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Mödl B, Awad M, Zwolanek D, Scharf I, Schwertner K, Milovanovic D, Moser D, Schmidt K, Pjevac P, Hausmann B, Krauß D, Mohr T, Svinka J, Kenner L, Casanova E, Timelthaler G, Sibilia M, Krieger S, Eferl R. Defects in microvillus crosslinking sensitize to colitis and inflammatory bowel disease. EMBO Rep 2023; 24:e57084. [PMID: 37691494 PMCID: PMC10561180 DOI: 10.15252/embr.202357084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Intestinal epithelial cells are covered by the brush border, which consists of densely packed microvilli. The Intermicrovillar Adhesion Complex (IMAC) links the microvilli and is required for proper brush border organization. Whether microvillus crosslinking is involved in the intestinal barrier function or colitis is currently unknown. We investigate the role of microvillus crosslinking in colitis in mice with deletion of the IMAC component CDHR5. Electron microscopy shows pronounced brush border defects in CDHR5-deficient mice. The defects result in severe mucosal damage after exposure to the colitis-inducing agent DSS. DSS increases the permeability of the mucus layer and brings bacteria in direct contact with the disorganized brush border of CDHR5-deficient mice. This correlates with bacterial invasion into the epithelial cell layer which precedes epithelial apoptosis and inflammation. Single-cell RNA sequencing data of patients with ulcerative colitis reveals downregulation of CDHR5 in enterocytes of diseased areas. Our results provide experimental evidence that a combination of microvillus crosslinking defects with increased permeability of the mucus layer sensitizes to inflammatory bowel disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Mödl
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Monira Awad
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Daniela Zwolanek
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Irene Scharf
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Katharina Schwertner
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Danijela Milovanovic
- Department of Experimental and Translational Pathology, Institute of Clinical PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Doris Moser
- Department of Cranio‐Maxillofacial and Oral SurgeryMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Katy Schmidt
- Cell Imaging & Ultrastructure ResearchUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Petra Pjevac
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Division of Microbial Ecology, Department of Microbiology and Ecosystem Science, Centre for Microbiology and Environmental Systems ScienceUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Bela Hausmann
- Joint Microbiome Facility of the Medical University of Vienna and the University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Laboratory MedicineMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Dana Krauß
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
- Department of Analytical ChemistryUniversity of ViennaViennaAustria
- Joint Metabolome FacilityUniversity of Vienna and Medical University ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Jasmin Svinka
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Department of Experimental and Translational Pathology, Institute of Clinical PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
- Department of Laboratory Animal PathologyUniversity of Veterinary Medicine ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Emilio Casanova
- Center of Physiology and Pharmacology, Institute of PharmacologyMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
| | - Sigurd Krieger
- Department of Experimental and Translational Pathology, Institute of Clinical PathologyMedical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Robert Eferl
- Center for Cancer ResearchMedical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center (CCC)ViennaAustria
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2
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Mödl B, Moritsch S, Zwolanek D, Eferl R. Type I and II interferon signaling in colorectal cancer liver metastasis. Cytokine 2023; 161:156075. [PMID: 36323190 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2022.156075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Metastatic colorectal cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Traditional chemotherapy extended the lifespan of cancer patients by only a few months, but targeted therapies and immunotherapy prolonged survival and led to long-term remissions in some cases. Type I and II interferons have direct pro-apoptotic and anti-proliferative effects on cancer cells and stimulate anti-cancer immunity. As a result, interferon production by cells in the tumor microenvironment is in the spotlight of immunotherapies as it affects the responses of anti-cancer immune cells. However, promoting effects of interferons on colorectal cancer metastasis have also been reported. Here we summarize our knowledge about pro- and anti-metastatic effects of type I and II interferons in colorectal cancer liver metastasis and discuss possible therapeutic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bernadette Mödl
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Stefan Moritsch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Zwolanek
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Eferl
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, 1090 Vienna, Austria.
