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Guo J, Glass JO, McCarville MB, Shulkin BL, Daryani VM, Stewart CF, Wu J, Mao S, Dwek JR, Fayad LM, Madewell JE, Navid F, Daw NC, Reddick WE. Assessing vascular effects of adding bevacizumab to neoadjuvant chemotherapy in osteosarcoma using DCE-MRI. Br J Cancer 2015; 113:1282-8. [PMID: 26461056 PMCID: PMC4815789 DOI: 10.1038/bjc.2015.351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2015] [Revised: 08/21/2015] [Accepted: 09/10/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The purpose of this study was to assess the impact of bevacizumab alone and in combination with cytotoxic therapy on tumour vasculature in osteosarcoma (OS) using DCE-MRI. METHODS Six DCE-MRI and three (18)F-FDG PET examinations were scheduled in 42 subjects with newly diagnosed OS to monitor the response to antiangiogenic therapy alone and in combination with cytotoxic therapy before definitive surgery (week 10). Serial DCE-MRI parameters (K(trans), v(p), and v(e)) were examined for correlation with FDG-PET (SUV(max)) and association with drug exposure, and evaluated with clinical outcome. RESULTS K(trans) (P=0.041) and v(p) (P=0.001) significantly dropped from baseline at 24 h after the first dose of bevacizumab alone, but returned to baseline by 72 h. Greater exposure to bevacizumab was correlated with larger decreases in v(p) at day 5 (P=0.04) and week 10 (P=0.02). A lower K(trans) at week 10 was associated with greater percent necrosis (P=0.024) and longer event-free survival (P=0.034). CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to demonstrate significant changes of the plasma volume fraction and vascular leakage in OS with bevacizumab alone. The combination of demonstrated associations between drug exposure and imaging metrics, and imaging metrics and patient survival during neoadjuvant therapy, provides a compelling rationale for larger studies using DCE-MRI to assess vascular effects of therapy in OS.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Guo
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 220, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - J O Glass
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 220, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - M B McCarville
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 220, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - B L Shulkin
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 220, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
| | - V M Daryani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - C F Stewart
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - J Wu
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - S Mao
- Department of Biostatistics, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
| | - J R Dwek
- Department of Radiology, Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
| | - L M Fayad
- The Musculoskeletal Tumor Program, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA
| | - J E Madewell
- Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - F Navid
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN 38163, USA
| | - N C Daw
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA
- Division of Pediatrics, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA
| | - W E Reddick
- Department of Diagnostic Imaging, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, 262 Danny Thomas Place, Mail Stop 220, Memphis, TN 38105-3678, USA
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Navid F, Letterio JJ, Yeung CL, Pegtel M, Helman LJ. Autocrine Transforming Growth Factor-beta Growth Pathway in Murine Osteosarcoma Cell Lines Associated with Inability to Affect Phosphorylation of Retinoblastoma Protein. Sarcoma 2011; 4:93-102. [PMID: 18521287 PMCID: PMC2395437 DOI: 10.1080/13577140020008057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose. Production of active transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β )
by human osteosarcoma may contribute to malignant progression through mechanisms
that include induction of angiogenesis, immune suppression and autocrine growth
stimulation of tumor cell growth.To study events associated with induction of cell proliferation
by TGF-β , we have evaluated the TGF-β pathway in two murine osteosarcoma cell lines, K7
and K12. Results. Northern and immunohistochemical analyses show that each cell
line expressesTGF-β1 and TGF-β3 mRNA and protein. Both cell lines secrete activeTGF-β 1
and display a 30–50% reduction in growth when cultured in the presence of a TGF-β blocking
antibody. Expression of TGF-β receptors TβRI, TβRII and TβRIII is demonstrated by affinity
labeling with 125
-TGF-β 1, and the intermediates, Smads 2, 3 and 4, are uniformly expressed.
