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Triller G, Garyfallos DA, Papavasiliou FN, Sklaviadis T, Stavropoulos P, Xanthopoulos K. Immunization with Genetically Modified Trypanosomes Provides Protection against Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231810629. [PMID: 36142526 PMCID: PMC9503410 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231810629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2022] [Revised: 09/07/2022] [Accepted: 09/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Transmissible spongiform encephalopathies are incurable neurodegenerative diseases, associated with the conversion of the physiological prion protein to its disease-associated counterpart. Even though immunization against transmissible spongiform encephalopathies has shown great potential, immune tolerance effects impede the use of active immunization protocols for successful prophylaxis. In this study, we evaluate the use of trypanosomes as biological platforms for the presentation of a prion antigenic peptide to the host immune system. Using the engineered trypanosomes in an immunization protocol without the use of adjuvants led to the development of a humoral immune response against the prion protein in wild type mice, without the appearance of adverse reactions. The immune reaction elicited with this protocol displayed in vitro therapeutic potential and was further evaluated in a bioassay where immunized mice were partially protected in a representative murine model of prion diseases. Further studies are underway to better characterize the immune reaction and optimize the immunization protocol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gianna Triller
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Dimitrios A. Garyfallos
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - F. Nina Papavasiliou
- Division of Immune Diversity, Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Theodoros Sklaviadis
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Pete Stavropoulos
- Laboratory of Lymphocyte Biology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10065, USA
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (K.X.); Tel.: +30-2310-997-654 (Κ.Χ.)
| | - Konstantinos Xanthopoulos
- Laboratory of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
- Institute of Applied Biosciences, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, 57001 Thermi, Greece
- Correspondence: (P.S.); (K.X.); Tel.: +30-2310-997-654 (Κ.Χ.)
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Orellana EA, Liu Q, Yankova E, Pirouz M, De Braekeleer E, Zhang W, Lim J, Aspris D, Sendinc E, Garyfallos DA, Gu M, Ali R, Gutierrez A, Mikutis S, Bernardes GJL, Fischer ES, Bradley A, Vassiliou GS, Slack FJ, Tzelepis K, Gregory RI. METTL1-mediated m 7G modification of Arg-TCT tRNA drives oncogenic transformation. Mol Cell 2021; 81:3323-3338.e14. [PMID: 34352207 PMCID: PMC8380730 DOI: 10.1016/j.molcel.2021.06.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 141] [Impact Index Per Article: 47.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Revised: 02/02/2021] [Accepted: 06/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The emerging "epitranscriptomics" field is providing insights into the biological and pathological roles of different RNA modifications. The RNA methyltransferase METTL1 catalyzes N7-methylguanosine (m7G) modification of tRNAs. Here we find METTL1 is frequently amplified and overexpressed in cancers and is associated with poor patient survival. METTL1 depletion causes decreased abundance of m7G-modified tRNAs and altered cell cycle and inhibits oncogenicity. Conversely, METTL1 overexpression induces oncogenic cell transformation and cancer. Mechanistically, we find increased abundance of m7G-modified tRNAs, in particular Arg-TCT-4-1, and increased translation of mRNAs, including cell cycle regulators that are enriched in the corresponding AGA codon. Accordingly, Arg-TCT expression is elevated in many tumor types and is associated with patient survival, and strikingly, overexpression of this individual tRNA induces oncogenic transformation. Thus, METTL1-mediated tRNA modification drives oncogenic transformation through a remodeling of the mRNA "translatome" to increase expression of growth-promoting proteins and represents a promising anti-cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Esteban A Orellana
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Qi Liu
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Eliza Yankova
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Storm Therapeutics Ltd., Moneta Building (B280), Babraham Research Campus, Cambridge CB22 3AT, UK
| | - Mehdi Pirouz
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Etienne De Braekeleer
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Wencai Zhang
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Jihoon Lim
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Demetrios Aspris
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Karaiskakio Foundation, Nicandrou Papamina Avenue, 2032 Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Erdem Sendinc
- Division of Newborn Medicine and Epigenetics Program, Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Dimitrios A Garyfallos
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Muxin Gu
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Raja Ali
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Alejandro Gutierrez
- Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Sigitas Mikutis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Gonçalo J L Bernardes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Eric S Fischer
- Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Cancer Biology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Allan Bradley
- Cambridge Institute of Therapeutic Immunology & Infectious Disease (CITIID), University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Karaiskakio Foundation, Nicandrou Papamina Avenue, 2032 Nicosia, Cyprus; Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK
| | - Frank J Slack
- Department of Pathology, Cancer Center, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Konstantinos Tzelepis
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge CB10 1SA, UK; Milner Therapeutics Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK; Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Puddicombe Way, Cambridge CB2 0AW, UK.
