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Fatjó-Vilas M, Soler J, Ibáñez MI, Moya-Higueras J, Ortet G, Guardiola-Ripoll M, Fañanás L, Arias B. The effect of the AKT1 gene and cannabis use on cognitive performance in healthy subjects. J Psychopharmacol 2020; 34:990-998. [PMID: 32536252 DOI: 10.1177/0269881120928179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests that the AKT1 gene may modulate the degree to which cannabis use induces cognitive alterations in patients with a psychotic disorder. AIM To examine the interplay between AKT1 and cannabis use in terms of the cognitive performance of the general population. METHODS Our sample consisted of 389 Spanish university students. Sustained attention was measured via the Continuous Performance Test-Identical Pairs, immediate and delayed verbal memory with the Logical Memory subtest of the Wechsler Memory Scale, and working memory with the Wisconsin Card Sorting Test. Lifetime cannabis use frequency was assessed and individuals were classified as cannabis users or non-users. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms of the AKT1 gene were genotyped and, according to previous studies, each subject was defined as a carrier of two, one or no copies of the haplotype (rs2494732(C)-rs1130233(A)). Multiple linear regressions were conducted to test the effect of the genetic variability and cannabis use (and their interaction) on cognitive performance. RESULTS An effect of the AKT1 haplotype was found on attention scores: individuals with two copies of the haplotype performed better (β=0.18, p<0.001 (adjusted for false discovery rate)), while neither cannabis nor the AKT1-cannabis interaction was associated with attention. No effect of AKT1, cannabis or the AKT1-cannabis interaction was found on verbal memory or working memory. CONCLUSIONS Our study provides additional evidence that AKT1 modulates cognitive performance. However, in our non-clinical sample, the previously reported interaction between cannabis use and the AKT1 gene was not replicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Fatjó-Vilas
- FIDMAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Spain.,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - J Soler
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Spain
| | - M I Ibáñez
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I, Castelló, Spain
| | - J Moya-Higueras
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Social Work, University of Lleida, Lleida, Spain
| | - G Ortet
- Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, University Jaume I, Castelló, Spain
| | - M Guardiola-Ripoll
- FIDMAG Sisters Hospitallers Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain.,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - L Fañanás
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Spain.,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - B Arias
- Department of Evolutionary Biology, Ecology and Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain.,Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Spain.,Mental Health Networking Biomedical Research Centre (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Prats C, Arias B, Ortet G, Ibáñez MI, Moya J, Pomarol-Clotet E, Fañanás L, Fatjó-Vilas M. Neurotrophins role in depressive symptoms and executive function performance: Association analysis of NRN1 gene and its interaction with BDNF gene in a non-clinical sample. J Affect Disord 2017; 211:92-98. [PMID: 28107668 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2016.11.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2016] [Revised: 10/31/2016] [Accepted: 11/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neuritin-1 is a neurotrophic factor involved in synaptic plasticity that has been associated with depressive disorders, schizophrenia and cognitive performance. The study of genotype-phenotype relationships in healthy individuals is a useful framework to investigate the etiology of brain dysfunctions. We therefore aimed to investigate in a non-clinical sample whether NRN1 gene contributes to the psychopathological profile, with a particular focus on the clinical dimensions previously related to the NRN1 gene (i.e. depressive and psychotic). Furthermore, we aimed to analyze: i) the role of NRN1 on executive functions, ii) whether the association between either NRN1-psychopathological profile or NRN1-cognitive performance is moderated by the BDNF gene. METHODS The sample comprised 410 non-clinical subjects who filled in the self-reported Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and were assessed for executive performance (Verbal Fluency, Wisconsin Card Sorting Test (WCST) and Letter-Number subscale (WAIS-III)). Genotyping included nine SNPs in NRN1 and one in BDNF. RESULTS i) GG homozygotes (rs1475157-NRN1) showed higher scores on BSI depressive dimension and on total scores compared to A carriers (corrected p-values: 0.0004 and 0.0003, respectively). ii) a linear trend was detected between GG genotype of rs1475157 and a worse cognitive performance in WCST total correct responses (uncorrected p-value: 0.029). iii) Interaction between rs1475157-NRN1 and Val66Met-BDNF was found to modulate depressive symptoms (p=0.001, significant after correction). LIMITATIONS Moderate sample size; replication in a larger sample is needed. CONCLUSIONS NRN1 is associated with depressive symptoms and executive function in a non-clinical sample. Our results also suggest that the role of NRN1 seems to be modulated by BDNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Prats
- Departament Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation; Av Jordà 8, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - B Arias
- Departament Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation; Av Jordà 8, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - G Ortet
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain
| | - M I Ibáñez
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Universitat Jaume I, Castelló, Spain
| | - J Moya
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; Department of Psychology, Faculty of Education, Psychology and Social Work, University of Lleida, Spain
| | - E Pomarol-Clotet
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain
| | - L Fañanás
- Departament Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation; Av Jordà 8, 08035 Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Fatjó-Vilas
- Departament Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Spain, Institut de Biomedicina de la Universitat de Barcelona (IBUB), Spain; Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Salud Mental (CIBERSAM), Madrid, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation, Barcelona, Spain; FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries Research Foundation; Av Jordà 8, 08035 Barcelona, Spain.
