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[Absence of the musculocutaneous nerve and its distribution from median nerve: About two cases and literature review]. Morphologie 2011; 95:146-150. [PMID: 22079600 DOI: 10.1016/j.morpho.2011.10.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Musculocutaneous nerve arises mostly from the lateral cord of brachial plexus. Nevertheless, variations have been reported and, among them: the total absence of musculocutaneous nerve (from 1.4 to 15%), the absence of its passage through the coracobrachial muscle, its variable level of penetration as measured from the tip of the coracoid process, and its communicating branches with the median nerve. We report two cases of unilateral musculocutaneous nerve absence in a 66-year-old male and a 95-year-old female cadavers, on the right and the left side, respectively. The nerve fibers normally coming from musculocutaneous nerve emerged from the median nerve. The knowledge of this anatomical variation is important specially when performing plexus bloc or Latarjet's procedure.
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[Necrotizing fasciitis and cellulitis of the upper limb resulting from centipede bite: two case reports]. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 28:322-5. [PMID: 19574077 DOI: 10.1016/j.main.2009.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2008] [Revised: 03/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/21/2009] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Centipede bites occurring in tropical countries are rare, however vigilance must be exercised during activities in the open air and dwellings should be checked in the event of rain. The bite is very painful and can be accompanied by generalised signs. An initial wound disinfection and a check of antitetanus vaccination status is all that is usually needed to ensure an uneventful outcome. There are however, rare cases where local toxicity and a bacterial super-infection, often with Gram+ cocci, can lead to a cellulitis or even necrotizing fasciitis of the hand. The diagnosis of a centipede bite can be made by the double marks made by the fangs. Wound debridement and antibiotics led to a good outcome in both our cases.
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Thigh compartment syndrome after intramedullary femoral nailing: possible femoral nerve block influence on diagnosis timing. Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2009; 95:309-13. [PMID: 19501560 DOI: 10.1016/j.otsr.2009.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2008] [Accepted: 03/03/2009] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
We report a case of anterior thigh compartment syndrome (TCS), which occurred after a closed femoral fracture internal fixation using an intramedullary rod. A 20 ml ropivacaine hydrochloride single-injection femoral block had preceded general anaesthesia to conduct the surgical procedure. The compartment syndrome diagnosis was made the morning after surgery when the level of pain was interpreted as disproportionate to the treated lesion; in addition, compartment pressure measure had increased to 54 mmHg. A compartment fasciotomy was performed. Diagnostic delays have previously been observed and attributed to nerve blocks in cases of tibial fracture. This patient's report raises the question of whether a femoral block may be responsible for delays in diagnosing compartment syndrome, although no series have been published of such occurrences in large numbers. When nerve blocks are used, they should be more analgesic than anaesthetic. Careful patient monitoring remains important.
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Abstract
Liposuction is a minimally invasive surgical technique, occasionally used to minimize the risk of devastating soft tissue necrosis following extravasation of noxious substances. Anaesthetists and intensive care physicians frequently use agents that may cause serious tissue injury if extravasated. Therefore, knowledge on how to manage this complication is important. We present two cases of percutaneous extravasation of noxious agents in intensive care patients and discuss their subsequent management.
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Réunion de neuroanesthésie-réanimation. Prise en charge anesthésique du patient en hypertension intracrânienne aiguë. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2005; 24:492-501. [PMID: 15885971 DOI: 10.1016/j.annfar.2005.03.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Transcranial Doppler and, if possible, measurement of intracranial pressure (ICP) allow preoperative diagnosis of acute intracranial hypertension (ICH) after brain trauma. The main goal of the anaesthesiologist is to prevent the occurrence of secondary brain injuries and to avoid cerebral ischaemia. Treatment of high ICP is mainly achieved with osmotherapy. High-dose mannitol administration (1.4 to 2 g/kg given in bolus doses) may be considered a better option than conventional doses, especially before emergency evacuation of a cerebral mass lesion. Hypertonic saline seems as effective as mannitol without rebound effect and without diuresis increase. Haemostasis should be normalized before neurosurgery and invasive blood pressure monitoring is mandatory. For anaesthesia induction, thiopental or etomidate may be used. In case of ICH, halogenated and nitrous oxide should be avoided. Until the dura is open, mean arterial pressure should be maintained around 90 mmHg (or cerebral perfusion pressure around 70 mmHg). If a long-lasting (several hours) extracranial surgery is necessary, ICP should be monitored and treatment of ICH should have been instituted before.