| | - Richard I Gregory
- Stem Cell Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Biological Chemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Division of Hematology/Oncology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA; Harvard Initiative for RNA Medicine, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
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3
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Kotsaris G, Kerselidou D, Koutsoubaris D, Constantinou E, Malamas G, Garyfallos DA, Ηatzivassiliou EG. TRAF3 can interact with GMEB1 and modulate its anti-apoptotic function. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 27:7. [PMID: 32514408 PMCID: PMC7257233 DOI: 10.1186/s40709-020-00117-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background Members of Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF) Receptor-Associated Factors (TRAFs) family interact with the cytoplasmic tails of TNF receptor family members to mediate signal transduction processes. TRAF3 has a major immunomodulatory function and TRAF3 deficiency has been linked to malignancies, such as multiple myeloma and lymphoid defects. In order to characterize the molecular mechanisms of TRAF3 signaling, the yeast two-hybrid system was used to identify proteins that interact with TRAF3. Results The yeast two-hybrid screen of a human B cell cDNA library with TRAF3 as bait, identified Glucocorticoid Modulatory Element-Binding Protein 1 (GMEB1) as a TRAF3-interacting protein. Previous studies indicated that GMEB1 functions as a potent inhibitor of caspase activation and apoptosis. The interaction of TRAF3 and GMEB1 proteins was confirmed in mammalian cells lines, using immunoprecipitation assays. The RING and TRAF-C domains of TRAF3 were not essential for this interaction. The overexpression of TRAF3 protein enhanced the anti-apoptotic function of GMEB1 in HeLa cells. On the other hand, downregulation of TRAF3 by RNA interference decreased significantly the ability of GMEB1 to inhibit apoptosis. In addition, LMP1(1–231), a truncated form of the EBV oncoprotein LMP1, that can interact and oligomerize with TRAF3, was also able to cooperate with GMEB1, in order to inhibit apoptosis. Conclusions Our protein-interaction experiments demonstrated that TRAF3 can interact with GMEB1, which is an inhibitor of apoptosis. In addition, cell viability assays showed that overexpression of TRAF3 enhanced the anti-apoptotic activity of GMEB1, supporting a regulatory role of TRAF3 in GMEB1-mediated inhibition of apoptosis. Better understanding of the molecular mechanism of TRAF3 function will improve diagnostics and targeted therapeutic approaches for TRAF3-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Kotsaris
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia Greece.,Present Address: Institute for Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Thielallee 63, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Despoina Kerselidou
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia Greece.,Present Address: Université de Liège, Place du 20-Août, 7 B, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Dimitrios Koutsoubaris
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia Greece
| | - Elena Constantinou
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia Greece
| | - George Malamas
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia Greece
| | - Dimitrios A Garyfallos
- Department of Genetics, Development and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia Greece.,Present Address: Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SA UK
| | - Eudoxia G Ηatzivassiliou
- Department of Medicine, School of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, University Campus, 54124 Thessaloniki, Macedonia Greece
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4
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Tzelepis K, De Braekeleer E, Aspris D, Barbieri I, Vijayabaskar MS, Liu WH, Gozdecka M, Metzakopian E, Toop HD, Dudek M, Robson SC, Hermida-Prado F, Yang YH, Babaei-Jadidi R, Garyfallos DA, Ponstingl H, Dias JML, Gallipoli P, Seiler M, Buonamici S, Vick B, Bannister AJ, Rad R, Prinjha RK, Marioni JC, Huntly B, Batson J, Morris JC, Pina C, Bradley A, Jeremias I, Bates DO, Yusa K, Kouzarides T, Vassiliou GS. SRPK1 maintains acute myeloid leukemia through effects on isoform usage of epigenetic regulators including BRD4. Nat Commun 2018; 9:5378. [PMID: 30568163 PMCID: PMC6300607 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-018-07620-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently identified the splicing kinase gene SRPK1 as a genetic vulnerability of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we