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Menegati LM, de Oliveira EE, Oliveira BDC, Macedo GC, de Castro E Silva FM. Asthma, obesity, and microbiota: A complex immunological interaction. Immunol Lett 2023; 255:10-20. [PMID: 36646290 DOI: 10.1016/j.imlet.2023.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2022] [Revised: 01/02/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Obesity and allergic asthma are inflammatory chronic diseases mediated by distinct immunological features, obesity presents a Th1/Th17 profile, asthma is commonly associated with Th2 response. However, when combined, they result in more severe asthma symptoms, greater frequency of exacerbation episodes, and lower therapy responsiveness. These features lead to decreased life quality, associated with higher morbidity/mortality rates. In addition, obesity prompts specific asthma phenotypes, which can be dependent on atopic status, age, and gender. In adults, obesity is associated with neutrophilic/Th17 profile, while in children, the outcome is diverse, in some cases children with obesity present aggravation of atopy, and Th2 inflammation, and in others an association with a Th1 profile, with reduced IgE levels and eosinophilia. These alterations occur due to a complex group of factors among which the microbiome has been recently explored. Particularly, evidence shows its important role in susceptibility or resistance to asthma development, via gut-lung-axis, and demonstrates its relevance to the immune pathogenesis of the syndrome. Few studies address the relevance of the lung microbiome in shaping the immune response, locally. However, specific bacteria, like Moraxella catarrhalis, Haemophilus influenza, and Streptococcus pneumoniae, correlate with important features of the obese-asthmatic phenotype. Although maternal obesity is known to increase asthma risk in offspring, the impact on lung colonization is unknown. This review details the main key immune mechanisms involved in obesity-aggravated asthma, featuring the effect of maternal obesity in the establishment of gut and lung microbiota of the offspring, acting as potential childhood asthma inducer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Machado Menegati
- Faculdade de Medicina, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Saúde, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Erick Esteves de Oliveira
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora MG, Brazil
| | | | - Gilson Costa Macedo
- Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora MG, Brazil
| | - Flávia Márcia de Castro E Silva
- Departamento de Microbiologia, Imunologia e Parasitologia, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas - RJ, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
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Silva FMDCE, de Oliveira EE, Ambrósio MGE, Ayupe MC, de Souza VP, Menegati LM, Reis DRDL, Machado MA, Macedo GC, Ferreira AP. Disodium cromoglycate treatment reduces T H2 immune response and immunohistopathological features in a murine model of Eosinophilic Esophagitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2020; 83:106422. [PMID: 32251959 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2020.106422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2019] [Revised: 02/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/17/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an emergent chronic disease of the esophagus. The immunopathological process in EoE is characterized by Th2 immune response and prominent eosinophilic influx, in response to common food allergens. The classical treatment consists of allergen elimination diet and systemic/topical corticosteroid therapy. Nevertheless, patients do not always comply to treatment, and the prolonged corticosteroid therapy can cause side effects, therefore, there is an immediate need for new therapeutic approach for EoE. Disodium cromoglicate (DSCG) is a substance broadly used in allergic asthma treatment, and a well-known mast cell activation stabilizer. However, its effect in EoE have not been evaluated yet. This study aimed to assess the effects of DSCG treatment in an EoE experimental model. Male Balb/C mice were subcutaneously sensitized for five days with OVA, and subsequently orally OVA-challenged, DSCG administration was performed between the OVA-challenges. DSCG treatment not only reduced eosinophilic and mast cell influx, as well as reduced fibrosis. In addition, tslp, GATA3, IL-5, FoxP3 and IL-10 mRNA expression were reduced in esophageal mucosa, associated with lower Th2 (CD3+CD4+GATA3+IL4+) and B cells (CD19+CD40+) number in peripheral lymphoid organs. In conclusion, the data demonstrate DSCG treatment was effective in reducing mast cell activation and Th2 immune response, important immunopathological EoE features. Therefore, the use of DSCG as an EoE treatment can be considered a promising therapeutic approach to treat this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Márcia de Castro E Silva
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Erick Esteves de Oliveira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | - Marina Caçador Ayupe
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Viviane Passos de Souza
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Laura Machado Menegati
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gilson Costa Macedo
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ferreira
- Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil.
