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Pericolini E, Gabrielli E, Ballet N, Sabbatini S, Roselletti E, Cayzeele Decherf A, Pélerin F, Luciano E, Perito S, Jüsten P, Vecchiarelli A. Therapeutic activity of a Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based probiotic and inactivated whole yeast on vaginal candidiasis. Virulence 2016; 8:74-90. [PMID: 27435998 PMCID: PMC5963212 DOI: 10.1080/21505594.2016.1213937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the most prevalent vaginal infection worldwide and Candida albicans is its major agent. Vulvovaginal candidiasis is characterized by disruption of the vaginal microbiota composition, as happens following large spectrum antibiotic usage. Recent studies support the effectiveness of oral and local probiotic treatment for prevention of recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis. Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a safe yeast used as, or for, the production of ingredients for human nutrition and health. Here, we demonstrate that vaginal administration of probiotic Saccharomyces cerevisiae live yeast (GI) and, in part, inactivated whole yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae (IY), used as post-challenge therapeutics, was able to positively influence the course of vaginal candidiasis by accelerating the clearance of the fungus. This effect was likely due to multiple interactions of Saccharomyces cerevisiae with Candida albicans. Both live and inactivated yeasts induced coaggregation of Candida and consequently inhibited its adherence to epithelial cells. However, only the probiotic yeast was able to suppress some major virulence factors of Candida albicans such as the ability to switch from yeast to mycelial form and the capacity to express several aspartyl proteases. The effectiveness of live yeast was higher than that of inactivated whole yeast suggesting that the synergy between mechanical effects and biological effects were dominant over purely mechanical effects. The protection of epithelial cells to Candida-induced damage was also observed. Overall, our data show for the first time that Saccharomyces cerevisiae-based ingredients, particularly the living cells, can exert beneficial therapeutic effects on a widespread vaginal mucosal infection.
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Gomes RJ, de Mello MAR, Caetano FH, Sibuya CY, Anaruma CA, Rogatto GP, Pauli JR, Luciano E. Effects of swimming training on bone mass and the GH/IGF-1 axis in diabetic rats. Growth Horm IGF Res 2006; 16:326-331. [PMID: 17011807 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2006.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2006] [Revised: 07/19/2006] [Accepted: 07/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the influence of moderate swimming training on the GH/IGF-1 growth axis and tibial mass in diabetic rats. Male Wistar rats were allocated to one of four groups: sedentary control (SC), trained control (TC), sedentary diabetic (SD) and trained diabetic (TD). Diabetes was induced with alloxan (35 mg/kg b.w.). The training program consisted of a 1h swimming session/day with a load corresponding to 5% of the b.w., five days/week for six weeks. At the end of the training period, the rats were sacrificed and blood was collected for quantification of the serum glucose, insulin, GH, and IGF-1 concentrations. Samples of skeletal muscle were used to quantify the IGF-1 peptide content. The tibias were collected to determine their total area, length and bone mineral content. The results were analyzed by ANOVA with P<0.05 indicating significance. Diabetes decreased the serum levels of GH and IGF-1, as well as the tibial length, total area and bone mineral content in the SD group (P<0.05). Physical training increased the serum IGF-1 level in the TC and TD groups when compared to the sedentary groups (SC and SD), and the tibial length, total area and bone mineral content were higher in the TD group than in the SD group (P<0.05). Exercise did not alter the level of IGF-1 in gastrocnemius muscle in nondiabetic rats, but the muscle IGF-1 content was higher in the TD group than in the SD group. These results indicate that swimming training stimulates bone mass and the GH/IGF-1 axis in diabetic rats.
