1
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Dockery F, Glynn A, Franks K, Carey JJ, O'Gradaigh D, Kenny P, Askin D, Butler E, Sweeney B, Conlon B, McGregor B, Lannon R, Rooney B, Pillai I, Fitzgerald C. Fracture liaison services in Ireland-how do we compare to international standards? Osteoporos Int 2022; 33:1089-1096. [PMID: 34981131 DOI: 10.1007/s00198-021-06251-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
UNLABELLED In this first na tional survey of public hospitals in The Republic of Ireland, we found fracture liaison services (FLS) to be heterogeneous, limited in many cases and poorly supported. A national strategy is urgently needed to support the implementation and operation of an FLS, and thus help reduce the burden of fragility fractures for patients and the healthcare system. INTRODUCTION Fragility/low-trauma fractures are a global concern, whose incidence is rising as the population ages. Many are preventable, and people with a prior fragility fracture are at particularly high risk of further fractures. This patient group is the target of the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF) Capture the Fracture campaign, advocating global adoption of fracture liaison services (FLS), with the aim of preventing secondary fragility fractures. We wished to determine the current availability and standards of an FLS in Ireland, ahead of the launch of a National FLS database. METHODS We devised a questionnaire encompassing the thirteen IOF standards for an FLS and asked all 16 public hospitals with an orthopaedic trauma unit in Ireland, to complete for the calendar year 2019 in patients aged ≥ 50 years. RESULTS All sites returned the questionnaire, i.e. 100% response rate. Nine hospitals stated that they have an FLS, additionally one non-trauma hospital running a FLS responded, and were included. These 10 FLS had identified and managed 3444 non-hip fractures in the year 2019. This figure represents 19% of the expected non-hip fragility fracture numbers occurring annually in Ireland. Implementation of the IOF standards was very variable. All sites reported being inadequately resourced to provide a high-quality service necessary to be effective. CONCLUSION The existence and functioning of FLS in Ireland are heterogeneous and suboptimal. A national policy to support the implementation of this programme in line with international standards of patient care is urgently needed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A Glynn
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - K Franks
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
| | - J J Carey
- University Hospital Galway, Galway, Ireland
| | - D O'Gradaigh
- University Hospital Waterford, Waterford, Ireland
| | - P Kenny
- Connolly Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - D Askin
- Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - E Butler
- Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Sweeney
- St. Vincent's University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Conlon
- Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, Drogheda, Ireland
| | - B McGregor
- Letterkenny University Hospital, Donegal, Ireland
| | - R Lannon
- St. James' Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - B Rooney
- Sligo University Hospital, Sligo, Ireland
| | - I Pillai
- Tipperary University Hospital, Tipperary, Ireland
| | - C Fitzgerald
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
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2
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Koenig SG, Green KL, Müller B, Sowell CG, Askin D, Gosselin F. Development of a practical synthesis to PI3K α-selective inhibitor GDC-0326. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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3
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Downey C, Flannery S, Abd Wahab EH, Askin D, O'Kelly P, Shortt CP, O'Daly BJ, Quinlan JF. The Patient's Second Hip Fracture - One in Ten. Ir Med J 2020; 113:93. [PMID: 32816428] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Introduction The number of fragility hip fractures (>60 years) are estimated to triple/quadruple by 2050. It is estimated that the prevalence of patient's contralateral hip fractures (HF2s) will increase also. Methods Single hospital, Retrospective review, 2013-2017, Radiograph review, n = 822. Results Management of patient's 2nd hip fractures accounted for 10.5% of all hip fracture surgeries. ~50% occurred within 3 years of the 1st hip fracture. There was no statistically significant difference in discharge destination, length-of-stay or mortality between the HF1 and HF2 cohorts. Discussion Patients with HF2s comprised a significant and stable proportion of all hip fractures treated. We advocate for the provision of a Fracture Liaison Service in each of the 16 hip fracture operating hospitals in Ireland to optimise the secondary prevention of hip fractures.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Downey
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24
| | - S Flannery
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24
| | - E H Abd Wahab
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24
| | - D Askin
- Department of Nursing, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24
| | - P O'Kelly
- Departments of Nephrology and Transplantation, Beaumont Hospital
| | - C P Shortt
- Department of Radiology, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24
| | - B J O'Daly
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24
| | - J F Quinlan
- Department of Trauma & Orthopaedics, Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin 24
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Remarchuk T, Angelaud R, Askin D, Kumar A, Thompson AS, Cheng H, Reichwein JF, Chen Y, St-Jean F. Manufacture of the PI3K β-Sparing Inhibitor Taselisib. Part 1: Early-Stage Development Routes to the Bromobenzoxazepine Core. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Travis Remarchuk
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Rémy Angelaud
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David Askin
