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Boschi A, Iachetta G, Buonocore S, Hubarevich A, Hurtaud J, Moreddu R, Marta d'Amora, Formoso MB, Tantussi F, Dipalo M, De Angelis F. Interferometric Biosensor for High Sensitive Label-Free Recording of HiPS Cardiomyocytes Contraction in Vitro. Nano Lett 2024. [PMID: 38776267 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04291] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2024]
Abstract
Heart disease remains a leading cause of global mortality, underscoring the need for advanced technologies to study cardiovascular diseases and develop effective treatments. We introduce an innovative interferometric biosensor for high-sensitivity and label-free recording of human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC) cardiomyocyte contraction in vitro. Using an optical cavity, our device captures interference patterns caused by the contraction-induced displacement of a thin flexible membrane. First, we demonstrate the capability to quantify spontaneous contractions and discriminate between contraction and relaxation phases. We calculate a contraction-induced vertical membrane displacement close to 40 nm, which implies a traction stress of 34 ± 4 mN/mm2. Finally, we investigate the effects of a drug compound on contractility amplitude, revealing a significant reduction in contractile forces. The label-free and high-throughput nature of our biosensor may enhance drug screening processes and drug development for cardiac treatments. Our interferometric biosensor offers a novel approach for noninvasive and real-time assessment of cardiomyocyte contraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessio Boschi
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Bioengineering, University of Genoa, 16126 Genoa, Italy
| | - Giuseppina Iachetta
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Salvatore Buonocore
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | | | - Julien Hurtaud
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Rosalia Moreddu
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marta d'Amora
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Blanco Formoso
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
- Center for Research in Nanomaterials and Biomedicine, University of Vigo, 36310 Vigo, Spain
| | - Francesco Tantussi
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Michele Dipalo
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- Plasmon Nanotechnologies Unit, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genoa, Italy
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2
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D'Amora M, Galgani A, Marchese M, Tantussi F, Faraguna U, De Angelis F, Giorgi FS. Zebrafish as an Innovative Tool for Epilepsy Modeling: State of the Art and Potential Future Directions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24097702. [PMID: 37175408 PMCID: PMC10177843 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24097702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 04/20/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
This article discusses the potential of Zebrafish (ZF) (Danio Rerio), as a model for epilepsy research. Epilepsy is a neurological disorder affecting both children and adults, and many aspects of this disease are still poorly understood. In vivo and in vitro models derived from rodents are the most widely used for studying both epilepsy pathophysiology and novel drug treatments. However, researchers have recently obtained several valuable insights into these two fields of investigation by studying ZF. Despite the relatively simple brain structure of these animals, researchers can collect large amounts of data in a much shorter period and at lower costs compared to classical rodent models. This is particularly useful when a large number of candidate antiseizure drugs need to be screened, and ethical issues are minimized. In ZF, seizures have been induced through a variety of chemoconvulsants, primarily pentylenetetrazol (PTZ), kainic acid (KA), and pilocarpine. Furthermore, ZF can be easily genetically modified to test specific aspects of monogenic forms of human epilepsy, as well as to discover potential convulsive phenotypes in monogenic mutants. The article reports on the state-of-the-art and potential new fields of application of ZF research, including its potential role in revealing epileptogenic mechanisms, rather than merely assessing iatrogenic acute seizure modulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta D'Amora
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, 56125 Pisa, Italy
| | - Alessandro Galgani
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Marchese
- Molecular Medicine and Neurobiology-ZebraLab, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Ugo Faraguna
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
- Department of Developmental Neuroscience, IRCCS Fondazione Stella Maris, 56128 Pisa, Italy
| | | | - Filippo Sean Giorgi
- Department of Translational Research and of New Surgical and Medical Technologies, University of Pisa, 56126 Pisa, Italy
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3
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Zheng D, Pisano F, Collard L, Balena A, Pisanello M, Spagnolo B, Mach-Batlle R, Tantussi F, Carbone L, De Angelis F, Valiente M, de la Prida LM, Ciracì C, De Vittorio M, Pisanello F. Toward Plasmonic Neural Probes: SERS Detection of Neurotransmitters through Gold-Nanoislands-Decorated Tapered Optical Fibers with Sub-10 nm Gaps. Adv Mater 2023; 35:e2200902. [PMID: 36479741 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202200902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Integration of plasmonic nanostructures with fiber-optics-based neural probes enables label-free detection of molecular fingerprints via surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS), and it represents a fascinating technological horizon to investigate brain function. However, developing neuroplasmonic probes that can interface with deep brain regions with minimal invasiveness while providing the sensitivity to detect biomolecular signatures in a physiological environment is challenging, in particular because the same waveguide must be employed for both delivering excitation light and collecting the resulting scattered photons. Here, a SERS-active neural probe based on a tapered optical fiber (TF) decorated with gold nanoislands (NIs) that can detect neurotransmitters down to the micromolar range is presented. To do this, a novel, nonplanar repeated dewetting technique to fabricate gold NIs with sub-10 nm gaps, uniformly distributed on the wide (square millimeter scale in surface area), highly curved surface of TF is developed. It is experimentally and numerically shown that the amplified broadband near-field enhancement of the high-density NIs layer allows for achieving a limit of detection in aqueous solution of 10-7 m for rhodamine 6G and 10-5 m for serotonin and dopamine through SERS at near-infrared wavelengths. The NIs-TF technology is envisioned as a first step toward the unexplored frontier of in vivo label-free plasmonic neural interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Zheng
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Filippo Pisano
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Liam Collard
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Antonio Balena
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Marco Pisanello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Barbara Spagnolo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Rosa Mach-Batlle
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Francesco Tantussi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Convergent Technologies, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Luigi Carbone
- CNR NANOTEC - Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Salento, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Convergent Technologies, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Manuel Valiente
- Brain Metastasis Group, Spanish National Cancer Research Center (CNIO), Madrid, 28029, Spain
| | | | - Cristian Ciracì
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
| | - Massimo De Vittorio
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
- Dipartimento di Ingegneria Dell'Innovazione, Università del Salento, Lecce, 73100, Italy
| | - Ferruccio Pisanello
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Center for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies, Arnesano, LE, 73010, Italy
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4
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Iachetta G, Melle G, Colistra N, Tantussi F, De Angelis F, Dipalo M. Long-term in vitro recording of cardiac action potentials on microelectrode arrays for chronic cardiotoxicity assessment. Arch Toxicol 2023; 97:509-522. [PMID: 36607357 PMCID: PMC9859891 DOI: 10.1007/s00204-022-03422-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The reliable identification of chronic cardiotoxic effects in in vitro screenings is fundamental for filtering out toxic molecular entities before in vivo animal experimentation and clinical trials. Present techniques such as patch-clamp, voltage indicators, and standard microelectrode arrays do not offer at the same time high sensitivity for measuring transmembrane ion currents and low-invasiveness for monitoring cells over long time. Here, we show that optoporation applied to microelectrode arrays enables measuring action potentials from human-derived cardiac syncytia for more than 1 continuous month and provides reliable data on chronic cardiotoxic effects caused by known compounds such as pentamidine. The technique has high potential for detecting chronic cardiotoxicity in the early phases of drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy.