Smads 2 and 3 are phosphorylated in response toTGF-β , while pRb phosphorylation in each
osteosarcoma cell line is not affected by either exogenousTGF-β or TGF-β antibody. Conclusions. The data implicate events downstream of Smad activation,
including impaired regulation of pRb, in the lack of a growth inhibitory response toTGF-β ,
and indicate that this murine model of osteosarcoma is valid for investigating the roles of
autocrineTGF-β in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Navid
- Pediatric Oncology Branch National Cancer Institute National Institutes of Health Bethesda MD 20892-1928 USA
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Navid F, Barfield RC, Handgretinger R, Sondel PM, Shulkin BL, Kaufman R, Billups C, Wu J, Furman WL, McGregor LM, Otto M, Gillies S, Santana VM. A novel anti-GD2 monoclonal antibody (mAb), hu14.18K322A, in children with refractory or recurrent neuroblastoma: Early-phase evaluation. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.9523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Santana VM, Baker SD, McCarville B, Stewart CF, Wu J, Billups C, Spunt SL, Furman WL, McGregor LM, Hu S, Panetta JC, Reddick WE, Davidoff A, Leung WH, Navid F. Phase I study of bevacizumab, sorafenib, and low-dose cyclophosphamide (CYC) in children and young adults with refractory solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2011. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2011.29.15_suppl.9500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Krasin M, Spalding A, Navid F, Hoth K, Hua C, Merchant T, Wu S. Tumor and Systemic Cytokine Response in Patients with Pediatric Sarcomas Treated with Limited Margin 3DCRT and IMRT. Int J Radiat Oncol Biol Phys 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijrobp.2010.07.1381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Jacobs S, Fox B, Krailo MD, Hartley G, Navid F, Wexler L, Blaney SM, Frank B, Adamson PC, Widemann BC. Phase II trial of ixabepilone (BMS-247550) in children and young adults with refractory solid tumors: A report from the Children’s Oncology Group. J Clin Oncol 2008. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2008.26.15_suppl.10026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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Rodríguez-Galindo C, Navid F, Liu T, Billups CA, Rao BN, Krasin MJ. Prognostic factors for local and distant control in Ewing sarcoma family of tumors. Ann Oncol 2007; 19:814-20. [PMID: 17998282 DOI: 10.1093/annonc/mdm521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 107] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Advances in the treatment of Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) are the result of improvements in systemic and local therapies. The individual contributions of each treatment component cannot be analyzed separately; improvements in local and systemic control can influence each other. PATIENTS AND METHODS We reviewed the records of 220 patients treated on institutional protocols from 1979 to 2004. Factors predictive of local and distant recurrence were analyzed. RESULTS The median age at diagnosis was 13.7 years. Ninety-five patients relapsed at a median of 1.6 years. The 5-year overall survival estimate was 63.5% +/- 3.5%. The estimated 5-year cumulative incidence (CI) of local failure was 25.1% +/- 3.0%. Local failure was associated with treatment era (P < 0.001), tumor size (P = 0.037) and type of local control (P = 0.021). Systemic treatment intensification improved local control. The estimated 5-year CI of distant recurrence was 22.5% +/- 2.9%. Patients with localized disease (P < 0.001), smaller tumors (P = 0.018) and those who received surgery +/- radiation for local control (P = 0.023) had lower CI of distant failure. CONCLUSIONS Successful treatment of ESFT requires optimal systemic and local therapy. Both treatment modalities are intertwined and the control of both local and distant disease is the result of the combined approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Rodríguez-Galindo
- Department of Oncology, St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
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9
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Lai R, Navid F, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Liu T, Fuller CE, Ganti R, Dien J, Dalton J, Billups C, Khoury JD. STAT3 is activated in a subset of the Ewing sarcoma family of tumours. J Pathol 2006; 208:624-32. [PMID: 16463269 DOI: 10.1002/path.1941] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
STAT3 is an oncogene that regulates critical cellular processes and whose constitutive activation has been demonstrated to correlate with biological and clinical features in many types of human malignancy. In this study, STAT3 activation was assessed in the Ewing sarcoma family of tumours (ESFT), which is characterized by fusion of the EWS gene with one of several Ets transcription factors, most commonly EWS-FLI1. STAT3 activation was assessed by immunohistochemistry using a monoclonal antibody specific for tyrosine(705)-phosphorylated STAT3 (pSTAT3(tyr705)) and a tissue microarray containing 49 paraffin-embedded ESFT tumours with known EWS translocations. Twenty-five (51%) tumours were pSTAT3(tyr705)-positive, as defined by more than 10% tumour cell immunostaining. STAT3 activation correlated with tumour site at presentation, with pSTAT3(tyr705)-negative ESFT involving axial sites predominantly (p = 0.008). Notably, among 31 patients who presented with localized disease, high-level STAT3 activation correlated with better overall survival (p = 0.02). STAT3 activation was not directly related to EWS-FLI1 expression, since EWS-FLI1 transfection did not result in STAT3 activation. Furthermore, detailed molecular analysis indicated that STAT3 activation may be seen with EWS-FLI1 or EWS-ERG and appears to be independent of EWS-FLI1 fusion type. In conclusion, STAT3 activation is present in approximately half of ESFT and correlates with clinical features. The role of STAT3 activation in ESFT pathogenesis seems to be independent of the type of EWS/Ets translocation.
