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Bomgning CLK, Sinda PVK, Ponou BK, Fotio AL, Tsague MK, Tsafack BT, Kühlborn J, Mbuyo-Nguelefack EP, Teponno RB, Opatz T, Tapondjou LA, Nguelefack TB. Hepatoprotective effects of extracts, fractions and compounds from the stem bark of Pentaclethra macrophylla Benth: Evidence from in vitro and in vivo studies. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 136:111242. [PMID: 33486213 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.111242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 12/20/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To identify the bioactive hepatoprotective components of the ethanol extract of Pentaclethra macrophylla stem bark using in vitro and in vivo approaches. METHODS The bioguided-fractionation of the ethanol extract was based on the substances' capacity to prevent in vitro, the lipid peroxidation of hepatocytes' membranes induced by hydrogen peroxide. For the in vivo hepatoprotective test, mice were treated orally with the ethyl acetate (EtOAc) fraction of the ethanol extract at doses of 50 and 75 mg/kg/day for one week and subjected to d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide (GaIN/LPS)-induced hepatotoxicity. Blood samples were collected for alanine aminotransferase (ALAT), aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT), TNF-α and IL-1β assays. The liver was harvested for histological and biochemical (proteins, glutathione (GSH), catalase and superoxide dismutase (SOD)) analysis. RESULTS The ethanol extract and fractions induced concentration-dependent inhibition of lipid peroxidation (IC50: 3.21-48.90 μg/mL) greater than that of silymarin (IC50: 117.4 μg/mL). The purification of the sub-fractions of EtOAc fraction yielded: (7R)-7-hydroxyhexacosanoic acid (1), (7R)-1-(7-hydroxyhexacosanoyl) glycerol (2), bergenin (3), 11-O-galloylbergenin (4), 2-hydroxymethyl-5-(2-hydroxypropan-2-yl)phenol (5), β-sitosterol 3-O-β-d-glucopyranosyl (6) and β-sitosterol (7)), among which 11-O-galloylbergenin (IC50:1.8 μg/mL) was the most effective. The EtOAc fraction significantly reduced the serum level of ALAT, ASAT and TNF-α in vivo. This EtOAc fraction increased the liver protein content and protected the liver against structural damages, but did not boost the endogenous antioxidant parameters. CONCLUSION The stem bark of Pentaclethra macrophylla possesses hepatoprotective effects that may result from its capacity to inhibit lipid peroxidation and could be attributed to its active components 3, 4 and 2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cyrille Lionel Kamga Bomgning
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Pierre Valery Kemdoum Sinda
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Beaudelaire Kemvoufo Ponou
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Agathe Lambou Fotio
- Department of Zoology and Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Cameroon.
| | - Mathias Kenfack Tsague
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Borice Tapondjou Tsafack
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Jonas Kühlborn
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Elvine Pami Mbuyo-Nguelefack
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Rémy Bertrand Teponno
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Till Opatz
- Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Department of Chemistry, Duesbergweg 10-14, D-55128, Mainz, Germany.
| | - Léon Azefack Tapondjou
- Research Unit of Environmental and Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
| | - Télesphore Benoit Nguelefack
- Research Unit of Animal Physiology and Phytopharmacology, Faculty of Science, University of Dschang, P.O. Box 67, Dschang, Cameroon.
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