- FORESEE Biosystems Srl, Genova, Italy.
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5
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d'Amora M, Schmidt TJN, Konstantinidou S, Raffa V, De Angelis F, Tantussi F. Effects of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles in Zebrafish. Oxid Med Cell Longev 2022; 2022:3313016. [PMID: 35154565 PMCID: PMC8837465 DOI: 10.1155/2022/3313016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Metal oxide nanoparticles (MO NPs) are increasingly employed in many fields with a wide range of applications from industries to drug delivery. Due to their semiconducting properties, metal oxide nanoparticles are commonly used in the manufacturing of several commercial products available in the market, including cosmetics, food additives, textile, paint, and antibacterial ointments. The use of metallic oxide nanoparticles for medical and cosmetic purposes leads to unavoidable human exposure, requiring a proper knowledge of their potentially harmful effects. This review offers a comprehensive overview of the possible toxicity of metallic oxide nanoparticles in zebrafish during both adulthood and growth stages, with an emphasis on the role of oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta d'Amora
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, S.S. 12 Abetone e Brennero 4, 56127 Pisa, Italy
| | | | | | - Vittoria Raffa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, S.S. 12 Abetone e Brennero 4, 56127 Pisa, Italy
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6
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d’Amora M, Raffa V, De Angelis F, Tantussi F. Toxicological Profile of Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Zebrafish Model. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22126372. [PMID: 34198694 PMCID: PMC8232250 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22126372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2021] [Revised: 06/09/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Plasmonic nanoparticles are increasingly employed in several fields, thanks to their unique, promising properties. In particular, these particles exhibit a surface plasmon resonance combined with outstanding absorption and scattering properties. They are also easy to synthesize and functionalize, making them ideal for nanotechnology applications. However, the physicochemical properties of these nanoparticles can make them potentially toxic, even if their bulk metallic forms are almost inert. In this review, we aim to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the potential adverse effects of plasmonic nanoparticles in zebrafish (Danio rerio) during both development and adulthood, focusing our attention on the most common materials used, i.e., gold and silver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta d’Amora
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (F.D.A.); (F.T.)
- Correspondence:
| | - Vittoria Raffa
- Department of Biology, University of Pisa, S.S. 12 Abetone e Brennero 4, 56127 Pisa, Italy;
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (F.D.A.); (F.T.)
| | - Francesco Tantussi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy; (F.D.A.); (F.T.)
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7
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Iachetta G, Colistra N, Melle G, Deleye L, Tantussi F, De Angelis F, Dipalo M. Improving reliability and reducing costs of cardiotoxicity assessments using laser-induced cell poration on microelectrode arrays. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2021; 418:115480. [PMID: 33689843 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2021.115480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/02/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Drug-induced cardiotoxicity is a major barrier to drug development and a main cause of withdrawal of marketed drugs. Drugs can strongly alter the spontaneous functioning of the heart by interacting with the cardiac membrane ion channels. If these effects only surface during in vivo preclinical tests, clinical trials or worse after commercialization, the societal and economic burden will be significant and seriously hinder the efficient drug development process. Hence, cardiac safety pharmacology requires in vitro electrophysiological screening assays of all drug candidates to predict cardiotoxic effects before clinical trials. In the past 10 years, microelectrode array (MEA) technology began to be considered a valuable approach in pharmaceutical applications. However, an effective tool for high-throughput intracellular measurements, compatible with pharmaceutical standards, is not yet available. Here, we propose laser-induced optoacoustic poration combined with CMOS-MEA technology as a reliable and effective platform to detect cardiotoxicity. This approach enables the acquisition of high-quality action potential recordings from large numbers of cardiomyocytes within the same culture well, providing reliable data using single-well MEA devices and single cardiac syncytia per each drug. Thus, this technology could be applied in drug safety screening platforms reducing times and costs of cardiotoxicity assessments, while simultaneously improving the data reliability.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Nicolò Colistra
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Melle
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Lieselot Deleye
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | | | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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Barbaglia A, Dipalo M, Melle G, Iachetta G, Deleye L, Hubarevich A, Toma A, Tantussi F, De Angelis F. Mirroring Action Potentials: Label-Free, Accurate, and Noninvasive Electrophysiological Recordings of Human-Derived Cardiomyocytes. Adv Mater 2021; 33:e2004234. [PMID: 33410191 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202004234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2020] [Revised: 11/15/2020] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The electrophysiological recording of action potentials in human cells is a long-sought objective due to its pivotal importance in many disciplines. Among the developed techniques, invasiveness remains a common issue, causing cytotoxicity or altering unpredictably cell physiological response. In this work, a new approach for recording intracellular signals of outstanding quality and with noninvasiveness is introduced. By taking profit of the concept of mirror charge in classical electrodynamics, the new proposed device transduces cell ionic currents into mirror charges in a microfluidic chamber, thus realizing a virtual mirror cell. By monitoring mirror charge dynamics, it is possible to effectively record the action potentials fired by the cells. Since there is no need for accessing or interacting with the cells, the method is intrinsically noninvasive. In addition, being based on optical recording, it shows high spatial resolution and high parallelization. As shown through a set of experiments, the presented methodology is an ideal candidate for the next generation devices for the reliable assessment of cardiotoxicity on human-derived cardiomyocytes. More generally, it paves the way toward a new family of in vitro biodevices that will lay a new milestone in the field of electrophysiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Barbaglia
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Giovanni Melle
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | | | - Lieselot Deleye
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Toma
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
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9