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Archana Kumar
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Andrew S. Thompson
- J-Star Research, Inc., 3001 Hadley Road, Suites 1−4, South Plainfield, New Jersey 07080, United States
| | - Hua Cheng
- J-Star Research, Inc., 3001 Hadley Road, Suites 1−4, South Plainfield, New Jersey 07080, United States
| | - John F. Reichwein
- J-Star Research, Inc., 3001 Hadley Road, Suites 1−4, South Plainfield, New Jersey 07080, United States
| | - Yanping Chen
- J-Star Research, Inc., 3001 Hadley Road, Suites 1−4, South Plainfield, New Jersey 07080, United States
| | - Frédéric St-Jean
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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5
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Finnegan J, Brien HO, Khan W, Harkins P, Askin D, Kennelly S, Coughlan T. 289Bone Health in OrthoRehab - Room to Improve or a Bone of Contention? Age Ageing 2018. [DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy140.210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Helen O Brien
- Peamount Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | | | | | | | - Sean Kennelly
- Peamount Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Tara Coughlan
- Peamount Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Tallaght Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
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6
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Linghu X, Segraves NL, Abramovich I, Wong N, Müller B, Neubauer N, Fantasia S, Rieth S, Bachmann S, Jansen M, Sowell CG, Askin D, Koenig SG, Gosselin F. Cover Feature: Highly Efficient Synthesis of a Staphylococcus aureus
Targeting Payload to Enable the First Antibody-Antibiotic Conjugate (Chem. Eur. J. 12/2018). Chemistry 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201706013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Linghu
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Nathaniel L. Segraves
- Department of Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry and Quality Control; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Ifat Abramovich
- Department of Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry and Quality Control; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Nicholas Wong
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Barbara Müller
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Nadja Neubauer
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Serena Fantasia
- Pharma Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Rieth
- Pharma Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bachmann
- Pharma Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Michael Jansen
- Pharma Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - C. Gregory Sowell
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - David Askin
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Stefan G. Koenig
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Francis Gosselin
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
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7
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Linghu X, Segraves NL, Abramovich I, Wong N, Müller B, Neubauer N, Fantasia S, Rieth S, Bachmann S, Jansen M, Sowell CG, Askin D, Koenig SG, Gosselin F. Highly Efficient Synthesis of a Staphylococcus aureus
Targeting Payload to Enable the First Antibody-Antibiotic Conjugate. Chemistry 2017; 24:2837-2840. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201705392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xin Linghu
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Nathaniel L. Segraves
- Department of Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry and Quality Control; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Ifat Abramovich
- Department of Small Molecule Analytical Chemistry and Quality Control; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Nicholas Wong
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Barbara Müller
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Nadja Neubauer
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Serena Fantasia
- Pharma Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Sebastian Rieth
- Pharma Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Stephan Bachmann
- Pharma Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - Michael Jansen
- Pharma Technical Development, Process Chemistry & Catalysis; F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd.; Grenzacherstrasse 124 4070 Basel Switzerland
| | - C. Gregory Sowell
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - David Askin
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Stefan G. Koenig
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
| | - Francis Gosselin
- Department of Small Molecule Process Chemistry; Genentech, Inc.; 1 DNA Way South San Francisco, CA 94080 USA
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8
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Fitzgerald G, Askin D, McDonald N, Mullan R. 152. SMOKING PREDICTS VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY IN A FRAGILITY FRACTURE POPULATION. Rheumatology (Oxford) 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kex062.153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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9
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Tian Q, Hoffmann U, Humphries T, Cheng Z, Hidber P, Yajima H, Guillemot-Plass M, Li J, Bromberger U, Babu S, Askin D, Gosselin F. A Practical, Protecting-Group-Free Synthesis of a PI3K/mTOR Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/op500366s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Tian
- Small Molecule
Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ursula Hoffmann
- Pharma Technical
Development PTDCA, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Theresa Humphries
- Small Molecule
Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Zhigang Cheng
- Small Molecule
Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Pirmin Hidber
- Pharma Technical