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Silva FMDCE, Oliveira EED, Ambrósio MGE, Ayupe MC, Souza VPD, Gameiro J, Reis DRDL, Machado MA, Macedo GC, Mattes J, Ferreira AP. High-fat diet-induced obesity worsens TH2 immune response and immunopathologic characteristics in murine model of eosinophilic oesophagitis. Clin Exp Allergy 2019; 50:244-255. [PMID: 31837231 DOI: 10.1111/cea.13533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 10/11/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Eosinophilic oesophagitis (EoE) is an emergent chronic immune-mediated disease of the oesophagus, which affects both children and adults. It is clinically characterized by dysphagia, food impaction and oesophageal eosinophilia. Epidemiological studies indicate that obesity can worsen allergic symptoms; however, its effect on EoE immunopathological response has not been evaluated yet. This study aimed to assess the effect of obesity on allergic inflammation and T helper-2 profile in an EoE experimental model. METHODS Obesity was induced by high-fat feeding. After 7 weeks of diet, male BALB/c mice were subcutaneously sensitized and orally challenged with OVA. RESULTS Obesity itself induced a significant mast cell and eosinophil accumulation in the oesophagus, trachea, gut and lung. After allergy induction, this number was higher, when compared to lean-allergic mice. Moreover, obese-allergic mice showed higher remodelling area, in the oesophagus, associated with higher IL-5 and TSLP mRNA expression. In contrast, FoxP3 and IL-10 were less expressed in comparison with lean-allergic mice. In addition, the amount of CD11c+ MHCII+ PDL1+ dendritic cells was reduced, while the number of CD11c+ MHCII+ CD80+ DCs and CD3+ CD4+ GATA3 + IL-4+ cells was increased in obese-allergic mice in the spleen and lymph nodes when compared to lean-allergic mice. CONCLUSION Obesity aggravated the immune histopathological characteristics in the EoE experimental model, which was associated with the reduction in the regulatory profile, and the increased inflammatory cells influx, related to the TH 2 profile. Altogether, the data provide new knowledge about obesity as a risk factor, worsening EoE symptoms, and contribute for future treatment strategies for this specific profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flávia Márcia de Castro E Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Erick Esteves de Oliveira
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Marcilene Gomes Evangelista Ambrósio
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Marina Caçador Ayupe
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Viviane Passos de Souza
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Jacy Gameiro
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | | | | | - Gilson Costa Macedo
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
| | - Joerg Mattes
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Diseases, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of Newcastle, Newcastle, NSW, Australia
| | - Ana Paula Ferreira
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Brazil
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Esteves de Oliveira E, de Castro E Silva FM, Caçador Ayupe M, Gomes Evangelista Ambrósio M, Passos de Souza V, Costa Macedo G, Ferreira AP. Obesity affects peripheral lymphoid organs immune response in murine asthma model. Immunology 2019; 157:268-279. [PMID: 31112301 DOI: 10.1111/imm.13081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2018] [Revised: 05/10/2019] [Accepted: 05/15/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma and obesity present rising incidence, and their concomitance is a reason for concern, as obese individuals are usually resistant to conventional asthma treatments and have more exacerbation episodes. Obesity affects several features in the lungs during asthma onset, shifting the T helper type 2 (Th2)/eosinophilic response towards a Th17/neutrophilic profile. Moreover, those individuals can present reduced atopy and delayed cytokine production. However, the impact of obesity on follicular helper T (Tfh) cells and B cells that could potentially result in antibody production disturbances are still unclear. Therefore, we aimed to assess the peripheral response to ovalbumin (OVA) in a concomitant model of obesity and asthma. Pulmonary allergy was induced, in both lean and obese female BALB/c mice, through OVA sensitizations and challenges. Mediastinal lymph nodes (MLNs) and spleen were processed for immunophenotyping. Lung was used for standard allergy analysis. Obese-allergic