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Parashiva J, Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Santhosh CR, Narendra Kumar HK, Satish S. Insights into diversity and L-asparaginase activity of fungal endophytes associated with medicinal plant Grewia hirsuta. Braz J Microbiol 2023; 54:1573-1587. [PMID: 37480457 PMCID: PMC10484854 DOI: 10.1007/s42770-023-01045-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2023] [Indexed: 07/24/2023] Open
Abstract
L-asparaginase is used as one of the prime chemotherapeutic agents to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. The present work aimed to study the endophytic fungal diversity of Grewia hirsuta and their ability to produce L-asparaginase. A total of 1575 culturable fungal endophytes belonging to four classes, Agaricomycetes, Dothideomycetes, Eurotiomycetes, and Sordariomycetes, were isolated. The isolates were grouped into twenty-one morphotypes based on their morphological characteristics. Representative species from each group were identified based on their microscopic characteristics and evaluation of the ITS and LSU rDNA sequences. Most of the fungal endophytes were recovered from the leaves compared to other plant parts. Diaporthe sp. was the predominant genus with a colonization frequency of 8.62%. Shannon-Wiener index for diversity ranged from 2.74 to 2.88. All the plant parts showed similar Simpson's index values, indicating a uniform species diversity. Among the sixty-three fungal endophytes screened, thirty-two were identified as L-asparaginase-producing isolates. The enzyme activities of fungal endophytes estimated by the nesslerization method were found to be in the range of 4.65-0.27 IU/mL with Fusarium foetens showing maximum enzyme activity of 4.65 IU/mL. This study for the first time advocates the production of L-asparaginase from Fusarium foetens along with the endophytic fungal community composition of Grewia hirsuta. The results indicate that the fungal endophyte Fusarium foetens isolated in the present study could be a potent source of L-asparaginase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaraiah Parashiva
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | - Bettadapura Rameshgowda Nuthan
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
- Department of Microbiology, Maharani's Science College for Women, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Department of Microbiology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Chandagalu Ramesh Santhosh
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | | | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
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Parashiva J, Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Satish S. Endophytic Fungi as a Promising Source of Anticancer L-Asparaginase: A Review. Curr Microbiol 2023; 80:282. [PMID: 37450223 DOI: 10.1007/s00284-023-03392-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023]
Abstract
L-asparaginase is a tetrameric enzyme from the amidohydrolases family, that catalyzes the breakdown of L-asparagine into L-aspartic acid and ammonia. Since its discovery as an anticancer drug, it is used as one of the prime chemotherapeutic agents to treat acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Apart from its use in the biopharmaceutical industry, it is also used to reduce the formation of a carcinogenic substance called acrylamide in fried, baked, and roasted foods. L-asparaginase is derived from many organisms including plants, bacteria, fungi, and actinomycetes. Currently, L-asparaginase preparations from Escherichia coli and Erwinia chrysanthemi are used in the clinical treatment of acute lymphoblastic leukemia. However, they are associated with low yield and immunogenicity problems. At this juncture, endophytic fungi from medicinal plants have gained much attention as they have several advantages over the available bacterial preparations. Many medicinal plants have been screened for L-asparaginase producing endophytic fungi and several studies have reported potent L-asparaginase producing strains. This review provides insights into fungal endophytes from medicinal plants and their significance as probable alternatives for bacterial L-asparaginase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javaraiah Parashiva
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India
| | | | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Department of Microbiology, Yuvaraja's College, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 005, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru, Karnataka, 570 006, India.
