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Naeem M, Burton E, Scholey D, Alkhtib A, Broadberry S. Efficacy of oat hulls varying in particle size in mitigating performance deterioration in broilers fed low-density crude protein diets. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102979. [PMID: 37562128 PMCID: PMC10432837 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Dietary fibres with increased particle size may develop foregut more efficiently in meat poultry fed diets moderately low in crude protein. The study investigated the performance of broilers fed low-density crude protein diets with the inclusion of oat hulls increasing in particle size. Ross 308 male broiler chicks (n = 336) were divided into 48 pens, 12 pens per treatment (7 chicks per pen). Pens were allocated to 4 dietary treatments in mash form; positive control (PC), a standard crude protein diet, negative control (NC), around 5% lower in protein with 5% celite as an inert material, OH400: 5% lower protein diet with 5% oat hulls of geometric mean diameter (GMD) 400 µm, OH850: 5% lower protein diet with 5% oat hulls of GMD 850µm. Birds were fed ad libitum from d 1 to 35 in 3 phases; starter: d 0 to 10, grower: d 10 to 24 and finisher: d 24 to 35. Growth performance was calculated at the end of the trial. Two birds per pen were sampled on d 24 and 35 to collect data on proventriculus and gizzard weights and pooled ileal digesta. Apparent ileal digestibility of amino acids on d 24, and metabolizable energy on d 24 and 35 were recorded for each pen. Litter was sampled from each pen on d 34 to analyze litter N and moisture content. Footpad dermatitis scores of all birds per pen were recorded on d 35. Overall, no difference (P > 0.05) in body weight gain and feed intake was found between the treatments. However, NC and OH400 showed poorer FCR than PC, whereas FCR on PC and OH850 was similar (P > 0.05). Gizzard absolute weight and relative to body weight, and gizzard to proventriculus ratio were higher (P < 0.05) on OH850 compared to PC and NC on d 24 and 35. Gizzard digesta particle size was reduced (P < 0.05) on OH850 compared to all other diets on d 24 and 35. Amino acids digestibility coefficients for aspartic acid and valine increased (P < 0.05) in birds fed OH850 compared to PC, whereas coefficients for several other amino acids were improved compared to NC and OH400. The apparent ileal digestibility of metabolizable energy was similar (P > 0.05) between PC and OH850. Litter moisture and nitrogen, and footpad dermatitis scores were reduced (P < 0.05) on OH850 compared to PC. In conclusion, the inclusion of coarse oat hulls of GMD 850 µm in low-density crude protein diets can be beneficial for the broilers in developing the foregut, utilizing the nutrients efficiently and reducing litter nitrogen and moisture, and footpad scores.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Naeem
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, NG25 0QF, United Kingdom.
| | - E Burton
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, NG25 0QF, United Kingdom
| | - D Scholey
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, NG25 0QF, United Kingdom
| | - A Alkhtib
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, NG25 0QF, United Kingdom
| | - S Broadberry
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University, Brackenhurst Campus, Southwell, NG25 0QF, United Kingdom
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Alkhtib A, Sanni C, Burton E, Scholey D. What is “normal”? Morphology and mineralization of tibias from healthy, on farm broilers. J APPL POULTRY RES 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.japr.2021.100190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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Wealleans AL, Buyse J, Scholey D, Van Campenhout L, Burton E, Di Benedetto M, Pritchard S, Nuyens F, Jansen M. Lysolecithin, but not lecithin, improves nutrient digestibility and growth rates in young broilers. Br Poult Sci 2020; 61:414-423. [PMID: 32178525 DOI: 10.1080/00071668.2020.1736514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2019] [Accepted: 01/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
1. The potential of lecithin and lysolecithin to improve lipid digestion and growth performance was investigated in three experiments: 1. an in vitro model that mimics the intestinal conditions of the chick, 2. a digestibility trial with chicks (5-7 days of age), and 3. a performance trial until 21 days of age. 2. In experiment 1, palm oil (PO), palm oil with lecithin (PO+L), and palm oil with lysolecithin (PO+LY) were subjected to in vitro hydrolysis and applied to Caco-2 monolayers to assess lipid absorption. 3. The in vitro hydrolysis rate of triglycerides was higher in PO+LY (k = 11.76 × 103/min) than in either PO (k = 9.73 × 103/min) or PO+L (k = 8.41 × 103/min), and the absorption of monoglycerides and free fatty acids was highest (P < 0.01) for PO+LY. In experiment 2, 90 broilers were assigned to three dietary treatments: a basal diet with 4% palm oil, and the basal diet supplemented with either 250 ppm lecithin or lysolecithin. 4. ATTD of crude fat was higher in broilers supplemented with lysolecithin, but was lower in broilers supplemented with lecithin. DM digestibility and AMEn in birds supplemented with lysolecithin were significantly higher (3.03% and 0.47 MJ/kg, respectively). 5. In experiment 3, 480 broilers were randomly allocated to four dietary treatments: basal diet with soybean oil (2%), basal diet with lecithin (2%), soybean oil diet with 250 ppm lysolecithin, or lecithin oil diet with 250 ppm lysolecithin. 6. Lecithin diets significantly reduced weight at day 10 and 21 compared with soybean oil. However, the addition of lysolecithin to lecithin-containing diets significantly improved bird performance. 7. The results of these studies showed that, in contrast to lecithin, lysolecithin was able to significantly improve the digestibility and energy values of feed in young broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- A L Wealleans