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Perotto S, Biagini C, Hubarevich A, Tantussi F, De Angelis F. Toward all on chip optical detection in the few molecule regime. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 169:112600. [PMID: 32971342 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2020] [Revised: 09/04/2020] [Accepted: 09/06/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Integrated optics devices are one of the most promising technologies in many fields such as biosensing, optical monitoring, and portable devices. They provide several advantages such as unique sensitivity and the possibility of the well-established and developed silicon photonics technology. However some challenges still remain open, as the implementation of multiplex assay able to reach the single particle sensitivity. In this context, we propose a new design for a Si-based photonic structure that enables the realization of on chip sub-wavelength optical sources. The idea is based on the insertion of opportunely designed nanometric holes in the photonic circuit, which are available for analyte detection with high efficiency. We propose three different configurations in which both excitation and detection are obtained through the same waveguide thus simplifying the detection scheme and potentially enabling multiplexed detection. We proved the high confinement of the electromagnetic field in the holes both by theoretical modelling and spectroscopic measurements. We investigate the possibility of inserting an arbitrary number of optical sources by using a resonator and evaluate advantages and drawbacks of resonating and non-resonating solutions. Finally, we report the proof-of-concept experiment, where detection sensitivity down to single Quantum Dots is obtained by combining the novel design with fluorescence-based techniques. Importantly, the presented results are achieved by a simple modification of photonic sensing chips which are already on the market thus having an excellent translational perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Perotto
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, I-16159 Genova, Italy; Department of Physics, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Claudio Biagini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, I-16159 Genova, Italy; Università degli Studi di Genova, via Balbi 5, I-16126 Genova, Italy
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10
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d'Amora M, Colucci P, Usai A, Landi E, Deleye L, Dente L, De Angelis F, Raffa V, Tantussi F. Heat-sensitive poly-acrylamide nanoparticle for cancer treatment. Precision Nanomedicine 2020. [DOI: 10.33218/001c.17629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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11
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Flatae AM, Tantussi F, Messina GC, De Angelis F, Agio M. Plasmon-Assisted Suppression of Surface Trap States and Enhanced Band-Edge Emission in a Bare CdTe Quantum Dot. J Phys Chem Lett 2019; 10:2874-2878. [PMID: 31084012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b01083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Colloidal quantum dots have emerged as a versatile photoluminescent and optoelectronic material. Limitations like fluorescence intermittency, nonradiative Auger recombination, and surface traps are commonly addressed by growing a wide-band-gap shell. However, the shell isolates the excitonic wave function and reduces its interaction with the external environment necessary for different applications. Furthermore, their long emission lifetime hinders their use in high-speed optoelectronics. Here, we demonstrate a high degree of control on the photophysics of a bare core CdTe quantum dot solely by plasmon coupling, showing that more than 99% of the surface defect-state emission from a trap-rich quantum dot can be quenched. Moreover, the band-edge state excitonic and biexcitonic emission rates are Purcell enhanced by 1460- and 613-fold, respectively. Our findings show how plasmon coupling on bare quantum dots could make chemical approaches developed for improving their optical properties unnecessary, with implications for nanoscale lasers, light-emitting devices, solar cells, and ultrafast single-photon sources.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Mario Agio
- Laboratory of Nano-Optics and Cμ , University of Siegen , 57072 Siegen , Germany
- National Institute of Optics (INO-CNR) , 50125 Florence , Italy
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12
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Huang JA, Caprettini V, Zhao Y, Melle G, Maccaferri N, Deleye L, Zambrana-Puyalto X, Ardini M, Tantussi F, Dipalo M, De Angelis F. On-Demand Intracellular Delivery of Single Particles in Single Cells by 3D Hollow Nanoelectrodes. Nano Lett 2019; 19:722-731. [PMID: 30673248 PMCID: PMC6378653 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Delivery of molecules into intracellular compartments is one of the fundamental requirements in molecular biology. However, the possibility of delivering a precise number of nano-objects with single-particle resolution is still an open challenge. Here we present an electrophoretic platform based on 3D hollow nanoelectrodes to enable delivery of single nanoparticles into single selected cells and monitoring of the single-particle delivery by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS). The gold-coated hollow nanoelectrode capable of confinement and enhancement of electromagnetic fields upon laser illumination can distinguish the SERS signals of a single nanoparticle flowing through the nanoelectrode. Tight wrapping of cell membranes around the nanoelectrodes allows effective membrane electroporation such that single gold nanorods are delivered on demand into a living cell by electrophoresis. The capability of the 3D hollow nanoelectrodes to porate cells and reveal single emitters from the background in continuous flow is promising for the analysis of both intracellular delivery and sampling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-An Huang
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Caprettini
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa, Via all’Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genova, Italy
| | - Yingqi Zhao
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Giovanni Melle
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- DIBRIS, University of Genoa, Via all’Opera Pia 13, 16145 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Lieselot Deleye
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Matteo Ardini
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
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13
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Cerea A, Caprettini V, Bruno G, Lovato L, Melle G, Tantussi F, Capozza R, Moia F, Dipalo M, De Angelis F. Selective intracellular delivery and intracellular recordings combined in MEA biosensors. Lab Chip 2018; 18:3492-3500. [PMID: 30306172 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00435h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Biological studies on in vitro cell cultures are of fundamental importance to investigate cell response to external stimuli, such as new drugs for the treatment of specific pathologies, or to study communication between electrogenic cells. Although three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures brought tremendous improvements on biosensors used for various biological in vitro studies, including drug delivery and electrical recording, there is still a lack of multifunctional capabilities that could help gain deeper insights in several bio-related research fields. In this work, the electrical recording of large cell ensembles and the intracellular delivery of few selected cells are combined on the same device by integrating microfluidic channels on the bottom of a multi-electrode array decorated with 3D hollow nanostructures. The novel platform allows the recording of intracellular-like action potentials from large ensembles of cardiomyocytes derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSC) and from the HL-1 line, while different molecules are selectively delivered into single/few targeted cells. The proposed approach shows high potential for enabling new comprehensive studies that can relate drug effects to network level cell communication processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Cerea
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy.
