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Fau-Prudhomot P, Attali H, Codron R, Locher F, Montéléon PY, Mora V, Sanchez ML, Wargon C. Accompagnement des salariés atteints de maladies chroniques par le service interentreprises de santé au travail. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2019.12.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Sala M, Locher F, Bonvallet M, Agusti G, Elaissari A, Fessi H. Diclofenac Loaded Lipid Nanovesicles Prepared by Double Solvent Displacement for Skin Drug Delivery. Pharm Res 2017. [PMID: 28631206 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-017-2201-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Herein, we detail a promising strategy of nanovesicle preparation based on control of phospholipid self-assembly: the Double Solvent Displacement. A systematic study was conducted and diclofenac as drug model encapsulated. In vitro skin studies were carried out to identify better formulation for dermal/transdermal delivery. METHODS This method consists in two solvent displacements. The first one, made in a free water environment, has allowed triggering a phospholipid pre-organization. The second one, based on the diffusion into an aqueous phase has led to liposome formation. RESULTS Homogeneous liposomes were obtained with a size close to 100 nm and a negative zeta potential around -40 mV. After incorporation of acid diclofenac, we obtained nanoliposomes with a size between 101 ± 45 and 133 ± 66 nm, a zeta potential between 34 ± 2 and 49 ± 3 mV, and the encapsulation efficiency (EE%) was between 58 ± 3 and 87 ± 5%. In vitro permeation studies showed that formulation with higher EE% dispayed the higher transdermal passage (18,4% of the applied dose) especially targeting dermis and beyond. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that our diclofenac loaded lipid vesicles have significant potential as transdermal skin drug delivery system. Here, we produced cost effective lipid nanovesicles in a merely manner according to a process easily transposable to industrial scale. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Sala
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 bd. du 11 Nov.1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pharmacie Centrale, Laboratoire de Contrôle, 57, Rue Francisque Darcieux, 69563, Saint Genis Laval, France.,School of pharmacy, ISPB (Institut des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques) of Lyon, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373, LYON CEDEX 08, France
| | - F Locher
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pharmacie Centrale, Laboratoire de Contrôle, 57, Rue Francisque Darcieux, 69563, Saint Genis Laval, France.,School of pharmacy, ISPB (Institut des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques) of Lyon, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373, LYON CEDEX 08, France
| | - M Bonvallet
- Hospices Civils de Lyon, Pharmacie Centrale, Laboratoire de Contrôle, 57, Rue Francisque Darcieux, 69563, Saint Genis Laval, France
| | - G Agusti
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 bd. du 11 Nov.1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France
| | - A Elaissari
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 bd. du 11 Nov.1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.
| | - H Fessi
- University of Lyon, University Claude Bernard Lyon-1, CNRS, LAGEP UMR 5007, 43 bd. du 11 Nov.1918, F-69622, Villeurbanne, France.,School of pharmacy, ISPB (Institut des sciences pharmaceutiques et biologiques) of Lyon, 8 avenue Rockefeller, 69373, LYON CEDEX 08, France
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Chadili N, Coll-Cabarrus M, Fau-Prudhomot P, Le Jeune C, Locher F, Montéléon PY, Sanchez-Bréchot ML, Wargon C. Effets de la situation d’aidant non professionnel sur le travail et la santé. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2016.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Fau-Prudhomot P, Chadili N, Coll-Cabarus M, Le-Jeune C, Locher F, Montéléon PY, Noyé M, Sanchez-Bréchot ML, Wargon C. Retentissement de la situation d’aidant non professionnel sur le travail et la santé. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2016.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Mora V, Locher F, Chauvet M, Ciotta M, Colin J, Écabert C, Montéléon PY, Noyé M, Sanchez ML. À propos de situations urgentes en santé au travail. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2016.10.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Bourge X, Pages J, Carpentier I, Locher F, Terrier A. DI-052 Stability study of ceftazidime mylan through use in the ambulatory treatment of cystic fibrosis. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Charra F, Dubromel A, Bourge X, Meunier A, Locher F, Derain L. DD-021 Medicine supply chain of a central pharmacy: Risk mapping of shortage: Abstract DD-021 Table 1. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.256] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Bensalah N, Carpentier I, Locher F, Garcia S. CP-029 How to deal with a new drug interaction? example of the contraindication alfuzosin–strong CYP3A4 inhibitors. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Kamel AB, Derain L, Bellossi F, Locher F, Meunier A. DD-026 New market for medicines: Do the suppliers meet their commitments? Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
