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López-Isac E, Martín JE, Assassi S, Simeón CP, Carreira P, Ortego-Centeno N, Freire M, Beltrán E, Narváez J, Alegre-Sancho JJ, Fernández-Gutiérrez B, Balsa A, Ortiz AM, González-Gay MA, Beretta L, Santaniello A, Bellocchi C, Lunardi C, Moroncini G, Gabrielli A, Witte T, Hunzelmann N, Distler JHW, Riekemasten G, van der Helm-van Mil AH, de Vries-Bouwstra J, Magro-Checa C, Voskuyl AE, Vonk MC, Molberg Ø, Merriman T, Hesselstrand R, Nordin A, Padyukov L, Herrick A, Eyre S, Koeleman BPC, Denton CP, Fonseca C, Radstake TRDJ, Worthington J, Mayes MD, Martín J. Brief Report: IRF4 Newly Identified as a Common Susceptibility Locus for Systemic Sclerosis and Rheumatoid Arthritis in a Cross-Disease Meta-Analysis of Genome-Wide Association Studies. Arthritis Rheumatol 2017; 68:2338-44. [PMID: 27111665 DOI: 10.1002/art.39730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Systemic sclerosis (SSc) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are autoimmune diseases that have similar clinical and immunologic characteristics. To date, several shared SSc-RA genetic loci have been identified independently. The aim of the current study was to systematically search for new common SSc-RA loci through an interdisease meta-genome-wide association (meta-GWAS) strategy. METHODS The study was designed as a meta-analysis combining GWAS data sets of patients with SSc and patients with RA, using a strategy that allowed identification of loci with both same-direction and opposite-direction allelic effects. The top single-nucleotide polymorphisms were followed up in independent SSc and RA case-control cohorts. This allowed an increase in the sample size to a total of 8,830 patients with SSc, 16,870 patients with RA, and 43,393 healthy controls. RESULTS This cross-disease meta-analysis of the GWAS data sets identified several loci with nominal association signals (P < 5 × 10(-6) ) that also showed evidence of association in the disease-specific GWAS scans. These loci included several genomic regions not previously reported as shared loci, as well as several risk factors that were previously found to be associated with both diseases. Follow-up analyses of the putatively new SSc-RA loci identified IRF4 as a shared risk factor for these 2 diseases (Pcombined = 3.29 × 10(-12) ). Analysis of the biologic relevance of the known SSc-RA shared loci identified the type I interferon and interleukin-12 signaling pathways as the main common etiologic factors. CONCLUSION This study identified a novel shared locus, IRF4, for the risk of SSc and RA, and highlighted the usefulness of a cross-disease GWAS meta-analysis strategy in the identification of common risk loci.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena López-Isac
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra CSIC, Granada, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mayka Freire
- Complexo Hospitalario Universitario de Vigo, Vigo, Spain
| | - Emma Beltrán
- Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain
| | | | | | | | | | - Alejandro Balsa
- Hospital Universitario La Paz, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Paz, Madrid, Spain
| | - Ana M Ortiz
- Hospital Universitario La Princesa, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria La Princesa, Madrid, Spain
| | | | - Lorenzo Beretta
- Referral Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Alessandro Santaniello
- Referral Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | - Chiara Bellocchi
- Referral Center for Systemic Autoimmune Diseases, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico di Milano, Milan, Italy
| | | | | | - Armando Gabrielli
- Università Politecnica delle Marche and Ospedali Riuniti, Ancona, Italy
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Madelon C Vonk
- Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Øyvind Molberg
- Oslo University Hospital Rikshospitalet and Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | | | | | - Annika Nordin
- Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Leonid Padyukov
- Karolinska University Hospital, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Ariane Herrick
- University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | - Steve Eyre
- University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Christopher P Denton
- Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK
| | - Carmen Fonseca
- Centre for Rheumatology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, London, UK
| | - Timothy R D J Radstake
- University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Members of the Spanish Scleroderma Group are shown in Appendix A
| | - Jane Worthington
- University of Manchester, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, Manchester, UK
| | | | - Javier Martín
- Institute of Parasitology and Biomedicine López-Neyra CSIC, Granada, Spain
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