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14
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Dipalo M, Melle G, Lovato L, Jacassi A, Santoro F, Caprettini V, Schirato A, Alabastri A, Garoli D, Bruno G, Tantussi F, De Angelis F. Author Correction: Plasmonic meta-electrodes allow intracellular recordings at network level on high-density CMOS-multi-electrode arrays. Nat Nanotechnol 2018; 13:972. [PMID: 30154426 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0261-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the version of this Article originally published, the affiliation for the author Francesca Santoro was incorrectly given; it should have been 'Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Napoli, Italy'. This has now been corrected in all versions of the Article.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Santoro
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Schirato
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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15
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Dipalo M, Melle G, Lovato L, Jacassi A, Santoro F, Caprettini V, Schirato A, Alabastri A, Garoli D, Bruno G, Tantussi F, De Angelis F. Plasmonic meta-electrodes allow intracellular recordings at network level on high-density CMOS-multi-electrode arrays. Nat Nanotechnol 2018; 13:965-971. [PMID: 30104618 DOI: 10.1038/s41565-018-0222-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The ability to monitor electrogenic cells accurately plays a pivotal role in neuroscience, cardiology and cell biology. Despite pioneering research and long-lasting efforts, the existing methods for intracellular recording of action potentials on the large network scale suffer limitations that prevent their widespread use. Here, we introduce the concept of a meta-electrode, a planar porous electrode that mimics the optical and biological behaviour of three-dimensional plasmonic antennas but also preserves the ability to work as an electrode. Its synergistic combination with plasmonic optoacoustic poration allows commercial complementary metal-oxide semiconductor multi-electrode arrays to record intracellular action potentials in large cellular networks. We apply this approach to measure signals from human-induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiac cells, rodent primary cardiomyocytes and immortalized cell types and demonstrate the possibility of non-invasively testing a variety of relevant drugs. Due to its robustness and easiness of use, we expect the method will be rapidly adopted by the scientific community and by pharmaceutical companies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Francesca Santoro
- Center for Advanced Biomaterials for Healthcare, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Napoli, Italy
| | | | - Andrea Schirato
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Alessandro Alabastri
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Rice University, Houston, TX, USA
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16
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Tantussi F, Messina GC, Capozza R, Dipalo M, Lovato L, De Angelis F. Long-Range Capture and Delivery of Water-Dispersed Nano-objects by Microbubbles Generated on 3D Plasmonic Surfaces. ACS Nano 2018; 12:4116-4122. [PMID: 29589906 PMCID: PMC5968431 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.7b07893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2017] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The possibility of investigating small amounts of molecules, moieties, or nano-objects dispersed in solution constitutes a central step for various application areas in which high sensitivity is necessary. Here, we show that the rapid expansion of a water bubble can act as a fast-moving net for molecules or nano-objects, collecting the floating objects in the surrounding medium in a range up to 100 μm. Thanks to an engineered 3D patterning of the substrate, the collapse of the bubble could be guided toward a designed area of the surface with micrometric precision. Thus, a locally confined high density of particles is obtained, ready for evaluation by most optical/spectroscopic detection schemes. One of the main relevant strengths of the long-range capture and delivery method is the ability to increase, by a few orders of magnitude, the local density of particles with no changes in their physiological environment. The bubble is generated by an ultrafast IR laser pulse train focused on a resonant plasmonic antenna; due to the excitation process, the technique is trustworthy and applicable to biological samples. We have tested the reliabilities of the process by concentrating highly dispersed fluorescence molecules and fluorescent beads. Lastly, as an ultimate test, we have applied the bubble clustering method on nanosized exosome vesicles dispersed in water; due to the clustering effect, we were able to effectively perform Raman spectroscopy on specimens that were otherwise extremely difficult to measure.
