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Multi-omics for studying and understanding polar life. Nat Commun 2023; 14:7451. [PMID: 37978186 PMCID: PMC10656552 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-43209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/02/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Polar ecosystems are experiencing amongst the most rapid rates of regional warming on Earth. Here, we discuss 'omics' approaches to investigate polar biodiversity, including the current state of the art, future perspectives and recommendations. We propose a community road map to generate and more fully exploit multi-omics data from polar organisms. These data are needed for the comprehensive evaluation of polar biodiversity and to reveal how life evolved and adapted to permanently cold environments with extreme seasonality. We argue that concerted action is required to mitigate the impact of warming on polar ecosystems via conservation efforts, to sustainably manage these unique habitats and their ecosystem services, and for the sustainable bioprospecting of novel genes and compounds for societal gain.
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Development and External Validation of a Multivariable Prediction Model to Identify Nondiabetic Hyperglycemia and Undiagnosed Type 2 Diabetes: Diabetes Risk Assessment in Dentistry Score (DDS). J Dent Res 2023; 102:170-177. [PMID: 36254392 PMCID: PMC9893389 DOI: 10.1177/00220345221129807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to develop and externally validate a score for use in dental settings to identify those at risk of undiagnosed nondiabetic hyperglycemia (NDH) or type 2 diabetes (T2D). The Studies of Health in Pomerania (SHIP) project comprises 2 representative population-based cohort studies conducted in northeast Germany. SHIP-TREND-0, 2008 to 2012 (the development data set) had 3,339 eligible participants, with 329 having undiagnosed NDH or T2D. Missing data were replaced using multiple imputation. Potential covariates were selected for inclusion in the model using backward elimination. Heuristic shrinkage was used to reduce overfitting, and the final model was adjusted for optimism. We report the full model and a simplified paper-based point-score system. External validation of the model and score employed an independent data set comprising 2,359 participants with 357 events. Predictive performance, discrimination, calibration, and clinical utility were assessed. The final model included age, sex, body mass index, smoking status, first-degree relative with diabetes, presence of a dental prosthesis, presence of mobile teeth, history of periodontal treatment, and probing pocket depths ≥5 mm as well as prespecified interaction terms. In SHIP-TREND-0, the model area under the curve (AUC) was 0.72 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.69, 0.75), calibration in the large was -0.025. The point score AUC was 0.69 (95% CI 0.65, 0.72), with sensitivity of 77.0 (95% CI 76.8, 77.2), specificity of 51.5 (95% CI 51.4, 51.7), negative predictive value of 94.5 (95% CI 94.5, 94.6), and positive predictive value of 17.0 (95% CI 17.0, 17.1). External validation of the point score gave an AUC of 0.69 (95% CI 0.66, 0.71), sensitivity of 79.2 (95% CI 79.0, 79.4), specificity of 49.9 (95% CI 49.8, 50.00), negative predictive value 91.5 (95% CI 91.5, 91.6), and positive predictive value of 25.9 (95% CI 25.8, 26.0). A validated prediction model involving dental variables can identify NDH or undiagnosed T2DM. Further studies are required to validate the model for different European populations.
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Telehealth Rehabilitation for the Management of Long Covid Symptoms. IRISH MEDICAL JOURNAL 2023; 115:677. [PMID: 36920416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023]
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Evaluating the effect of follow-up intensity on the outcomes for patients with intermediate risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer. EUR UROL SUPPL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(22)00906-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022] Open
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Lawson Criterion for Ignition Exceeded in an Inertial Fusion Experiment. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2022; 129:075001. [PMID: 36018710 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.129.075001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
For more than half a century, researchers around the world have been engaged in attempts to achieve fusion ignition as a proof of principle of various fusion concepts. Following the Lawson criterion, an ignited plasma is one where the fusion heating power is high enough to overcome all the physical processes that cool the fusion plasma, creating a positive thermodynamic feedback loop with rapidly increasing temperature. In inertially confined fusion, ignition is a state where the fusion plasma can begin "burn propagation" into surrounding cold fuel, enabling the possibility of high energy gain. While "scientific breakeven" (i.e., unity target gain) has not yet been achieved (here target gain is 0.72, 1.37 MJ of fusion for 1.92 MJ of laser energy), this Letter reports the first controlled fusion experiment, using laser indirect drive, on the National Ignition Facility to produce capsule gain (here 5.8) and reach ignition by nine different formulations of the Lawson criterion.
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Community-based rehabilitation after knee arthroplasty: A randomised controlled trial with economic evaluations (CORKA trial): ISRCTN: 13517704. Physiotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.physio.2021.10.223] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Analysing cause of death during follow up for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: Is there a role for watchful waiting? EUR UROL SUPPL 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s2666-1683(21)00172-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022] Open
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The impact of hydraulic retention time on the performance of two configurations of anaerobic pond for municipal sewage treatment. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2021; 43:1-14. [PMID: 34057403 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2021.1937331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Anaerobic ponds have the potential to contribute to low carbon wastewater treatment, however are currently restricted by long hydraulic residence time (HRT) which leads to large land requirements. A two-stage anaerobic pond (SAP) design was trialled against a single-stage control (CAP) over four HRTs down to 0.5 days, to determine the lowest HRT at which the ponds could operate effectively. No statistical differences were observed in particulate removal between the ponds over all four HRTs, suggesting solids loading is not a critical factor in AP design. Significantly higher biogas production rates were observed in the SAP than the CAP at 1.5 d and 1.0 d HRT, and microbial community profiling suggests the two-stage design may be facilitating spatial separation of the anaerobic digestion process along reactor length. Hydrogenotrophic methanogensis dominated over aceticlastic, with acetate oxidisation a likely degradation pathway. Experimental tracer studies were compared to CFD simulations, with the SAP showing greater hydraulic efficiency, and differences more pronounced at shorter HRTs. Greater flow recirculation between baffles was observed in CFD velocity profiles, demonstrating baffles can dissipate preferential flow patterns and increase effective pond volume, especially at high flow rates. The study demonstrates the potential of APs to be operated at shorter HRTs in psychrophilic conditions, presenting an opportunity for use as pre-treatments (in place of septic tanks) and primary treatment for full wastewater flows. Two-stage designs should be investigated to separate the stages of the anaerobic digestion process by creating preferential conditions along the pond length.
