1
|
van Montagu M, Molemans F, Stockx J. Preparation of Cytidine, Cytidylic Acids and Ribonucleic Acid Specifically Acetylated in the Exocyclic Amino Group of Cytosine. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/bscb.19680770307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
|
2
|
Callewaert N, Geysens S, Molemans F, Contreras R. Ultrasensitive profiling and sequencing of N-linked oligosaccharides using standard DNA-sequencing equipment. Glycobiology 2001; 11:275-81. [PMID: 11358876 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/11.4.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
The analysis of protein-linked glycans is of increasing importance, both in basic glycobiological research and during the production process of glycoprotein pharmaceuticals. In many cases, the amount of glycoprotein available for typing the glycans is very low. This, combined with the high branching complexity typical for this class of compounds, makes glycan typing a challenging task. We present here methodology allowing the medium-throughput analysis of N-glycans derived from low picomole amounts of glycoproteins using the standard DNA-sequencing equipment available in any life sciences laboratory. The high sensitivity of the overall analytical process (from glycoprotein to results) is obtained using state-of-the-art deglycosylation procedures combined with a highly efficient and reproducible novel postderivatization cleanup step involving Sephadex G10 packed 96-well filterplates. All sample preparation steps (enzymatic deglycosylation with PNGase F, desalting, derivatization with 8-amino-1,3,6-pyrenetrisulfonic acid, and postderivatization cleanup) are performed using 96-well-based plates. This integrated sample preparation scheme is also compatible with capillary electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF-MS platforms already in use in some glycobiology labs and anticipates the higher throughput that will be offered by the capillary-array-based DNA sequencers currently penetrating the market. The described technology should bring high-performance glycosylation analysis within reach of each life sciences lab and thus help expedite the pace of discovery in the field of glycobiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- N Callewaert
- Unit of Fundamental and Applied Molecular Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, Ghent University and Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology, K.L.-Ledeganckstraat 35, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Van de Craen M, Van Loo G, Pype S, Van Criekinge W, Van den brande I, Molemans F, Fiers W, Declercq W, Vandenabeele P. Identification of a new caspase homologue: caspase-14. Cell Death Differ 1998; 5:838-46. [PMID: 10203698 DOI: 10.1038/sj.cdd.4400444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Caspases are cysteinyl aspartate-specific proteinases, many of which play a central role in apoptosis. Here, we report the identification of a new murine caspase homologue, viz. caspase-14. It is most related to human/murine caspase-2 and human caspase-9, possesses all the typical amino acid residues of the caspases involved in catalysis, including the QACRG box, and contains no or only a very short prodomain. Murine caspase-14 shows 83% similarity to human caspase-14. Human caspase-14 is assigned to chromosome 19p13.1. Northern blot analysis revealed that mRNA expression of caspase-14 is undetectable in all mouse adult tissues examined except for skin, while it is abundantly expressed in mouse embryos. In contrast to many other caspase family members, murine caspase-14 is not cleaved by granzyme B, caspase-1, caspase-2, caspase-3, caspase-6, caspase-7 or caspase-11, but is weakly processed into p18 and p11 subunits by murine caspase-8. No aspartase activity of murine caspase-14 could be generated by bacterial or yeast expression. Transient overexpression of murine caspase-14 in mammalian cells did not elicit cell death and did not interfere with caspase-8-induced apoptosis. In conclusion, caspase-14 is a member of the caspase family but no proteolytic or biological activities have been identified so far. The high constitutive expression levels in embryos and specific expression in adult skin suggest a role in ontogenesis and skin physiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Van de Craen