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17
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Jacassi A, Tantussi F, Dipalo M, Biagini C, Maccaferri N, Bozzola A, De Angelis F. Scanning Probe Photonic Nanojet Lithography. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2017; 9:32386-32393. [PMID: 28853854 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.7b10145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
The use of nano/microspheres or beads for optical nanolithography is a consolidated technique for achieving subwavelength structures using a cost-effective approach; this method exploits the capability of the beads to focus electromagnetic waves into subwavelength beams called photonic nanojets, which are used to expose the photoresist on which the beads are placed. However, this technique has only been used to produce regular patterns based on the spatial arrangement of the beads on the substrate, thus considerably limiting the pool of applications. Here, we present a novel microsphere-based optical lithography technique that offers high subwavelength resolution and the possibility of generating any arbitrary pattern. The presented method consists of a single microsphere embedded in an AFM cantilever, which can be controlled using the AFM motors to write arbitrary patterns with subwavelength resolution (down to 290 nm with a 405 nm laser). The performance of the proposed technique can compete with those of commercial high-resolution standard instruments, with the advantage of a one-order-of-magnitude reduction in costs. This approach paves the way for direct integration of cost-effective, high-resolution optical lithography capabilities into several existing AFM systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Jacassi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | | | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Claudio Biagini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Nicolò Maccaferri
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
| | - Angelo Bozzola
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia , Via Morego 30, Genova, 16163, Italy
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18
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Caprettini V, Cerea A, Melle G, Lovato L, Capozza R, Huang JA, Tantussi F, Dipalo M, De Angelis F. Soft electroporation for delivering molecules into tightly adherent mammalian cells through 3D hollow nanoelectrodes. Sci Rep 2017; 7:8524. [PMID: 28819252 PMCID: PMC5561120 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-08886-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Electroporation of in-vitro cultured cells is widely used in biological and medical areas to deliver molecules of interest inside cells. Since very high electric fields are required to electroporate the plasma membrane, depending on the geometry of the electrodes the required voltages can be very high and often critical to cell viability. Furthermore, in traditional electroporation configuration based on planar electrodes there is no a priori certain feedback about which cell has been targeted and delivered and the addition of fluorophores may be needed to gain this information. In this study we present a nanofabricated platform able to perform intracellular delivery of membrane-impermeable molecules by opening transient nanopores into the lipid membrane of adherent cells with high spatial precision and with the application of low voltages (1.5–2 V). This result is obtained by exploiting the tight seal that the cells present with 3D fluidic hollow gold-coated nanostructures that act as nanochannels and nanoelectrodes at the same time. The final soft-electroporation platform provides an accessible approach for controlled and selective drug delivery on ordered arrangements of cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Caprettini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, 16163, Italy.,Università degli studi di Genova, Genoa, 16126, Italy
| | - Andrea Cerea
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, 16163, Italy.,Università degli studi di Genova, Genoa, 16126, Italy
| | - Giovanni Melle
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, 16163, Italy.,Università degli studi di Genova, Genoa, 16126, Italy
| | - Laura Lovato
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, 16163, Italy
| | | | - Jian-An Huang
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Genoa, 16163, Italy
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19
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Duocastella M, Tantussi F, Haddadpour A, Zaccaria RP, Jacassi A, Veronis G, Diaspro A, Angelis FD. Combination of scanning probe technology with photonic nanojets. Sci Rep 2017; 7:3474. [PMID: 28615621 PMCID: PMC5471276 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03726-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/03/2017] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Light focusing through a microbead leads to the formation of a photonic nanojet functional for enhancing the spatial resolution of traditional optical systems. Despite numerous works that prove this phenomenon, a method to appropriately translate the nanojet on top of a region of interest is still missing. Here, by using advanced 3D fabrication techniques we integrated a microbead on an AFM cantilever thus realizing a system to efficiently position nanojets. This fabrication approach is robust and can be exploited in a myriad of applications, ranging from microscopy to Raman spectroscopy. We demonstrate the potential of portable nanojets by imaging different sub-wavelength structures. Thanks to the achieved portability, we were able to perform a detailed optical characterization of the resolution enhancement induced by the microbead, which sheds light into the many contradictory resolution claims present in literature. Our conclusions are strongly supported by rigorous data analysis and by numerical simulations, all in perfect agreement with experimental results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martí Duocastella
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16063, Genoa, Italy.
| | - Francesco Tantussi
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16063, Genoa, Italy
| | - Ali Haddadpour
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.,Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA
| | | | - Andrea Jacassi
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16063, Genoa, Italy
| | - Georgios Veronis
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA.,Center for Computation and Technology, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 70803, USA
| | - Alberto Diaspro
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16063, Genoa, Italy
| | - Francesco De Angelis
- Nanophysics, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16063, Genoa, Italy
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20
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Dipalo M, Amin H, Lovato L, Moia F, Caprettini V, Messina GC, Tantussi F, Berdondini L, De Angelis F. Intracellular and Extracellular Recording of Spontaneous Action Potentials in Mammalian Neurons and Cardiac Cells with 3D Plasmonic Nanoelectrodes. Nano Lett 2017; 17:3932-3939. [PMID: 28534411 PMCID: PMC5520104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.7b01523] [Citation(s) in RCA: 108] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Three-dimensional vertical micro- and nanostructures can enhance the signal quality of multielectrode arrays and promise to become the prime methodology for the investigation of large networks of electrogenic cells. So far, access to the intracellular environment has been obtained via spontaneous poration, electroporation, or by surface functionalization of the micro/nanostructures; however, these methods still suffer from some limitations due to their intrinsic characteristics that limit their widespread use. Here, we demonstrate the ability to continuously record both extracellular and intracellular-like action potentials at each electrode site in spontaneously active mammalian neurons and HL-1 cardiac-derived cells via the combination of vertical nanoelectrodes with plasmonic optoporation. We demonstrate long-term and stable recordings with a very good signal-to-noise ratio. Additionally, plasmonic optoporation does not perturb the spontaneous electrical activity; it permits continuous recording even during the poration process and can regulate extracellular and intracellular contributions by means of partial cellular poration.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Hayder Amin
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Laura Lovato
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Fabio Moia
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Valeria Caprettini
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- DIBRIS, Università degli Studi di
Genova, 16126 Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Francesco De Angelis
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, 16163 Genova, Italy
- E-mail: . Tel. 0039-010-71781249. Address: Via Morego 30,
16163, Genova, Italy
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21
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Zilio P, Dipalo M, Tantussi F, Messina GC, de Angelis F. Hot electrons in water: injection and ponderomotive acceleration by means of plasmonic nanoelectrodes. Light Sci Appl 2017; 6:e17002. [PMID: 30167264 PMCID: PMC6062236 DOI: 10.1038/lsa.2017.2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2016] [Revised: 01/10/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
We present a theoretical and experimental study of a plasmonic nanoelectrode architecture that is able to inject bunches of hot electrons into an aqueous environment. In this approach, electrons are accelerated in water by ponderomotive forces up to energies capable of exciting or ionizing water molecules. This ability is enabled by the nanoelectrode structure (extruding out of a metal baseplate), which allows for the production of an intense plasmonic hot spot at the apex of the structure while maintaining the electrical connection to a virtually unlimited charge reservoir. The electron injection is experimentally monitored by recording the current transmitted through the water medium, whereas the electron acceleration is confirmed by observation of the bubble generation for a laser power exceeding a proper threshold. An understanding of the complex physics involved is obtained via a numerical approach that explicitly models the electromagnetic hot spot generation, electron-by-electron injection via multiphoton absorption, acceleration by ponderomotive forces and electron-water interaction through random elastic and inelastic scattering. The model predicts a critical electron density for bubble nucleation that nicely matches the experimental findings and reveals that the efficiency of energy transfer from the plasmonic hot spot to the free electron cloud is much more efficient (17 times higher) in water than in a vacuum. Because of their high kinetic energy and large reduction potential, these proposed wet hot electrons may provide new opportunities in photocatalysis, electrochemical processes and hot-electron driven chemistry.