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Letter in response to: circulating von Willebrand factor and high molecular weight multimers as markers of endothelial injury predict COVID-19 in-hospital mortality. Angiogenesis 2021; 24:413-415. [PMID: 34101095 PMCID: PMC8186348 DOI: 10.1007/s10456-021-09790-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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SEROLOGICAL RESPONSES AFTER SARS‐COV‐2 VACCINATION FIRST DOSE IN PATIENTS WITH LYMPHOID MALIGNANCY: FIRST INTERIM ANALYSIS OF THE UK PROSECO STUDY. Hematol Oncol 2021. [PMCID: PMC8426672 DOI: 10.1002/hon.198_2880] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
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Abstract
Background:Hand osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, progressive disease, commonly affecting middle aged women. OA at the interphalangeal joints (IPJs) or the thumb base are considered different disease subsets (1). Few studies have investigated individual risk factors for IPJ OA progression (2). Prediction models can be used to calculate overall disease risk from multiple risk factors. This can guide prevention and treatment options.Objectives:Develop and internally validate a prediction model for IPJ OA progression.Methods:Data from the Chingford 1000 Women Study (Chingford Study), the largest population-based cohort worldwide assessing hand OA, was used. It is representative of the middle-aged female population in the United Kingdom (3). At baseline, 1,003 women aged 45 to 64 years’ old were recruited, and 693 measurements taken. Hand radiographs were taken at baseline and after ten years, read using the Kellgren-Lawrence (KL) atlas (inter-observer correlation: ≥0.7 (4)).For the current study, participants must have had OA (KL ≥2 in ≥1 IPJ) on baseline hand radiographs. Participants with KL 4 in all 16 IPJs at baseline were excluded. Risk factors from the Chingford Study at baseline were selected by biological plausibility, literature evidence (2), and hand surgeons‘ consensus (5): age (years), occupation (manual versus non manual), OA in ≥1 thumb base (KL ≥2 versus KL<2), body mass index (BMI) (kg/m2), family history of hand OA (yes versus no). The outcome was defined on an ordinal scale for the number of IPJs (up to >5 IPJs) with OA progression (increase by KL ≥1), at ten years’.The prediction model was developed using a penalized proportional odds logistic regression. Odds ratios (95% confidence intervals) were reported for each risk factor. The model was internally validated using 2,000 bootstrap iterations. Model performance was assessed for discrimination (C-statistic), and calibration (C-slope). 3.5% of data was missing, and complete case analysis was used.Results:699 women had baseline hand radiographs: 38 were unreadable, 459 had no IPJ OA. Seven participants had missing data (occupation: 5, BMI: 1, family history: 1) and were excluded. 195 participants were included this study. Median age at baseline was 59 (interquartile range: 8) years.181 (92.8%) participants had OA progression at 10 years (Figure 1). Thumb base OA (odds ratio: 1.32 (0.93 to 1.88)) was most strongly associated with IPJ OA progression (Table 1). C-statistic was 0.57, and calibration slope was 1.38 for the optimism-corrected model.Table 1.Odds ratios for risk factorsRisk factorOdds ratio (95% confidence interval)Age (years)1.02 (0.99 to 1.06)Occupation (manual versus non manual)0.88 (0.60 to 1.29)Thumb base OA (Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥2 versus <2)1.32 (0.93 to 1.88)Family history of hand OA (yes versus no)1.03 (0.72 to 1.45)Body mass index (kg/m2)1.04 (0.99 to 1.09)OA: OsteoarthritisConclusion:More stringent cut-offs for OA progression would be clinically useful. It was only weakly possible to predict which participants with IPJ OA would progress. This suggests that other risk factors, such as gender, ethnicity and genetics, may be predominant.Figure 1.Hand interphalangeal joints with osteoarthritis progression (Kellgren-Lawrence grade ≥1) at 10 years’ follow upReferences:[1]Kloppenburg M, et al. Research in hand osteoarthritis: time for reappraisal and demand for new strategies. Ann Rheum Dis. 2007;66(9):1157-61.[2]Shah K, et al. Risk factors for the progression of finger interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis: a systematic review. Rheumatol Int. 2020;40(11):1781-1792.[3]Hart DJ, Spector TD. The relationship of obesity, fat distribution and osteoarthritis in women in the general population: the Chingford Study. J Rheumatol. 1993;20:331-335.[4]Hart DJ, et al. Reliability and reproducibility of grading radiographs for osteoarthritis of the hand. Br J Rheum. 1993;32:S1.[5]Shah K, et al. Delphi consensus of risk factors for development and progression of finger interphalangeal joint osteoarthritis. J Hand Surg Eur Vol. 2019;44(10):1089-1090.Acknowledgements:We would like to thank all of the participants of The Chingford 1000 Women Study, Professor Tim Spector, Dr Deborah Hart, Dr Alan Hakim, Maxine Daniels, Alison Turner, James van Santen and Julie Damnjanovic for their time and dedication.Disclosure of Interests:Karishma Shah: None declared, Garrett Bullock: None declared, Alan Silman: None declared, Dominic Furniss: None declared, Nigel Arden Consultant of: Receives personal fees from Pfizer/Lily for consultancy outside the scope of this work, Grant/research support from: Receives grant from Merck outside the scope of this work, Gary Collins: None declared
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OP0280 TEMPORAL TRENDS OF OPIOID USE AMONG INCIDENT OSTEOARTHRITIS PATIENTS IN CATALONIA, 2007-2016: A POPULATION-BASED COHORT STUDY. Ann Rheum Dis 2020. [DOI: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.3070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
Abstract