- Department of Molecular Biology, Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology and University of Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Van de Craen M, Vandenabeele P, Declercq W, Van den Brande I, Van Loo G, Molemans F, Schotte P, Van Criekinge W, Beyaert R, Fiers W. Characterization of seven murine caspase family members. FEBS Lett 1997; 403:61-9. [PMID: 9038361 DOI: 10.1016/s0014-5793(97)00026-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Seven members of the murine caspase (mCASP) family were cloned and functionally characterized by transient overexpression: mCASP-1 (mICE), mCASP-2 (Ich1), mCASP-3 (CPP32), mCASP-6 (Mch2), mCASP-7 (Mch3), mCASP-11 (TX) and mCASP-12. mCASP-11 is presumably the murine homolog of human CASP-4. Although mCASP-12 is related to human CASP-5 (ICErel-III), it is most probably a new CASP-1 family member. On the basis of sequence homology, the caspases can be divided into three subfamilies: first, mCASP-1, mCASP-11 and mCASP-12; second, mCASP-2; third, mCASP-3, mCASP-6 and mCASP-7. The tissue distribution of the CASP-1 subfamily transcripts is more restricted than that of the CASP-3 subfamily transcripts, suggesting that the transcriptional regulation of the CASP members within one subfamily is related, but is quite different between the CASP-1 and the CASP-3 subfamilies. Transient overexpression of each of the seven CASPs induced apoptosis in mammalian cells. Only two, mCASP-1 as well as mCASP-3, were able to process precursor interleukin (IL)-1beta to biologically active IL-1beta. In addition, mCASP-3 is the predominant PARP-cleaving enzyme in vivo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Van de Craen
- Flanders Interuniversity Institute for Biotechnology and University of Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
The cytoplasmic beta-catenin protein is implicated in signal transduction and associates with both the cell-cell adhesion protein E-cadherin and the tumor suppressor gene product APC. We determined the primary structure of the human beta-catenin gene (CTNNB1) by analysis of cDNA and genomic clones. The size of the complete gene was determined to be 23.2 kb. Restriction mapping and partial sequence analysis revealed 16 exons. All splice donor and acceptor sites were conformable to the GT/AG rule. The exon size ranged from 61 to 790 bp. Half of the introns were smaller than 550 bp, with the smallest being 84 bp and the longest being 6700 bp. The intron-exon boundaries did not coincide either with conserved sites in the 12 armadillo repeat sequences of beta-catenin or with intron-exon boundaries in the armadillo gene of Drosophila. A major site for transcription initiation was identified as an A residue 214 nucleotides upstream of the ATG initiation codon. The resulting transcript is 3362 nucleotides long. Compared to the previously published mRNA sequence, additional residues were identified, 16 at the 5' end and 766 at the 3' end of the mRNA. An alternative splice acceptor site within exon 16 reduced the 3' UTR sequence by 159 bp. Polymerase chain reaction on cDNA from 14 human cell lines demonstrated the general occurrence of both splice variants. The 5'-flanking region is highly GC-rich and lacks a CCAAT box, but contains a TATA box and potential binding sites for several transcription factors, such as NF kappa B, SP1, AP2, and EGR1. Both a 437-bp fragment and a 6-kb fragment, containing about 4.7 kb of the 5'-flanking region in addition to the noncoding exon 1 and 1 kb of intron 1, showed clear promoter activity when these fragments were linked to a secreted alkaline phosphatase reporter gene and transfected into a mouse epithelial cell line.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Nollet
- Section of Molecular Cell Biology, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nollet F, van Hengel J, Berx G, Molemans F, van Roy F. Isolation and characterization of a human pseudogene (CTNNAP1) for alpha E-catenin (CTNNA1): assignment of the pseudogene to 5q22 and the alpha E-catenin gene to 5q31. Genomics 1995; 26:410-3. [PMID: 7601473 DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80231-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
A pseudogene (CTNNAP1) for the human alpha E-catenin gene was isolated from a human genomic phage library. The pseudogene sequence shows 90% similarity to the alpha E-catenin mRNA at the nucleotide level. Thirty-eight stop codons in all three reading frames and multiple other mutations were found, indicating that the pseudogene does not encode a functional protein. No introns were found in the region corresponding to the open reading frame of the alpha E-catenin cDNA, and two direct repeats flank this same region. Hence, the pseudogene can be classified as a processed pseudogene. Polymerase chain reaction with pseudogene-specific primers on genomic DNA and cDNA from human cell lines and healthy blood donors demonstrated the general occurrence of the pseudogene and the lack of its transcription. By fluorescence in situ hybridization the pseudogene was mapped to human chromosome 5q22 and the alpha E-catenin gene to the formerly disputed locus 5q31. This is the first report of a pseudogene for a member of the cadherin-catenin cell-cell adhesion complex.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- F Nollet
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Berx G, Staes K, van Hengel J, Molemans F, Bussemakers MJ, van Bokhoven A, van Roy F. Cloning and characterization of the human invasion suppressor gene E-cadherin (CDH1). Genomics 1995; 26:281-9. [PMID: 7601454 DOI: 10.1016/0888-7543(95)80212-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