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Alemany S, Moya J, Ibáñez MI, Villa H, Mezquita L, Ortet G, Gastó C, Fañanás L, Arias B. Research Letter: Childhood trauma and the rs1360780 SNP of FKBP5 gene in psychosis: a replication in two general population samples. Psychol Med 2016; 46:221-223. [PMID: 26399750 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291715001695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Alemany
- Department of Animal Biology,Faculty of Biology,Anthropology Unit,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain
| | - J Moya
- CIBER on Mental Health (CIBERSAM),Spain
| | | | - H Villa
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology,Faculty of Health Sciences,Universitat Jaume I,Castelló,Spain
| | - L Mezquita
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology,Faculty of Health Sciences,Universitat Jaume I,Castelló,Spain
| | - G Ortet
- CIBER on Mental Health (CIBERSAM),Spain
| | - C Gastó
- CIBER on Mental Health (CIBERSAM),Spain
| | - L Fañanás
- Department of Animal Biology,Faculty of Biology,Anthropology Unit,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain
| | - B Arias
- Department of Animal Biology,Faculty of Biology,Anthropology Unit,University of Barcelona,Barcelona,Spain
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Alemany S, Ayesa-Arriola R, Arias B, Fatjó-Vilas M, Ibáñez MI, Ortet G, Crespo-Facorro B, Fañanás L. Childhood abuse in the etiological continuum underlying psychosis from first-episode psychosis to psychotic experiences. Eur Psychiatry 2014; 30:38-42. [PMID: 25284334 DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.08.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2014] [Revised: 08/14/2014] [Accepted: 08/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
GOAL The present study aimed to examine the prevalence of child abuse across the continuum of psychosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS The sample consisted of 198 individuals divided in three groups: (1) 48 FEP patients, (2) 77 individuals scoring high in Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE), classified as "High CAPE" group and (3) 73 individuals scoring low, classified as "Low CAPE" group. Childhood abuse was assessed using self-report instruments. Chi(2) tests and logistic regression models controlling by sex, age and cannabis were used to perform three comparisons: (i) FEP vs. Low CAPE; (ii) FEP vs. High CAPE and (iii) High CAPE vs. Low CAPE. RESULTS The frequency of individuals exposed to childhood abuse for FEP, High CAPE and Low CAPE groups were 52.1%, 41.6% and 11%, respectively. FEP and High CAPE group presented significantly higher rates of childhood abuse compared to Low CAPE group, however, no significant differences were found between FEP and High CAPE groups regarding the frequency of childhood abuse. CONCLUSION There is an increasing frequency of childhood abuse from low subclinical psychosis to FEP patients. However, childhood abuse is equally common in FEP and at risk individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alemany
- Anthropology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona and Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain.
| | - R Ayesa-Arriola
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain; University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Avda. Valdecilla s/n, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - B Arias
- Anthropology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona and Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - M Fatjó-Vilas
- Anthropology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona and Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
| | - M I Ibáñez
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jaume I University, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - G Ortet
- Department of Basic and Clinical Psychology and Psychobiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jaume I University, 12071 Castelló, Spain
| | - B Crespo-Facorro
- Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain; University Hospital Marqués de Valdecilla, IDIVAL, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Cantabria, Avda. Valdecilla s/n, 39008 Santander, Spain
| | - L Fañanás
- Anthropology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona and Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Diagonal, 643, 08028, Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Doctor Esquerdo, 46, 28007, Madrid, Spain
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Mezquita L, Ibañez M, Villa H, Moya J, Viruela A, Ortet G. A 5-year prospective study on personality and the structure of psychopathological symptoms. Personality and Individual Differences 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2013.07.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Alemany S, Arias B, Fatjó-Vilas M, Villa H, Moya J, Ibáñez MI, Ortet G, Gastó C, Fañanás L. Psychosis-inducing effects of cannabis are related to both childhood abuse and COMT genotypes. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2014; 129:54-62. [PMID: 23445265 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/28/2013] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To test whether the association between childhood abuse, cannabis use and psychotic experiences (PEs) was moderated by the COMT (catechol-O-methyltransferase) gene. METHOD Psychotic experiences (PEs), childhood abuse, cannabis use and COMT Val158Met genotypes were assessed in 533 individuals from the general population. Data were analysed hierarchically by means of multiple linear regression models. RESULTS Childhood abuse showed a significant main effect on both positive (β = 0.09; SE = 0.04; P = 0.047) and negative PEs (β = 0.11; SE = 0.05; P = 0.038). A significant three-way interaction effect was found among childhood abuse, cannabis use and the COMT gene on positive PEs (β = -0.30; SE = 0.11; P = 0.006). This result suggests that COMT genotypes and cannabis use only influenced PE scores among individuals exposed to childhood abuse. Furthermore, exposure to childhood abuse and cannabis use increased PE scores in Val carriers. However, in individuals exposed to childhood abuse but who did not use cannabis, PEs increased as a function of the Met allele copies of the COMT gene. CONCLUSION Cannabis use after exposure to childhood abuse may have opposite effects on the risk of PEs, depending on the COMT genotypes providing evidence for a qualitative interaction. Val carriers exposed to childhood abuse are vulnerable to the psychosis-inducing effects of cannabis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Alemany
- Anthropology Unit, Department of Animal Biology, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Biomedicine Institute of the University of Barcelona (IBUB), Barcelona, Spain; Centre for Biomedical Research Network on Mental Health (CIBERSAM), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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Arias B, Aguilera M, Moya J, Sáiz PA, Villa H, Ibáñez MI, García-Portillo MP, Bobes J, Ortet G, Fañanás L. The role of genetic variability in the SLC6A4, BDNF and GABRA6 genes in anxiety-related traits. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2012; 125:194-202. [PMID: 21902679 DOI: 10.1111/j.1600-0447.2011.01764.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The aims of this study were to test the individual association of the serotonin transporter gene (SLC6A4), the brain-derived neurotrophic factor gene (BDNF) and the GABA(A) α(6) receptor subunit gene (GABRA6) with anxiety-related traits and to explore putative gene-gene interactions in a Spanish healthy sample. METHOD A sample of 937 individuals from the general population completed the Temperament and Character Inventory questionnaire to explore Harm Avoidance (HA) dimension; a subsample of 553 individuals also filled in the Big Five Questionnaire to explore the Neuroticism dimension. The whole sample was genotyped for the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (SLC6A4 gene), the Val66Met polymorphism (BDNF gene) and the T1521C polymorphism (GABRA6 gene). RESULTS Homozygous individuals for the T allele of the T1512C polymorphism presented slightly higher scores for HA than C allele carriers (F = 2.96, P = 0.019). In addition, there was a significant gene-gene interaction on HA between the 5-HTTLPR and Val66Met polymorphisms (F = 3.4, P = 0.009). CONCLUSION GABRA6 emerges as a candidate gene involved in the variability of HA. The effect of a significant gene-gene interaction between the SLC6A4 and BDNF genes on HA could explain part of the genetic basis underlying anxiety-related traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Arias
- Department of Animal Biology, Anthropology Section, Faculty of Biology, University of Barcelona, Spain
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Alemany S, Arias B, Aguilera M, Villa H, Moya J, Ibañez M, Vossen H, Gasto C, Ortet G, Fañanas L. Childhood Abuse and the BDNF-Val66Met Polymorphism: Evidence for Gene-Environment Interaction in the Development of Adult Psychosis-Like Experiences. Eur Psychiatry 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/s0924-9338(11)73086-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
IntroductionThe well-established relationship between childhood adversity and psychosis is likely to involve other factors such as genetic variants, which could help to understand why not everyone exposed to adverse events develops psychotic symptoms later in life (Van Winkel, et al. 2008; Simmons et al. 2009).AimsThe present study investigated the influence of childhood abuse and neglect on positive and negative psychosis-like experiences in adulthood and the potential moderating effect of the BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism.MethodPsychosis-like experiences and childhood adversity were assessed in 533 individuals from the general population.ResultsChildhood abuse showed a strong independent effect on the positive dimension of psychosis-like experiences (B = .16; SE = .05; p = .002). Furthermore, this association was moderated by the BDNF-Val66Met polymorphism (B = .17; SE = .09; p = .004).ConclusionsIndividuals exposed to childhood abuse are more likely to report positive psychosis-like experiences. Met carriers reported more positive psychosis-like experiences when exposed to childhood abuse than did individuals carrying the Val/Val genotype.Therefore, the observed gene-environment interaction effect may be partially responsible for individual variation in response to childhood abuse.