Background:Opioids are not recommended as first-line treatments for chronic pain management in osteoarthritis (OA), but recent data suggest they are commonly used in routine practice in North America and northern Europe.Objectives:To characterise the secular trends of opioid and strong opioids use in patients with incident OA from 2007 to 2016, and to explore the impact of patient characteristics on the use of opioid/s for OA.Methods:Data was obtained from the SIDIAP (The System for the Development of Research in Primary Care) database, which contains primary care records and pharmacy dispensing data for 80 % of the population in Catalonia (~ 6 million people). All persons aged 18 or older at the beginning of each calendar year with an incident OA diagnosis (including both peripheral and central joints) in the study period were included. Index date was the date of first OA diagnosis, and the observation period of opioid use was 1-year after index date. Opioids considered included codeine, tramadol, fentanyl, and morphine, with the latter three classified as strong opioids. The period prevalence of any opioid use was estimated in whole and sub-population stratified by sex, age, socio-economic status (U1 – U5, higher values of the indicator equivalent to deprivation) and residence area (rural/urban).Results:The 1-year prevalence of any opioid use among incident OA patients was around 15% from 2007 to 2012. After that, this figure grew by 10% approaching 25% in 2016. However, strong opioid use increased continuously to nearly triple, from 8% in 2007 to 20% in 2016. The different subgroups followed similar trends over time, with women 4% higher than men, oldest 10% higher than youngest, most deprived 6% higher than least deprived, and rural 1% higher than urban.Conclusion:The use of opioids (and especially strong opioids) has substantially increased in recent years among newly diagnosed OA patients in Catalonia. Our findings call for urgent action for safe opioid prescribing to avoid opioid abuse in OA patients especially amongst older women living in deprived areas.Figure 1.Trends of 1-year prevalence of opioid/s use among incident OA patients, whole and subgroup population.Disclosure of Interests:Junqing Xie: None declared, Aleksandra Turkiewicz: None declared, Gary Collins: None declared, Martin Englund Consultant of: Advisory Board 1 day (2019) Pfizer (Tanezumab)., Victoria Y Strauss: None declared, Carlen Reyes: None declared, Daniel Prieto-Alhambra Grant/research support from: Professor Prieto-Alhambra has received research Grants from AMGEN, UCB Biopharma and Les Laboratoires Servier, Consultant of: DPA’s department has received fees for consultancy services from UCB Biopharma, Speakers bureau: DPA’s department has received fees for speaker and advisory board membership services from Amgen
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Having played sport while injured is associated with osteoarthritis, joint pain and worse health related quality of life. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Resilience is associated with greater health related quality of life and flourishing in former cricketers. J Sci Med Sport 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2019.08.217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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The PROCLIPI international registry of early-stage mycosis fungoides identifies substantial diagnostic delay in most patients. Br J Dermatol 2019; 181:350-357. [PMID: 30267549 DOI: 10.1111/bjd.17258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 112] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Survival in mycosis fungoides (MF) is varied and may be poor. The PROCLIPI (PROspective Cutaneous Lymphoma International Prognostic Index) study is a web-based data collection system for early-stage MF with legal data-sharing agreements permitting international collaboration in a rare cancer with complex pathology. Clinicopathological data must be 100% complete and in-built intelligence in the database system ensures accurate staging. OBJECTIVES To develop a prognostic index for MF. METHODS Predefined datasets for clinical, haematological, radiological, immunohistochemical, genotypic, treatment and quality of life are collected at first diagnosis of MF and annually to test against survival. Biobanked tissue samples are recorded within a Federated Biobank for translational studies. RESULTS In total, 430 patients were enrolled from 29 centres in 15 countries spanning five continents. Altogether, 348 were confirmed as having early-stage MF at central review. The majority had classical MF (81·6%) with a CD4 phenotype (88·2%). Folliculotropic MF was diagnosed in 17·8%. Most presented with stage I (IA: 49·4%; IB: 42·8%), but 7·8% presented with enlarged lymph nodes (stage IIA). A diagnostic delay between first symptom development and initial diagnosis was frequent [85·6%; median delay 36 months (interquartile range 12-90)]. This highlights the difficulties in accurate diagnosis, which includes lack of a singular diagnostic test for MF. CONCLUSIONS This confirmed early-stage MF cohort is being followed-up to identify prognostic factors, which may allow better management and improve survival by identifying patients at risk of disease progression. This study design is a useful model for collaboration in other rare diseases, especially where pathological diagnosis can be complex.
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Tuberculosis epididymo-orchitis following intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy. J Surg Case Rep 2019; 2019:rjz212. [PMID: 31360436 PMCID: PMC6649823 DOI: 10.1093/jscr/rjz212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
BCG is a well-established treatment for superficial bladder cancer. Although usually well-tolerated, side effects can range from mild cystitis to life-threatening sepsis. Epididymitis is a rare complication of BCG, with only a handful of cases proven to be caused directly by Mycobacterium bovis. We describe one such case, along with radiological findings for this rare complication.
