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Munoz MA, Skinner OP, Masle-Farquhar E, Jurczyluk J, Xiao Y, Fletcher EK, Kristianto E, Hodson MP, O'Donoghue SI, Kaur S, Brink R, Zahra DG, Deenick EK, Perry KA, Robertson AA, Mehr S, Hissaria P, Mulders-Manders CM, Simon A, Rogers MJ. Increased core body temperature exacerbates defective protein prenylation in mouse models of mevalonate kinase deficiency. J Clin Invest 2022; 132:160929. [PMID: 36189795 PMCID: PMC9525117 DOI: 10.1172/jci160929] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is characterized by recurrent fevers and flares of systemic inflammation, caused by biallelic loss-of-function mutations in MVK. The underlying disease mechanisms and triggers of inflammatory flares are poorly understood because of the lack of in vivo models. We describe genetically modified mice bearing the hypomorphic mutation p.Val377Ile (the commonest variant in patients with MKD) and amorphic, frameshift mutations in Mvk. Compound heterozygous mice recapitulated the characteristic biochemical phenotype of MKD, with increased plasma mevalonic acid and clear buildup of unprenylated GTPases in PBMCs, splenocytes, and bone marrow. The inflammatory response to LPS was enhanced in compound heterozygous mice and treatment with the NLRP3 inflammasome inhibitor MCC950 prevented the elevation of circulating IL-1β, thus identifying a potential inflammasome target for future therapeutic approaches. Furthermore, lines of mice with a range of deficiencies in mevalonate kinase and abnormal prenylation mirrored the genotype-phenotype relationship in human MKD. Importantly, these mice allowed the determination of a threshold level of residual enzyme activity, below which protein prenylation is impaired. Elevated temperature dramatically but reversibly exacerbated the deficit in the mevalonate pathway and the defective prenylation in vitro and in vivo, highlighting increased body temperature as a likely trigger of inflammatory flares.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marcia A Munoz
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Oliver P Skinner
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Etienne Masle-Farquhar
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Julie Jurczyluk
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Ya Xiao
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Emma K Fletcher
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Esther Kristianto
- Victor Chang Cardiac Innovation Centre, Victor Chang Cardiac Research Institute, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Mark P Hodson
- School of Pharmacy, University of Queensland, Woolloongabba, Queensland, Australia
| | - Seán I O'Donoghue
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sandeep Kaur
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Robert Brink
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - David G Zahra
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Elissa K Deenick
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Kristen A Perry
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Avril Ab Robertson
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia
| | - Sam Mehr
- Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia
| | - Pravin Hissaria
- Royal Adelaide Hospital, SA Pathology and University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia
| | - Catharina M Mulders-Manders
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc Expertise Centre for Immunodeficiency and Autoinflammation, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Anna Simon
- Department of Internal Medicine, Radboudumc Expertise Centre for Immunodeficiency and Autoinflammation, Radboud University Medical Centre, Nijmegen, Netherlands
| | - Michael J Rogers
- Garvan Institute of Medical Research and School of Clinical Medicine, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Lehmann T, Murphy C, Zahra DG, Handel ML. Reduction of tumor necrosis factor induced nuclear factor-kappaB nuclear translocation and DNA binding by dexamethasone in human osteoarthritic synovial tissue explants. J Rheumatol 2002; 29:787-95. [PMID: 11950023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The antiinflammatory effects of glucocorticoids are mediated by several mechanisms, including inhibition of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) nuclear translocation and DNA binding. This mechanism is not evident in some cell types, including endothelial cells and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLS). We determined the effect of glucocorticoids and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) on nuclear localization and DNA binding of the transcription factor NF-kappaB in osteoarthritic (OA) synovial tissue. METHODS Explants of synovial tissue from patients undergoing joint replacement surgery for arthritis were