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3
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Moritsch S, Mödl B, Scharf I, Janker L, Zwolanek D, Timelthaler G, Casanova E, Sibilia M, Mohr T, Kenner L, Herndler-Brandstetter D, Gerner C, Müller M, Strobl B, Eferl R. Tyk2 is a tumor suppressor in colorectal cancer. Oncoimmunology 2022; 11:2127271. [PMID: 36185806 PMCID: PMC9519006 DOI: 10.1080/2162402x.2022.2127271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Janus kinase Tyk2 is implicated in cancer immune surveillance, but its role in solid tumors is not well defined. We used Tyk2 knockout mice (Tyk2Δ/Δ) and mice with conditional deletion of Tyk2 in hematopoietic (Tyk2ΔHem) or intestinal epithelial cells (Tyk2ΔIEC) to assess their cell type-specific functions in chemically induced colorectal cancer. All Tyk2-deficient mouse models showed a higher tumor burden after AOM-DSS treatment compared to their corresponding wild-type controls (Tyk2+/+ and Tyk2fl/fl), demonstrating tumor-suppressive functions of Tyk2 in immune cells and epithelial cancer cells. However, specific deletion of Tyk2 in hematopoietic cells or in intestinal epithelial cells was insufficient to accelerate tumor progression, while deletion in both compartments promoted carcinoma formation. RNA-seq and proteomics revealed that tumors of Tyk2Δ/Δ and Tyk2ΔIEC mice were immunoedited in different ways with downregulated and upregulated IFNγ signatures, respectively. Accordingly, the IFNγ-regulated immune checkpoint Ido1 was downregulated in Tyk2Δ/Δ and upregulated in Tyk2ΔIEC tumors, although both showed reduced CD8+ T cell infiltration. These data suggest that Tyk2Δ/Δ tumors are Ido1-independent and poorly immunoedited while Tyk2ΔIEC tumors require Ido1 for immune evasion. Our study shows that Tyk2 prevents Ido1 expression in CRC cells and promotes CRC immune surveillance in the tumor stroma. Both of these Tyk2-dependent mechanisms must work together to prevent CRC progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Moritsch
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Bernadette Mödl
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Irene Scharf
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Janker
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Joint Metabolomics Facility, University and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Daniela Zwolanek
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Gerald Timelthaler
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Emilio Casanova
- Department of Pharmacology, Center of Physiology and Pharmacology & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Maria Sibilia
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Thomas Mohr
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
| | - Lukas Kenner
- Institute of Clinical Pathology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - Christopher Gerner
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.,Joint Metabolomics Facility, University and Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Mathias Müller
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Birgit Strobl
- Institute of Animal Breeding and Genetics, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Robert Eferl
- Center for Cancer Research, Medical University of Vienna & Comprehensive Cancer Center, Vienna, Austria
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4
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Zwolanek D, Satué M, Proell V, Godoy JR, Odörfer KI, Flicker M, Hoffmann SC, Rülicke T, Erben RG. Tracking mesenchymal stem cell contributions to regeneration in an immunocompetent cartilage regeneration model. JCI Insight 2017; 2:87322. [PMID: 29046476 DOI: 10.1172/jci.insight.87322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2016] [Accepted: 09/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
It is currently controversially discussed whether mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) facilitate cartilage regeneration in vivo by a progenitor- or a nonprogenitor-mediated mechanism. Here, we describe a potentially novel unbiased in vivo cell tracking system based on transgenic donor and corresponding immunocompetent marker-tolerant recipient mouse and rat lines in inbred genetic backgrounds. Tolerance of recipients was achieved by transgenic expression of an immunologically neutral but physicochemically distinguishable variant of the marker human placental alkaline phosphatase (ALPP). In this dual transgenic system, donor lines ubiquitously express WT, heat-resistant ALPP protein, whereas recipient lines express a heat-labile ALPP mutant (ALPPE451G) resulting from a single amino acid substitution. Tolerance of recipient lines to ALPP-expressing cells and tissues was verified by skin transplantation. Using this model, we show that intraarticularly injected MSC contribute to regeneration of articular cartilage in full-thickness cartilage defects mainly via a nonprogenitor-mediated mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Zwolanek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - María Satué