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ANALYSIS OF CLINICAL DETERMINANTS DRIVING SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF CAMIDANLUMAB TESIRINE (ADCT-301, CAMI) IN RELAPSED/REFRACTORY (R/R) CLASSICAL HODGKIN LYMPHOMA (CHL). Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.61_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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THE FIRST-IN-CLASS ANTI-CD47 ANTIBODY HU5F9-G4 + RITUXIMAB INDUCES DURABLE RESPONSES IN RELAPSED/REFRACTORY DLBCL AND INDOLENT LYMPHOMA: INTERIM PHASE 1B/2 RESULTS. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.57_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
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RESULTS FROM THE SAFETY RUN-IN PERIOD OF THE SYMPATICO STUDY EVALUATING IBRUTINIB IN COMBINATION WITH VENETOCLAX IN PATIENTS WITH RELAPSED/REFRACTORY MANTLE CELL LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.146_2630] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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ACCEPT: A PHASE IB/II COMBINATION OF ACALABRUTINIB WITH RITUXIMAB, CYCLOPHOSPHAMIDE, DOXORUBICIN, VINCRISTINE AND PREDNISOLONE (R-CHOP) FOR PATIENTS WITH DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA (DLBCL). Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.39_2629] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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MODIFICATION OF ESCALATED BEACOPP WITH DACARBAZINE / PROCARBAZINE SUBSTITUTION REDUCES RED CELL TRANSFUSION REQUIREMENTS AND MAY SHORTEN TIME TO MENSTRUAL PERIOD RECOVERY. Hematol Oncol 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.168_2631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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The effects of metformin on cellular proliferation and steroid hormone receptor expression in patient derived low grade endometrial cancer cell lines: implications for reproductive sparing treatment using metformin. Fertil Steril 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2018.02.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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The creative use of social media by students for public health improvement. Eur J Public Health 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurpub/ckx189.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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P5807Clinical and biological predictors of early vein graft failure: The SAFINOUS-CABG collaborative group. Eur Heart J 2017. [DOI: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehx493.p5807] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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RESULTS OF a PHASE II STUDY OF BRENTUXIMAB VEDOTIN IN THE FIRST LINE TREATMENT OF HODGKIN LYMPHOMA PATIENTS CONSIDERED UNSUITABLE FOR STANDARD CHEMOTHERAPY (BREVITY). Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2437_68] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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DIFFERENTIAL EFFICACY OF BORTEZOMIB IN SUBTYPES OF DIFFUSE LARGE B-CELL LYMPHOMA (DLBL): a PROSPECTIVE RANDOMISED STUDY STRATIFIED BY TRANSCRIPTOME PROFILING: REMODL-B. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2437_120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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PHARMACOKINETIC ANALYSIS AND CLINICAL RESULTS OF THE PHASE 1 DOSE ESCALATION AND EXPANSION CXD101 TRIAL IN RELAPSED, REFRACTORY LYMPHOMA. Hematol Oncol 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/hon.2439_186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Investigating cellulose derived glycosaminoglycan mimetic scaffolds for cartilage tissue engineering applications. J Tissue Eng Regen Med 2017; 12:e592-e603. [DOI: 10.1002/term.2331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2016] [Revised: 08/20/2016] [Accepted: 09/26/2016] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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Quality-of-life outcomes from the Prostate Adenocarcinoma: TransCutaneous Hormones (PATCH) trial evaluating luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonists versus transdermal oestradiol for androgen suppression in advanced prostate cancer. BJU Int 2016; 119:667-675. [PMID: 27753182 DOI: 10.1111/bju.13687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To compare quality-of-life (QoL) outcomes at 6 months between men with advanced prostate cancer receiving either transdermal oestradiol (tE2) or luteinising hormone-releasing hormone agonists (LHRHa) for androgen-deprivation therapy (ADT). PATIENTS AND METHODS Men with locally advanced or metastatic prostate cancer participating in an ongoing randomised, multicentre UK trial comparing tE2 versus LHRHa for ADT were enrolled into a QoL sub-study. tE2 was delivered via three or four transcutaneous patches containing oestradiol 100 μg/24 h. LHRHa was administered as per local practice. Patients completed questionnaires based on the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality of life questionnaire 30-item core (EORTC QLQ-C30) with prostate-specific module QLQ PR25. The primary outcome measure was global QoL score at 6 months, compared between randomised arms. RESULTS In all, 727 men were enrolled between August 2007 and October 2015 (412 tE2, 315 LHRHa) with QoL questionnaires completed at both baseline and 6 months. Baseline clinical characteristics were similar between arms: median (interquartile range) age of 74 (68-79) years and PSA level of 44 (19-119) ng/mL, and 40% (294/727) had metastatic disease. At 6 months, patients on tE2 reported higher global QoL than those on LHRHa (mean difference +4.2, 95% confidence interval 1.2-7.1; P = 0.006), less fatigue, and improved physical function. Men in the tE2 arm were less likely to experience hot flushes (8% vs 46%), and report a lack of sexual interest (59% vs 74%) and sexual activity, but had higher rates of significant gynaecomastia (37% vs 5%). The higher incidence of hot flushes among LHRHa patients appear to account for both the reduced global QoL and increased fatigue in the LHRHa arm compared to the tE2 arm. CONCLUSION Patients receiving tE2 for ADT had better 6-month self-reported QoL outcomes compared to those on LHRHa, but increased likelihood of gynaecomastia. The ongoing trial will evaluate clinical efficacy and longer term QoL. These findings are also potentially relevant for short-term neoadjuvant ADT.