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Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Marulasiddaswamy KM, Rao HCY, Ramesha KP, Mohana NC, Siddappa S, Darshan D, Kumara KKS, Satish S. Application of Optimized and Validated Agar Overlay TLC-Bioautography Assay for Detecting the Antimicrobial Metabolites of Pharmaceutical Interest. J Chromatogr Sci 2021; 58:737-746. [PMID: 32766714 DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmaa045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The agar overlay TLC-bioautography is one of the crucial methods for simultaneous in situ detection and separation of antimicrobial metabolites of pharmaceutical interest. The main focus of this research relies on the dereplication of an antimicrobial metabolite coriloxin derived from mycoendophytic Xylaria sp. NBRTSB-20 with a validation of agar overlay TLC-bioautography technique. This polyketide metabolite coriloxin was purified by column chromatography, and its purity was assessed by HPLC, UPLC-ESI-QTOF-MS, FT-IR and NMR spectral analysis. The antimicrobial capability of ethyl acetate extract and the purified compound coriloxin was determined by disc diffusion, minimal inhibitory concentration and agar overlay TLC-bioautography assay. The visible LOD of coriloxin antimicrobial activity was found at 10 μg for Escherichia coli and 20 μg for both Staphylococcus aureus and Fusarium oxysporum. Inter- and intra-day precision was determined as the relative standard deviation is less than 6.56%, which proved that this method was precise. The accuracy was expressed as recovery, and the values were found ranging from 91.18 to 108.73% with RSD values 0.94-2.30%, respectively. The overall findings of this investigation suggest that agar overlay TLC-bioautography assay is a suitable and acceptable method for the in situ determination of antimicrobial pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
| | | | - H C Yashavantha Rao
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru 560 012, Karnataka, India
| | | | | | - Shiva Siddappa
- Department of Studies in Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
| | - Doreraj Darshan
- Plant Cell Biotechnology, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute, Mysuru 570 005, India
| | | | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysuru 570 006, India
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Ramesha KP, Mohana NC, Nuthan BR, Rakshith D, Satish S. Antimicrobial metabolite profiling of Nigrospora sphaerica from Adiantum philippense L. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2020; 18:66. [PMID: 33094373 PMCID: PMC7581665 DOI: 10.1186/s43141-020-00080-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2020] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
Background Endophyte bestows beneficial aspects to its inhabiting host, along with a contribution to diverse structural attributes with biological potential. In this regard, antimicrobial profiling of fungal endophytes from medicinal plant Adiantum philippense revealed bioactive Nigrospora sphaerica from the leaf segment. Chemical and biological profiling through TLC–bioautography and hyphenated spectroscopic techniques confirmed the presence of phomalactone as an antimicrobial metabolite. Results The chemical investigation of the broth extract by bioassay-guided fractionation confirmed phomalactone as a bioactive antimicrobial secondary metabolite. The antimicrobial activity of phomalactone was found to be highest against Escherichia coli by disc diffusion assay. The MIC was found to be significant against both Escherichia coli and Xanthomonas campestris in the case of bacteria and dermatophyte Candida albicans at 150 μg/ml, respectively. Conclusions Overall, the results highlighted the antimicrobial potential of phomalactone from the endophyte Nigrospora sphaerica exhibiting a broad spectrum of antimicrobial activity against human and phytopathogenic bacteria and fungi. This work is the first report regarding the antibacterial activity of phomalactone.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolathuru Puttamadaiah Ramesha
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Nagabhushana Chandra Mohana
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Bettadapura Rameshgowda Nuthan
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Microbial Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India.
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Rakshith D, Gurudatt DM, Yashavantha Rao H, Chandra Mohana N, Nuthan B, Ramesha K, Satish S. Bioactivity-guided isolation of antimicrobial metabolite from Xylaria sp. Process Biochem 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2020.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Ramesha K, Mohana NC, Nuthan B, Rakshith D, Satish S. Epigenetic modulations of mycoendophytes for novel bioactive molecules. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcab.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Chandra Mohana N, Yashavantha Rao H, Rakshith D, Mithun P, Nuthan B, Satish S. Omics based approach for biodiscovery of microbial natural products in antibiotic resistance era. J Genet Eng Biotechnol 2018; 16:1-8. [PMID: 30647697 PMCID: PMC6296576 DOI: 10.1016/j.jgeb.2018.01.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2017] [Revised: 01/25/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The need for a new antibiotic pipeline to confront threat imposed by resistant pathogens has become a major global concern for human health. To confront the challenge there is a need for discovery and development of new class of antibiotics. Nature which is considered treasure trove, there is re-emerged interest in exploring untapped microbial to yield novel molecules, due to their wide array of negative effects associated with synthetic drugs. Natural product researchers have developed many new techniques over the past few years for developing diverse compounds of biopotential. Taking edge in the advancement of genomics, genetic engineering, in silico drug design, surface modification, scaffolds, pharmacophores and target-based approach is necessary. These techniques have been economically sustainable and also proven efficient in natural product discovery. This review will focus on recent advances in diverse discipline approach from integrated Bioinformatics predictions, genetic engineering and medicinal chemistry for the synthesis of natural products vital for the discovery of novel antibiotics having potential application.