- Kemin Animal Health and Nutrtion, Kemin Europa N.V , Herentals, Belgium
| | - J Buyse
- Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven , Geel, Belgium
- Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe), KU Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
| | - D Scholey
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University , Southwell, UK
| | - L Van Campenhout
- Leuven Food Science and Nutrition Research Center (LFoRCe), KU Leuven , Leuven, Belgium
- Lab4Food, Cluster for Bioengineering Technology (CBeT), Department of Microbial and Molecular Systems (M2S), KU Leuven , Geel, Belgium
| | - E Burton
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences, Nottingham Trent University , Southwell, UK
| | - M Di Benedetto
- Kemin Animal Health and Nutrtion, Kemin Europa N.V , Herentals, Belgium
| | | | - F Nuyens
- Kemin Animal Health and Nutrtion, Kemin Europa N.V , Herentals, Belgium
| | - M Jansen
- Kemin Animal Health and Nutrtion, Kemin Europa N.V , Herentals, Belgium
- Division Animal and Human Health Engineering, Department of Biosystems, KU Leuven , Geel, Belgium
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Hall HN, Masey O'Neill HV, Scholey D, Burton E, Dickinson M, Fitches EC. Amino acid digestibility of larval meal (Musca domestica) for broiler chickens. Poult Sci 2018; 97:1290-1297. [PMID: 29452386 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pex433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2017] [Accepted: 12/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Work was undertaken to investigate the potential use of housefly (Musca domestica) larvae reared on broiler manure as a source of nutrition for poultry production in the United Kingdom. Nutritional analysis showed that larvae have a high (>45% dry wt.) protein content and a favorable amino acid profile that is rich in key amino acids, such as lysine and methionine. A broiler digestibility trial was carried out to determine the apparent ileal digestibility coefficients (AIDC) and true ileal digestibility coefficients (TIDC) of amino acids (AA) from insect larval meal (ILM) from M. domestica and fishmeal (FM) in broiler chickens. This was calculated using multiple linear regression technique based upon 3 inclusions of each protein source in a semisynthetic diet. One-hundred-forty-four day-old male (Ross 308) broilers were fed from hatch on a commercial starter diet for 20 days. Experimental diets were fed from d 21 to 28, and feed intakes were measured daily. On d 28, the trial was terminated, ileal digesta were collected for the determination of AIDC and TIDC of AA, and inflammatory responses (gizzard erosion and eye discharge) were measured. No significant differences were observed in digestibilities between protein sources for any AA. Furthermore, ILM feeding did not induce gizzard erosion or eye discharge at any inclusion. These results provide strong evidence to suggest that ILM of the common housefly can provide a successful alternative protein source to FM in broiler diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- H N Hall
- AB Agri Limited, Peterborough, PE2 6FL, UK
| | | | - D Scholey
- Nottingham Trent University, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF
| | - E Burton
- Nottingham Trent University, Southwell, Nottinghamshire, NG25 0QF
| | - M Dickinson
- FERA Science Ltd, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ
| | - E C Fitches
- FERA Science Ltd, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ.,School of Biosciences, University of Durham, South Road, Durham, DH1 3LE
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Abstract
We have investigated the effects of systemic administration of the oxytocin antagonist (OTA) L-368,899 on luteolytic PGF(2alpha) release in ewes. In the first study, carried out in four ovariectomized ewes primed with progesterone to induce responsiveness to oxytocin, 3-h i.v. infusions of 3, 10 and 30 microg/kg/min OTA, carried out on days 12, 14, 16 and 18 in a Latin Square design, resulted in a significant attenuation of the oxytocin induced increase in PGFM concentration at all doses (OTA 139+/-8.3% of pre-oxytocin baseline; control 206.8+/-18.7%; P<0.005). In a further study, continuous infusion of cyclic ewes (n=6) with 10 microg/kg/min OTA from day 13 to day 17 of the cycle resulted in a reduction in both the frequency (OTA 1.0+/-0.4/ewe; control 2.2+/-0.2/ewe; P<0.05) and amplitude (OTA 31.8+/-11.0 pg/ml; control 68.8+/-10.4 pg/ml; P<0.05) of endogenous PGFM episodes compared to control ewes (n=5) measured during daily 8-h sampling windows on days 14-17. This reduction in PGFM concentrations was accompanied by a modest extension in the day of luteolysis (progesterone <0.5 ng/ml) to day 17.5+/-0.4 in the OTA treated group compared with day 16.4+/-0.5 in the control group (P=0.07). The results demonstrate that treatment with OTA caused a significant reduction in episodes of increased PGFM concentration during the period of luteolysis and may provide an approach by which to reduce early pregnancy failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- G E Mann
- Division of Animal Physiology, School of Biosciences, University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Campus, Loughborough, LE12 5RD, UK.
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