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POSTERS (1)59MULTIPOLAR CONTACT MAPPING GUIDED ABLATION OF TEMPORALLY STABLE HIGH FREQUENCY AND COMPLEX FRACTIONATED ATRIAL ELECTROGRAM SITES IN PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION60INTRA-CARDIAC AND PERIPHERAL LEVELS OF BIOCHEMICAL MARKERS OF FIBROSES IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING CATHETER ABLATION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILATION61THE DON'T WAIT TO ANTICOAGULATE PROJECT (DWAC) BY THE WEST OF ENGLAND ACADEMIC HEALTH SCIENCE NETWORK (AHSN) OPTIMISES STROKE PREVENTION FOR PATIENTS WITH ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF) WITHIN PRIMARY CARE IN LINE WITH NICE CG180 IN THE WEST OF ENGLAND62ILLNESS AND TREATMENT REPRESENTATIONS, COPING AND DISTRESS: VICIOUS CYCLES OF EVERYDAY EXPERIENCES IN PATIENTS WITH PERSISTENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION63THE NEEDS OF THE ADOLESCENT LIVING WITH AN INHERITED CARDIAC CONDITION: THE PATIENTS' PERSPECTIVE64SAFETY AND EFFICACY OF PARAMEDIC TREATMENT OF REGULAR SUPRAVENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA (PARA-SVT)65NATURAL PROGRESSION OF QRS DURATION FOLLOWING IMPLATABLE CARDIOVERTER DEFIBRILLATORS (ICD) - IMPLANTATION66COMPARISON OF EFFICACY OF VOLTAGE DIRECTED CAVOTRICUSPID ISTHMUS ABLATION USING MINI VS CONVENTIONAL ELETRODES67CRYOBALLOON ABLATION (CRYO) FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION (AF) CANNOT BE GUIDED BY TEMPERATURE END-POINTS ALONE68MODERATOR BAND ECTOPY UNMASKED BY ADENOSINE AS A CAUSE OF ECTOPIC TRIGGERED IDIOPATHIC VF69EARLY CLINICAL EXPERIENCE WITH TARGETED SITE SELECTION FOR THE WiCS-LV ELECTRODE FOR CRT70DOES VECTOR MAPPING PRIOR TO IMPLANTABLE LOOP RECORDER INSERTION IMPROVE THE DETECTION OF ARRHYTHMIA?71THE ROLE OF SPECKLE TRACKING STRAIN IMAGING IN ASSESSING LEFT VENTRICULAR RESPONSE TO CARDIAC RESYNCHRONISATION THERAPY IN RESPONDERS AND NON-RESPONDERS72EVALUATING PATIENTS' EXPERIENCE AND SATISFACTION OF THE ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION PROCEDURE: A RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS73TROUBLESHOOTING LV LEAD IMPLANTATION - NOVEL “UNIRAIL TECHNIQUE”74SUBCLINICAL ATHEROSCELEROSIS AND COGNITIVE IMPAIRMENT75EFFECT OF LOZARTANE ON DEVELOPMENT OF THE ELECTRICAL INSTABILITY OF THE MYOCARDIUM76THE INTERPLAY BETWEEN BODY COMPOSITION AND LEFT VENTRICULAR REMODELLING IN CARDIAC RESYNCHRONISATION THERAPY77FAMILY SCREENING IN IDIOPATHIC VENTRICULAR FIBRILLATION78MANAGEMENT OF ATRIAL FIBRILLATION IN A LARGE TEACHING HOSPITAL79THE EFFECT OF LEFT VENTRICULAR LEAD POSITION ON SURVIVAL IN PATIENTS WITH BINVENTRICULAR PACEMAKRS/DEFIBRILLATORS80ACUTE DEVICE IMPLANT-RELATED COMPLICATIONS DO NOT INCREASE LATE MORTALITY81ABORTED CARIDAC ARREST AS THE SENTINEL PRESENTATION IN A COHORT OF PATIENTS WITH THE CONCEALED BRUGADA PHENOTYPE82POST-CARDIAC DEVICE IMPLANTATION MOBILISATION ADVICE: A NATIONAL SURVEY83DO RISK SCORES DEVELOPED TO PROTECT ONE-YEAR MORTALITY ACTUALLY HELP IN ACCURATELY SELECTING PATIENTS RECEIVING PRIMARY PREVENTION ICD?84ATRIAL TACHYCARDIA ARISING FROM THE NON-CORONARY AORTIC CUSP85THE EFFECT OF DIFFERENT ATRIAL FIBRILLATION ABLATION STRATEGIES ON SURFACE ECG P WAVE DURATION86PRESCRIBING DRONEDARONE: HOW IS IT DONE ACROSS THE UK AND IS IT SAFE?87A CASE OF WIDE COMPLEX TACHYCARDIA88TRANSITION TO DEDICATED DAY CASE DEVICES - SAFETY AND EFFICACY IN A LARGE VOLUME CENTRE89SEQUENTIAL REGIONAL DOMINANT FREQUENCY MAPPING DURING ATRIAL FIBRILLATION: A NOVEL TEQUNIQUE90ELECTIVE CARDIOVERSION ENERGY PROTOCOLS: A RETROSPECTIVE COMPARISON OF ESCALATION STRATEGIES91THE INCIDENCE OF CLINCALLY RELEVANT HAEMATOMAS WITH PERIOPERATIVE USE OF NEWER P2Y12 INHIBITORS AND INTERRUPTED NOAC THERAPY IN CARDIAC IMPLANTABLE ELECTRONIC DEVICE INSERTION92AN AUDIT OF THE OUTCOMES FOR CHEMICAL AND DIRECT CURRENT CARDIOVERSION FOR ATRIAL FIBRILLATION AT OUR DGH OVER A 3 YEAR DURATION93REAL LIFE ACUTE MANAGEMET OF HAEMODYNAMICALLY TOLERATED MONOMORPHIC VENTRICULAR TACHYCARDIA. ARE WE MAKING EVIDENCE BASED ON DECISIONS?94A SERVICE EVALUATION TO ASSESS THE EFFICACY AND SAFETY OF NOVEL ORAL ANTICOAGULANTS VERSUS WARFARIN FOR ELECTIVE CARDIVERSION IN PATIENTS WITH NON VALVULAR AF IN A NURSE LED CARDIOVERSION SERVICE95PICK UP RATE OF IMPLANTED LOOP RECORDER AT A DISTRICT HOSPITAL. Europace 2016. [DOI: 10.1093/europace/euw273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
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IVF outcomes in young patients with unexplained infertility: an analysis of 273,779 cycles from the 2011-2013 society for assisted reproductive technology clinic outcome reporting system registry. Fertil Steril 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2016.07.503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Hydrogen sulfide oxidation in novel Horizontal-Flow Biofilm Reactors dominated by an Acidithiobacillus and a Thiobacillus species. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2016; 37:2252-2264. [PMID: 26829048 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2016.1147609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2015] [Accepted: 01/25/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Hydrogen Sulfide (H2S) is an odourous, highly toxic gas commonly encountered in various commercial and municipal sectors. Three novel, laboratory-scale, Horizontal-Flow Biofilm Reactors (HFBRs) were tested for the removal of H2S gas from air streams over a 178-day trial at 10°C. Removal rates of up to 15.1 g [H2S] m(-3) h(-1) were achieved, demonstrating the HFBRs as a feasible technology for the treatment of H2S-contaminated airstreams at low temperatures. Bio-oxidation of H2S in the reactors led to the production of H(+) and sulfate (SO(2-)4) ions, resulting in the acidification of the liquid phase. Reduced removal efficiency was observed at loading rates of 15.1 g [H2S] m(-3) h(-1). NaHCO3 addition to the liquid nutrient feed (synthetic wastewater (SWW)) resulted in improved H2S removal. Bacterial diversity, which was investigated by sequencing and fingerprinting 16S rRNA genes, was low, likely due to the harsh conditions prevailing in the systems. The HFBRs were dominated by two species from the genus Acidithiobacillus and Thiobacillus. Nonetheless, there were significant differences in microbial community structure between distinct HFBR zones due to the influence of alkalinity, pH and SO4 concentrations. Despite the low temperature, this study indicates HFBRs have an excellent potential to biologically treat H2S-contaminated airstreams.
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Review article: acute severe ulcerative colitis - evidence-based consensus statements. Aliment Pharmacol Ther 2016; 44:127-44. [PMID: 27226344 DOI: 10.1111/apt.13670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2015] [Revised: 12/18/2015] [Accepted: 04/27/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Acute severe ulcerative colitis (ASUC) is a potentially life-threatening complication of ulcerative colitis. AIM To develop consensus statements based on a systematic review of the literature of the management of ASUC to improve patient outcome. METHODS Following a literature review, the Delphi method was used to develop the consensus statements. A steering committee, based in Australia, generated the statements of interest. Three rounds of anonymous voting were carried out to achieve the final results. Acceptance of statements was pre-determined by ≥80% votes in 'complete agreement' or 'agreement with minor reservation'. RESULTS Key recommendations include that patients with ASUC should be: hospitalised, undergo unprepared flexible sigmoidoscopy to assess severity and to exclude cytomegalovirus colitis, and be provided with venous thromboembolism prophylaxis and intravenous hydrocortisone 100 mg three or four times daily with close monitoring by a multidisciplinary team. Rescue therapy such as infliximab or ciclosporin should be started if insufficient response by day 3, and colectomy considered if no response to 7 days of rescue therapy or earlier if deterioration. With such an approach, it is expected that colectomy rate during admission will be below 30% and mortality less than 1% in specialist centres. CONCLUSION These evidenced-based consensus statements on acute severe ulcerative colitis, developed by a multidisciplinary group, provide up-to-date best practice recommendations that improve and harmonise management as well as provide auditable quality assessments.
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52: Treatment of ashermans syndrome with an intrauterine amniograft to provide a “scaffold” platform for endometrial cell regeneration. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.01.083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Carbon amendment and soil depth affect the distribution and abundance of denitrifiers in agricultural soils. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:7899-910. [PMID: 26762934 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-015-6030-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 12/28/2015] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
The nitrite reductase (nirS and nirK) and nitrous oxide reductase-encoding (nosZ) genes of denitrifying populations present in an agricultural grassland soil were quantified using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays. Samples from three separate pedological depths at the chosen site were investigated: horizon A (0-10 cm), horizon B (45-55 cm), and horizon C (120-130 cm). The effect of carbon addition (treatment 1, control; treatment 2, glucose-C; treatment 3, dissolved organic carbon (DOC)) on denitrifier gene abundance and N2O and N2 fluxes was determined. In general, denitrifier abundance correlated well with flux measurements; nirS was positively correlated with N2O, and nosZ was positively correlated with N2 (P < 0.03). Denitrifier gene copy concentrations per gram of soil (GCC) varied in response to carbon type amendment (P < 0.01). Denitrifier GCCs were high (ca. 10(7)) and the bac:nirK, bac:nirS, bac:nir (T) , and bac:nosZ ratios were low (ca. 10(-1)/10) in horizon A in all three respective treatments. Glucose-C amendment favored partial denitrification, resulting in higher nir abundance and higher N2O fluxes compared to the control. DOC amendment, by contrast, resulted in relatively higher nosZ abundance and N2 emissions, thus favoring complete denitrification. We also noted soil depth directly affected bacterial, archaeal, and denitrifier abundance, possibly due to changes in soil carbon availability with depth.