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Dubromel A, Charra F, Bourge X, Philibert M, Locher F, Derain L. PS-046 Materiovigilance ex ante risk management. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2016. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2016-000875.530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Malet L, Delpech L, Meunier A, Derain L, Locher F. DD-013 Drug supply chain: how to prevent out of stock due to industrial failure? retrospective study in the central pharmacy of a university hospital. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2015. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2015-000639.177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Jacqueroux E, Lalande L, Meddour N, Papailhau C, Bernard E, Charroin C, Perichou J, Charpiat B, Locher F, Garcia S. [Analysis of the question-answer activity of a hospital pharmacy. Example of the handling of drug interactions]. Ann Pharm Fr 2014; 73:215-22. [PMID: 25499204 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharma.2014.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2014] [Revised: 10/23/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The medical care of patients generates questions among healthcare professionals. Some will necessitate an advanced research. The hospital pharmacist is at the interface between prescribers, caregivers and the medicines and is requested to answer these requests. Studies conducted in other countries showed that this question-answer activity represents a significant amount of time in daily work. In France, this topic was poorly explored. The objective of our work was to study the volume and the type of questions, the clinical situations, the time required, the medicines implicated and the sources of information used. MATERIALS AND METHODS A prospective study was conducted in the pharmacy of a university hospital. All the requests answered by the pharmaceutical team, which needed a specific research, analysis and writing of an answer were collected. RESULTS A hundred and one questions were analyzed, originating from doctors or medicals interns. Almost half concerned drug interactions, and among them, almost a fourth were not mentioned in the Summary of Product Characteristics of the medicines involved. A pharmaceutical advice was provided in 91.5% of the cases. Time dedicated to the research varied between less than 30 minutes and more than 8 hours. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION This study illustrates the question-answer activity of a hospital pharmacy, which is currently not taken into account as an indicator of pharmaceutical activity. A large part concerns analysis and management of drug interactions and requires a significant amount of pharmaceutical time.
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Affiliation(s)
- E Jacqueroux
- Centre de documentation et d'information pharmaceutiques, pharmacie centrale, hospices civils de Lyon, 69561 Saint-Genis Laval cedex, France
| | - L Lalande
- Service pharmacie, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - N Meddour
- Service pharmacie, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - C Papailhau
- Centre de documentation et d'information pharmaceutiques, pharmacie centrale, hospices civils de Lyon, 69561 Saint-Genis Laval cedex, France
| | - E Bernard
- Service pharmacie, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - C Charroin
- Service pharmacie, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - J Perichou
- Service pharmacie, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - B Charpiat
- Service pharmacie, hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, hospices civils de Lyon, 69317 Lyon cedex 04, France
| | - F Locher
- Centre de documentation et d'information pharmaceutiques, pharmacie centrale, hospices civils de Lyon, 69561 Saint-Genis Laval cedex, France
| | - S Garcia
- Centre de documentation et d'information pharmaceutiques, pharmacie centrale, hospices civils de Lyon, 69561 Saint-Genis Laval cedex, France.
