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Bogorodskiy AO, Bolkhovitina EL, Gensch T, Troyanova NI, Mishin AV, Okhrimenko IS, Braun A, Spies E, Gordeliy VI, Sapozhnikov AM, Borshchevskiy VI, Shevchenko MA. Murine Intraepithelial Dendritic Cells Interact With Phagocytic Cells During Aspergillus fumigatus-Induced Inflammation. Front Immunol 2020; 11:298. [PMID: 32161590 PMCID: PMC7053491 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.00298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
People are constantly exposed to airborne fungal spores, including Aspergillus fumigatus conidia that can cause life-threatening conditions in immunocompromised patients or acute exacerbations in allergics. However, immunocompetent hosts do not exhibit mycoses or systemic inflammation, due to the sufficient but not excessive antifungal immune response that prevent fungal invasion. Intraepithelial dendritic cells (IE-DCs) of the conducting airway mucosa are located in the primary site of the inhalant pathogen entry; these cells can sense A. fumigatus conidia and maintain homeostasis. The mechanisms by which IE-DCs contribute to regulating the antifungal immune response and controlling conidia dissemination are not understood. To clarify the role of IE-DCs in the balance between pathogen sensing and immune tolerance we investigated the A. fumigatus conidia distribution in optically cleared mouse lungs and estimated the kinetics of the local phagocytic response during the course of inflammation. MHCII+ antigen-presenting cells, including IE-DCs, and CD11b+ phagocytes were identified by immunohistochemistry and three-dimensional fluorescence confocal laser-scanning microscopy of conducting airway whole-mounts. Application of A. fumigatus conidia increased the number of CD11b+ phagocytes in the conducting airway mucosa and induced the trafficking of these cells through the conducting airway wall to the luminal side of the epithelium. Some CD11b+ phagocytes internalized conidia in the conducting airway lumen. During the migration through the airway wall, CD11b+ phagocytes formed clusters. Permanently located in the airway wall IE-DCs contacted both single CD11b+ phagocytes and clusters. Based on the spatiotemporal characteristics of the interactions between IE-DCs and CD11b+ phagocytes, we provide a novel anatomical rationale for the contribution of IE-DCs to controlling the excessive phagocyte-mediated immune response rather than participating in pathogen uptake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrey O Bogorodskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Elena L Bolkhovitina
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Thomas Gensch
- Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-1: Molecular and Cellular Physiology), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Natalia I Troyanova
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey V Mishin
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Ivan S Okhrimenko
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia
| | - Armin Braun
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of Fraunhofer International Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Hanover, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Emma Spies
- Fraunhofer Institute for Toxicology and Experimental Medicine ITEM, Biomedical Research in Endstage and Obstructive Lung Disease Hannover (BREATH), Member of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Member of Fraunhofer International Consortium for Anti-Infective Research (iCAIR), Hanover, Germany.,Institute of Immunology, Hannover Medical School, Hanover, Germany
| | - Valentin I Gordeliy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.,Institut de Biologie Structurale, Université Grenoble Alpes-CEA-CNRS, Grenoble, France
| | - Alexander M Sapozhnikov
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
| | - Valentin I Borshchevskiy
- Research Center for Molecular Mechanisms of Aging and Age-Related Diseases, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, Dolgoprudny, Russia.,Institute of Biological Information Processing (IBI-7: Structural Biochemistry), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Marina A Shevchenko
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin and Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
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Shevchenko MA, Troyanova NI, Servuli EA, Bolkhovitina EL, Fedorina AS, Sapozhnikov AM. Study of Immunomodulatory Effects of Extracellular HSP70 in a Mouse Model of Allergic Airway Inflammation. Biochemistry (Mosc) 2017; 81:1384-1395. [PMID: 27914463 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916110158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Immunostimulatory properties of extracellular heat shock proteins 70 kDa (HSP70) became interesting for investigators a long time ago. However, in recent years a series of works showing a significant relation of the immunostimulating effects of recombinant HSP70 to contamination of the protein samples with bacterial endotoxins (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) has been published. The authors showed that intensive elimination of LPS from the protein samples resulted in inversion of immunostimulating effects of HSP70 to immunosuppressive activity of the protein. Nevertheless, at present the conception of immunostimulating, proinflammatory action of extracellular HSP70 is the most common. In this work, we studied immunomodulatory effects of exogenous HSP70 in a mouse model of allergic inflammation of airways. We also analyzed the dynamics of the level of the extracellular pool of HSP70 in the site of inflammation. The results demonstrated a considerable content of extracellular HSP70 in bronchoalveolar lavages with dynamics reflecting the stages of development of the induced inflammation. Oropharyngeal injection of exogenous HSP70 in the acute phase of allergic inflammation of airways resulted in significant suppression of the inflammatory process, which conforms to published data demonstrating an immunosuppressive activity of the extracellular pool of HSP70.
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Affiliation(s)
- M A Shevchenko
- Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 117997, Russia.
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Shevchenko MA, Bolkhovitina EL, Servuli EA, Sapozhnikov AM. Elimination of Aspergillus fumigatus conidia from the airways of mice with allergic airway inflammation. Respir Res 2013; 14:78. [PMID: 23890251 PMCID: PMC3735401 DOI: 10.1186/1465-9921-14-78] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Aspergillus fumigatus conidia can exacerbate asthma symptoms. Phagocytosis of conidia is a principal component of the host antifungal defense. We investigated whether allergic airway inflammation (AAI) affects the ability of phagocytic cells in the airways to internalize the resting fungal spores. Methods Using BALB/c mice with experimentally induced AAI, we tested the ability of neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells to internalize A. fumigatus conidia at various anatomical locations. We used light microscopy and differential cell and conidium counts to determine the ingestion potential of neutrophils and macrophages present in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). To identify phagocyte-conidia interactions in conducting airways, conidia labeled with tetramethylrhodamine-(5-(and-6))-isothiocyanate were administered to the oropharyngeal cavity of mice. Confocal microscopy was used to quantify the ingestion potential of Ly-6G+ neutrophils and MHC II+ antigen-presenting cells located in the intraepithelial and subepithelial areas of conducting airways. Results Allergen challenge induced transient neutrophil recruitment to the airways. Application of A. fumigatus conidia at the acute phase of AAI provoked recurrent neutrophil infiltration, and consequently increased the number and the ingestion potential of the airway neutrophils. In the absence of recurrent allergen or conidia provocation, both the ingestion potential and the number of BAL neutrophils decreased. As a result, conidia were primarily internalized by alveolar macrophages in both AAI and control mice at 24 hours post-inhalation. Transient influx of neutrophils to conducting airways shortly after conidial application was observed in mice with AAI. In addition, the ingestion potential of conducting airway neutrophils in mice with induced asthma exceeded that of control mice. Although the number of neutrophils subsequently decreased, the ingestion capacity remained elevated in AAI mice, even at 24 hours post-conidia application. Conclusions Aspiration of allergen to sensitized mice enhanced the ingestion potential of conducting airway neutrophils. Such activation primes neutrophils so that they are sufficient to control dissemination of non-germinating A. fumigatus conidia. At the same time, it can be a reason for the development of sensitivity to fungi and subsequent asthma exacerbation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina A Shevchenko
- Laboratory of Cell Interactions, Department of Immunology, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Miklukho-Maklaya St. 16/10, 117997 Moscow, Russia.
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