show that genetic or pharmacological inhibition of SRPK1 leads to cell cycle arrest, leukemic cell differentiation and prolonged survival of mice transplanted with MLL-rearranged AML. RNA-seq analysis demonstrates that SRPK1 inhibition leads to altered isoform levels of many genes including several with established roles in leukemogenesis such as MYB, BRD4 and MED24. We focus on BRD4 as its main isoforms have distinct molecular properties and find that SRPK1 inhibition produces a significant switch from the short to the long isoform at the mRNA and protein levels. This was associated with BRD4 eviction from genomic loci involved in leukemogenesis including BCL2 and MYC. We go on to show that this switch mediates at least part of the anti-leukemic effects of SRPK1 inhibition. Our findings reveal that SRPK1 represents a plausible new therapeutic target against AML.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konstantinos Tzelepis
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.
| | - Etienne De Braekeleer
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Demetrios Aspris
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Karaiskakio Foundation, Nicosia, Cyprus
| | - Isaia Barbieri
- Division of Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, CB2 0QQ, Cambridge, UK
| | - M S Vijayabaskar
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Wen-Hsin Liu
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Malgorzata Gozdecka
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
| | - Emmanouil Metzakopian
- UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Cambridge, Hills Rd, Cambridge, CB2 0AH, UK
| | - Hamish D Toop
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Exonate Ltd, Milton Science Park, Cambridge, UK
| | - Monika Dudek
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Samuel C Robson
- School of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Portsmouth, White Swan Road, Portsmouth, PO1 2DT, UK
| | - Francisco Hermida-Prado
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Yu Hsuen Yang
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | | | - Dimitrios A Garyfallos
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Hannes Ponstingl
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Joao M L Dias
- Cancer Molecular Diagnosis Laboratory, National Institute for Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Paolo Gallipoli
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | | | - Binje Vick
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), 81377, Munich, Germany
| | - Andrew J Bannister
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK
| | - Roland Rad
- Institute of Molecular Oncology and Functional Genomics, Department of Medicine II and TranslaTUM Cancer Center, Technical University of Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, & German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Rab K Prinjha
- Epigenetics DPU, Immunoinflammation and Oncology TA Unit, GSK Medicines Research Centre, Gunnels Wood Road, Stevenage, SG1 2NY, UK
| | - John C Marioni
- Cancer Research UK Cambridge Institute, University of Cambridge, Robinson Way, Cambridge, CB2 0RE, UK
- European Bioinformatics Institute, Wellcome Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridgeshire, CB10 1SD, UK
- Stem Cell Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Brian Huntly
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK
| | | | - Jonathan C Morris
- School of Chemistry, University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
- Exonate Ltd, Milton Science Park, Cambridge, UK
| | - Cristina Pina
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK
| | - Allan Bradley
- Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Genome Campus, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK
| | - Irmela Jeremias
- Research Unit Apoptosis in Hematopoietic Stem Cells, Helmholtz Zentrum München, German Research Center for Environmental Health (HMGU), 81377, Munich, Germany
- German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, & German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), Heidelberg, Germany
- Department of Pediatrics, Dr. von Hauner Children's Hospital, Ludwig Maximilians University München, 80337, Munich, Germany
| | - David O Bates
- Exonate Ltd, Milton Science Park, Cambridge, UK
- Cancer Biology, Division of Cancer and Stem Cells, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, NG2 7UH, UK
| | - Kosuke Yusa
- Stem Cell Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
| | - Tony Kouzarides
- Gurdon Institute and Department of Pathology, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge, CB2 1QN, UK.