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Malriq A, Sapin A, Derain L, Locher F, Meunier A. PS-051 Risks related to drug recalls: a case report:. Eur J Hosp Pharm 2014. [DOI: 10.1136/ejhpharm-2013-000436.402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022] Open
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Locher F, Alcouffe J, Fau-Prudhomot P, Manillier P, Montéléon PY, Noyé M. Troubles de la mémoire et difficultés de concentration chez des salariés d’Île-de-France. ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2012.09.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Locher F, Alcouffe J, Fau-Prudhomot P, Manillier P, Montéléon PY, Noyé MI. Troubles de la mémoire et difficultés de concentration chez des salariés d’île-de-France. Rev Epidemiol Sante Publique 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.respe.2012.06.369] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Jean J, Perrodin Y, Pivot C, Trepo D, Perraud M, Droguet J, Tissot-Guerraz F, Locher F. Identification and prioritization of bioaccumulable pharmaceutical substances discharged in hospital effluents. J Environ Manage 2012; 103:113-121. [PMID: 22466706 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2012.03.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2011] [Revised: 02/18/2012] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The consumption of pharmaceuticals and their excretion in wastewater is a continuous source of pollution for aquatic ecosystems. In certain cases these compounds are found in the environment at concentrations high enough to cause disturbance in aquatic organisms. Aware of this problem hospitals are giving increasing attention to the nature of their effluents and their impact on the environment, by implementing more efficient effluent management policies. This concern is justified in view of the large volumes of toxic products consumed (detergents, disinfectants, pharmaceuticals, chemical reagents, radioactive elements, etc.). Moreover, these effluents usually do not undergo any specific treatment before being discharged into urban sewage networks. In this article, we present a method for selecting the pharmaceuticals discharged in hospital effluents that have the worst impact on the aquatic ecosystem, primarily based on their bioaccumulation potential. This study focused on the pharmaceuticals consumed at the Hospices Civils de Lyon (HCL), the second largest hospital structure in France (5200 hospital beds). Of the 960 substances consumed in HCL hospitals, a shortlist of 70 substances considered as being potentially bioaccumulable was established. The use of aggravating factors of risk has then led to the final selection of 14 priority compounds. They include 4 compounds consumed in large quantities in HCL hospitals, 6 endocrine disruptors and 4 potentially ecotoxic compounds. For all these compounds, it is now advisable to verify their bioaccumulation potential experimentally and confirm their presence in the environment. In addition, in order to monitor the risk relating to possible contamination of the food chain, it will be necessary to measure accumulated dose levels in species of different trophic levels. Lastly, chronic ecotoxicity tests will permit evaluating the danger and risk that some of these substances may represent for aquatic ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Jean
- Université de Lyon, École Nationale des Travaux Publics de l'État, Université Lyon 1, UMR CNRS 5023 LEHNA, 2 rue Maurice Audin, 69518 Vaulx-en-Velin, France
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Locher F. À qui faire un ECG en médecine du travail ? ARCH MAL PROF ENVIRO 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.admp.2012.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Locher F. [Pacemakers]. Soins Gerontol 1999:35-6. [PMID: 10745931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
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Roman D, Locher F, Suter W, Cordier A, Bobadilla M. Evaluation of a new procedure for the flow cytometric analysis of in vitro, chemically induced micronuclei in V79 cells. Environ Mol Mutagen 1998; 32:387-396. [PMID: 9882014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Measurement of the frequency of micronuclei induced in cells by ionizing radiation or by chemical treatment is widely used to analyze cytogenetic damage. The microscopic scoring of micronuclei is a tedious and time-consuming procedure. Therefore, attempts have been made to automate micronuclei scoring by means of image analysis or flow cytometry. A new procedure for the flow cytometric analysis of chemically induced micronuclei in V79 Chinese hamster cells has been established in our laboratory. Debris was separated from micronuclei by means of a new gating procedure using area and width fluorescence of the stained suspension of micronuclei and nuclei. In order to test the sensitivity and specificity of this improved method of flow cytometric analysis, five well-known mutagenic compounds were tested. With the new technique, the frequency of micronuclei measured and analyzed corresponded well with results obtained by conventional microscopy. In addition, a large series of negative compounds, and weak, middle, and strong micronuclei inducers, were tested in order to establish criteria for discrimination between genotoxic and nongenotoxic compounds by flow cytometry. This new procedure for flow cytometric detection of micronuclei represents a quick, reliable, and relatively simple method for in vitro micronucleus testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Roman
- Preclinical Safety, Toxicology/Pathology, Novartis Pharma AG, Basel, Switzerland.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Albertini
- Department of Toxicology, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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Miller B, Albertini S, Locher F, Thybaud V, Lorge E. Comparative evaluation of the in vitro micronucleus test and the in vitro chromosome aberration test: industrial experience. Mutat Res 1997; 392:45-59, 187-208. [PMID: 9269330 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-1218(97)00044-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Because of its rapidness, simplicity and potential for automation, the measurement of micronucleated cells in vivo is not only equivalent to the analysis of chromosome aberrations, but often even preferred within routine genotoxicity testing. In order to evaluate the correlation between the in vitro micronucleus assay (MNT) and the in vitro chromosome aberration test (CA), we collected data from four pharmaceutical companies obtained either in Chinese hamster cell lines (CHO-K5, CHO-K1, V79) or in human peripheral blood lymphocytes. Among the 57 compounds included in this comparison, 45 compounds gave rise to concordant results in both assays (26 compounds negative in both assays; 19 compounds positive in both assays). The high percentage of concordance, i.e. about 79% is very promising and can be even increased to about 88% by omitting the 3 aneugenic compounds and 2 compounds inducing endoreduplicated chromosomes which were found positive only in the in vitro MNT. The results are remarkable in particular considering that most of the compounds evaluated are 'standard' pharmaceutical compounds and thus are at most weak inducers of chromosome damage. Our comparison strongly supports that the in vitro micronucleus test is a suitable alternative to the in vitro chromosome aberration assay. Moreover, the MNT has the potential of not only detecting clastogens but additionally aneuploidy inducing chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Miller