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Leme JACA, Silveira RF, Gomes RJ, Moura RF, Sibuya CA, Mello MAR, Luciano E. Long-term physical training increases liver IGF-I in diabetic rats. Growth Horm IGF Res 2009; 19:262-266. [PMID: 19201234 DOI: 10.1016/j.ghir.2008.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2008] [Revised: 04/30/2008] [Accepted: 12/17/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes reduces the serum levels of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and physical training may prevent this reduction. Almost all circulating IGF-I is produced and secreted by the liver. To examine the influence of moderate physical training on liver IGF-1 levels in diabetes, male Wistar rats were given a single dose of alloxan (30 mg/kg b.w.) to induce diabetes and then randomly allocated to sedentary or trained groups. The training protocol consisted of a 1h swimming session/day, five days/week for eight weeks with a load corresponding to 5% of the body weight. These two groups were compared with sedentary or trained non-diabetic rats (controls). A subcutaneous insulin tolerance test (ITT) was performed at the 6th week of experiment. At the end of the training period, the rats in all groups were sacrificed and blood was collected for the quantification of hematocrit and serum glucose, insulin, triglycerides, albumin, GH and IGF-1. Skeletal muscle and hepatic glycogen levels and hepatic triglyceride, protein, DNA and IGF-I concentrations were also determined. Diabetes reduced the serum insulin, GH and IGF-I concentrations, and the hepatic protein/DNA ratio and IGF-I concentrations, but increased serum glucose and triglyceride levels. Serum glucose removal during ITT was increased in the trained diabetic animals compared to sedentary control. Physical training reduced the serum glucose and triglyceride levels but increased the muscle glycogen content and restored the hepatic protein/DNA ratio and serum and hepatic IGF-I in diabetic rats. In conclusion, long-term chronic exercise improved the metabolic state and attenuated the reduction in serum and hepatic IGF-I concentrations caused by diabetes.
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Mosci P, Gabrielli E, Luciano E, Perito S, Cassone A, Pericolini E, Vecchiarelli A. Involvement of IL-17A in preventing the development of deep-seated candidiasis from oropharyngeal infection. Microbes Infect 2014; 16:678-89. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2014.06.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2014] [Revised: 06/05/2014] [Accepted: 06/16/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Gabrielli E, Roselletti E, Luciano E, Sabbatini S, Mosci P, Pericolini E. Comparison between bioluminescence imaging technique and CFU count for the study of oropharyngeal candidiasis in mice. Cytometry A 2015; 87:428-36. [DOI: 10.1002/cyto.a.22666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2014] [Revised: 03/02/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
We report the sequence of a 2.3-kb genomic DNA fragment from the orb-web spider, Nephila clavipes (Nc). The fragment contains four regions of high homology to tRNA(Ala). The members of this irregularly spaced cluster of genes are oriented in the same direction and have the same anticodon (GCA), but their sequence differs at several positions. Initiation and termination signals, as well as consensus intragenic promoter sequences characteristic of tRNA genes, have been identified in all genes. tRNA(Ala) are involved in the regulation of the fibroin synthesis in the large ampullate Nc glands.
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Tiri B, Saraca LM, Luciano E, Burkert FR, Cappanera S, Cenci E, Francisci D. Splenic tuberculosis in a patient with newly diagnosed advanced HIV infection. IDCases 2016; 6:20-2. [PMID: 27635384 PMCID: PMC5018067 DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2016.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/29/2016] [Accepted: 08/30/2016] [Indexed: 12/04/2022] Open
Abstract
Splenic tuberculosis (TB) is a rare clinical condition usually seen as a part of miliary TB. The presence of a splenic abscess without an active TB of the lung in an Italian HIV positive patient is very uncommon. Case reports of isolated splenic TB in which microbiological and molecular examinations have been carried out to confirm the diagnosis are rare especially in low TB prevalence areas as Italy. This case report may be useful when physicians are faced with differential diagnosis of splenic mass or abscess. The extra-pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) constitutes to about 20% of all TB cases. Among extra-pulmonary form, splenic TB is very rare clinical condition especially as initial manifestation in a developed country. Diagnosis of splenic TB is challenging because it presents no specific symptoms or typical imaging findings and microbiological confirmation is not straight forward. We describe the case of a 55 year old Italian female with advanced HIV infection whose first AIDS clinical manifestation was a TB splenic abscess.On CT, the lesion was multilocular, hypovascular, 34 mm large, and presented contrast enhancement and a spoke wheel pattern; it was initially considered a cystic formation of parasitic nature. In this patient clinical manifestations were nonspecific (nightly fever, weight loss, and fatigue); as diagnostic imaging could not pinpoint the underlying etiology, microbiological and molecular examinations of spleen abscess drainage proved pivotal for the diagnosis. The patient improved clinically with antitubercular therapy. The rarityof splenic tuberculosis in an European patient coupled with the involvement of the spleen in isolation and outside the “miliary” setting prompted us to report this case.