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22
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D’Acunto M, Fuso F, Micheletto R, Naruse M, Tantussi F, Allegrini M. Near-field surface plasmon field enhancement induced by rippled surfaces. Beilstein J Nanotechnol 2017; 8:956-967. [PMID: 28546890 PMCID: PMC5433166 DOI: 10.3762/bjnano.8.97] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2017] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
The occurrence of plasmon resonances on metallic nanometer-scale structures is an intrinsically nanoscale phenomenon, given that the two resonance conditions (i.e., negative dielectric permittivity and large free-space wavelength in comparison with system dimensions) are realized at the same time on the nanoscale. Resonances on surface metallic nanostructures are often experimentally found by probing the structures under investigation with radiation of various frequencies following a trial-and-error method. A general technique for the tuning of these resonances is highly desirable. In this paper we address the issue of the role of local surface patterns in the tuning of these resonances as a function of wavelength and electric field polarization. The effect of nanoscale roughness on the surface plasmon polaritons of randomly patterned gold films is numerically investigated. The field enhancement and relation to specific roughness patterns is analyzed, producing many different realizations of rippled surfaces. We demonstrate that irregular patterns act as metal-dielectric-metal local nanogaps (cavities) for the resonant plasmonic field. In turn, the numerical results are compared to experimental data obtained via aperture scanning near-field optical microscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario D’Acunto
- CNR-ISM, Istituto di Struttura della Materia, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Fosso del Cavaliere 100, 00133, Rome, Italy
- CNR-IBF, Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche, via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Francesco Fuso
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi and CNISM, Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
- CNR-INO, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
| | - Ruggero Micheletto
- Yokohama City University, Graduate School of Nanobioscience, 22-2 Seto, Kanazawa-ku, Yokohama, Japan
- Harvard Medical School, 64 Sydney Street, Suite 170, Cambridge, 02139 MA, USA
| | - Makoto Naruse
- Network System Research Institute, National Institute of Information and Communications Technology, 4-2-1 Nukui-kita, Koganei, Tokyo 184-8795, Japan
| | - Francesco Tantussi
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi and CNISM, Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Allegrini
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi and CNISM, Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, 56127, Pisa, Italy
- CNR-INO, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica, via Moruzzi 1, 56124, Pisa, Italy
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23
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Garoli D, Zilio P, Gorodetski Y, Tantussi F, De Angelis F. Beaming of Helical Light from Plasmonic Vortices via Adiabatically Tapered Nanotip. Nano Lett 2016; 16:6636-6643. [PMID: 27618524 PMCID: PMC6660026 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.6b03359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
We demonstrate the generation of far-field propagating optical beams with a desired orbital angular momentum by using a smooth optical-mode transformation between a plasmonic vortex and free-space Laguerre-Gaussian modes. This is obtained by means of an adiabatically tapered gold tip surrounded by a spiral slit. The proposed physical model, backed up by the numerical study, brings about an optimized structure that is fabricated by using a highly reproducible secondary electron lithography technique. Optical measurements of the structure excellently agree with the theoretically predicted far-field distributions. This architecture provides a unique platform for a localized excitation of plasmonic vortices followed by its beaming.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Garoli
- Istituto
Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Yuri Gorodetski
- Mechanical
Engineering Department and Electrical Engineering Department, Ariel University, Ariel, 40700 Israel
- E-mail:
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24
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Garoli D, Zilio P, Gorodetski Y, Tantussi F, De Angelis F. Optical vortex beam generator at nanoscale level. Sci Rep 2016; 6:29547. [PMID: 27404659 PMCID: PMC4941733 DOI: 10.1038/srep29547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2016] [Accepted: 06/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Optical beams carrying orbital angular momentum (OAM) can find tremendous applications in several fields. In order to apply these particular beams in photonic integrated devices innovative optical elements have been proposed. Here we are interested in the generation of OAM-carrying beams at the nanoscale level. We design and experimentally demonstrate a plasmonic optical vortex emitter, based on a metal-insulator-metal holey plasmonic vortex lens. Our plasmonic element is shown to convert impinging circularly polarized light to an orbital angular momentum state capable of propagating to the far-field. Moreover, the emerging OAM can be externally adjusted by switching the handedness of the incident light polarization. The device has a radius of few micrometers and the OAM beam is generated from subwavelength aperture. The fabrication of integrated arrays of PVLs and the possible simultaneous emission of multiple optical vortices provide an easy way to the large-scale integration of optical vortex emitters for wide-ranging applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Denis Garoli
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia - Via Morego, 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
| | | | - Yuri Gorodetski
- Mechanical engineering department and Electrical engineering department, Ariel University, Ariel, Israel
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25