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MESH Headings
- Acute Disease
- Anesthesia, General/methods
- Blood Pressure
- Brain Injuries/complications
- Brain Injuries/surgery
- Brain Ischemia/etiology
- Brain Ischemia/prevention & control
- Case Management
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Comorbidity
- Contraindications
- Diuretics, Osmotic/administration & dosage
- Diuretics, Osmotic/therapeutic use
- Etomidate
- Humans
- Hyperventilation
- Intracranial Hypertension/complications
- Intracranial Hypertension/diagnostic imaging
- Intracranial Hypertension/drug therapy
- Intracranial Hypertension/surgery
- Jugular Veins
- Mannitol/administration & dosage
- Mannitol/therapeutic use
- Monitoring, Intraoperative
- Monitoring, Physiologic
- Nitrous Oxide
- Oxygen/blood
- Preoperative Care
- Saline Solution, Hypertonic/administration & dosage
- Saline Solution, Hypertonic/therapeutic use
- Thiopental
- Tomography, X-Ray Computed
- Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial
- Wounds and Injuries/surgery
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Inhibition of leukotriene B4-induced CD11B/CD18 (Mac-1) expression by BIIL 284, a new long acting LTB4 receptor antagonist, in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann Rheum Dis 2004; 63:170-6. [PMID: 14722206 PMCID: PMC1754875 DOI: 10.1136/ard.2002.004499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Leukotriene B4 (LTB(4)) has a key role in the pathophysiology of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). OBJECTIVE To investigate the inhibition of ex vivo LTB(4)-induced Mac-1 (CD11b/CD18) expression in leucocytes of patients with RA by the new oral LTB(4) receptor antagonist BIIL 284. METHODS The pharmacokinetics and inhibition of LTB(4)-induced Mac-1 expression of BIIL 284 were characterised in 26 adult patients with RA who were treated with BIIL 284 25 mg, 150 mg, or placebo given once a day for 14 days according to a double blind, randomised, parallel group design. RESULTS T(max) of BIIL 315 in plasma (main metabolite and active principle of BIIL 284 in plasma) was achieved about four hours after drug administration, and C(max,ss) and AUC(0-6h,ss) increased in proportion to the dosage. 100% inhibition of LTB(4)-induced MAC-1 expression was reached after two hours (150 mg) or four hours (25 mg), showing a statistically significant difference in comparison with placebo (p<0.005). A longlasting dynamic effect was seen consistently even when plasma concentrations declined to very low values 24 hours after administration. Secondary clinical efficacy end points remained unchanged probably owing to the short duration of treatment. Adverse events (AEs) were reported in 12 patients during the study. No serious AEs or laboratory AEs were seen. CONCLUSIONS Both the 25 mg and 150 mg doses of BIIL 284 safely and effectively inhibit Mac-1 expression on neutrophils; thus longer treatment with BIIL 284 may result in clinical benefit for patients with RA.
