Position Paper on the Management of Pregnancy-Associated Superficial Venous Thrombosis. Balkan Working Group for Prevention and Treatment of Venous Thromboembolism.
Clin Appl Thromb Hemost 2022;
28:1076029620939181. [PMID:
35187959 PMCID:
PMC8864277 DOI:
10.1177/1076029620939181]
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Abstract
Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a multifactorial disease that can possibly affect
any part of venous circulation. The risk of VTE increases by about 2 fold in
pregnant women and VTE is one of the major causes of maternal morbidity and
mortality. For decades superficial vein thrombosis (SVT) has been considered as
benign, self-limiting condition, primarily local event consequently being out of
scope of well conducted epidemiological and clinical studies. Recently, the
approach on SVT has significantly changed considering that prevalence of lower
limb SVT is twice higher than both deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary
embolism (PE). The clinical severity of SVT largely depends on the localization
of thrombosis, when it concerns the major superficial vein vessels of the lower
limb and particularly the great saphenous vein. If untreated or inadequately
treated, SVT can potentially cause DVT or PE. The purpose of this review is to
discuss the complex interconnection between SVT and risk factors in pregnancy
and to provide evidence-based considerations, suggestions, and recommendations
for the diagnosis and treatment of this precarious and delicate clinical
entity.
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