anticoagulant was isolated from the plasma of a 42-year-old man with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma who had an unusual coagulation test profile. The patient developed a fatal coagulopathy, unresponsive to protamine therapy or plasma exchange following liver biopsy. However, at presentation, routine hemostasis assays were normal. The patient had mucocutaneous bleeding but the sole laboratory abnormality was a prolonged thrombin time (TT = 99 s, normal 25-35 s). Protamine titration indicated activity equivalent to a heparin concentration of 6-7 U/ml. Antithrombin III (AT III) antigen and activity were markedly elevated. The anticoagulant activity, purified from plasma by DEAE chromatography, was identified as a glycosaminoglycan (GAG). GAG anti-thrombin activity was completely abolished by heparin lyase III. Based on the degree of sulfation and HPLC pattern, the GAG was classified as heparan sulfate. Low levels (4 microM) of purified GAG markedly prolonged the TT (>120 s) but not the activated partial thromboplastin time (PTT) (31.4 s). In a Factor Xa assay, the GAG exhibited a potency equivalent to 0.06 U of low molecular weight heparin per nmol of uronic acid. Patients with endogenous circulating glycosaminoglycans can present with unusual laboratory coagulation test profiles. These reflect complex dysfunction of hemostasis, leading to difficulty in providing diagnosis and effective care.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Wages
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, University of California San Francisco, USA
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Wages DS, Keefer J, Rall TB, Weber MJ. Mutations in the SH3 domain of the src oncogene which decrease association of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase activity with pp60v-src and alter cellular morphology. J Virol 1992; 66:1866-74. [PMID: 1312609 PMCID: PMC288973 DOI: 10.1128/jvi.66.4.1866-1874.1992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
To analyze the signaling pathways utilized in malignant transformation by pp60v-src, we have isolated and characterized src mutants which possess normal levels of protein tyrosine kinase activity but which cause only a partially transformed phenotype. Our hypothesis is that such mutants are partially defective for transformation because they are defective in their ability to activate specific components of the cellular signaling machinery while still activating others. In this communication, we report on the molecular and biochemical characterization of one such mutant, CU12 (D. D. Anderson, R. P. Beckmann, E. H. Harms, K. Nakamura, and M. J. Weber, J. Virol. 37:455-458, 1981). Cells infected with this mutant are capable of anchorage-independent growth, but rather than exhibiting the rounded and refractile morphology characteristic of wild-type-infected cells, they display an extremely elongated, fusiform morphology. The morphological properties of this mutant src could be accounted for entirely by a single mutation in the SH3 domain (lysine 106 to glutamate). Other mutations were constructed in this region by in vitro mutagenesis, both in a v-src and in an activated c-src background, and several of them also induced a fusiform morphology. All of the mutations inducing fusiform morphology also resulted in decreased association of pp60src with phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase activity. In addition, association of pp60src with some tyrosine-phosphorylated proteins was altered. We propose that the SH3 domain participates (along with the SH2 domain) in the interaction of pp60src with cellular signaling proteins, and we speculate that the association with phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase plays an important role in the regulation of cellular morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- D S Wages
- Department of Microbiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville 22908
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