placed in culture and treated with dexamethasone 10(-6) M for 18 h and again at 30 min prior to stimulation with TNF for a further 30 min. NF-kappaB and AP-1 DNA binding activities were determined by electrophoretic mobility shift analysis of nuclear extracts prepared from 6 whole tissue explants. Nuclear localization of NF-kappaB was determined by quantitative immunohistochemistry for Rel-A(p65) in thin sections of 5 synovial tissue explants. RESULTS TNF induced NF-kappaB nuclear translocation and DNA binding in all OA synovial tissue explants, although there were no consistent effects on AP-1 DNA binding. Dexamethasone reduced TNF stimulated nuclear translocation of RelA(p65) in all 5 OA synovial explants analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Dexamethasone partially decreased NF-kappaB DNA binding in 5 of 6 TNF stimulated explants and 4 of 6 unstimulated explants. In cultured rheumatoid arthritis and OA fibroblast-like synoviocytes and Mono Mac 6 cells the effects of dexamethasone on NF-kappaB DNA binding were not evident. CONCLUSION Dexamethasone partially inhibits TNF induced NF-kappaB DNA binding in human synovial tissue. It is feasible to use explants of intact fresh human synovium as a substrate for the action of antirheumatic drugs targeting a transcription factor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Lehmann
- St Vincent's Hospital Clinical School, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
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Zahra DG, Vancov T, Dunn JM, Hawkins NJ, Ward RL. Selectable in-vivo recombination to increase antibody library size--an improved phage display vector system. Gene X 1999; 227:49-54. [PMID: 9931430 DOI: 10.1016/s0378-1119(98)00593-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Phage display technology permits the display of libraries of random combinations of light (LC) and heavy chain (HC) antibody genes. Maximizing the size of these libraries would enable the isolation of antibodies with high affinity and specificity. In this study, the loxP/Cre system of in-vivo recombination has been employed to construct an improved vector system for the display of antibodies. In this system, the chloramphenicol acetyl transferase (CAT) gene is linked to a HC library in a donor plasmid, pUX. This CAT gene is 'silent' before recombination but active after recombination. A second acceptor phagemid, pMOX, is used for cloning the LC repertoire. Following infection with a Cre producing phage, pMOX accepts the CAT/HC library from pUX via site-specific recombination at the loxP sites. Recombinants can then be selected via chloramphenicol resistance. Using this vector system, we have generated libraries of 4x109 recombinants. Restriction analysis and Fab expression confirmed that 100% of the colonies in the library were recombinants. This system provides a stable selectable mechanism for the generation of large libraries and avoids the isolation of non-recombinants encountered with earlier in-vivo recombination systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- D G Zahra
- Department of Medical Oncology, St Vincent's Hospital, Darlinghurst, NSW 2010, Australia
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Reddel RR, De Silva R, Duncan EL, Rogan EM, Whitaker NJ, Zahra DG, Ke Y, McMenamin MG, Gerwin BI, Harris CC. SV40-induced immortalization and ras-transformation of human bronchial epithelial cells. Int J Cancer 1995; 61:199-205. [PMID: 7705948 DOI: 10.1002/ijc.2910610210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Non-tumorigenic SV40-immortalized human cells may be transformed to tumorigenicity by activated oncogenes, but the molecular genetics of this process are still poorly understood. We describe here 4SV40-transformed bronchial epithelial (BE) cell lines that became immortalized after a period of crisis, and then transfection of 6 BE lines or sub-lines with an activated c-Ha-ras (EJ-ras) oncogene. pSV2neo-transfected cells did not form any tumors in athymic nude mice. Even though each of the EJ-ras-transfected lines was shown to be expressing the mutant ras gene, only one cell line, BEAS-2B, and 2 of its sub-lines were tumorigenic after transfection. We conclude that immortalization is not sufficient for BE cells to be transformed by the EJ-ras oncogene. Thus there are at least 2 unknown genetic events in this in vitro model of carcinogenesis: escape from crisis (immortalization), and development of ability to cooperate with activated ras in tumorigenic transformation. We found no evidence that either immortalization or ability to complement ras is related to abnormalities of the SV40 T antigens, of p110RB or of p53.
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Affiliation(s)
- R R Reddel
- Children's Medical Research Institute, Westmead, Sydney, NSW, Australia
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