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Affiliation(s)
- N. Chandra Mohana
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - H.C. Yashavantha Rao
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - D. Rakshith
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - P.R. Mithun
- Department of Life Sciences, Christ University, Bengaluru 560029, Karnataka, India
| | - B.R. Nuthan
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - S. Satish
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
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Rakshith D, Santosh P, Pradeep TP, Gurudatt DM, Baker S, Yashavantha Rao HC, Pasha A, Satish S. Application of Bioassay-Guided Fractionation Coupled with a Molecular Approach for the Dereplication of Antimicrobial Metabolites. Chromatographia 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10337-016-3188-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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Syed B, Yashavantha Rao HC, Nagendra-Prasad MN, Prasad A, Harini BP, Azmath P, Rakshith D, Satish S. Biomimetic Synthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Endosymbiotic Bacterium Inhabiting Euphorbia hirta L. and Their Bactericidal Potential. Scientifica (Cairo) 2016; 2016:9020239. [PMID: 27403378 PMCID: PMC4923596 DOI: 10.1155/2016/9020239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2015] [Accepted: 05/04/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
The present investigation aims to evaluate biomimetic synthesis of silver nanoparticles using endophytic bacterium EH 419 inhabiting Euphorbia hirta L. The synthesized nanoparticles were initially confirmed with change in color from the reaction mixture to brown indicating the synthesis of nanoparticles. Further confirmation was achieved with the characteristic absorption peak at 440 nm using UV-Visible spectroscopy. The synthesized silver nanoparticles were subjected to biophysical characterization using hyphenated techniques. The possible role of biomolecules in mediating the synthesis was depicted with FTIR analysis. Further crystalline nature of synthesized nanoparticles was confirmed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) with prominent diffraction peaks at 2θ which can be indexed to the (111), (200), (220), and (311) reflections of face centered cubic structure (fcc) of metallic silver. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) revealed morphological characteristics of synthesized silver nanoparticles to be polydisperse in nature with size ranging from 10 to 60 nm and different morphological characteristics such as spherical, oval, hexagonal, and cubic shapes. Further silver nanoparticles exhibited bactericidal activity against panel of significant pathogenic bacteria among which Pseudomonas aeruginosa was most sensitive compared to other pathogens. To the best of our knowledge, present study forms first report of bacterial endophyte inhabiting Euphorbia hirta L. in mediating synthesizing silver nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baker Syed
- Bionanotechnological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka 570006, India
| | | | | | - Ashwini Prasad
- Division of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences, JSS University, Mysore, India
| | | | - Pasha Azmath
- Bionanotechnological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka 570006, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Bionanotechnological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka 570006, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Bionanotechnological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnataka 570006, India