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Adult presentation of MCAD deficiency revealed by coma and severe arrythmias. Intensive Care Med 2003; 29:1594-7. [PMID: 12897989 DOI: 10.1007/s00134-003-1871-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2003] [Accepted: 05/23/2003] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
We report the case of a 33-year-old man who presented with headaches and vomiting. Soon after admission he became drowsy and agitated, developed ventricular tachycardia and his neurological state worsened (Glasgow coma score 6). Blood analysis showed respiratory alkalosis, hyperlactacidemia (8 mmol/l), hyperammonemia (390 micro mol/l) and hypoglycaemia (2.4 mmol/l). Subsequently, he developed supraventricular tachycardia, ventricular tachycardia and ultimately ventricular fibrillation resulting in cardiac arrest, which was successfully treated. A CT scan of the head revealed cerebral oedema. Whilst in the intensive care unit, he developed renal failure and rhabdomyolysis. The metabolic abnormalities seen at the time of admission normalised within 48 h with IV glucose infusion. Biological investigations, including urinary organic acids and plasma acylcarnitines, showed results compatible with MCAD deficiency. Mutation analysis revealed the patient was homozygous for the classical mutation A985G. This is one of only a few reports of severe cardiac arrhythmia in an adult due to MCAD deficiency. This condition is probably under-diagnosed in adult patients with acute neurological and/or cardiac presentations.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS ISIS-2302, an antisense oligonucleotide directed against intercellular adhesion molecule 1, was effective in steroid refractory Crohn's disease in a pilot trial. The aim of this study was to investigate safety and efficacy of ISIS-2302 in chronic active Crohn's disease (CACD). METHODS A dose-interval, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial was conducted in 75 patients with steroid-refractory CACD (Crohn's Disease Activity Index [CDAI], 200-400). The primary endpoint was steroid-free remission (CDAI <150) at week 14. RESULTS Only 2 of 60 (3.3%) ISIS-2302-treated and no placebo patients reached the primary endpoint. Steroid-free remission at week 26 (secondary endpoint) was reached in 8 of 60 (13.3%) active treatment and 1 of 15 (6.7%) placebo patients. A greater proportion of ISIS-2302-treated than placebo patients achieved a steroid dose <10 mg/day at weeks 14 and 26 (48.3% vs. 33.3% and 55.0% vs. 40.0%, respectively, and a glucocorticoid dose of 0 mg [prednisone equivalent] at week 26 [23.3% vs. 6.7%, respectively]). Treatment with ISIS-2302 was safe. The most common side effects were injection site reactions in the active treatment group (23% in ISIS-2302-treated patients vs. none in placebo patients). No statistically significant differences in the frequency of side effects were detected between dose groups. CONCLUSIONS The trial did not prove clinical efficacy of ISIS-2302 based on the primary endpoint. Positive trends were observed in some of the secondary endpoints.
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Isolated limb perfusion with tumour necrosis factor-alpha and melphalan with or without interferon-gamma for the treatment of in-transit melanoma metastases: a multicentre randomized phase II study. Melanoma Res 1999; 9:491-502. [PMID: 10596916 DOI: 10.1097/00008390-199910000-00009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 121] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
This open, multicentre, randomized phase II trial was conducted to determine the effect of isolated limb perfusion (ILP) with tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) in combination with melphalan with or without interferon-gamma (IFNgamma) in patients with in-transit metastases of melanoma of the limbs (MD Anderson stage IIIA or IIIAB, AJCC stage III). The 64 patients included were randomized to receive either a two- drug regimen consisting of TNFalpha and melphalan (TM-ILP) or a three-drug regimen consisting of TNFalpha, melphalan and INFgamma (TIM-ILP). Patients randomized to receive IFNgamma were pretreated for 2 days before the ILP with once daily 0.2 mg IFNgamma subcutaneously and also received the same amount of IFNgamma during ILP. A total of 47 complete responses (73%) were reported, 22 (69%) of which occurred in the TM-ILP group and 25 (78%) in the TIM-ILP group; the difference was not significant. The 14 partial responses (22%) were split evenly between the treatment groups. In the TM-ILP group, two cases of stable disease and one case of progressive disease were reported. The overall response rate (complete plus partial responses) was 100% in the TIM-ILP group and 91% in the TM-ILP group, yielding an overall response of 95% for this study. In the historical control data, where 103 patients had received melphalan alone (M-ILP), there were 54 records of complete responses (52%) and 80 of complete or partial responses (78%). The median survival time estimated by the Kaplan-Meier method was 819 days for the TM-ILP group, > 705 days for the TIM-ILP group and 873 days for the combined study population; estimates for time to local progression or recurrence were 327 days, in excess of 498 days and 405 days, respectively. The corresponding figure for the historical controls was 338 days. These data suggest that TNFalpha associated with melphalan may be superior to melphalan alone for ILP.