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Past and projected temporal trends in arthroscopic hip surgery in England between 2002 and 2013. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2016; 2:e000082. [PMID: 27900161 PMCID: PMC5117047 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2015-000082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2015] [Revised: 12/23/2015] [Accepted: 01/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Hip arthroscopy is increasingly adopted for the treatment of intra-articular and extra-articular pathologies. Studies from USA demonstrate a 365% increase in the number of procedures performed between 2004 and 2009 and 250% increase between 2007 and 2011. There is limited evidence of long-term efficacy for this procedure and hip arthroscopy is not universally funded across England. The aim of this study is to describe temporal trends in the adoption of hip arthroscopy in England between 2002 and 2013 and to forecast trends for the next 10 years. Methods A search of the Hospital Episodes Database was performed for all codes describing arthroscopic hip procedures with patient age, sex and area of residence. Results 11 329 hip arthroscopies were performed in National Health Service hospitals in England between 2002 and 2013. The number of hip arthroscopies performed increased by 727% (p<0.0001) during this period and is forecast to increase by 1388% in 2023. Females represent 60% of all patients undergoing hip arthroscopy (p<0.001). Median age category is 40–44 for females and 35–39 for males and average age decreased during the study period (p<0.0001). There is significant regional variation in procedure incidence. In the final year of this study the highest incidence was in the Southwest (8.63/100 000 population) and lowest in East Midlands (1.29/100 000 population). Conclusions The increase in number of hip arthroscopies performed in England reflects trends in USA and continued increases are forecast. Evidence from robust clinical trials is required to justify the increasing number of procedures performed and regional variation suggests potential inequality in the provision of this intervention.
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Oscillatory activity in primate reticular formation. Clin Neurophysiol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2015.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Synthesis and catalytic properties of highly branched palladium nanostructures using seeded growth. NANOSCALE 2016; 8:2867-74. [PMID: 26763185 DOI: 10.1039/c5nr07413d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
In order to develop nanocatalysts with enhanced catalytic performance, it is important to be able to synthesize nanocrystals enclosed by high-index surface facets, due to their high density of low coordinated atoms at step, ledge and kink sites. Here, we report a facile seed-mediated route to the synthesis of highly branched Pd nanostructures with a combination of {113}, {115} and {220} high-index surface planes. The size of these nanostructures is readily controlled by a simple manipulation of the seed concentration. The selective use of oleylamine and oleic acid was also found to be critical to the synthesis of these structures, with Pd icosahedra enclosed by low-index {111} facets being produced when hexadecylamine was employed as capping ligand. The structure-property relationship of these nanostructures as catalysts in Suzuki-cross coupling reactions was then investigated and compared, with the high-index faceted branched Pd nanostructures found to be the most effective catalysts.
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Factors associated with neurocognitive test performance at baseline: a substudy of the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial. HIV Med 2015; 16 Suppl 1:97-108. [PMID: 25711328 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We describe neuropsychological test performance (NP) in antiretroviral treatment (ART)-naïve HIV-positive individuals with CD4 cell counts above 500 cells/μL. METHODS In a neurology substudy of the International Network for Strategic Initiatives in Global HIV Trials (INSIGHT) Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) study, eight neurocognitive tests were administered. The primary measure of NP was the quantitative NP z-score (QNPZ-8), the average of the z-scores for the eight tests. Associations of baseline factors with QNPZ-8 scores were assessed by multiple regression. Mild neurocognitive impairment (NCI) was defined as z-scores < -1 in at least two of six cognitive domains. RESULTS A total of 608 participants had a median age of 34 years; 11% were women and 15% were black; the median time since HIV diagnosis was 0.9 years; the median CD4 cell count was 633 cells/μL; 19.9% had mild NCI. Better NP was independently associated with younger age, being white, higher body mass index (0.10 per 10 kg/m(2) higher), and higher haematocrit percentage (0.19 per 10% higher). Worse NP was associated with longer time since HIV diagnosis (-0.17 per 10 years), diabetes (-0.29) and higher Framingham risk score (-0.15 per 10 points higher). QNPZ-8 scores differed significantly between geographical locations, with the lowest scores in Brazil and Argentina/Chile. CONCLUSIONS This is the largest study of NP in ART-naïve HIV-positive adults with CD4 counts > 500 cells/μL. Demographic factors and diabetes were most strongly associated with NP. Unmeasured educational/sociocultural factors may explain geographical differences. Poorer NP was independently associated with longer time since HIV diagnosis, suggesting that untreated HIV infection might deleteriously affect NP, but the effect was small.