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Rao HCY, Rakshith D, Satish S. Antimicrobial properties of endophytic actinomycetes isolated from Combretum latifolium Blume, a medicinal shrub from Western Ghats of India. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s11515-015-1377-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Rao HCY, Baker S, Rakshith D, Satish S. Molecular profiling and antimicrobial potential of endophytic Gliomastix polychroma CLB32 inhabiting Combretum latifolium Blume. Mycology 2015; 6:176-181. [PMID: 30151327 PMCID: PMC6106067 DOI: 10.1080/21501203.2015.1113207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2015] [Indexed: 10/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Fungal endophytes as a source of bioactive metabolites have led to the development of pharmaceutical products finding new applications. In a survey of endophytic fungal biodiversity, an antimicrobial endophytic strain CLB32 was isolated from the leaf of Combretum latifolium Blume (Combretaceae) from the Western Ghats of Southern India. CLB32 was then identified as Gliomastix polychroma (KR704576) by morphological and phylogenetic analysis based on internal transcribed spacer (ITS) nuclear rDNA and intervening 5.8S rRNA gene. CLB32 here constituted the first report on incidence of endophytic fungi from C. latifolium Blume. Ethyl acetate fraction of strain CLB32 was evaluated for antimicrobial activity by disc diffusion assay. Secondary metabolites produced effectively inhibited methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (18.33 ± 0.33 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.66 ± 0.33 mm) and Candida albicans (14.00 ± 0.57 mm). Biosynthesis of these antimicrobial compounds was detected by analytical TLC-bioautography method as depicted by zone of inhibition on intensive the band. These findings suggest that G. polychroma CLB32, as a producer of natural antimicrobial drugs, could help to combat against multidrug-resistant infections and also provide baseline information for industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Yashavantha Rao
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Syed Baker
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Microbial Drugs Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, Manasagangotri, University of Mysore, Mysore570 006, Karnataka, India.,Department of Plant Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA30602, USA
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Yashavantha Rao HC, Santosh P, Rakshith D, Satish S. Molecular characterization of an endophytic Phomopsisliquidambaris CBR-15 from Cryptolepis buchanani Roem. and impact of culture media on biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites. 3 Biotech 2015; 5:165-173. [PMID: 28324573 PMCID: PMC4362740 DOI: 10.1007/s13205-014-0204-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2013] [Accepted: 02/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An endophytic fungus Phomopsis liquidambaris CBR-15, was isolated from Cryptolepis buchanani Roem. (Asclepiadaceae) and identified by its characteristic culture morphology and molecular analysis of the ITS region of rDNA and intervening 5.8S rRNA gene. The impact of different culture media on biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites was tested by disc diffusion assay. Polyketide synthase gene (PKS) of the endophytic fungus was investigated using three pairs of degenerate primers LC1-LC2c, LC3-LC5c and KS3-KS4c by PCR. TLC-bioautography method was employed to detect the antimicrobial metabolites. Antimicrobial metabolites fractionated with ethyl acetate extract showed significant antimicrobial activity against the test bacteria and fungi. Biosynthesis of antimicrobial metabolites was optimum as depicted by zone of inhibition from ethyl acetate extract cultured in potato dextrose broth. Strain CBR-15 was identified as Phomopsisliquidambaris and PKS genes of the fungus were amplified with LC3-LC5c and KS3-KS4c sets of degenerate primers. These findings suggest that endophytic P.liquidambaris CBR-15 harbor iterative type I fungal PKS gene domain which indicates the biosynthetic potential of endophytic fungi as producers of natural antimicrobial metabolites. The study also demonstrates the utilization and optimization of different culture media which best supports for the biosynthesis of the antimicrobial metabolites from P.liquidambaris.
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Affiliation(s)
- H C Yashavantha Rao
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Parthasarathy Santosh
- Plant Biotechnology Division, Unit of Central Coffee Research Institute, Coffee Board, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570 006, Karnataka, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore, 570 006, Karnataka, India.