Development PTDCA, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Herbert Yajima
- Small Molecule
Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Maud Guillemot-Plass
- Pharma Technical
Development PTDCA, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Jane Li
- Small Molecule
Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Ulrike Bromberger
- Pharma Technical
Development PTDCA, F. Hoffmann-La Roche AG, Grenzacherstrasse 124, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
| | - Srinivasan Babu
- Small Molecule
Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David Askin
- Small Molecule
Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Francis Gosselin
- Small Molecule
Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., 1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
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10
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Remarchuk T, St-Jean F, Carrera D, Savage S, Yajima H, Wong B, Babu S, Deese A, Stults J, Dong MW, Askin D, Lane JW, Spencer KL. Synthesis of Akt Inhibitor Ipatasertib. Part 2. Total Synthesis and First Kilogram Scale-up. Org Process Res Dev 2014. [DOI: 10.1021/op500270z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Travis Remarchuk
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Frederic St-Jean
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Diane Carrera
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Scott Savage
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Herbert Yajima
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Brian Wong
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Srinivasan Babu
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Alan Deese
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Jeffrey Stults
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Michael W. Dong
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - David Askin
- Small
Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech, Inc., a member of the Roche Group, 1 DNA
Way, South San Francisco, California 94080-4990, United States
| | - Jonathan W. Lane
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200
Walnut Street, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
| | - Keith L. Spencer
- Array BioPharma Inc., 3200
Walnut Street, Boulder, Colorado 80301, United States
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11
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Tian Q, Cheng Z, Yajima HM, Savage SJ, Green KL, Humphries T, Reynolds ME, Babu S, Gosselin F, Askin D, Kurimoto I, Hirata N, Iwasaki M, Shimasaki Y, Miki T. A Practical Synthesis of a PI3K Inhibitor under Noncryogenic Conditions via Functionalization of a Lithium Triarylmagnesiate Intermediate. Org Process Res Dev 2013. [DOI: 10.1021/op3002992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qingping Tian
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Zhigang Cheng
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Herbert M. Yajima
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Scott J. Savage
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Keena L. Green
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Theresa Humphries
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Mark E. Reynolds
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Srinivasan Babu
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Francis Gosselin
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - David Askin
- Small Molecule Process Chemistry, Genentech,
Inc.,
1 DNA Way, South San Francisco, California 94080, United States
| | - Isao Kurimoto
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 3 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-0021, Japan
| | - Norihiko Hirata
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 3 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-0021, Japan
| | - Mitsuhiro Iwasaki
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 3 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-0021, Japan
| | - Yasuharu Shimasaki
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 3 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-0021, Japan
| | - Takashi Miki
- Health & Crop Sciences Research Laboratory, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd., 3 Utajima, Nishiyodogawa-ku, Osaka 555-0021, Japan
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12
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Ansell J, Askin D. New targets for anticoagulation and future perspectives. Curr Drug Discov Technol 2012; 9:150-155. [PMID: 21838657 DOI: 10.2174/1570163811209020150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2011] [Revised: 07/11/2011] [Accepted: 08/02/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Unfractionated heparin (UFH) and the vitamin K antagonists (VKA), have been standard anticoagulants for the last 70 years. They have a widespread effect on many coagulation factors, the serine proteases for UFH and the vitamin K dependent factors for the VKAs. Refinements in the heparin molecule have occurred with the development of low molecular weight heparins and eventually, fondaparinux, the latter of which, has only indirect anti-Xa activity. In the last two decades, more target-specific drugs such as the parenteral direct thrombin inhibitors have been introduced into clinical practice (lepirudin, bivalirudin, argatroban, and desirudin) and are widely used for selected indications in hospitalized patients. More recently, the trend in anticoagulant development continues to target a specific factor either directly or indirectly. Of great interest is the recent development of many oral direct factor inhibitors, the first new agents poised to replace the VKAs. Of these, the oral direct Xa and IIa inhibitors are most promising and are far along in development. However, other coagulation factors have been considered suitable targets for drug development. The following paper discusses these agents and their selected targets, heparin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jack Ansell
- Department of Medicine, Lenox Hill Hospital, 100 East 77th St., New York, NY 10075, USA.
