Amyloid-β(25-35) induces a permanent phosphorylation of HSF-1, but a transitory and inflammation-independent overexpression of Hsp-70 in C6 astrocytoma cells.
Neuropeptides 2013;
47:339-46. [PMID:
23850171 DOI:
10.1016/j.npep.2013.06.002]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2012] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Two hallmarks of Alzheimer diseases are the continuous inflammatory process, and the brain deposit of Amyloid b (Aβ), a cytotoxic protein. The intracellular accumulation of Aβ(25-35) fractions, in the absence of Heat Shock proteins (Hsṕs), could be responsible for its cytotoxic activity. As, pro-inflammatory mediators and nitric oxide control the expression of Hsṕs, our aim was to investigate the effect of Aβ(25-35) on the concentration of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitrite levels, and their relation to pHSF-1, Hsp-60, -70 and -90 expressions, in the rat C6 astrocyte cells. Interleukin-specific ELISA kits, immunohistochemistry with monoclonal anti-Hsp and anti pHSF-1 antibodies, and histochemistry techniques, were used. Our results showed that Aβ25-35 treatment of C6 cells increased, significantly and consistently the concentration of IL-1β, TNF-α and nitrite 3 days after initiating treatment. The immunoreactivity of C6 cells to Hsp-70 reached its peak after 3 days of treatment followed by an abrupt decrease, as opposed to Hsp-60 and -90 expressions that showed an initial and progressive increase after 3 days of Aβ(25-35) treatment. pHSF-1 was identified throughout the experimental period. Nevertheless, progressive and sustained cell death was observed during all the treatment times and it was not caspase-3 dependent. Our results suggest that Hsp-70 temporary expression serves as a trigger to inhibit casapase-3 pathway and allow the expression of Hsp-60 and -90 in C6 astrocytoma cells stimulated with Aβ(25-35).
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