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Jacassi A, Bozzola A, Zilio P, Tantussi F, De Angelis F. 3D coaxial out-of-plane metallic antennas for filtering and multi-spectral imaging in the infrared range. Sci Rep 2016; 6:28738. [PMID: 27345517 PMCID: PMC4921826 DOI: 10.1038/srep28738] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/07/2016] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
We fabricated and investigated a new configuration of 3D coaxial metallic antennas working in the infrared which combines the strong lateral light scattering of vertical plasmonic structures with the selective spectral transmission of 2D arrays of coaxial apertures. The coaxial structures are fabricated with a top-down method based on a template of hollow 3D antennas. Each antenna has a multilayer radial structure consisting of dielectric and metallic materials not achievable in a 2D configuration. A planar metallic layer is inserted normally to the antennas. The outer dielectric shell of the antenna defines a nanometric gap between the horizontal plane and the vertical walls. Thanks to this aperture, light can tunnel to the other side of the plane, and be transmitted to the far field in a set of resonances. These are investigated with finite-elements electromagnetic calculations and with Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy measurements. The spectral position of the resonances can be tuned by changing the lattice period and/or the antenna length. Thanks to the strong scattering provided by the 3D geometry, the transmission peaks possess a high signal-to-noise ratio even when the illuminated area is less than 2 × 2 times the operation wavelength. This opens new possibilities for multispectral imaging in the IR with wavelength-scale spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Jacassi
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia-via Morego, 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy.,Università degli Studi di Genova, via Balbi, 5, I-16126, Genova, Italy
| | - Angelo Bozzola
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia-via Morego, 30, I-16163 Genova, Italy
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26
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Messina GC, Dipalo M, La Rocca R, Zilio P, Caprettini V, Proietti Zaccaria R, Toma A, Tantussi F, Berdondini L, De Angelis F. Spatially, Temporally, and Quantitatively Controlled Delivery of Broad Range of Molecules into Selected Cells through Plasmonic Nanotubes. Adv Mater 2015; 27:7145-9. [PMID: 26445223 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201503252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Revised: 08/27/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
A Universal plasmonic/microfluidic platform for spatial and temporal controlled intracellular delivery is described. The system can inject/transfect the desired amount of molecules with an efficacy close to 100%. Moreover, it is highly scalable from single cells to large ensembles without administering the molecules to an extracellular bath. The latter enables quantitative control over the amount of injected molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Michele Dipalo
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | - Rosanna La Rocca
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | | | | | | | - Andrea Toma
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
| | | | - Luca Berdondini
- Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, Via Morego 30, 16163, Genova, Italy
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27
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Tantussi F, Fuso F, Allegrini M, Micali N, Occhiuto IG, Scolaro LM, Patanè S. Linear and circular dichroism in porphyrin J-aggregates probed by polarization modulated scanning near-field optical microscopy. Nanoscale 2014; 6:10874-10878. [PMID: 25117553 DOI: 10.1039/c4nr00918e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Polarization modulated scanning near-field optical microscopy (PM-SNOM) is effective in detecting circular and linear dichroism with sub-wavelength resolution. PM-SNOM investigation of the chiroptical properties of single ribbon-like nanosized J-aggregates formed by acid induced aggregation of tris-(4-sulfonatophenyl)phenylporphyrin is reported. Linear dichroism maps give evidence of well-organized chromophores packed in linear arrays within the structure of the nanoribbons. Circular dichroism maps indicate that the molecules forming the nanoribbon have an inherently chiral structure at the local scale.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Tantussi
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Enrico Fermi" and CNISM, Università di Pisa, Istituto Nazionale di Ottica INO-CNR, Sezione di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
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28
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Camposeo A, Greenfeld I, Tantussi F, Moffa M, Fuso F, Allegrini M, Zussman E, Pisignano D. Conformational Evolution of Elongated Polymer Solutions Tailors the Polarization of Light-Emission from Organic Nanofibers. Macromolecules 2014; 47:4704-4710. [PMID: 25067856 PMCID: PMC4108478 DOI: 10.1021/ma500390v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2014] [Revised: 06/23/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Polymer
fibers are currently exploited in tremendously important
technologies. Their innovative properties are mainly determined by
the behavior of the polymer macromolecules under the elongation induced
by external mechanical or electrostatic forces, characterizing the
fiber drawing process. Although enhanced physical properties were
observed in polymer fibers produced under strong stretching conditions,
studies of the process-induced nanoscale organization of the polymer
molecules are not available, and most of fiber properties are still
obtained on an empirical basis. Here we reveal the orientational properties
of semiflexible polymers in electrospun nanofibers, which allow the
polarization properties of active fibers to be finely controlled.
Modeling and simulations of the conformational evolution of the polymer
chains during electrostatic elongation of semidilute solutions demonstrate
that the molecules stretch almost fully within less than 1 mm from
jet start, increasing polymer axial orientation at the jet center.