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Humphrey GR, Pye PJ, Zhong YL, Angelaud R, Askin D, Belyk KM, Maligres PE, Mancheno DE, Miller RA, Reamer RA, Weissman SA. Development of a Second-Generation, Highly Efficient Manufacturing Route for the HIV Integrase Inhibitor Raltegravir Potassium. Org Process Res Dev 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/op100257r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guy R. Humphrey
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Philip J. Pye
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Yong-Li Zhong
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Remy Angelaud
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - David Askin
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Kevin M. Belyk
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Peter E. Maligres
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Danny E. Mancheno
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Ross A. Miller
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Robert A. Reamer
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
| | - Steven A. Weissman
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, United States
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14
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Abstract
An efficient synthesis of HIV integrase inhibitor (S)-(-)-1 via a unique asymmetric hydrogenation of a mixture of imines/enamine 5a-5b/5c is described. Hydrogenation of the imines/enamine by a Rh(I)-Josiphos complex afforded 6 in 90% yield and 90% ee. Amide formation completed the synthesis of 1 in 58% overall yield from 2, which is readily available from 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran in a seven-step sequence. A deuterium labeling study suggests the asymmetric hydrogenation proceeds predominantly via the enamine tautomer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Zhong
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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15
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Zhong YL, Pipik B, Lee J, Kohmura Y, Okada S, Igawa K, Kadowaki C, Takezawa A, Kato S, Conlon DA, Zhou H, King AO, Reamer RA, Gauthier, Jr. DR, Askin D. Practical Synthesis of a HIV Integrase Inhibitor. Org Process Res Dev 2008. [DOI: 10.1021/op800153y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Zhong
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Brenda Pipik
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Jaemoon Lee
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Yoshinori Kohmura
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Shigemitsu Okada
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Kazunobu Igawa
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Chie Kadowaki
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Akihiro Takezawa
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Shinji Kato
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - David A. Conlon
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Hua Zhou
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Anthony O. King
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Robert A. Reamer
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - Donald R. Gauthier, Jr.
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
| | - David Askin
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A., and Department of PreClinical Development, Banyu Tsukuba Research Institute, 3 Okubo, Tsukuba-city, Ibaraki 3002611, Japan
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Pye P, Zhong YL, Jones G, Reamer R, Houk K, Askin D. A Polar Radical Pair Pathway To Assemble the Pyrimidinone Core of the HIV Integrase Inhibitor Raltegravir Potassium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200703681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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17
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Pye P, Zhong YL, Jones G, Reamer R, Houk K, Askin D. A Polar Radical Pair Pathway To Assemble the Pyrimidinone Core of the HIV Integrase Inhibitor Raltegravir Potassium. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2008; 47:4134-6. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.200703681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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18
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Loretta Secco M, Askin D, Yu CT, Garinger J, Mulaire-Cloutier C, Scharf L, Schwartzman L, Konyk D, Feldman MA. Factors affecting parenting stress among biologically vulnerable toddlers. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006; 29:131-56. [PMID: 16923678 DOI: 10.1080/01460860600846867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Parenting a child with, or at risk for, a developmental delay or disability can be stressful. Abidin's parenting stress model was used as a framework to examine how several maternal, child, and family factors predict parent stress outcomes. Stepwise regression models revealed that maternal and child factors were significant contributors to parenting stress. However, family factors (income and family functioning) were not retained. Parenting stress was lower when child (cognitive and adaptive ability) and maternal (depression and child care competence) characteristics were more positive. Child cognitive ability was a strong contributor to total parenting stress and two parenting stress subscales. Findings suggest that these parents need stress lowering interventions such as supportive child care, respite relief, and a child behaviour-focused program.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Loretta Secco
- Joint St. F.X./Cape Breton University Nursing Program, Cape Breton University, Sydney, Nova Scotia, Canada.