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MESH Headings
- Adolescent
- Adult
- Biomarkers, Tumor/biosynthesis
- Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/genetics
- Bone Neoplasms/metabolism
- Bone Neoplasms/pathology
- Child
- Child, Preschool
- Female
- Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic
- Humans
- Immunoenzyme Techniques
- Male
- Neoplasm Proteins/biosynthesis
- Neoplasm Proteins/genetics
- Oncogene Proteins, Fusion/metabolism
- Prognosis
- Protein Array Analysis/methods
- Proto-Oncogene Protein c-fli-1/metabolism
- RNA-Binding Protein EWS/genetics
- Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/biosynthesis
- STAT3 Transcription Factor/genetics
- Sarcoma, Ewing/genetics
- Sarcoma, Ewing/metabolism
- Sarcoma, Ewing/pathology
- Survival Analysis
- Translocation, Genetic
- Tumor Cells, Cultured
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Affiliation(s)
- R Lai
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
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Absalon MJ, McCarville MB, Liu T, Cain A, Navid F. Pulmonary nodules in the initial evaluation of pediatric patients with bone and soft-tissue sarcoma. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - T. Liu
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - A. Cain
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - F. Navid
- St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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Furman WL, Daw NC, Crews KR, Stewart CF, McCarville B, Santana VM, Hawkins D, Rodriguez-Galindo C, Navid F, Houghton PJ. A Phase I Study of Gefitinib and irinotecan (IRN) in pediatric patients with refractory solid tumors. J Clin Oncol 2004. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2004.22.90140.8521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- W. L. Furman
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - N. C. Daw
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | - K. R. Crews
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | | | | | - D. Hawkins
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
| | | | - F. Navid
- St Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, TN
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12
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Sharp R, Recio J, Jhappan C, Otsuka T, Liu S, Yu Y, Liu W, Anver M, Navid F, Helman L, DePinho R, Merlino G. Erratum: Synergism between INK4a/ARF inactivation and aberrant HGF/SF signaling in rhabdomyosarcomagenesis. Nat Med 2003. [DOI: 10.1038/nm0103-146c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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13
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Merino ME, Navid F, Christensen BL, Toretsky JA, Helman LJ, Cheung NK, Mackall CL. Immunomagnetic purging of Ewing's sarcoma from blood and bone marrow: quantitation by real-time polymerase chain reaction. J Clin Oncol 2001; 19:3649-59. [PMID: 11504746 DOI: 10.1200/jco.2001.19.16.3649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE A propensity for hematogenous spread with resulting contamination of autologous cell products complicates cellular therapies for Ewing's sarcoma. We used a new approach to purge artificially contaminated cellular specimens of Ewing's sarcoma and show the capacity for real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) to quantify the contamination level of Ewing's sarcoma in such specimens. PATIENTS AND METHODS Binding of monoclonal antibody (MoAb) 8H9 to Ewing's sarcoma cell lines and normal hematopoietic cells was studied using flow cytometry. Using real-time PCR--based amplification of t(11;22), levels of Ewing's contamination of experimental and clinical cellular products were monitored. Purging was accomplished using immunomagnetic-based depletion. Monitoring of the function of residual hematopoietic progenitors and T cells was performed using functional assays. RESULTS MoAb 8H9 shows binding to Ewing's sarcoma but spares normal hematopoietic tissues. Nested real-time PCR is capable of detecting contaminating Ewing's sarcoma cells with a sensitivity of one cell in 10(6) normal cells. After 8H9-based purging, a 2- to 3-log reduction in contaminating Ewing's sarcoma was shown by real-time PCR, with purging to PCR negativity at levels of contamination of 1:10(6). Levels of contamination in clinical samples ranged from 1:10(5) to 10(6). Therefore, 8H9-based purging of clinical samples is predicted to reduce tumor cell contamination to a level below the limit of detection of PCR. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate a new approach for purging contaminated cellular products of Ewing's sarcoma and demonstrate the capacity of real-time PCR to provide accurate quantitative estimates of circulating tumor burden in this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- M E Merino
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1928, USA.
