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Elfgen C, Varga Z, Breitling K, Pauli E, Schwegler-Guggemos D, Kampmann G, Kubik-Huch RA, Leo C, Lepori D, Sonnenschein M, Tausch C, Schrading S. Long-Term Follow-Up of High-Risk Breast Lesions at Vacuum-Assisted Biopsy without Subsequent Surgical Resection. Breast Care (Basel) 2024; 19:62-72. [PMID: 38384485 PMCID: PMC10878709 DOI: 10.1159/000533673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction B3-lesions of the breast are a heterogeneous group of neoplasms, associated with a higher risk of breast cancer. Recent studies show a low upgrade rate into malignancy after subsequent open surgical excision (OE) of most B3-lesions when proven by vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB). However, there is a lack of long-term follow-up data after VAB of high-risk lesions. The primary aim of this study was to demonstrate whether follow-up of B3 lesions is a beneficial and reliable alternative to OE in terms of long-term outcome. The secondary aim was to identify patient and lesion characteristics of B3 lesions for which OE is still necessary. Methods This retrospective multicenter study was conducted at 8 Swiss breast centers between 2010 and 2019. A total of 278 women (mean age: 53.5 ± 10.7 years) with 286 B3-lesions who had observation only and who had at least 24 months of follow-up were included. Any event during follow-up (ductal carcinoma in situ [DCIS], invasive cancer, new B3-lesion) was systematically recorded. Data from women who had an event during follow-up were compared with those who did not. The results for the different B3 lesions were analyzed using the t test and Fisher's exact test. A p value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results The median follow-up interval was 59 months (range: 24-143 months) with 52% (148/286) having a follow-up of more than 5 years. During follow-up, in 42 women, 44 suspicious lesions occurred, with 36.4% (16/44) being invasive cancer and 6.8% (3/44) being DCIS. Thus, 6.6% (19/286) of all women developed malignancy during follow-up after a median follow-up interval of 6.5 years (range: 31-119 months). The initial histology of the B3 lesion influenced the subsequent occurrence of a malignant lesion during follow-up (p < 0.038). The highest malignancy-developing rate was observed in atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH) (24%, 19/79), while all other B3-lesions had malignant findings ipsi- and contralateral between 0% and 6%. The results were not influenced by the VAB method (Mx-, US-, magnetic resonance imaging-guided), the radiological characteristics of the lesion, or the age or menopausal status of the patient (p > 0.12). Conclusion With a low risk of <6% of developing malignancy, VAB followed by long-term follow-up is a safe alternative to OE for most B3-lesions. A higher malignancy rate only occurred in ADH (24%). Based on our results, radiological follow-up should be bilateral, preferable using the technique of initial diagnosis. As we observed a late peak (6-7 years) of breast malignancies after B3-lesions, follow-up should be continued for a longer period (>10 years). Knowledge of these long-term outcome results will be helpful in making treatment decisions and determining the optimal radiological follow-up interval.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Elfgen
- Breast-Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, University of Witten-Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Katrin Breitling
- Breast Center, Kantonsspital Schaffhausen, Schaffhausen, Switzerland
| | - Eliane Pauli
- Breast Center, Kantonsspital Frauenfeld, Frauenfeld, Switzerland
| | | | - Gert Kampmann
- Centro di Radiologia e Senologia Luganese, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Cornelia Leo
- Breast Center, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | | | | | - Christoph Tausch
- Breast-Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Department of Medicine, University of Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Simone Schrading
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Kantonsspital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
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Elfgen C, Leo C, Kubik-Huch RA, Muenst S, Schmidt N, Quinn C, McNally S, van Diest PJ, Mann RM, Bago-Horvath Z, Bernathova M, Regitnig P, Fuchsjäger M, Schwegler-Guggemos D, Maranta M, Zehbe S, Tausch C, Güth U, Fallenberg EM, Schrading S, Kothari A, Sonnenschein M, Kampmann G, Kulka J, Tille JC, Körner M, Decker T, Lax SF, Daniaux M, Bjelic-Radisic V, Kacerovsky-Strobl S, Condorelli R, Gnant M, Varga Z. Third International Consensus Conference on lesions of uncertain malignant potential in the breast (B3 lesions). Virchows Arch 2023:10.1007/s00428-023-03566-x. [PMID: 37330436 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-023-03566-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The heterogeneous group of B3 lesions in the breast harbors lesions with different malignant potential and progression risk. As several studies about B3 lesions have been published since the last Consensus in 2018, the 3rd International Consensus Conference discussed the six most relevant B3 lesions (atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), flat epithelial atypia (FEA), classical lobular neoplasia (LN), radial scar (RS), papillary lesions (PL) without atypia, and phyllodes tumors (PT)) and made recommendations for diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. Following a presentation of current data of each B3 lesion, the international and interdisciplinary panel of 33 specialists and key opinion leaders voted on the recommendations for further management after core-needle biopsy (CNB) and vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB). In case of B3 lesion diagnosis on CNB, OE was recommended in ADH and PT, whereas in the other B3 lesions, vacuum-assisted excision was considered an equivalent alternative to OE. In ADH, most panelists (76%) recommended an open excision (OE) after diagnosis on VAB, whereas observation after a complete VAB-removal on imaging was accepted by 34%. In LN, the majority of the panel (90%) preferred observation following complete VAB-removal. Results were similar in RS (82%), PL (100%), and FEA (100%). In benign PT, a slim majority (55%) also recommended an observation after a complete VAB-removal. VAB with subsequent active surveillance can replace an open surgical intervention for most B3 lesions (RS, FEA, PL, PT, and LN). Compared to previous recommendations, there is an increasing trend to a de-escalating strategy in classical LN. Due to the higher risk of upgrade into malignancy, OE remains the preferred approach after the diagnosis of ADH.
