Spatial distribution and determinants of HIV prevalence among adults in urban Ethiopia: Findings from the Ethiopia Population-based HIV Impact Assessment Survey (2017–2018).
PLoS One 2022;
17:e0271221. [PMID:
35819961 PMCID:
PMC9491827 DOI:
10.1371/journal.pone.0271221]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The design and evaluation of national HIV programs often rely on aggregated
national data, which may obscure localized HIV epidemics. In Ethiopia, even
though the national adult HIV prevalence has decreased, little information is
available about local areas and subpopulations. To inform HIV prevention efforts
for specific populations, we identified geographic locations and drivers of HIV
transmission. We used data from adults aged 15–64 years who participated in the
Ethiopian Population-based HIV Impact Assessment survey (October 2017–April
2018). Location-related information for the survey clusters was obtained from
the 2007 Ethiopia population census. Spatial autocorrelation of HIV prevalence
data were analyzed via a Global Moran’s I test. Geographically weighted
regression analysis was used to show the relationship of covariates. The finding
indicated that uncircumcised men in certain hotspot towns and divorced or
widowed individuals in hotspot woredas/towns might have contributed to the
average increase in HIV prevalence in the hotspot areas. Hotspot analysis
findings indicated that, localized, context-specific intervention efforts
tailored to at-risk populations, such as divorced or widowed women or
uncircumcised men, could decrease HIV transmission and prevalence in urban
Ethiopia.
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