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Case Reports |
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Luciano E, Fluixá Carrascosa C. [Mediterranean spotted fever in immunosuppressed patients]. Semergen 2021; 47:e31-e32. [PMID: 34155977 DOI: 10.1016/j.semerg.2020.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Case Reports |
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de Entrambasaguas M, Aiko-Gesler M, Luciano E, Domínguez-Cabañero EM, Terrés B, Diego-Castaño S, González-Vivas C, García-Parreño B, Lorente-Rovira E, Herraiz B, Victorio R, Cases-Bergón P. [Cognitive-behavioural group therapy for insomnia: evaluation of the results after its implementation in a health department]. Rev Neurol 2020; 70:246-250. [PMID: 32182371 DOI: 10.33588/rn.7007.2019385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) is the preferred treatment in cases of chronic insomnia disorder in adults. PATIENTS AND METHODS Open pragmatic study of 32 patients after eight sessions of group CBT for insomnia. RESULTS Remission (insomnia severity index: 0-7 points) and response (insomnia severity index drops to > 8) were 31.3% and 46.9% at one month (n = 32) and 42.8% and 52.4% at one year (n = 21), respectively, with an effect size of 1.9 at one month and 2.3 at one year. At one month, 40.6% met the criteria for a case of insomnia (according to the insomnia symptoms questionnaire), and at one year, 19%, with a significant improvement in the symptoms at night and the consequences during the day. The questions of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index on insomnia and sleep efficiency also improved. The pre-sleep arousal scale (n = 7) showed a shift from significant somatic and cognitive arousal to no arousal at one month. In the sleep diaries, total sleep time increased by an average of 53 minutes at one month (n = 14) and 76 minutes at one year (n = 10), with an increase of more than 10% in 71.4% of patients at one month and at one year, and an average sleep efficiency of more than 85%. The effect size for total sleep time and sleep efficiency was between 0.7 and 1. CONCLUSIONS Group CBT for insomnia appears to be an effective treatment option in a clinical setting.
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Ortí-Lucas RM, Luciano E. New immunomagnetic separation method to analyze risk factors for Legionella colonization in health care centres. JOURNAL OF EXPOSURE SCIENCE & ENVIRONMENTAL EPIDEMIOLOGY 2022; 32:744-750. [PMID: 35264765 PMCID: PMC8906530 DOI: 10.1038/s41370-022-00421-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It's pivotal to control the presence of legionella in sanitary structures. So, it's important to determine the risk factors associated with Legionella colonization in health care centres. In recent years that is why new diagnostic techniques have been developed. OBJECTIVE To evaluate risks factors for Legionella colonization using a novel and more sensitive Legionella positivity index. METHODS A total of 204 one-litre water samples (102 cold water samples and 102 hot water samples), were collected from 68 different sampling sites of the hospital water system and tested for Legionella spp. by two laboratories using culture, polymerase chain reaction and a method based on immunomagnetic separation (IMS). A Legionella positivity index was defined to evaluate Legionella colonization and associated risk factors in the 68 water samples sites. We performed bivariate analyses and then logistic regression analysis with adjustment of potentially confounding variables. We compared the performance of culture and IMS methods using this index as a new gold standard to determine if rapid IMS method is an acceptable alternative to the use of slower culture method. RESULTS Based on the new Legionella positivity index, no statistically significant differences were found neither between laboratories nor between methods (culture, IMS). Positivity was significantly correlated with ambulatory health assistance (p = 0.05) and frequency of use of the terminal points. The logistic regression model revealed that chlorine (p = 0.009) and the frequency of use of the terminal points (p = 0.001) are predictors of Legionella colonization. Regarding this index, the IMS method proved more sensitive (69%) than culture method (65.4%) in hot water samples. SIGNIFICANCE We showed that the frequency of use of terminal points should be considered when examining environmental Legionella colonization, which can be better evaluated using the provided Legionella positivity index. This study has implications for the prevention of Legionnaires' disease in hospital settings.