E-cadherin is a Ca(2+)-dependent epithelial cell-cell adhesion molecule. Downregulation of E-cadherin expression often correlates with strong invasive potential and poor prognosis of human carcinomas. By using recombinant lambda phage, cosmid, and P1 phage clones, we isolated the full-length human E-cadherin gene (CDH1). The gene spans a region of approximately 100 kb, and its location on chromosome 16q22.1 was confirmed by FISH analysis. Detailed restriction mapping and partial sequence analysis of the gene allowed us to identify 16 exons and a 65-kb-long intron 2. The intron-exon boundaries are highly conserved in comparison with other "classical cadherins." In intron 1 we identified a 5' high-density CpG island that may be implicated in transcription regulation during embryogenesis and malignancy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Berx
- Section Molecular Cell Biology, University of Ghent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Feldmann H, Aigle M, Aljinovic G, André B, Baclet MC, Barthe C, Baur A, Bécam AM, Biteau N, Boles E, Brandt T, Brendel M, Brückner M, Bussereau F, Christiansen C, Contreras R, Crouzet M, Cziepluch C, Démolis N, Delaveau T, Doignon F, Domdey H, Düsterhus S, Dubois E, Dujon B, El Bakkoury M, Entian KD, Feurmann M, Fiers W, Fobo GM, Fritz C, Gassenhuber H, Glandsdorff N, Goffeau A, Grivell LA, de Haan M, Hein C, Herbert CJ, Hollenberg CP, Holmstrøm K, Jacq C, Jacquet M, Jauniaux JC, Jonniaux JL, Kallesøe T, Kiesau P, Kirchrath L, Kötter P, Korol S, Liebl S, Logghe M, Lohan AJ, Louis EJ, Li ZY, Maat MJ, Mallet L, Mannhaupt G, Messenguy F, Miosga T, Molemans F, Müller S, Nasr F, Obermaier B, Perea J, Piérard A, Piravandi E, Pohl FM, Pohl TM, Potier S, Proft M, Purnelle B, Ramezani Rad M, Rieger M, Rose M, Schaaff-Gerstenschläger I, Scherens B, Schwarzlose C, Skala J, Slonimski PP, Smits PH, Souciet JL, Steensma HY, Stucka R, Urrestarazu A, van der Aart QJ, van Dyck L, Vassarotti A, Vetter I, Vierendeels F, Vissers S, Wagner G, de Wergifosse P, Wolfe KH, Zagulski M, Zimmermann FK, Mewes HW, Kleine K. Complete DNA sequence of yeast chromosome II. EMBO J 1994; 13:5795-809. [PMID: 7813418 PMCID: PMC395553 DOI: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1994.tb06923.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
In the framework of the EU genome-sequencing programmes, the complete DNA sequence of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome II (807 188 bp) has been determined. At present, this is the largest eukaryotic chromosome entirely sequenced. A total of 410 open reading frames (ORFs) were identified, covering 72% of the sequence. Similarity searches revealed that 124 ORFs (30%) correspond to genes of known function, 51 ORFs (12.5%) appear to be homologues of genes whose functions are known, 52 others (12.5%) have homologues the functions of which are not well defined and another 33 of the novel putative genes (8%) exhibit a degree of similarity which is insufficient to confidently assign function. Of the genes on chromosome II, 37-45% are thus of unpredicted function. Among the novel putative genes, we found several that are related to genes that perform differentiated functions in multicellular organisms of are involved in malignancy. In addition to a compact arrangement of potential protein coding sequences, the analysis of this chromosome confirmed general chromosome patterns but also revealed particular novel features of chromosomal organization. Alternating regional variations in average base composition correlate with variations in local gene density along chromosome II, as observed in chromosomes XI and III. We propose that functional ARS elements are preferably located in the AT-rich regions that have a spacing of approximately 110 kb. Similarly, the 13 tRNA genes and the three Ty elements of chromosome II are found in AT-rich regions. In chromosome II, the distribution of coding sequences between the two strands is biased, with a ratio of 1.3:1. An interesting aspect regarding the evolution of the eukaryotic genome is the finding that chromosome II has a high degree of internal genetic redundancy, amounting to 16% of the coding capacity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- H Feldmann
- Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Physikalische Biochemie und Zellbiologie, Universität München, Germany
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Logghe M, Molemans F, Fiers W, Contreras R. The two genes encoding yeast ribosomal protein S8 reside on different chromosomes, and are closely linked to the hsp70 stress protein genes SSA3 and SSA4. Yeast 1994; 10:1093-1100. [PMID: 7992509 DOI: 10.1002/yea.320100811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