- Vitamin Division, F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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Bador P, Grand C, Locher F. [French language pharmaceutical publications in 1995. II. List and characteristics of French language pharmaceutical periodicals]. J Pharm Belg 1996; 51:131-40. [PMID: 8778346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- P Bador
- Centre de Documentation Pharmaceutique, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France
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Bador P, Grand C, Locher F. [French language pharmaceutical publications in 1995. I. Assessment and analysis of French language pharmaceutical periodicals]. J Pharm Belg 1996; 51:74-81. [PMID: 8786522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
Periodicals constitute a vital source of information and an invaluable continuing education medium to pharmacists. The aim of the present study was to compile the list of the 83 pharmacy-related periodicals published in French as at 1995 with a view to establishing their main characteristics. The first part focuses on the definition of the concept of "French language pharmaceutical periodicals" selected for the survey needed a) to be in circulation in 1995 and published at least two times a year, b) published by pharmacists or non-pharmacists but must carry articles intended to help, inform, or retrain pharmacists irrespective of their specialties (community, hospital, biological or industrial pharmacy) as well as their closest collaborators (assistants, technicians, etc.) and c) published in French. The second section presents the methodology of the survey, which consisted essentially in consulting publisher and library catalogs and direct interviews with embassies and Pharmacy Associations in French-speaking countries. Questionnaires were also sent out to editors of periodicals and the information gathered was analysed by computer. The following section reproduces the results of the the survey: These were classified into three categories: scientific, professional, and continuing education periodicals. The last section concentrates on their readership (national, international), frequency, modalities of publication, date of creation, indexing in bibliographic databases.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bador
- Centre de Documentation Pharmaceutique, ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France
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Suter W, Ahiabor R, Blanco B, Locher F, Mantovani F, Robinson M, Sreenan G, Staedtler F, Swingler T, Vignutelli A, Perentes E. Evaluation of the in vivo genotoxic potential of three carcinogenic aromatic amines using the Big Blue transgenic mouse mutation assay. Environ Mol Mutagen 1996; 28:354-362. [PMID: 8991064 DOI: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1996)28:4<354::aid-em9>3.0.co;2-b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Three genotoxic mouse carcinogens, 4-chloro-o-phenylenediamine (4-C-o-PDA), 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine (2-N-p-PDA), and 2,4-diaminotoluene (2,4-DAT), were tested in the Big Blue transgenic mouse mutation assay. Each experiment consisted of a vehicle control group with ten Big Blue C57BL/6 mice, five of either sex, and an equally sized group treated with a high dose of the test chemical. In addition, four animals were treated with the vehicle and six animals with the test compound for the measurement of bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) incorporation to determine cellular proliferation. Prior to the mutagenicity experiments, the maximally tolerated dose of each compound was determined using nontransgenic C57BL/6 mice. Based on these results the doses used in the main study were 200 mg/kg/day for 4-C-o-PDA, 150 mg/kg/ day for 2-N-p-PDA, and 80 mg/kg/day for 2,4-DAT. Animals were treated for 10 days over a 2 week period and were killed 10 days after the ast treatment. In an additional experiment with 2,4-DAT, animals were killed 28 days after treatment. Since all three chemicals are liver carcinogens in the mouse, the DNA of the liver was analyzed using the standard procedures for the Big Blue assay. Hepatocyte proliferation was assessed by immunohistochemical detection of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and, in some studies, by measuring BrdU incorporation. 4-C-o-PDA and 2-N-p-PDA did not induce an increase in PCNA expression when measured 10 days after the last treatment. There was no increase in BrdU incorporation immediately after treatment with 4-C-o-PDA or with 2,4-DAT. However, 10 days after the last treatment with 2,4-DAT, a strong mitogenic effect was found with both techniques, i.e., in the PCNA and BrdU assays. 4-C-o-PDA, a liver carcinogen in both genders of mice, induced a small, statistically significant increase of the mutant frequencies in females. No increase was found in males. 2-N-p-PDA, which has been reported to induce liver tumors only in females, was found positive in males and was clearly negative in females. 2,4-DAT, a liver carcinogen in female mice, was positive in females and negative in males when the animals were killed 10 days after the last treatment. After an expression time of 28 days, 2,4-DAT induced a statistically significant increase in both sexes. The effect in females was marginally stronger than after 10 days' expression time and almost identical to the effect observed in males under these test conditions. In conclusion, the experiments showed that the Big Blue assay detects the genotoxicity of the three carcinogenic monocyclic aromatic amines tested. However, it seems that the sex specificity of the carcinogenic effects of these compounds is not reflected by the mutagenicity data in Big Blue mice.