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research-article |
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de-Mello MA, Luciano E. Effects of protein malnutrition on glucose tolerance in rats with alloxan-induced diabetes. Braz J Med Biol Res 1995; 28:467-70. [PMID: 8520544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein-calorie malnutrition produces glucose intolerance and reduced insulin release in response to glucose. Rats adapted to low- or high-protein diets show an increased resistance to the diabetogenic action of a single dose of streptozotocin or alloxan. To determine the effects of dietary protein level on pancreatic function, we measured serum glucose levels under basal conditions and during the oral glucose tolerance test (GTT) performed before and after a single dose of alloxan administered to rats fed a 25% or a 6% protein diet for a period of 8 weeks. The incidence of mild hyperglycemia (serum glucose > 250 mg/dl) was greater among the rats fed the 25% protein diet (81%) than among those fed the 6% protein diet (42%). During the GTT performed before alloxan administration the serum glucose levels of the rats fed the 6% protein diet were not found to be significantly different from those of rats fed the 25% protein diet. During the GTT performed after alloxan injection all rats showed intolerance to the substrate (serum glucose > 160 mg/dl 120 min after glucose administration) regardless of whether basal serum glucose was normal or high. In summary, alloxan was less effective in producing basal hyperglycemia in the rats fed the 6% protein diet than in those fed the 25% protein diet but caused glucose intolerance during the oral GTT in both groups. Thus, it seems that feeding a 6% protein diet to rats offers only partial protection against the toxic effects of alloxan.
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Rivera R, Luciano E, Candelas GC. Cloning of DNA fragments containing alanine tRNA sequences from a spider genome. PUERTO RICO HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 1990; 9:221-5. [PMID: 2087550] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Luciano E, Linan FB. EFFECT OF FASTING AND ACUTE EXERCISE ON HEART GLYCOGEN IN TRAINED AND UNTRAINED DIABETIC RATS. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1992. [DOI: 10.1249/00005768-199205001-00553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Luciano E, Arroyo G, Candelas T, Candelas GC. Prelude activities in the synthesis of tissue-specific secretory protein products. PUERTO RICO HEALTH SCIENCES JOURNAL 1992; 11:73-6. [PMID: 1635970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
In studying the process of protein synthesis of a silk-producing organism we have found that several macromolecules must be synthesized in order for the process to occur. Through time course studies, we have found that small RNAs may play a paramount role in directing the finely orchestrated process. Alanine tRNA, U1 snRNA, and 5S RNA have been identified through Northern blotting as molecules timely and tissue-specific synthesized and upgraded as a prelude activity for the silk being produced.
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Guerino MR, Luciano E, Goncalves M, Leivas TP. Effects of chronic physical activity and of ultrasound treatment on bone consolidation. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS AND MEDICAL NMR 2000; 31:131-8. [PMID: 10816763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ultrasound treatment and physical exercise on the velocity of bone consolidation and resistance to deformation. We performed osteotomy in the upper third of the right tibia of rats. Physical training consisted of swimming 1 h per day with a load of 5% b.w. for 30 days. Therapy with medium-intensity ultrasound was applied daily on the damaged area. Wistar rats were divided into the following groups: osteotomized sedentary animals with no ultrasound treatment (1.OSnUS), osteotomized trained animals with no ultrasound treatment (2.OTnUS), osteotomized sedentary animals with ultrasound treatment (3.OSwUS), and osteotomized trained animals with ultrasound treatment (4.OTwUS). The animals were sacrificed for the following analyses: muscle glycogen, serum alkaline phosphatase at the 5th, 10th, 20th, and 30th days, test of maximum resistance to flexion, rupture flexion and mean tibial rigidity at the 30th day. Muscle glycogen was increased at the 20th day; alkaline phosphatase was elevated at the 5th and 20th days in groups 3.OSwUS and 4.OTwUS, and decreased at the 10th day. Groups 1.OSnUS and 2.OTnUS did not show significant variations. In the mechanical resistance tests, we noted that ultrasound therapy and the association of physical activity used in the present study showed significant differences in bone resistance and bone rigidity after 30 days of treatment. These facts suggest that ultrasound or physical activity, or their combination may accelerate the process of bone tissue repair.
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Pauli JR, Gomes RJ, Luciano E. [Hypothalamo-pituitary axis: effects of physical training in rats administered with dexamethasone]. Rev Neurol 2006; 42:325-31. [PMID: 16575767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
AIM To investigate the effects of physical training associated to dexamethasone administration in carbohydrate metabolism and adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) release. MATERIALS AND METHODS Young Wistar rats were divided into four groups: sedentary control (CS), sedentary dexamethasone (DxS), trained control (CT) and trained dexamethasone (DxT). The rats were submitted to swimming training associate to administration of dexamethasone for ten weekends. Before sacrifice the rats received subcutaneous insulin to calculate the maximum decreased in blood glucose. Venous blood was sampled obtained at the end experiment period to determine glucose, insulin, free fatty acids (FFA) and ACTH. Gastrocnemius and liver tissue samples were used to determination glycogen, and adipose epididymal tissue was used to measured the weight. RESULTS Dexamethasone administration provoke insulin resistance and the physical training reverted this aspect. Training promoted increase in muscle and liver glycogen store and a high utilization of FFA. Moreover, the dexamethasone provoke decreased of ACTH release in response to acute exercise, showing marked differences in the functioning of the hypothalamy-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis between groups of rats. CONCLUSIONS a) Low-dose of dexamethasone promote several side effects in metabolism intermediary and chronic exposure to steroid was associated with insulin resistance; b) The regular swimming exercise promoted increased insulin sensitivity. Therefore, exercise can override the dexamethasone negative feedback of the HPA axis activation in rats.