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Baker S, Mohan Kumar K, Santosh P, Rakshith D, Satish S. Extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles by novel Pseudomonas veronii AS41G inhabiting Annona squamosa L. and their bactericidal activity. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2015; 136 Pt C:1434-1440. [PMID: 25459703 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.10.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2013] [Revised: 08/05/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In present investigation extracellular synthesis of silver nanoparticles were synthesized using cell free supernatant of Pseudomonas veronii AS41G isolated from Annona squamosa L. The bacterium significantly reduced silver nitrate to generate silver nanoparticles which was characterized with hyphenated techniques. Synthesis of silver nanoparticles preliminary confirmed by UV-Visible spectrophotometry with the intense peak at 410nm, Further FTIR analysis revealed the possible role of biomolecules in the supernatant responsible for mediating the nanoparticles formation. The XRD spectra exhibited the characteristic Bragg peaks of 100, 111, 200, and 220 facets of the face centred cubic symmetry of nanoparticles suggesting that these nanoparticles were crystalline in nature. TEM microgram showed polydispersity of nanoparticles with size ranging from 5 to 50nm. Synthesized silver nanoparticles showed antibacterial activity against human and environmental pathogens including MRSA. The study enlightens the role of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles as an emerging alternative for drug resistant microorganisms. The obtained results are promising enough to pave the environmentally benign nanoparticle synthesis processes without use of any toxic chemicals and also envision the emerging role of endophytes towards synthesis of nanoparticles. With scanty reports available on P.veronii species, a new role has been reported in this study which will be very valuable for future researchers working on it.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Baker
- Herbal Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, India
| | - K Mohan Kumar
- Trace Elements Speciation Research Laboratory, Environmental and Analytical Chemistry Division, School of Advanced Sciences, VIT University, Vellore, India
| | - P Santosh
- Coffee Board Biotechnological Research, Mysore, India
| | - D Rakshith
- Herbal Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, India
| | - S Satish
- Herbal Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, India.
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Azmath P, Baker S, Rakshith D, Satish S. Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles bearing antibacterial activity. Saudi Pharm J 2015; 24:140-6. [PMID: 27013906 PMCID: PMC4792906 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2015.01.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2014] [Accepted: 01/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycosynthesis of silver nanoparticles was achieved by endophytic Colletotrichum sp. ALF2-6 inhabiting Andrographis paniculata. Well dispersed nanoparticles were characterized using UV–Visible spectrometry with maximum absorption conferring at 420 nm. FTIR analysis revealed possible biomolecules reducing the metal salt and stabilization of nanoparticles. XRD analysis depicted the diffraction intensities exhibiting between 20 and 80 °C at 2theta angle thus conferring the crystalline nature of nanoparticles. Morphological characteristic using TEM revealed the polydispersity of nanoparticles with size ranging from 20 to 50 nm. Synthesized nanoparticles exhibited bactericidal activity against selected human pathogens. Nanoparticles mode of action was carried out to reveal DNA damage activity. Thus the present investigation reports facile fabrication of silver nanoparticles from endophytic fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pasha Azmath
- Bionano Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
| | - Syed Baker
- Bionano Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
| | - Devaraju Rakshith
- Bionano Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
| | - Sreedharamurthy Satish
- Bionano Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, India
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Rakshith D, Santosh P, Tarman K, Gurudatt D, Satish S. Dereplication strategy for antimicrobial metabolite using thin-layer chromatography-bioautography and LC-PDA-MS analysis. JPC-J PLANAR CHROMAT 2013. [DOI: 10.1556/jpc.26.2013.6.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Rakshith D, Santosh P, Satish S. Isolation and characterization of antimicrobial metabolite producing endophytic Phomopsis sp. from Ficus pumila Linn. (Moraceae). ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcas.2013.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Satish A, Punith Kumar R, Rakshith D, Satish S, Ahmed F. Antimutagenic and antioxidant activity of Ficus benghalensis stem bark and Moringa oleifera root extract. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijcas.2013.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Baker S, Rakshith D, Kavitha KS, Santosh P, Kavitha HU, Rao Y, Satish S. [Not Available]. Bioimpacts 2013; 3:111-7. [PMID: 24163802 PMCID: PMC3786792 DOI: 10.5681/bi.2013.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2012] [Revised: 01/18/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 04/30/2023]
Abstract
Plant mediated nanoparticles' synthesis has led to a remarkable progress via unfolding a green synthesis protocol towards nanoparticles' synthesis. It seems to have drawn quite an unequivocal attention with a view of reformulating the novel strategies as alternatives for popular conventional methods. Hence, the present review summarizes the literature reported thus far and envisions towards plants as emerging sources of nanofactories.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Baker
- Herbal Drug Technological Laboratory, Department of Studies in Microbiology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570 006 Karnataka, India
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