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Abstract
"We propose a model to capture the escape from the Malthusian trap in the longrun. Our aim is to emphasize the key role of endogenous technological progress--as initiated by population growth and education--for longrun economic development. In addition we stress the importance to consider the level of fertility and mortality as the determinants of economic development and not only the rate of population growth. In particular, we may observe different economic growth rates in countries with the same rate of population growth, but differing levels of birth and death rates."
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Abstract
The age-associated chronic thymus involution is interpreted to occur due to cytolytic depletion of thymic stromal tissue whose cells present altered self-peptides. Using simplified assumptions and based on morphometric data on thymic involution in man, the chance for a single protein to be altered is estimated to be in the range of 2-4 x 10(-6) per year. The corresponding mutation rate is compatible with that derived from both evolutionary and direct studies, thus supporting the proposed model.
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Problemen und chancen demographischer Entwicklung in der dritten Welt. POPULATION 1991. [DOI: 10.2307/1533470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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14
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Population growth, farmland, and the long-run standard of living. JOURNAL OF POPULATION ECONOMICS 1991; 4:37-51. [PMID: 12316770 DOI: 10.1007/bf00160367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
"This paper studies the natural-resources element in the theory of population growth over the very long run. In the context of the stock of land and Malthusian crises in earlier times, the model shows how resources have become more available rather than more scarce, even as population and income have increased. The paper sketches a mechanism which added to the Malthusian system, leads to entirely different conclusions than does the Malthusian system.... That is, population growth creates new problems which in the short run constitute additional burdens which, in the longer run, lead to new developments that leave people better off than if the problems had never arisen." This is a revised version of a paper originally presented at the 1989 Annual Meeting of the Population Association of America (see Population Index, Vol. 55, No. 3, Fall 1989, p. 382).
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Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung der Realstruktur von O?LaTa3O9, M?CeTa3O9 und M2?PrTa3O9 - Nachweis einer neuen M1?CeTa3O9-Modifikation. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19905880111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Tribochemische und thermische Umwandlungen von LnTa3O9 (Ln = Pr, Nd) - r�ntgenographische und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1990. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19905820109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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17
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Elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchung in Hochaufl�sung an La3TaO5(OH)Cl3 und Pr3TaO4Cl6 - Vergleich mit der rechnerischen Simulation. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1989. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19895730112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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18
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Zur Darstellung und Struktur von M1?LnTa3O9 (Ln = Pr, Nd) R�ntgenographische und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19885650107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Population growth and economic development in the very long run: a simulation model of three revolutions. MATHEMATICAL SOCIAL SCIENCES 1988; 16:49-63. [PMID: 12315554 DOI: 10.1016/0165-4896(88)90004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The authors propose an economic model capable of simulating the 4 main historical stages of civilization: hunting, agricultural, industrial, and postindustrial. An output-maximizing society to respond to changes in factor endowments by switching technologies. Changes in factor proportions arise through population growth and capital accumulation. A slow rate of exogenous technical process is assumed. The model synthesizes Malthusian and Boserupian notions of the effect of population growth on per capita output. Initially the capital-diluting effect of population growth dominates. As population density increases, however, and a threshold is reached, the Boserupian effect becomes crucial, and a technological revolution occurs. The cycle is thereafter repeated. After the second economic revolution, however, the Malthusian constraint dissolves permanently, as population growth can continue without being constrained by diminishing returns to labor. By synthesizing Malthusian and Boserupian notions, the model is able to capture the salient features of economic development in the very long run.