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Aguilera M, Arias B, Wichers M, Barrantes-Vidal N, Moya J, Villa H, van Os J, Ibáñez MI, Ruipérez MA, Ortet G, Fañanás L. Early adversity and 5-HTT/BDNF genes: new evidence of gene-environment interactions on depressive symptoms in a general population. Psychol Med 2009; 39:1425-1432. [PMID: 19215635 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291709005248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 189] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adverse childhood experiences have been described as one of the major environmental risk factors for depressive disorder. Similarly, the deleterious impact of early traumatic experiences on depression seems to be moderated by individual genetic variability. Serotonin transporter (5-HTT) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) modulate the effect of childhood adversity on adult depression, although inconsistencies across studies have been found. Moreover, the gene x environment (GxE) interaction concerning the different types of childhood adversity remains poorly understood. The aim of this study was to analyse the putative interaction between the 5-HTT gene (5-HTTLPR polymorphism), the BDNF gene (Val66Met polymorphism) and childhood adversity in accounting for adult depressive symptoms. METHOD A sample of 534 healthy individuals filled in self-report questionnaires of depressive symptomatology [the Symptom Check List 90 Revised (SCL-90-R)] and different types of childhood adversities [the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (CTQ)]. The 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (5-HTT gene) and the Val66Met polymorphism (BDNF gene) were genotyped in the whole sample. RESULTS Total childhood adversity (beta=0.27, p<0.001), childhood sexual abuse (CSA; beta=0.17, p<0.001), childhood emotional abuse (beta=0.27, p<0.001) and childhood emotional neglect (beta=0.22, p<0.001) had an impact on adult depressive symptoms. CSA had a greater impact on depressive symptoms in Met allele carriers of the BDNF gene than in the Val/Val group (F=5.87, p<0.0001), and in S carriers of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism (5-HTT gene) (F=5.80, p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS Childhood adversity per se predicted higher levels of adult depressive symptoms. In addition, BDNF Val66Met and 5-HTTLPR polymorphisms seemed to moderate the effect of CSA on adult depressive symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilera
- Unitat d'Antropologia, Departament Biologia Animal, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona and CIBER de Salud Mental, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Spain
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Aguilera M, Barrantes-Vidal N, Arias B, Moya J, Villa H, Ibáñez MI, Ruipérez MA, Ortet G, Fañanás L. Putative role of the COMT gene polymorphism (Val158Met) on verbal working memory functioning in a healthy population. Am J Med Genet B Neuropsychiatr Genet 2008; 147B:898-902. [PMID: 18213617 DOI: 10.1002/ajmg.b.30705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Working memory has been described as a neurocognitive probe of prefrontal brain functioning. Genetic variability related with catechol-O-methyltransferase (COMT) gene (Val158Met polymorphism) has received increasing attention as a possible modulator of working memory tasks in both schizophrenic patients and healthy subjects, although inconsistencies across studies have been found. This may be related to the existence of different working memory components, processes and modalities, which may have different sensitivities to subtle changes in dopamine levels and, therefore, the effect of the underlying COMT Val158Met genetic variability. To test this out a large sample of 521 healthy individuals from the general population were tested on the WCST and three working memory tasks that cover the assessment of verbal and spatial working modalities as well as different components and processes (Letter and Number Sequencing, CPT-IP, Backwards Visual Span). All individuals were genotyped for the rs4680 (Val158Met) polymorphism at the COMT gene. Met carriers showed near-significant better performance in the LNS compared with Val/Val individuals (F = 3.9, df = 1, P = 0.046). Moreover, the analysis for linear trend found that Met allele carriers showed significantly better performance than Val/Val individuals (B = 0.58 P = 0.031), although evidence for a linear trend was not found. None of the WCST indices differed among genotypes. Consistent with the hypothesis that Val158Met polymorphism (COMT gene) might account for individual differences on dopamine-dependent prefrontally related neurocognitive functions, the Letter-Number Sequencing task, which requires not only maintenance but also active manipulation of information seemed to be more sensitive to the disadvantageous Val/Val genotype in a large non-clinical sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Aguilera
- Unitat d'Antropologia, Departament de Biologia Animal, Facultat Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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Peris R, Gimeno MA, Pinazo D, Ortet G, Carrero V, Sanchiz M, Ibáñez I. Online chat rooms: virtual spaces of interaction for socially oriented people. Cyberpsychol Behav 2002; 5:43-51. [PMID: 11990974 DOI: 10.1089/109493102753685872] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
The internet has opened a new social space for communication. The present work studies interpersonal relationships in cyberspace using the chat channel as an interaction medium. Data obtained have outlined the sociodemographic and personality profile of internet users who engage in online chats as well as group self-perception, chatters' use habits, motivations to interact online, and the chatters' network of virtual and face-to-face relationships. Results suggests that relationships developed online are healthy and a complement to face-to-face relationships. These data are confirmed by personality studies. The theoretical and methodological implications of data are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Peris
- Department of Psychology, Jaume I University of Castellon, Spain.
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