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Verena Proell
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - José R Godoy
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Kathrin I Odörfer
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Flicker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Sigrid C Hoffmann
- Medical Research Center, Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany
| | - Thomas Rülicke
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | - Reinhold G Erben
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
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5
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Zwolanek D, Flicker M, Kirstätter E, Zaucke F, van Osch GJVM, Erben RG. β1 Integrins Mediate Attachment of Mesenchymal Stem Cells to Cartilage Lesions. Biores Open Access 2015; 4:39-53. [PMID: 26309781 PMCID: PMC4497673 DOI: 10.1089/biores.2014.0055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) may have great potential for cell-based therapies of osteoarthritis. However, after injection in the joint, only few cells adhere to defective articular cartilage and contribute to cartilage regeneration. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms of MSC attachment to defective articular cartilage. Here, we developed an ex vivo attachment system, using rat osteochondral explants with artificially created full-thickness cartilage defects in combination with genetically labeled MSC isolated from bone marrow of human placental alkaline phosphatase transgenic rats. Binding of MSC to full-thickness cartilage lesions was improved by serum, but not hyaluronic acid, and was dependent on the presence of divalent cations. Additional in vitro tests showed that rat MSC attach, in a divalent cation-dependent manner, to collagen I, collagen II, and fibronectin, but not to collagen XXII or cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP). RGD peptides partially blocked the adhesion of MSC to fibronectin in vitro and to cartilage lesions ex vivo. Furthermore, the attachment of MSC to collagen I and II in vitro and to cartilage lesions ex vivo was almost completely abolished in the presence of a β1 integrin blocking antibody. In conclusion, our data suggest that attachment of MSC to ex vivo full-thickness cartilage lesions is almost entirely β1 integrin-mediated, whereby both RGD- and collagen-binding integrins are involved. These findings suggest a key role of integrins during MSC attachment to defective cartilage and may pave the way for improved MSC-based therapies in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniela Zwolanek
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna, Austria
| | - Magdalena Flicker
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna, Austria
| | - Elisabeth Kirstätter
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna, Austria
| | - Frank Zaucke
- Center for Biochemistry and Cologne Center for Musculoskeletal Biomechanics, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne , Cologne, Germany
| | - Gerjo J V M van Osch
- Department of Orthopaedics and Otorhinolaryngology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam , Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Reinhold G Erben
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Veterinary Medicine , Vienna, Austria
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6
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Zou Y, Zwolanek D, Izu Y, Gandhy S, Schreiber G, Brockmann K, Devoto M, Tian Z, Hu Y, Veit G, Meier M, Stetefeld J, Hicks D, Straub V, Voermans NC, Birk DE, Barton ER, Koch M, Bönnemann CG. Recessive and dominant mutations in COL12A1 cause a novel EDS/myopathy overlap syndrome in humans and mice. Hum Mol Genet 2013; 23:2339-52. [PMID: 24334604 DOI: 10.1093/hmg/ddt627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Collagen VI-related myopathies are disorders of connective tissue presenting with an overlap phenotype combining clinical involvement from the muscle and from the connective tissue. Not all patients displaying related overlap phenotypes between muscle and connective tissue have mutations in collagen VI. Here, we report a homozygous recessive loss of function mutation and a de novo dominant mutation in collagen XII (COL12A1) as underlying a novel overlap syndrome involving muscle and connective tissue. Two siblings homozygous for a loss of function mutation showed widespread joint hyperlaxity combined with weakness precluding independent ambulation, while the patient with the de novo missense mutation was more mildly affected, showing improvement including the acquisition of walking. A mouse model with inactivation of the Col12a1 gene showed decreased grip strength, a delay in fiber-type transition and a deficiency in passive force generation while the muscle seems more resistant to eccentric contraction induced force drop, indicating a role for a matrix-based passive force-transducing elastic element in the generation of the weakness. This new muscle connective tissue overlap syndrome expands on the emerging importance of the muscle extracellular matrix in the pathogenesis of muscle disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaqun Zou