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Zur Darstellung und Struktur von M1?LnTa3O9 (Ln = Pr, Nd) = r�ntgenographische und elektronenmikroskopische Untersuchungen. Z Anorg Allg Chem 1988. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19885590125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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21
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[Population trends in the Federal Republic of Germany and their effects on the economy and society]. OSTERREICHISCHE ZEITSCHRIFT FUR STATISTIK UND INFORMATIK 1988; 18:306-26. [PMID: 12317234] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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22
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On the optimum theoretical rate of population growth. JAHRBUCHER FUR NATIONALOKONOMIE UND STATISTIK 1985; 200:508-531. [PMID: 12280447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
"The paper seeks intuitively-satisfying models of optimum population growth. The authors build upon Phelps's model of endogenous technical progress plus the Steinmann-Simon extension, which imply that the per-person consumption growth rate depends positively and linearly upon the population growth rate, without bound.... They suggest that the consumption rate ultimately turns downwards as population growth increases because of decreasing adoption of available technology as labor cheapens relative to capital, and as high population growth overtaxes people's will and ability to respond. Including a convex-downward function in the model yields sensible results." (summary in GER)
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The economic implications of learning-by-doing for population size and growth. EUROPEAN ECONOMIC REVIEW 1984; 26:167-185. [PMID: 12267085 DOI: 10.1016/0014-2921(84)90028-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
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Malignant lymphoma of plasmacytoid T-cells. Morphologic and immunologic studies characterizing a special type of T-cell. Am J Surg Pathol 1983; 7:849-62. [PMID: 6606989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
In 1958, a medium-sized cell was recognized in human lymph nodes and found to occur in clusters in about one out of every 10 cases of reactive hyperplasia. At first, it was interpreted as a lymphoblast. Later, electron-microscopic investigations revealed that the cell contained abundant rough endoplasmic reticulum and was apparently restricted to T-regions of lymph nodes. Recently, it was possible to analyze a malignant lymphoma uniformly composed of such cells with a panel of monoclonal antibodies. The cells proved to be Leu-1+, OKT4+, Leu-3a+, HLA-DR+, and weakly reactive with VIL-A1 (antibody to common ALL antigen) and clone F8-11-13, but negative for OKT3, OKT11, OKT8, cytoplasmic immunoglobulin, common B-cell antigen, and C3b receptors. Short-term, in vitro cultures of lymphoma cells showed weak responses to phytohemagglutinin and Interleukin 2 (IL2), but no IL2 production. Lymphoma cells had a low spontaneous proliferation rate (about 2% Ki-67+ cells). In view of these findings, the term "plasma-cytoid T-cell" is proposed. A functional relationship between these cells and the myeloid system was suggested because the patient developed a myelomonocytic leukemia 3 months after the diagnosis of malignant lymphoma was made.
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Abstract
Interleukin 2, a lymphokine that acts as a second signal of cellular immune response by way of its action as a T-cell growth factor, was morphologically identified by immunoperoxidase staining. With the use of a monoclonal antibody to interleukin 2 and several complex-forming antisera, the lymphokine was readily distinguished in cytocentrifuge preparations of peripheral blood leukocytes stimulated with a T-cell mitogen. When preparations of cloned interleukin 2 producer and responder cells were stained by the same procedures, discrete patterns of both responder and producer cell phenotypes were revealed. Interleukin 2 producer T cells exhibited a characteristic intense, ringlike cytoplasmic staining, whereas the responder cells (as exemplified by interleukin 2-dependent cell lines) exhibited a less intensive, spotlike membrane staining. In addition, intense membrane localization of interleukin 2, reminiscent of potential capping phenomena, could be observed in stained preparations of cloned responder cells.
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[Demonstration of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase in histological sections]. KLINISCHE PADIATRIE 1983; 195:230-3. [PMID: 6348396 DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1034074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) is a unique DNA-polymerase which is restricted to a few organs (thymus, bone marrow and blood). Therefore, the enzyme is suited for the role of a tumor marker in all other organs. The immunohistological demonstration, hitherto, was mainly hampered by the lack of potent and specific antibodies and by the readiness of the enzyme to diffuse. Now, these problems are solved. The immunohistological demonstration of TdT can be used to classify acute leukemias and lymphoblastic non-Hodgkin-lymphomas of children and to early recognize relapse situations.