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Affiliation(s)
- W Suter
- Sandoz Pharma Ltd., Basel, Switzerland
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Couvreux J, Bador P, Locher F. [CD-ROM and pharmacy: a new means of accessing information. II. Lists and characteristics of CD-ROMs of interest to pharmacy]. J Pharm Belg 1995; 50:502-547. [PMID: 8592281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- J Couvreux
- Centre de Documentation Pharmaceutique ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France
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Couvreux J, Bador P, Locher F. [CD-ROM and pharmacy: a new means of accessing information. I. Characteristics and analysis of CD-ROMs of interest to pharmacy]. J Pharm Belg 1995; 50:461-9. [PMID: 8592277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
CD-ROMs represent a new data medium which is not used enough by health professionals. This survey aimed to list current CD-ROMs useful in pharmacy field with their main characteristics. Thus, databases and directories from health information providers were consulted. A database was then made in order to exploit data collected as well as possible. The following section detailed the results of the survey: 205 CD-ROMs were selected, 95% are bibliographic or full-text data, 94% use English language, 84% present international information, 82% allow us previous years information retrieval, 65% are updated at least every three months, 97% work on PC computers, 74% are provided by american companies.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Couvreux
- Centre de Documentation Pharmaceutique ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France
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Locher F, Suryanarayana VV, Tratschin JD. Rapid detection and characterization of foot-and-mouth disease virus by restriction enzyme and nucleotide sequence analysis of PCR products. J Clin Microbiol 1995; 33:440-4. [PMID: 7714205 PMCID: PMC227963 DOI: 10.1128/jcm.33.2.440-444.1995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Reverse transcription coupled with PCR was used for the detection of foot-and-mouth disease virus serotypes A, C, and O in organ extracts from experimentally infected cattle. Primers were selected from conserved sequences flanking the genome region coding for the major antigenic site of the capsid located in the C-terminal part of viral protein 1 (VP1). Because this region of the capsid is highly variable its coding sequence is considered to be the most appropriate for the characterization of virus isolates and, therefore, for the determination of the epidemiological relationships between viruses of the same serotype. For differentiation between serotypes and for detailed characterization of individual virus isolates restriction enzyme cleavage and nucleotide sequence analysis of the respective PCR products were carried out. In order to minimize the time required for sample preparation from clinical material, viral RNA was released from particles by heating the sample for 5 min at 90 degrees C. Finally, an air thermocycler was used, which allows performance of a PCR of 30 cycles in approximately 20 min. The results show that reverse transcription PCR followed by restriction enzyme analysis and/or nucleotide sequence analysis of the PCR products is useful for the rapid detection and differentiation of foot-and-mouth disease virus.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Locher
- Institute of Virology and Immunoprophylaxis, Mittelhäusern, Switzerland
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Bador P, Picard A, Locher F. Survey of European pharmaceutical journals in circulation in 1993. J Pharm Belg 1994; 49:409-32. [PMID: 7837033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Journals represent a very important source of information to pharmacists. This survey aimed to list current European pharmaceutical journals with their main characteristics. First, we provide a working definition of "European pharmaceutical journal". Then, the methodology and our sources which included books, databases, and questionnaires are reported. The following section details the results of the survey: journal creation for the period 1930 to 1993, geographic distribution, characteristics of the different types of journals (scientific, professional, scientific and professional/educational journals), inclusion in international bibliographic indexes. Finally, the list of the European pharmaceutical journals with their main characteristics and the list of the independent European pharmaceutical journals are reported in Appendix.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Bador
- Centre de Documentation Pharmaceutique ISPB-Faculté de Pharmacie, Lyon, France
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