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Zhong YL, Zhou H, Gauthier DR, Askin D. Efficient synthesis of functionalized pyrimidones via microwave-accelerated rearrangement reaction. Tetrahedron Lett 2006. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2005.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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20
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Hansen KB, Balsells J, Dreher S, Hsiao Y, Kubryk M, Palucki M, Rivera N, Steinhuebel D, Armstrong JD, Askin D, Grabowski EJJ. First Generation Process for the Preparation of the DPP-IV Inhibitor Sitagliptin. Org Process Res Dev 2005. [DOI: 10.1021/op0500786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karl B. Hansen
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Jaume Balsells
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Spencer Dreher
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Yi Hsiao
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Michele Kubryk
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Michael Palucki
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Nelo Rivera
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Dietrich Steinhuebel
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Joseph D. Armstrong
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - David Askin
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
| | - Edward J. J. Grabowski
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, U.S.A
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21
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Abstract
A stereoselective synthesis of (R)-beta-amino acid 1 via a beta-lactam intermediate is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rémy Angelaud
- Merck Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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22
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23
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Steinhuebel D, Palucki M, Askin D, Dolling U. Synthesis of N-arylated sultams: palladium- and copper-catalyzed cross coupling of aryl halides with 1,4-butane and 1,3-propanesultams. Tetrahedron Lett 2004. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2004.02.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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24
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Zhong YL, Lee J, Reamer RA, Askin D. New Method for the Synthesis of Diversely Functionalized Imidazoles from N-Acylated α-Aminonitriles. Org Lett 2004; 6:929-31. [PMID: 15012067 DOI: 10.1021/ol036423y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text] A new general method for the synthesis of medicinally important diversely functionalized imidazoles from N-acylated alpha-aminonitriles has been developed. N-Acylated alpha-aminonitriles were reacted with triphenylphosphine and carbon tetrahalide to afford 2,4-disubstituted 5-halo-1H-imidazoles in good yield. This new methodology was applied for the synthesis of 2-butyl-4-chloro-5-hydroxymethylimidazole. These halo-imidazoles can be directly converted to 2,4,5-trisubstituted imidazoles through palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Li Zhong
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P. O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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25
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Lee J, Zhong YL, Reamer RA, Askin D. Practical Synthesis of Sultams via Sulfonamide Dianion Alkylation: Application to the Synthesis of Chiral Sultams. Org Lett 2003; 5:4175-7. [PMID: 14572278 DOI: 10.1021/ol0356183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
[reaction: see text]. A practical synthesis of sultams was developed via intramolecular sulfonamide dianion alkylation. This method has been applied toward the synthesis of chiral sultams, which are synthetically valuable as chiral auxiliaries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaemoon Lee
- Department of Process Research, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA.
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26
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Maligres PE, Waters MS, Weissman SA, McWilliams JC, Lewis S, Cowen J, Reamer RA, Volante RP, Reider PJ, Askin D. Preparation of a clinically investigated ras farnesyl transferase inhibitor. J Heterocycl Chem 2003. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.5570400206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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27
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Danishefsky S, Larson E, Askin D, Kato N. On the scope, mechanism and stereochemistry of the Lewis acid catalyzed cyclocondensation of activated dienes with aldehydes: an application to the erythronolide problem. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00291a026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 158] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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28
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Askin D, Reamer RA, Joe D, Volante RP, Shinkai I. Synthesis of the novel sarcosine and proline (FK-525) analogs of FK-506: rearrangement of the allylic ester system. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00307a013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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29