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Morphologic findings in lymph nodes after occlusion of their efferent lymphatic vessels and veins. J Transl Med 1982; 47:43-50. [PMID: 7087397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Cervical lymph nodes of rabbits were congested for 24 hours, 7 days, and 14 days by occlusion of the nodal veins, efferent lymphatics, or both. The lymph nodes were examined by histologic and morphometric methods, and the results were compared with findings in control nodes. The present study demonstrated that the vascular sinus transformation (VST), observed first in human lymph nodes, is reproducible experimentally. Complete occlusion of both the veins and lymphatics led to a marked increase in volume of the nodes and often to total necrosis of their parenchyma. Incomplete occlusion of the veins combined with complete occlusion of the lymphatics or complete occlusion of the lymphatics alone resulted in VST as early as 7 days after the operation. In the first stage of VST, proliferation of the subendothelial tissue accompanied by proliferation of blood capillaries was noted. The proliferation started from the capsular side of the marginal sinus and from the trabecular side of the intermediate sinuses. Subsequently, the sinuses transformed into a framework of channels resembling blood capillaries. Without occlusion of the efferent lymphatics, VST did not develop. Complete or incomplete occlusion of the veins combined with complete occlusion of the lymphatics resulted in a pronounced thickening of the capsule, sclerosis of the medullary sinuses, depletion of lymphocytes in the nodal parenchyma, and cavernous dilation of the medullary sinuses. After occlusion of the lymphatics alone these changes were less extensive. Occlusion of veins alone caused only moderate thickening of the capsule and slight sclerosis of nodal parenchyma, but no VST. Total necrosis of the parenchyma occurred only after combined complete occlusion of nodal veins and lymphatics.
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Structural and functional alterations of the aging human thymus. ADVANCES IN EXPERIMENTAL MEDICINE AND BIOLOGY 1982; 149:303-12. [PMID: 6816021 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4684-9066-4_42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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29
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Immuno-electron microscopic tracing of lactoferrin, a regulator of myelopoiesis, into a subpopulation of human peripheral blood monocytes. Br J Haematol 1982; 50:75-84. [PMID: 7034768 DOI: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.1982.tb01892.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Lactoferrin (LF), an iron binding glycoprotein present in the specific granules of mature granulocytes, is capable of suppressing the production of granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulatory factors (GM-CSF) by monocytes and macrophages in vitro and rebound myelopoiesis in vivo. By an immuno-electron microscopic technique (peroxidase-antiperoxidase procedure) in combination with a three-step fixation and detergent treatment of mononuclear blood cells pulsed with LF, intracellular localization of LF in a sub-population of human monocytes with a well-preserved subcellular morphology was demonstrated. LF was found in the monocytes after a 30 min pulse with concentrations of LF as low as 10(-14) M. Under the electron microscope, deposits of approximately 110 nm diameter appeared scattered in the area of the endoplasmic reticulum. Large numbers of smaller deposits (20-70 nm) were found in the euchromatin. The heterochromatin and other cytoplasmic organelles were free of LF. These results suggest that the euchromatin might be the functional site for LF inhibition of the production of GM-CSF by a subpopulation of human monocytes.
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T-cell growth factor (interleukin 2) and terminal transferase activity in human leukemias and lymphoblastic cell lines. BLUT 1981; 43:99-103. [PMID: 6942897 DOI: 10.1007/bf00320468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
Mononuclear blood cells from patients with different types of leukemia, and from controls as well as cells from established lymphoblastic cell lines were analyzed with respect to terminal transferase (TdT) activity and T-cell growth factor (TCGF; Interleukin 2, IL-2), to determine the significance of TCGF production and response as functional markers for human leukemias. The data obtained so far suggest that the aberrant proliferation and lack of maturation observed in these leukemias may be associated with or be the result of a break-down in cellular-mediated control of proliferation.
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Abstract
Lymphocytes of lymphocyte-rich pleural effusions and venous blood from 16 cancer patients, 7 patients with benign pleural effusions and blood from 23 normal blood donors, were examined for cytological features, rosette-forming capacity, immunofluorescent staining, and PHA-stimulated DNA synthesis. Total protein and immunoglobulin levels were also determined. Metastatic effusions revealed approximately 40% higher content of immunoglobulins G, A and M (P less than 0.002) as well as of total protein (P less than 0.005) than non-metastatic pleural effusions. However, the serum of the non-cancer patients contained approximately 50% higher level of Ig than in cancer patients (P less than 0.001). Whilst there was no significant difference in the relative T- or B-cell contents of pleural effusions between cancer and non-cancer patients (P greater than 0.05) spontaneous proliferation of lymphocytes was significantly increased (P greater than 0.01), which led to a lower PHA-stimulated transformation index in pleural effusions from cancer patients than in all other lymphocyte sources examined (P less than 0.001).