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Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Elfgen
- Breast-Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
- University of Witten-Herdecke, Witten, Germany.
| | - Cornelia Leo
- Breast Center, Kantonsspital Baden, Baden, Switzerland
| | | | - Simone Muenst
- Institute of Medical Genetics and Pathology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Noemi Schmidt
- Department of Radiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland
| | - Cecily Quinn
- Irish National Breast Screening Program & Department of Histopathology, St. Vincent's University Hospital Dublin and School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sorcha McNally
- Radiology Department, St. Vincent University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Paul J van Diest
- Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Ritse M Mann
- Department of Radiology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands
- Department of Radiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | | | - Maria Bernathova
- Department of Radiology and Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Peter Regitnig
- Diagnostic and Research Institute of Pathology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | - Michael Fuchsjäger
- Division of General Radiology, Department of Radiology, Medical University Graz, Graz, Austria
| | | | - Martina Maranta
- Department of Gynecology, County Hospital Chur, Chur, Switzerland
| | - Sabine Zehbe
- Radiology Section, Breast Center Stephanshorn, St. Gallen, Switzerland
| | | | - Uwe Güth
- Breast-Center Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Eva Maria Fallenberg
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, School of Medicine & Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich (TUM), Munich, Germany
| | - Simone Schrading
- Department of Radiology, County Hospital Lucerne, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Ashutosh Kothari
- Breast Surgery Unit, Guy's and St Thomas's NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK
| | | | - Gert Kampmann
- Centro di Radiologia e Senologia Luganese, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Janina Kulka
- Department of Pathology, Forensic and Insurance Medicine, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | | | | | - Thomas Decker
- Breast Pathology, Reference Centers Mammography Münster, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany
| | - Sigurd F Lax
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Graz II, Graz, and School of Medicine, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Linz, Austria
| | - Martin Daniaux
- BrustGesundheitZentrum Tirol, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Vesna Bjelic-Radisic
- University of Witten-Herdecke, Witten, Germany
- Breast Unit, Helios University Hospital, University Witten/Herdecke, Witten, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael Gnant
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Department of Pathology and Molecular Pathology, University Hospital Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland
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Rageth CJ, O'Flynn EA, Comstock C, Kurtz C, Kubik R, Madjar H, Lepori D, Kampmann G, Mundinger A, Baege A, Decker T, Hosch S, Tausch C, Delaloye JF, Morris E, Varga Z. First International Consensus Conference on lesions of uncertain malignant potential in the breast (B3 lesions). Breast Cancer Res Treat 2016; 159:203-13. [PMID: 27522516 PMCID: PMC5012144 DOI: 10.1007/s10549-016-3935-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 08/01/2016] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to obtain a consensus for the therapy of B3 lesions. The first International Consensus Conference on lesions of uncertain malignant potential in the breast (B3 lesions) including atypical ductal hyperplasia (ADH), flat epithelial atypia (FEA), classical lobular neoplasia (LN), papillary lesions (PL), benign phyllodes tumors (PT), and radial scars (RS) took place in January 2016 in Zurich, Switzerland organized by the International Breast Ultrasound School and the Swiss Minimally Invasive Breast Biopsy group-a subgroup of the Swiss Society of Senology. Consensus recommendations for the management and follow-up surveillance of these B3 lesions were developed and areas of research priorities were identified. The consensus recommendation for FEA, LN, PL, and RS diagnosed on core needle biopsy or vacuum-assisted biopsy (VAB) is to therapeutically excise the lesion seen on imaging by VAB and no longer by open surgery, with follow-up surveillance imaging for 5 years. The consensus recommendation for ADH and PT is, with some exceptions, therapeutic first-line open surgical excision. Minimally invasive management of selected B3 lesions with therapeutic VAB is acceptable as an alternative to first-line surgical excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph J Rageth
- Brust-Zentrum Zürich, Seefeldstr. 214, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland. .,Centre du sein, Département de Gynécologie et d'Obstétrique, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Genève, Bd de la Cluse 30, 1211, Genève 14, Switzerland.