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Danishefsky S, Kato N, Askin D, Kerwin JF. Stereochemical consequences of the Lewis acid catalyzed cyclocondensation of oxygenated dienes with aldehydes. A rapid and stereoselective entry to various natural products derived from propionate. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00365a096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Askin D, Angst C, Danishefsky S. An approach to the synthesis of bactobolin and the total synthesis of N-acetylactinobolamine: some remarkably stable hemiacetals. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00380a025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Danishefsky S, Larson ER, Askin D. Stereochemical variations in the cyclocondensation of aldehydes with siloxydienes. An application to the erythronolide series. J Am Chem Soc 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/ja00387a055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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35
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Askin D, Wallace MA, Vacca JP, Reamer RA, Volante RP, Shinkai I. Highly diastereoselective alkylations of chiral amide enolates: new routes to hydroxyethylene dipeptide isostere inhibitors of HIV-1 protease. J Org Chem 2002. [DOI: 10.1021/jo00036a004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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37
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Kuma H, Abe Y, Askin D, Bruce LJ, Hamasaki T, Tanner MJA, Hamasaki N. Molecular basis and functional consequences of the dominant effects of the mutant band 3 on the structure of normal band 3 in Southeast Asian ovalocytosis. Biochemistry 2002; 41:3311-20. [PMID: 11876639 DOI: 10.1021/bi011678+] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Southeast Asian ovalocytosis (SAO) human red cell membranes contain similar proportions of normal band 3 and a mutant band 3 with a nine amino acid deletion (band 3 SAO). We employed specific chemical modification and proteolytic cleavage to probe the structures of band 3 in normal and SAO membranes. When the membranes were modified specifically at lysine residues with N-hydroxysulfosuccinimide-SS-biotin, band 3 Lys-851 was not modified in normal membranes but quantitatively modified in SAO membranes. Normal and SAO membranes showed different patterns of band 3 proteolytic cleavage. Notably, many sites cleaved in normal membranes were not cleaved in SAO membranes, despite the presence of normal band 3 in these membranes. The mutant band 3 changes the structure of essentially all the normal band 3 present in the SAO membranes, and these changes extend throughout the normal band 3 molecules. The results also imply that band 3 in SAO membranes is present as hetero-tetramers or higher hetero-oligomers. The dominant structural effects of band 3 SAO on the other band 3 allele have important consequences on the functional and hematological properties of human red cells heterozygous for band 3 SAO. Analysis of the altered profile of biotinylation and protease cleavage sites suggests the location of exposed surfaces in the band 3 membrane domain and identifies likely interacting regions within the molecule. Our approach provides a sensitive method for studying structural changes in polytopic membrane proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiroyuki Kuma
- Department of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
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38
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Maligres PE, Waters MM, Lee J, Reamer RA, Askin D, Ashwood MS, Cameron M. Stereocontrolled preparation of a nonpeptidal (-)-spirobicyclic NK-1 receptor antagonist. J Org Chem 2002; 67:1093-101. [PMID: 11846649 DOI: 10.1021/jo0157472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The synthesis of a spirobicyclic NK-1 receptor (Substance-P) antagonist 1 antipode is described. Retrosynthetic analysis reveals an allylic halide A bearing the cyclopropoxy-substituted aryl group and a 2-phenyl-3-piperidone B. The stereochemistry in the spirobicyclic system bearing three chiral centers is initially set via a highly diastereoselective zinc-mediated coupling of the allylic bromide 23 to the optically active ketopiperidine 3. The remaining benzylic asymmetric center is set by a diastereoselective hydroboration followed by cyclization to the spirobicyclic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter E Maligres
- Department of Process Research, Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, Merck & Co., Inc., Hertford Road, Hoddesdon, Hertfordshire, EN11 9BU, UK.
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39
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Lee J, Hoang T, Lewis S, Weissman SA, Askin D, Volante R, Reider P. Asymmetric synthesis of (2S,3S)-3-hydroxy-2-phenylpiperidine via ring expansion. Tetrahedron Lett 2001. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(01)01223-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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40
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See Waters M, Cowen JA, McWilliams J, Maligres PE, Askin D. Thiol addition to aryl propargyl alcohols under mild conditions: an accelerating neighboring group effect. Tetrahedron Lett 2000. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(99)02040-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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41
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Groves JD, Parker MD, Askin D, Falson P, le Maire M, Tanner MJ. Heterologous expression of the red-cell anion exchanger (band 3; AE1). Biochem Soc Trans 1999; 27:917-23. [PMID: 10830128 DOI: 10.1042/bst0270917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J D Groves
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, U.K
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42
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Abstract
Nurse practitioners in Canada have experienced many of the problems facing those in the UK. In this paper, first presented at this year's meeting of the Commonwealth Nurses' Federation, the authors explain the events.