- Neuromuscular and Neurogenetic Disorders of Childhood Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA
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7
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Charvet B, Guiraud A, Malbouyres M, Zwolanek D, Guillon E, Bretaud S, Monnot C, Schulze J, Bader HL, Allard B, Koch M, Ruggiero F. Knockdown of col22a1 gene in zebrafish induces a muscular dystrophy by disruption of the myotendinous junction. Development 2013; 140:4602-13. [PMID: 24131632 DOI: 10.1242/dev.096024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The myotendinous junction (MTJ) is the major site of force transfer in skeletal muscle, and defects in its structure correlate with a subset of muscular dystrophies. Col22a1 encodes the MTJ component collagen XXII, the function of which remains unknown. Here, we have cloned and characterized the zebrafish col22a1 gene and conducted morpholino-based loss-of-function studies in developing embryos. We showed that col22a1 transcripts localize at muscle ends when the MTJ forms and that COLXXII protein integrates the junctional extracellular matrix. Knockdown of COLXXII expression resulted in muscular dystrophy-like phenotype, including swimming impairment, curvature of embryo trunk/tail, strong reduction of twitch-contraction amplitude and contraction-induced muscle fiber detachment, and provoked significant activation of the survival factor Akt. Electron microscopy and immunofluorescence studies revealed that absence of COLXXII caused a strong reduction of MTJ folds and defects in myoseptal structure. These defects resulted in reduced contractile force and susceptibility of junctional extracellular matrix to rupture when subjected to repeated mechanical stress. Co-injection of sub-phenotypic doses of morpholinos against col22a1 and genes of the major muscle linkage systems showed a synergistic gene interaction between col22a1 and itga7 (α7β1 integrin) that was not observed with dag1 (dystroglycan). Finally, pertinent to a conserved role in humans, the dystrophic phenotype was rescued by microinjection of recombinant human COLXXII. Our findings indicate that COLXXII contributes to the stabilization of myotendinous junctions and strengthens skeletal muscle attachments during contractile activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Charvet
- Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle de Lyon, ENS de Lyon, UMR CNRS 5242, Université Lyon 1, 46 Allée d'Italie, 69364 Lyon cedex 07, France
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8
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Hoffmann DC, Willenborg S, Koch M, Zwolanek D, Müller S, Becker AKA, Metzger S, Ehrbar M, Kurschat P, Hellmich M, Hubbell JA, Eming SA. Proteolytic processing regulates placental growth factor activities. J Biol Chem 2013; 288:17976-89. [PMID: 23645683 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m113.451831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Placental growth factor (PlGF) is a critical mediator of blood vessel formation, yet mechanisms of its action and regulation are incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate that proteolytic processing regulates the biological activity of PlGF. Specifically, we show that plasmin processing of PlGF-2 yields a protease-resistant core fragment comprising the vascular endothelial growth factor receptor-1 binding site but lacking the carboxyl-terminal domain encoding the heparin-binding domain and an 8-amino acid peptide encoded by exon 7. We have identified plasmin cleavage sites, generated a truncated PlGF118 isoform mimicking plasmin-processed PlGF, and explored its biological function in comparison with that of PlGF-1 and -2. The angiogenic responses induced by the diverse PlGF forms were distinct. Whereas PlGF-2 increased endothelial cell chemotaxis, vascular sprouting, and granulation tissue formation upon skin injury, these activities were abrogated following plasmin digestion. Investigation of PlGF/Neuropilin-1 binding and function suggests a critical role for heparin-binding domain/Neuropilin-1 interaction and its regulation by plasmin processing. Collectively, here we provide new mechanistic insights into the regulation of PlGF-2/Neuropilin-1-mediated tissue vascularization and growth.