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, Cambridge, CB10 1SA, UK.
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0XY, UK.
- Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, CB2 0PT, UK.
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5
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Gozdecka M, Meduri E, Mazan M, Tzelepis K, Dudek M, Knights AJ, Pardo M, Yu L, Choudhary JS, Metzakopian E, Iyer V, Yun H, Park N, Varela I, Bautista R, Collord G, Dovey O, Garyfallos DA, De Braekeleer E, Kondo S, Cooper J, Göttgens B, Bullinger L, Northcott PA, Adams D, Vassiliou GS, Huntly BJP. UTX-mediated enhancer and chromatin remodeling suppresses myeloid leukemogenesis through noncatalytic inverse regulation of ETS and GATA programs. Nat Genet 2018; 50:883-894. [PMID: 29736013 PMCID: PMC6029661 DOI: 10.1038/s41588-018-0114-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The histone H3 Lys27-specific demethylase UTX (or KDM6A) is targeted by loss-of-function mutations in multiple cancers. Here, we demonstrate that UTX suppresses myeloid leukemogenesis through noncatalytic functions, a property shared with its catalytically inactive Y-chromosome paralog, UTY (or KDM6C). In keeping with this, we demonstrate concomitant loss/mutation of KDM6A (UTX) and UTY in multiple human cancers. Mechanistically, global genomic profiling showed only minor changes in H3K27me3 but significant and bidirectional alterations in H3K27ac and chromatin accessibility; a predominant loss of H3K4me1 modifications; alterations in ETS and GATA-factor binding; and altered gene expression after Utx loss. By integrating proteomic and genomic analyses, we link these changes to UTX regulation of ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling, coordination of the COMPASS complex and enhanced pioneering activity of ETS factors during evolution to AML. Collectively, our findings identify a dual role for UTX in suppressing acute myeloid leukemia via repression of oncogenic ETS and upregulation of tumor-suppressive GATA programs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malgorzata Gozdecka
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Eshwar Meduri
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Milena Mazan
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | | | - Monika Dudek
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Andrew J Knights
- Genomics of Gene Regulation, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Mercedes Pardo
- Proteomic Mass Spectrometry, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Lu Yu
- Proteomic Mass Spectrometry, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Jyoti S Choudhary
- Proteomic Mass Spectrometry, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | | | - Vivek Iyer
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Haiyang Yun
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Naomi Park
- Sequencing Research Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Ignacio Varela
- Instituto de Biomedicina y Biotecnología de Cantabria (CSIC-UC-Sodercan), Departamento de Biología Molecular, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain
| | - Ruben Bautista
- New Pipeline Group, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust Genome Campus, Hinxton, UK
| | - Grace Collord
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Oliver Dovey
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | | | | | - Saki Kondo
- Laboratory of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Medical Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Jonathan Cooper
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - Berthold Göttgens
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council, Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - Lars Bullinger
- Department of Internal Medicine III, Ulm University Medical Centre, Ulm, Germany
- Medical Department, Division of Hematology, Oncology and Tumour Immunology, Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Paul A Northcott
- Division of Pediatric Neurooncology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
- Developmental Neurobiology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN, USA
| | - David Adams
- Experimental Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK
| | - George S Vassiliou
- Haematological Cancer Genetics, Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute, Hinxton, UK.
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK.
| | - Brian J P Huntly
- Wellcome Trust-MRC Stem Cell Institute, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Cambridge Institute for Medical Research and Wellcome Trust-Medical Research Council, Stem Cell Institute and Department of Haematology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
- Department of Haematology, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Trust, Cambridge, UK.
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