A 7.4 kb segment of chromosome II was sequenced and analysed. This segment is part of the 25 kb insert of cosmid clone alpha 1004.10 which is located on the left arm of chromosome II. Sequence analysis revealed four open reading frames (ORFs), of which two had been characterized previously (SSA3, AAR2) and one was not identified. The other ORF was precisely 600 bp long and the deduced protein sequence predicted a very basic protein (pI = 11.1; molecular weight = 22.5 kDa). Evidence was found that the ORF is the S40 ribosomal protein gene (RPG) S8. Consensus splice signals were found in the 5' leader sequence and also potential RPG-specific sequences. Chromoblot analysis revealed a second copy of the S8 RPG on chromosome IV or VIII. This copy is also closely linked to an hsp70 protein gene, SSA4.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Logghe
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Gent University, Belgium
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Franco L, Jiménez A, Demolder J, Molemans F, Fiers W, Contreras R. The nucleotide sequence of a third cyclophilin-homologous gene from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Yeast 1991; 7:971-9. [PMID: 1803821 DOI: 10.1002/yea.320070909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
The nucleotide sequence of a 1558 bp DNA fragment from the right arm of chromosome III of Saccharomyces cerevisiae contains an open reading frame of 954 nucleotides with coding potential for a protein with high similarity to the ubiquitous cyclophilins which are both peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerases and cyclosporin A-binding proteins. It should, therefore, represent the third gene (SCC3) of this kind from S. cerevisiae. SCC3 is present in a single copy in the genome of S. cerevisiae and results in a constitutively expressed 1.2 kb transcript during cell growth. Its putative protein product (Scc3) contains two hydrophobic cores, one at the amino terminal, 20 amino acids long, which could serve as a signal peptide, and the other one at the carboxyl end with a structure similar to a transmembrane helix. These findings suggest that Scc3 could be a secretory or, more likely, a transmembrane protein. The only cyclophilin with similar structure to that of Scc3 is ninaA from Drosophila melanogaster, a transmembrane protein which seems to be implicated in the correct folding and/or intercalation of rhodopsin in the endoplasmic reticulum of the fly photoreceptors (Stamnes, M.A. et al., Cell 65, 219-227, 1991). In addition, the amino and the carboxy regions of Scc3 and ninaA share a significant level of homology, which suggests that they have a similar function, albeit for different target proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L Franco
- Centro de Biología Molecular (C.S.I.C./U.A.M.), Universidad Autónoma, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
De Waele P, Feys V, Van de Voorde A, Molemans F, Fiers W. Expression in non-lymphoid cells of mouse recombinant immunoglobulin directed against the tumour marker human placental alkaline phosphatase. Eur J Biochem 1988; 176:287-95. [PMID: 3138116 DOI: 10.1111/j.1432-1033.1988.tb14280.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
From a mouse hybridoma cell line secreting a monoclonal antibody directed against the tumour marker human placental alkaline phosphatase, mRNA coding for the H and L chains of this antibody was isolated and cloned as cDNA. Sequence analysis of the H and L chain cDNAs confirmed the IgG2b,kappa subtype previously established. Recloning the H and L chain cDNA information into SV40-based vectors enabled us to obtain expression of functional immunoglobulin upon cotransfection into COS or CHO dhfr- cells. This illustrates that non-lymphoid cells also have the capacity to assemble active immunoglobulins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P De Waele
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology, State University of Gent, Belgium
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Abstract
The type II restriction enzymes CauI and CauII, isolated from Chloroflexus aurantiacus, recognize and cleave (at the position indicated by an arrow) the sequences G decreases G A/T CC and CC decreases G/C GG, respectively. These conclusions are supported by the results from restriction site mapping, sequence analysis by partial chemical degradation, end-group analysis after lambda exonuclease treatment and computer-assisted comparison of DNA sequence data.
Collapse
|
13
|
Fiers W, Contreras R, Duerinck F, Haegeman G, Iserentant D, Merregaert J, Min Jou W, Molemans F, Raeymaekers A, Van den Berghe A, Volckaert G, Ysebaert M. Complete nucleotide sequence of bacteriophage MS2 RNA: primary and secondary structure of the replicase gene. Nature 1976; 260:500-7. [PMID: 1264203 DOI: 10.1038/260500a0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 478] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Bacteriophage MS2 RNA is 3,569 nucleotides long. The nucleotide sequence has been established for the third and last gene, which codes for the replicase protein. A secondary structure model has also been proposed. Biological properties, such as ribosome binding and codon interactions can now be discussed on a molecular basis. As the sequences for the other regions of this RNA have been published already, the complete, primary chemical structure of a viral genome has now been established.
Collapse
|
14
|
|