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Pulmonary function in an international sample of HIV-positive, treatment-naïve adults with CD4 counts > 500 cells/μL: a substudy of the INSIGHT Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial. HIV Med 2015; 16 Suppl 1:119-28. [PMID: 25711330 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of the study was to describe the prevalence and correlates of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a multicentre international cohort of persons living with HIV (PLWH). METHODS We performed a cross-sectional analysis of adult PLWH, naïve to HIV treatment, with baseline CD4 cell count > 500 cells/μL enrolled in the Pulmonary Substudy of the Strategic Timing of AntiRetroviral Treatment (START) trial. We collected standardized, quality-controlled spirometry. COPD was defined as forced expiratory volume in 1 s:forced vital capacity (FEV1 :FVC) ratio less than the lower limit of normal. RESULTS Among 1026 participants from 80 sites and 20 countries, the median age was 36 [interquartile range (IQR) 30, 44] years, 29% were female, and the median time since HIV diagnosis was 1.2 (IQR 0.4, 3.5) years. Baseline median CD4 cell count was 648 (IQR 583, 767) cells/μL, median viral load was 4.2 (IQR 3.5, 4.7) log10 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL, and 10% had a viral load ≤ 400 copies/mL despite lack of HIV treatment. Current/former/never smokers comprised 28%/11%/61% of the cohort, respectively. COPD was present in 6.8% of participants, and varied by age, smoking status and region. Forty-eight per cent of those with COPD reported lifelong nonsmoking. In multivariable regression, age and pack-years of smoking had the strongest associations with FEV1 :FVC ratio (P < 0.0001). There was a significant effect of region on FEV1 :FVC ratio (P = 0.010). CONCLUSIONS Our data suggest that, among PLWH who were naïve to HIV treatment and had CD4 cell counts > 500 cells/μL, smoking and age were important factors related to COPD. Smoking cessation should remain a high global priority for clinical care and research in PLWH.
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Comparison of pre-wash and post-wash sperm morphological indices with pregnancy outcomes in intrauterine insemination and in vitro fertilization. Fertil Steril 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fertnstert.2015.07.774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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An evaluation of the performance and optimization of a new wastewater treatment technology: the air suction flow-biofilm reactor. ENVIRONMENTAL TECHNOLOGY 2015; 36:1188-1204. [PMID: 25413003 DOI: 10.1080/09593330.2014.982724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
In this laboratory study, a novel wastewater treatment technology, the air suction flow-biofilm reactor (ASF-BR) - a sequencing batch biofilm reactor technology with a passive aeration mechanism - was investigated for its efficiency in removing organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus, from high-strength synthetic wastewaters. A laboratory-scale ASF-BR comprising 2 reactors, 350 mm in diameter and 450 mm in height, was investigated over 2 studies (Studies 1 and 2) for a total of 430 days. Study 1 lasted a total of 166 days and involved a 9-step sequence alternating between aeration, anoxic treatment and settlement. The cycle time was 12.1 h and the reactors were operated at a substrate loading rate of 3.60 g filtered chemical oxygen demand (CODf)/m2 media/d, 0.28 g filtered total nitrogen (TNf)/m2 media/d, 0.24 g ammonium-nitrogen (NH4-N)/m2 media/d and 0.07 g ortho-phosphate (PO4-P)/m2 media/d. The average removal rates achieved during Study 1 were 98% CODf, 88% TNf, 97% NH4-N and 35% PO4-P. During Study 2 (264 days), the unit was operated at a loading rate of 2.49 g CODf/m2 media/d, 0.24 g TNf/m2 media/d, 0.20 g NH4-N/m2 media/d and 0.06 PO4-P/m2 media/d. The energy requirement during this study was reduced by modifying the treatment cycle in include fewer pumping cycles. Removal rates in Study 2 averaged 97% CODf, 86% TNf, 99% NH4-N and 76% PO4-P. The excess sludge production of the system was evaluated and detailed analyses of the treatment cycles were carried out. Biomass yields were estimated at 0.09 g SS/g CODf, removed and 0.21 g SS/g CODf, removed for Studies 1 and 2, respectively. Gene analysis showed that the use of a partial vacuum did not affect the growth of ammonia-oxidizing bacteria. The results indicate that the ASF-BR and passive aeration technologies can offer efficient alternatives to existing technologies.
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Controlling alloy formation and optical properties by galvanic replacement of sub-20 nm silver nanoparticles in organic media. CrystEngComm 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ce00659g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Galvanic replacement is a versatile synthetic strategy for the synthesis of alloy and hollow nanostructures.
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Fate of Trace Metals in Anaerobic Digestion. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 151:171-95. [PMID: 26337848 DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-21993-6_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
A challenging, and largely uncharted, area of research in the field of anaerobic digestion science and technology is in understanding the roles of trace metals in enabling biogas production. This is a major knowledge gap and a multifaceted problem involving metal chemistry; physical interactions of metal and solids; microbiology; and technology optimization. Moreover, the fate of trace metals, and the chemical speciation and transport of trace metals in environments--often agricultural lands receiving discharge waters from anaerobic digestion processes--simultaneously represents challenges for environmental protection and opportunities to close process loops in anaerobic digestion.
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Effects of feral free-roaming horses on semi-arid rangeland ecosystems: an example from the sagebrush steppe. Ecosphere 2014. [DOI: 10.1890/es14-00171.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
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OP013: Weight Gain and Obesity After Orthotopic Liver Transplantation at Austin Health. Clin Nutr 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/s0261-5614(14)50013-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Interface effects on the electronic transport properties in highly epitaxial LaBaCo2O(5.5+δ) films. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:2540-2545. [PMID: 24467686 DOI: 10.1021/am404951v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Single-crystalline perovskite LaBaCo2O5.5+δ thin films were grown on a (110) NdGaO3 single-crystal substrate in order to systematically investigate the effect of lattice mismatch on the electrical transport properties in comparison to the films on LaAlO3, SrTiO3, and MgO substrates. Microstructure studies reveal that all of the LaBaCo2O5.5+δ films are of excellent quality with atomically sharp interface structures. The electrical and magnetic transport property studies indicate that the resistivity, magnetoresistance, and magnetic moment of the film are very sensitive to the substrate materials because of the lattice mismatch/interface strain. The Curie temperature, however, is almost independent of the strain imposed by the substrate, probably because of the strong coupling between the nanodomain boundary and interface strain.
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