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English Abstract |
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Leli C, Castronari R, Levorato L, Luciano E, Pistoni E, Perito S, Bozza S, Mencacci A. Molecular sensitivity threshold of wet mount and an immunochromatographic assay evaluated by quantitative real-time PCR for diagnosis of Trichomonas vaginalis infection in a low-risk population of childbearing women. LE INFEZIONI IN MEDICINA 2016; 24:112-116. [PMID: 27367320] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Vaginal trichomoniasis is a sexually transmitted infection caused by Trichomonas vaginalis, a flagellated protozoan. Diagnosis of T. vaginalis infection is mainly performed by wet mount microscopy, with a sensitivity ranging from 38% to 82%, compared to culture, still considered the gold standard. Commercial immunochromatographic tests for monoclonal-antibody-based detection have been introduced as alternative methods for diagnosis of T. vaginalis infection and have been reported in some studies to be more sensitive than wet mount. Real-time PCR methods have been recently developed, with optimal sensitivity and specificity. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether there is a molecular sensitivity threshold for both wet mount and imunochromatographic assays. To this aim, a total of 1487 low-risk childbearing women (median age 32 years, interquartile range 27-37) were included in the study, and underwent vaginal swab for T. vaginalis detection by means of a quantitative real-time PCR assay, wet mount and an immunochromatographic test. Upon comparing the results, prevalence values observed were 1.3% for real-time PCR, 0.5% for microscopic examination, and 0.8% for the immunochromatographic test. Compared to real-time PCR, wet mount sensitivity was 40% (95% confidence interval 19.1% to 63.9%) and specificity was 100% (95% CI 99.7% to 100%). The sensitivity and specificity of the immunochromatographic assay were 57.9% (95% CI 33.5% to 79.8%) and 99.9% (95% CI 99.6% to 100%), respectively. Evaluation of the wet mount results and those of immunochromatographic assay detection in relation to the number of T. vaginalis DNA copies detected in vaginal samples showed that the lower identification threshold for both wet mount (chi-square 6.1; P = 0.016) and the immunochromatographic assay (chi-square 10.7; P = 0.002) was ≥100 copies of T. vaginalis DNA/5 mcl of eluted DNA.
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Observational Study |
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Prada FJ, Luciano E, Carneiro EM, Boschero AC, Mello MA. Protein deficiency attenuates the effects of alloxan on insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in rats. PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS AND MEDICAL NMR 2002; 33:73-82. [PMID: 11758737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
We have investigated the effect of alloxan on insulin secretion and glucose homeostasis in rats maintained on a 17% protein (normal protein, NP) or 6% protein (low protein, LP) diet from weaning (21 days old) to adulthood (90 days old). The incidence of alloxan diabetes was higher in the NP (3.5 times) than in the LP group. During an oral glucose tolerance test, the area under serum glucose curve was lower in LP (57%) than in NP rats while there were no differences between the two groups in the area under serum insulin curve. The serum glucose disappearance rate (Kitt) after exogenous insulin administration was higher in LP (50%) than in NP rats. In pancreatic islets isolated from rats not injected with alloxan, acute exposure to alloxan (0.05 mmol/L) reduced the glucose- or arginine-stimulated insulin secretion of NP islets by 78% and 56%, respectively, whereas for islets from LP rats, the reduction was 47% and 17% in the presence of glucose and arginine, respectively. Alloxan treatment reduced the glucose oxidation in islets from LP rats to a lesser extent than in NP islets (23% vs. 56%). In conclusion, alloxan was less effective in producing hyperglycemia in rats fed a low protein diet than in normal diet rats. This effect is attributable to an increased peripheral sensivity to insulin in addition to a better preservation of glucose oxidation and insulin secretion in islets from rats fed a low protein diet.
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