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32
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Ultrastructural demonstration of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT). Blood 1981; 57:368-71. [PMID: 7004538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Using an electronmicroscopic peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique in combination with a three-step fixation procedure according to Willingham, the ultrastructural site of terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase (TdT) could be shown in cells of a human lymphoblastic leukemia cell line (MOLT 4). TdT appeared in the cytoplasm of the cells associated with large membrane bound granules from 150 to 600 nm in diameter usually arranged in aggregates. TdT-positive spaces were completely segregated form the rest of the cytoplasm and seemed to be interconnected by a tubular system. No TdT was detected in the nuclei.
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33
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Population growth and Phelps' technical progress model: interpretation and generalization. RESEARCH IN POPULATION ECONOMICS 1981; 3:239-54. [PMID: 12265063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2023]
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34
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Abstract
Cytologic specimens of 23 patients suffering from histologically confirmed alveolar cell carcinoma (bronchiolo-alveolar carcinoma) were examined with respect to 47 objective and subjective criteria by two independent cytologists. The following characteristics were found: typical clustering of tumor cells (concretion = tightly packed cells, often finger-like packing or rosette-formation), hyperchromasia of the nucleus, size of tumor cells like or larger than alveolar macrophages, narrow ranges of nucleus-cytoplasm ratios (mean: 0.675; SD: 0.100) despite polymorphism of tumor cells, folding of the nuclear membrane, and signs of phagocytic activity (vacuolation, excentric position of the nucleus, erythrophagocytosis). A factor analysis of the results of examinations revealed six underlying factors of diagnosis. These factors are considered to be especially important for the validity of the diagnosis of a alveolar cell carcinoma and the occurrence of misinterpretations: yield of tumor cells in the specimen, type of clustering of the tumor cells degree of preservation, qualitative attributes of the nucleus, qualitative attributes of the cytoplasm, and quantitative measurements of the size of tumor cells.
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35
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36
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[New aspects of cytological diagnosis and clinical picture of bronchiolo-alveolar cell carcinoma (author's transl)]. PRAXIS UND KLINIK DER PNEUMOLOGIE 1979; 33:1054-9. [PMID: 231778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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37
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Effect of methods of sample taking on the cytologic diagnosis of lung tumors. Acta Cytol 1978; 22:425-30. [PMID: 281853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
By the evaluation of unselected cytologic specimens taken by different methods, the possible effect of sampling on the cytologic diagnosis was analyzed. A statistically significant tendency was established for certain tumors to be better diagnosed by certain methods of sampling. In order of the increasing radicality of the method, the following significant coincidences were found and discussed: Sputum for the diagnosis of bronchialalveolar cell carcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma (cornified cells); Bronchial washing for oatcell (undifferentiated) carcinoma and epidermoid carcinoma (moderately cornified cells); Bronchial brushing for epidermoid carcinoma (not cornified cells) and large cell (undifferentiated) carcinoma; Transthoracal needle aspiration for polymorphic carcinoma and metastasis; and Pleural effusion for the diagnosis of metastasis, bronchogenic adenocarcinoma and mesothelioma. If the clinical features indicate a certain tumor type, the data give evidence that it is advantageous to adjust the method of sample taking to the expected tumor type as far as possible. In the case of necessary re-examinations, transthoracic needle aspiration and bronchial brushing should especially be used, in addition to the self-evident examination of material produced spontaneously, i.e., sputum and pleural effusion, because of the relatively high expected value of these methods for positive diagnoses in re-examinations.
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[Aspects of improvement for usage of methods in cytological diagnosis of lung tumor (author's transl)]. PRAXIS UND KLINIK DER PNEUMOLOGIE 1978; 32:238-43. [PMID: 643795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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40
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41
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Zur Phylogenie der Dinosaurier. Mol Genet Genomics 1910. [DOI: 10.1007/bf02047717] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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42
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Zur Phylogenie derBelemnoidea. Mol Genet Genomics 1910. [DOI: 10.1007/bf01729983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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