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Abstract 854: Human tissue Kallikrein 6 enzyme activity regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colon cancer. Cancer Res 2017. [DOI: 10.1158/1538-7445.am2017-854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Background: Kallikrein-related peptidase 6 (KLK6) belongs to the family of human tissue kallikrein genes, majority of which are shown to be differentially expressed in cancers. Clinical studies have demonstrated that upregulation of KLK6 in primary colorectal tumors and lymph nodes correlates with serosal invasion, liver metastasis and indicative of poor prognosis in patients. It has been reported that KLK6 protein is involved in regulation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) program in an organ-specific context. The aim in this study was to investigate contribution of KLK6 enzyme in the EMT during neoplastic transformation in the colon.
Results: We expressed enzymatically active or inactive KLK6, using pcDNA3.1(+)preproKLK6 and pcDNA3.1(+)preproKLK6 Ser197Ala mutant plasmids, in Caco-2 colon cancer cell line, which has been characterized before as a very low KLK6 expresser with an undetectable secreted KLK6. Stable isogenic clones were selected and further evaluated for their ability to migrate and invade using in vitro assays and to metastasize in vivo using SCID orthotopic mouse model. We found no effect of KLK6 enzyme activity on migration of Caco-2 cells, expressing the empty vector (Caco-2 mock), and Caco-2 cells, expressing an enzymatically active KLK6 (Caco-2 KLK6 wt) or inactive KLK6 (Caco-2 KLK6 mut). But Caco-2 KLK6 wt cells demonstrated the invasive phenotype in Matrigel invasion assays (p<0.001, compared to Caco-2 mock and Caco2 KLK6 mut cells). The Caco-2 mock and Caco-2 KLK6 mut cells, injected in SCID mice orthotopically, developed primary colon tumors but no metastatic lesions were identified. In contrast, Caco-2 KLK6 wt cells formed primary colon tumors and metastasized locally, although they failed to form the distant metastasis (lung and mesentery). Animals, growing the Caco-2 KLK6 wt tumors, displayed a significant decrease in their survival rates, compared to other groups (p=0.02). In Caco-2 KLK6 wt cells TGF-β protein expression and secretion was induced, which resulted in activation of TGF-β-SMAD2/3 signaling pathway. This phenotype was associated with the elevated expression of known regulator of the EMT, zinc-finger protein Snail. In addition, the expression of a high-mobility group AT-hook 2 (HMGA2) protein was induced in Caco-2 KLK6 wt cells. The HMGA2 expression is implicated in the EMT program, acting through the TGF-β signaling pathway and is associated with a poor survival in colorectal cancer.
Conclusion. These findings demonstrate that KLK6 enzyme activity is required for colon cancer progression via induction of the EMT program. We identified the TGF-β- signaling pathway as a mechanism driving the EMT in colon cancer cells expressing KLK6 enzyme.
Citation Format: Hwudaurw Chen, Earlphia Sells, Haiyan Cui, Ritu Pandey, George Pampalakis, Georgia Sotiropoulou, Thomas Doetschman, Natalia A. Ignatenko. Human tissue Kallikrein 6 enzyme activity regulates epithelial-mesenchymal transition in colon cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2017; 2017 Apr 1-5; Washington, DC. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2017;77(13 Suppl):Abstract nr 854. doi:10.1158/1538-7445.AM2017-854
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Insights into the regulation of proteolytic pathways in skin differentiation. Br J Dermatol 2017; 176:1433-1434. [PMID: 28581238 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.15540] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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“Activography”: a novel, versatile and easily adaptable method for monitoring enzymatic activities in situ. Chem Commun (Camb) 2017; 53:3246-3248. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cc01081h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
We developed activography to map enzymatic activities on tissue sections using activity-based probes.
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478 KLK6 protease promotes tumor incidence and growth in skin. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.500] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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140 Combined targeting of skin proteolysis and inflammation as a therapeutic approach for Netherton syndrome. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.158] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Direct, electronic microRNA detection for the rapid determination of differential expression profiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2010; 48:8461-4. [PMID: 19810065 DOI: 10.1002/anie.200902577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Direct, Electronic MicroRNA Detection for the Rapid Determination of Differential Expression Profiles. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2009. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.200902577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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