mice produced less anti-OVA IgE and more IgG2a than lean-allergic mice. Dendritic cells (CD11c+ MHCIIhigh ) expressed less CD86 and more PDL1 in obese-allergic mice compared with lean-allergic mice, in the MLNs. Meanwhile, B cells (CD19+ CD40+ ) were more frequent and the amount of PDL1/PD1+ cells was diminished by obesity, with the opposite effects in the spleen. Tfh cells (CD3+ CD4+ CXCR5+ PD1+ ) expressing FoxP3 were more frequent in obese mice, associated with the predominance of Th (CD3+ CD4+ ) cells expressing interleukin-4/GATA3 in the MLNs and interleukin-17A/RORγT in the spleen. Those modifications to the main components of the germinal centers could be resulting in the increased IgG2a production, which - associated with the Th17/neutrophilic profile - contributes to asthma worsening and represents an important target for future treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erick Esteves de Oliveira
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Flávia Márcia de Castro E Silva
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Marina Caçador Ayupe
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Marcilene Gomes Evangelista Ambrósio
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Viviane Passos de Souza
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Gilson Costa Macedo
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Ferreira
- Department of Parasitology, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, MG, Brazil
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Sin Singer Brugiolo A, Carvalho Gouveia AC, de Souza Alves CC, de Castro E Silva FM, Esteves de Oliveira É, Ferreira AP. Ferulic acid supresses Th2 immune response and prevents remodeling in ovalbumin-induced pulmonary allergy associated with inhibition of epithelial-derived cytokines. Pulm Pharmacol Ther 2017; 45:202-209. [PMID: 28689020 DOI: 10.1016/j.pupt.2017.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2017] [Revised: 06/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/03/2017] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is characterized by intermittent airway obstruction and chronic inflammation, orchestrated primarily by Th2 cytokines. There is a strong rationale for developing new asthma therapies, since current treatment protocols present side effects and may not be effective in cases of difficult-to-control asthma. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of ferulic acid, a phenolic acid commonly present in plants, in the ovalbumin-induced pulmonary allergy murine model. METHODS BALB/c mice were sensitized and challenged with ovalbumin, and treatments were provided by gavage. Six groups of mice (n = 6) were studied, labeled as: control, pulmonary allergy, dexamethasone, and 3 receiving ferulic acid (at 25, 50, and 100 mg/kg). Lung tissue, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and serum were collected for analysis. RESULTS Ferulic acid treatment inhibited an established allergic Th2-response by decreasing the key features of pulmonary allergy, including lung and airway inflammation, eosinophil infiltration, mucus production and serum levels of OVA-specific IgE. These results were associated with lower levels of CCL20, CCL11 and CCL5 chemokines and IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, TSLP, IL-25 and IL-33 cytokines in lung tissue homogenate. CONCLUSIONS In this study it was demonstrated for the first time that ferulic acid treatment is able to suppress one of the main features of the airway remodeling, indicated by reduction of mucus production, besides the Th2 pathogenic response on ovalbumin-induced pulmonary allergy. Taken together, results shows that the immunopathological mechanism underlying these effects is linked to a reduction of the epithelial-derived chemokines and cytokines, suggesting that ferulic acid may be useful as a potential therapeutic agent for asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessa Sin Singer Brugiolo
- IMUNOCET, Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Ana Cláudia Carvalho Gouveia
- IMUNOCET, Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Caio César de Souza Alves
- IMUNOCET, Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Flávia Márcia de Castro E Silva
- IMUNOCET, Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Érick Esteves de Oliveira
- IMUNOCET, Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
| | - Ana Paula Ferreira
- IMUNOCET, Departamento de Parasitologia, Microbiologia e Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
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