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43
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44
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Chartrain M, Maligres P, Cohen D, Upadhyay V, Pecore V, Askin D, Greasham R. Porcine liver esterase-catalyzed enantioselective hydrolysis of a prochiral diester into its optically pure (S)-ester acid, a precursor to a growth hormone secretagogue. J Biosci Bioeng 1999; 87:386-9. [PMID: 16232487 DOI: 10.1016/s1389-1723(99)80051-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/1998] [Accepted: 12/20/1998] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
A limited screen of several commercially-available and internally-produced lipases and esterases identified porcine liver esterase as a suitable biocatalyst for the enantioselective hydrolysis of a diester into its (S)-ester acid with high optical purity (99%). This (S)-ester acid is a precursor to an experimental growth hormone secretagogue. After identifying xanthan gum as the best emulsifier and optimizing the reaction conditions, hydrolysis rates of 1 g/l.h and final (S)-ester acid (ee > 99%) titers of about 8.5 g/l were routinely achieved. This process supported the production of preparative amounts of optically pure (S)-ester (ee > 99%) with a high reaction yield of 82%. Upon purification, the (S)-ester was successfully used in the subsequent synthetic steps to yield the growth hormone secretagogue.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Chartrain
- Department of Bioprocess R&D, Merck Research Laboratories, P.O. Box 2000 RY80Y-105, Rahway, New Jersey 07065, USA
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45
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Maligres PE, Chartrain MM, Upadhyay V, Cohen D, Reamer RA, Askin D, Volante RP, Reider PJ. Preparation of (S)-3-Carbethoxy-3-benzylpiperidine and the Growth Hormone Secretagogue L-163,540. J Org Chem 1998. [DOI: 10.1021/jo980990v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Peter E. Maligres
- Department of Process Research and Department of Bioprocess Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Michel M. Chartrain
- Department of Process Research and Department of Bioprocess Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Veena Upadhyay
- Department of Process Research and Department of Bioprocess Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Deborah Cohen
- Department of Process Research and Department of Bioprocess Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Robert A. Reamer
- Department of Process Research and Department of Bioprocess Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - David Askin
- Department of Process Research and Department of Bioprocess Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - R. P. Volante
- Department of Process Research and Department of Bioprocess Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
| | - Paul J. Reider
- Department of Process Research and Department of Bioprocess Research, Merck Research Laboratories, Merck & Co. Inc., P.O. Box 2000, Rahway, New Jersey 07065
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46
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Askin D. The synthesis of indinavir and other clinically useful HIV-1 protease inhibitors. Curr Opin Drug Discov Devel 1998; 1:338-348. [PMID: 19649808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- D Askin
- Merck Research Laboratories, R801-213, PO Box 2000, Rahway, NJ 07065, USA.
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47
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Weissman SA, Lewis S, Askin D, Volante R, Reider PJ. Efficient synthesis of N-arylpiperazinones via a selective intramolecular Mitsunobu cyclodehydration. Tetrahedron Lett 1998. [DOI: 10.1016/s0040-4039(98)01670-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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48
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Askin D, Bloomberg GB, Chambers EJ, Tanner MJ. NMR solution structure of a cytoplasmic surface loop of the human red cell anion transporter, band 3. Biochemistry 1998; 37:11670-8. [PMID: 9709005 DOI: 10.1021/bi973158d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The membrane domain of the human red cell anion transport protein, band 3, is too large to be studied by solution nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR), and its amphiphilic nature requires the use of detergents for solubilization. An alternative approach is to divide the protein into smaller (trans-membrane or surface loop) domains for NMR study. We report the structure of a 46-residue synthetic peptide that corresponds to the cytoplasmic surface loop connecting the putative 12th and 13th trans-membrane spans (residues 796-841) in the 14 span model of band 3. This peptide was shown by circular dichroism (CD) to be 38% helical in 30% trifluoroacetic acid. Two regions of helix (one close to the N-terminus of the peptide and one close to the C-terminus of the peptide) were identified by NMR. Long-range nuclear Overhauser effect (NOE) cross-peaks showed the two helices to be in near proximity. The helices were separated by a proline-rich loop that exhibited local order but was mobile with respect to the rest of the peptide. We discuss how the NMR structure of this loop fits the current models of band 3 structure and topology and the results of recent mutagenesis experiments. A cyclic version of this peptide was synthesized and studied by CD, but NMR studies were not possible due to the low solubility of this peptide.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Askin
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, Bristol University, UK
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Chambers EJ, Askin D, Bloomberg GB, Ring SM, Tanner MJ. Studies on the structure of a transmembrane region and a cytoplasmic loop of the human red cell anion exchanger (band 3, AE1). Biochem Soc Trans 1998; 26:516-20. [PMID: 9765907 DOI: 10.1042/bst0260516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- E J Chambers
- Department of Biochemistry, School of Medical Sciences, University of Bristol, UK
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