Abstract
Objectives
Despite the benefits of genetic counseling and testing (GCT), utilization is
particularly low among African American (AA) women who exhibit breast cancer
features that are common in BRCA-associated cancer. Underutilization is
especially problematic for AA women who are more likely to die from breast
cancer than women from any other race or ethnicity. Due to medical mistrust,
fear, and stigma that can be associated with genetic services among
racial/ethnic minorities, reliance on trusted social networks may be an
impactful strategy to increase dissemination of knowledge about hereditary
cancer risk. Informed by the social cognitive theory, the purpose of this
study is to determine: 1) which AA patients diagnosed with breast cancer and
with identified hereditary risk are sharing information about hereditary
risk with their networks; 2) the nature of the information dissemination;
and 3) if personal GCT experiences is associated with dissemination of
information about hereditary risk.
Methods
Among consented participants (n = 100) that completed an interview
administered using a 202-item questionnaire consisting of open- and
closed-ended questions, 62 patients were identified to be at higher risk for
breast cancer. Descriptive statistics, bivariable chi-square, Pearson’s
exact tests, and regression analyses were conducted to examine differences
in characteristics between high-risk participants who disseminated
hereditary risk information and participants who did not.
Results
Among high-risk participants, 25 (40%) indicated they had disseminated
information about hereditary risk to at least one member in their
family/friend network and 37 (60%) had not. Receipt of both provider
recommendations and receipt of GCT services was associated with greater odds
of disseminating information about hereditary risk with networks, OR = 4.53,
95%CI [1.33, 15.50], p = .02.
Conclusion
Interventions that increase self-efficacy gained through additional
personalized knowledge and experience gained through provider
recommendations and by undergoing GCT may facilitate information
dissemination among social/familial networks.
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