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Agarwal P, Zwolanek D, Keene DR, Schulz JN, Blumbach K, Heinegård D, Zaucke F, Paulsson M, Krieg T, Koch M, Eckes B. Collagen XII and XIV, new partners of cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the skin extracellular matrix suprastructure. J Biol Chem 2012; 287:22549-59. [PMID: 22573329 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.335935] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
The tensile and scaffolding properties of skin rely on the complex extracellular matrix (ECM) that surrounds cells, vasculature, nerves, and adnexus structures and supports the epidermis. In the skin, collagen I fibrils are the major structural component of the dermal ECM, decorated by proteoglycans and by fibril-associated collagens with interrupted triple helices such as collagens XII and XIV. Here we show that the cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP), an abundant component of cartilage ECM, is expressed in healthy human skin. COMP expression is detected in the dermal compartment of skin and in cultured fibroblasts, whereas epidermis and HaCaT cells are negative. In addition to binding collagen I, COMP binds to collagens XII and XIV via their C-terminal collagenous domains. All three proteins codistribute in a characteristic narrow zone in the superficial papillary dermis of healthy human skin. Ultrastructural analysis by immunogold labeling confirmed colocalization and further revealed the presence of COMP along with collagens XII and XIV in anchoring plaques. On the basis of these observations, we postulate that COMP functions as an adapter protein in human skin, similar to its function in cartilage ECM, by organizing collagen I fibrils into a suprastructure, mainly in the vicinity of anchoring plaques that stabilize the cohesion between the upper dermis and the basement membrane zone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pallavi Agarwal
- Department of Dermatology, University of Cologne, Cologne 50937, Germany
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10
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Izu Y, Sun M, Zwolanek D, Veit G, Williams V, Cha B, Jepsen KJ, Koch M, Birk DE. Type XII collagen regulates osteoblast polarity and communication during bone formation. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2011; 193:1115-30. [PMID: 21670218 PMCID: PMC3115787 DOI: 10.1083/jcb.201010010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Type XII collagen–null mice have fragile bones with disorganized collagen fiber arrangement, decreased bone matrix formation, and delayed osteoblast differentiation. Differentiated osteoblasts are polarized in regions of bone deposition, demonstrate extensive cell interaction and communication, and are responsible for bone formation and quality. Type XII collagen is a fibril-associated collagen with interrupted triple helices and has been implicated in the osteoblast response to mechanical forces. Type XII collagen is expressed by osteoblasts and localizes to areas of bone formation. A transgenic mouse null for type XII collagen exhibits skeletal abnormalities including shorter, more slender long bones with decreased mechanical strength as well as altered vertebrae structure compared with wild-type mice. Col12a−/− osteoblasts have decreased bone matrix deposition with delayed maturation indicated by decreased bone matrix protein expression. Compared with controls, Col12a−/− osteoblasts are disorganized and less polarized with disrupted cell–cell interactions, decreased connexin43 expression, and impaired gap junction function. The data demonstrate important regulatory roles for type XII collagen in osteoblast differentiation and bone matrix formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yayoi Izu
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33612, USA
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Izu Y, Sun M, Zwolanek D, Veit G, Williams V, Cha B, Jepsen KJ, Koch M, Birk DE. Type XII collagen regulates osteoblast polarity and communication during bone formation. J Exp Med 2011. [DOI: 10.1084/jem2087oia19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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12