The nanoscale mapping of the local dichroism of individual fibers
by polarized near-field optical microscopy unveils for the first time
the presence of an internal spatial variation of the molecular order,
namely the presence of a core with axially aligned molecules and a
sheath with almost radially oriented molecules. These results allow
important and specific fiber properties to be manipulated and tailored,
as here demonstrated for the polarization of emitted light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Camposeo
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR , via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Israel Greenfeld
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Francesco Tantussi
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Enrico Fermi" and CNISM, Università di Pisa , Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy ; Istituto Nazionale di Ottica INO-CNR , Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa ( Italy )
| | - Maria Moffa
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR , via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Francesco Fuso
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Enrico Fermi" and CNISM, Università di Pisa , Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy ; Istituto Nazionale di Ottica INO-CNR , Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa ( Italy )
| | - Maria Allegrini
- Dipartimento di Fisica "Enrico Fermi" and CNISM, Università di Pisa , Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy ; Istituto Nazionale di Ottica INO-CNR , Sezione di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa ( Italy )
| | - Eyal Zussman
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology , Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dario Pisignano
- National Nanotechnology Laboratory of Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR , via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy ; Dipartimento di Matematica e Fisica "Ennio De Giorgi", Università del Salento , via Arnesano I-73100 Lecce, Italy
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Iasilli G, Battisti A, Tantussi F, Fuso F, Allegrini M, Ruggeri G, Pucci A. Macromol. Chem. Phys. 6/2014. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201470017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Iasilli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | | | - Francesco Tantussi
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi, INO-CNR and CNISM; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Francesco Fuso
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi, INO-CNR and CNISM; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Maria Allegrini
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi, INO-CNR and CNISM; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Giacomo Ruggeri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
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Iasilli G, Battisti A, Tantussi F, Fuso F, Allegrini M, Ruggeri G, Pucci A. Aggregation-Induced Emission of Tetraphenylethylene in Styrene-Based Polymers. MACROMOL CHEM PHYS 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/macp.201300698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Iasilli
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | | | - Francesco Tantussi
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi, INO-CNR and CNISM; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Francesco Fuso
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi, INO-CNR and CNISM; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Maria Allegrini
- Dipartimento di Fisica Enrico Fermi, INO-CNR and CNISM; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Giacomo Ruggeri
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
| | - Andrea Pucci
- Dipartimento di Chimica e Chimica Industriale; Università di Pisa; Pisa Italy
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Camposeo A, Greenfeld I, Tantussi F, Pagliara S, Moffa M, Fuso F, Allegrini M, Zussman E, Pisignano D. Local mechanical properties of electrospun fibers correlate to their internal nanostructure. Nano Lett 2013; 13:5056-62. [PMID: 24090350 PMCID: PMC3834296 DOI: 10.1021/nl4033439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The properties of polymeric nanofibers can be tailored and enhanced by properly managing the structure of the polymer molecules at the nanoscale. Although electrospun polymer fibers are increasingly exploited in many technological applications, their internal nanostructure, determining their improved physical properties, is still poorly investigated and understood. Here, we unravel the internal structure of electrospun functional nanofibers made by prototype conjugated polymers. The unique features of near-field optical measurements are exploited to investigate the nanoscale spatial variation of the polymer density, evidencing the presence of a dense internal core embedded in a less dense polymeric shell. Interestingly, nanoscale mapping the fiber Young's modulus demonstrates that the dense core is stiffer than the polymeric, less dense shell. These findings are rationalized by developing a theoretical model and simulations of the polymer molecular structural evolution during the electrospinning process. This model predicts that the stretching of the polymer network induces a contraction of the network toward the jet center with a local increase of the polymer density, as observed in the solid structure. The found complex internal structure opens an interesting perspective for improving and tailoring the molecular morphology and multifunctional electronic and optical properties of polymer fibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Camposeo
- National
Nanotechnology Laboratory of Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
- Center
for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies @UNILE, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Barsanti, I-73010 Arnesano, LE, Italy
- E-mail:
| | - Israel Greenfeld
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
- E-mail:
| | - Francesco Tantussi
- Dipartimento
di Fisica “Enrico Fermi” and CNISM, Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Istituto
Nazionale di Ottica INO−CNR, Sezione
di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Stefano Pagliara
- National
Nanotechnology Laboratory of Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
| | - Maria Moffa
- National
Nanotechnology Laboratory of Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
- Center
for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies @UNILE, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Barsanti, I-73010 Arnesano, LE, Italy
| | - Francesco Fuso
- Dipartimento
di Fisica “Enrico Fermi” and CNISM, Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Istituto
Nazionale di Ottica INO−CNR, Sezione
di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Maria Allegrini
- Dipartimento
di Fisica “Enrico Fermi” and CNISM, Università di Pisa, Largo Bruno Pontecorvo 3, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
- Istituto
Nazionale di Ottica INO−CNR, Sezione
di Pisa, I-56127 Pisa, Italy
| | - Eyal Zussman
- Department
of Mechanical Engineering, Technion - Israel
Institute of Technology, Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Dario Pisignano
- National
Nanotechnology Laboratory of Istituto Nanoscienze-CNR, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
- Center
for Biomolecular Nanotechnologies @UNILE, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Barsanti, I-73010 Arnesano, LE, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Matematica e Fisica “Ennio De Giorgi”, Università del Salento, via Arnesano, I-73100 Lecce, Italy
- E-mail:
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Menghetti S, Alderighi M, Galli G, Tantussi F, Morandini M, Fuso F, Allegrini M. All-optical pulsed writing in azobenzene copolymer films in the sub-millisecond regime. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2jm30596h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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Camposeo A, Cervelli F, Tantussi F, Lindholdt M, Fuso F, Allegrini M, Arimondo E. Atomic nanofabrication by laser manipulation of a neutral cesium beam. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2003.09.138] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Camposeo A, Cervelli F, Piombini A, Tantussi F, Fuso F, Allegrini M, Arimondo E. A laser-cooled atom beam for nanolithography applications. Materials Science and Engineering: C 2003. [DOI: 10.1016/s0928-4931(02)00270-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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