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Navid F, Mosijczuk AD, Head DR, Borowitz MJ, Carroll AJ, Brandt JM, Link MP, Rozans MK, Thomas GA, Schwenn MR, Shields DJ, Vietti TJ, Pullen DJ. Acute lymphoblastic leukemia with the (8;14)(q24;q32) translocation and FAB L3 morphology associated with a B-precursor immunophenotype: the Pediatric Oncology Group experience. Leukemia 1999; 13:135-41. [PMID: 10049049 DOI: 10.1038/sj.leu.2401244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Five pediatric patients are described with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) who at presentation had clinical findings suggestive of B cell ALL and lymphoblasts with FAB L3 morphology and the characteristic t(8;14)(q24;q32). However, the leukemia cells of all five patients failed to express surface immunoglobulin (sIg) and kappa or lambda light chains. Based on initial immunophenotyping results consistent with B-precursor ALL, four of these cases were initially treated with conventional ALL chemotherapy. These four patients were switched to B cell ALL treatment protocols once cytogenetic results became available revealing the 8;14 translocation. The fifth case was treated with B cell ALL therapy from the outset. Four of the five patients are in complete remission at 64, 36, 29 and 13 months from diagnosis. One patient relapsed and died 6 months after initial presentation. These five unusual cases with clinical B cell ALL, the t(8;14), and FAB L3 morphology, but negative sIg, demonstrate the importance of careful and multidisciplinary evaluation of leukemic cells with morphology, cytochemistry, immunophenotyping and cytogenetic analysis. Future identification of patients with this profile will allow us to expand our knowledge regarding prognostic significance and optimal treatment for this rare subgroup of patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Navid
- Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-1928, USA
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Abstract
The human insulin-like growth factor II gene is regulated in a development-dependent manner and is not expressed in most adult tissues. However, high levels of insulin-like growth factor II mRNA are detected in many human tumors including rhabdomyosarcoma, an embryonal tumor of skeletal muscle origin. In this study, we demonstrate that the developmentally regulated transcription factor AP-2 is expressed at higher levels in human fetal skeletal muscle and rhabdomyosarcoma cells compared to human adult skeletal muscle. Endogenous insulin-like growth factor II mRNA derived from the P3 as well as transfected P3 promoter activity were modestly and consistently increased to the same extent following treatment of the rhabdomyosarcoma cell line RD with forskolin, a compound implicated in AP-2 transactivation. This effect of AP-2 on increased transcriptional activity was confirmed by nuclear run-on assays. Expression of AP-2B, a dominant-negative inhibitor of AP-2, suppressed the P3 promoter activity in AP-2 expressing RD cells. Furthermore, five AP-2 protected regions corresponding to six AP-2 specific binding sites were detected in the insulin-like growth factor II P3 promoter. These data together suggest that AP-2 may contribute to the high expression of IGF-II in rhabdomyosarcoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Zhang
- Molecular Oncology Section, Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-1928, USA
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Abstract
Urine concentrations of two high molecular weight proteins, albumin and IgG, and two low molecular weight proteins, alpha1-microglobulin (A1M) and retinol-binding protein (RBP), were measured in 657 healthy children from birth to 18 years of age. The urinary levels of RBP and A1M suggest an age-dependent decline, whereas the levels of albumin and IgG show an uneven distribution. Reference values for albumin, IgG, A1M, and RBP for each group are reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Lehrnbecher
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Würzburg, Germany
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