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Veit G, Zwolanek D, Eckes B, Niland S, Käpylä J, Zweers MC, Ishada-Yamamoto A, Krieg T, Heino J, Eble JA, Koch M. Collagen XXIII, novel ligand for integrin alpha2beta1 in the epidermis. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:27804-13. [PMID: 21652699 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.220046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular receptors for collagens belong to the family of β(1) integrins. In the epidermis, integrin α(2)β(1) is the only collagen-binding integrin present. Its expression is restricted to basal keratinocytes with uniform distribution on the cell surface of those cells. Although α(2)β(1) receptors localized at the basal surface interact with basement membrane proteins collagen IV and laminin 111 and 332, no interaction partners have been reported for these integrin molecules at the lateral and apical membranes of basal keratinocytes. Solid phase binding and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy demonstrate that collagen XXIII, a member of the transmembrane collagens, directly interacts with integrin α(2)β(1) in an ion- and conformation-dependent manner. The two proteins co-localize on the surface of basal keratinocytes. Furthermore, collagen XXIII is sufficient to induce adhesion and spreading of keratinocytes, a process that is significantly reduced in the absence of functional integrin α(2)β(1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Guido Veit
- Center for Biochemistry, Medical Faculty, University of Cologne, D-50931 Cologne, Germany
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13
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Brellier F, Ruggiero S, Zwolanek D, Martina E, Hess D, Brown-Luedi M, Hartmann U, Koch M, Merlo A, Lino M, Chiquet-Ehrismann R. SMOC1 is a tenascin-C interacting protein over-expressed in brain tumors. Matrix Biol 2011; 30:225-33. [PMID: 21349332 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2011.02.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2010] [Revised: 02/04/2011] [Accepted: 02/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Tenascin-C is an extracellular matrix protein over-expressed in a large variety of cancers. In the present study, we aimed at identifying new interactors of tenascin-C by purifying secreted proteins on a tenascin-C affinity column. Analysis of eluates by mass spectrometry revealed phosphoglycerate kinase 1, clusterin, fibronectin, SPARC-related modular calcium-binding protein 1 (SMOC1) and nidogen-2 as potential interactors of tenascin-C. The interaction between tenascin-C and SMOC1 was confirmed by co-immunoprecipitation and further analyzed by Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy, which revealed an apparent dissociation constant (K(D)) value of 2.59∗10(-9)M. Further analyses showed that this binding is reduced in the presence of EDTA. To investigate whether SMOC1 itself could be over-expressed in the context of tumorigenesis, we analyzed data of two independent RNA profiling studies and found that mRNA levels of SMOC1 are significantly increased in oligodendrogliomas compared to control brain samples. In support of these data, western blot analysis of protein extracts from 12 oligodendrogliomas, 4 astrocytomas and 13 glioblastomas revealed elevated levels compared to healthy brain extract. Interestingly, cell migration experiments revealed that SMOC1 can counteract the chemo-attractive effect of tenascin-C on U87 glioma cells. The present study thus identified SMOC1 as a new cancer-associated protein capable of interacting with tenascin-C in vitro.
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Affiliation(s)
- Florence Brellier
- Friedrich Miescher Institute for Biomedical Research, Novartis Research Foundation, Basel, Switzerland.
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Patel TR, Morris GA, Zwolanek D, Keene DR, Li J, Harding SE, Koch M, Stetefeld J. Nano-structure of the laminin γ-1 short arm reveals an extended and curved multidomain assembly. Matrix Biol 2010; 29:565-72. [PMID: 20688161 DOI: 10.1016/j.matbio.2010.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2010] [Revised: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/23/2010] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Laminins are multidomain glycoproteins that play important roles in development and maintenance of the extracellular matrix via their numerous interactions with other proteins. Several receptors for the laminin short arms revealed their importance in network formation and intercellular signaling. However, both the detailed structure of the laminin γ-1 short arm and its organization within the complexes is poorly understood due to the complexity of the molecule and the lack of a high-resolution structure. The presented data provide the first subatomic resolution structure for the laminin γ-1 short arm in solution. This was achieved using an integrated approach that combined a number of complementary biophysical techniques such as small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), analytical ultracentrifugation, dynamic light scattering and electron microscopy. As a result of this study, we have obtained a significantly improved model for the laminin γ-1 short arm that represents a major step forward in molecular understanding of laminin-mediated complex formations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Trushar R Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, 144 Dysart Road, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3T 2N2
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