| | | | - Christopher Comstock
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Breast and Imaging Center, 300 E 66th St Suite 723, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Claudia Kurtz
- Institut für Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin, Luzerner Kantonsspital, 6000, Lucerne, Switzerland
| | - Rahel Kubik
- Institute of Radiology, Department of Medical Services, Kantonsspital Baden, im Ergel, 5404, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Helmut Madjar
- DKD HELIOS Klinik, Aukammallee 33, 65191, Wiesbaden, Germany
| | | | - Gert Kampmann
- Centro di Radiologia e Senologia Luganese, Corso Pestalozzi 3, 6900, Lugano, Switzerland
| | | | - Astrid Baege
- Brust-Zentrum Zürich, Seefeldstr. 214, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Thomas Decker
- Institut für Pathologie am Dietrich-Bonhoeffer-Klinikum, Salvador-Allende-Straße 30, 17036, Neubrandenburg, Germany
| | - Stefanie Hosch
- Brust-Zentrum Zürich, Seefeldstr. 214, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Christoph Tausch
- Brust-Zentrum Zürich, Seefeldstr. 214, 8008, Zurich, Switzerland
| | | | - Elisabeth Morris
- Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, Breast and Imaging Center, 300 E 66th St Suite 723, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | - Zsuzsanna Varga
- Institute of Surgical Pathology, University Hospital Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 12, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland
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Saladin C, Haueisen H, Kampmann G, Oehlschlegel C, Seifert B, Rageth L, Rageth C, Stadlmann S, Kubik-Huch RA. Lesions with unclear malignant potential (B3) after minimally invasive breast biopsy: evaluation of vacuum biopsies performed in Switzerland and recommended further management. Acta Radiol 2016; 57:815-21. [PMID: 26552694 PMCID: PMC4906532 DOI: 10.1177/0284185115610931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2015] [Accepted: 09/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Background Histopathological B3 lesions after minimal invasive breast biopsy (VABB) are a particular challenge for the clinician, as there are currently no binding recommendations regarding the subsequent procedure. Purpose To analyze all B3 lesions, diagnosed at VABB and captured in the national central Swiss MIBB database and to provide a data basis for further management in this subgroup of patients. Material and Methods All 9,153 stereotactically, sonographically, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided vacuum-assisted breast biopsies, performed in Switzerland between 2009 and 2011, captured in a central database, were evaluated. The rate of B3 lesions and the definitive pathological findings in patients who underwent surgical resection were analyzed. Results The B3 rate was 17.0% (1532 of 9000 biopsies with B classification). Among the 521 lesions with a definitive postoperative diagnosis, the malignancy rate (invasive carcinoma or DCIS) was 21.5%. In patients with atypical ductal hyperplasia, papillary lesions, flat epithelial atypia, lobular neoplasia, and radial scar diagnosed by VABB, the malignancy rates were 25.9%, 3.1%, 18.3%, 26.4%, and 11.1%, respectively. Conclusion B3 lesions, comprising 17%, of all analyzed biopsies, were common and the proportion of malignancies in those lesions undergoing subsequent surgical excision was high (21.5%).
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilla Saladin
- Institute of Radiology, Kantonsspital Baden AG, Baden, Switzerland
| | - Harald Haueisen
- Institute of Radiology, Kantonsspital Aarau AG, Aarau, Switzerland
| | | | | | - B Seifert
- Division of Biostatistics, Institute for Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland
| | | | | | - S Stadlmann
- Institute of Pathology, Kantonsspital Baden AG, Baden, Switzerland
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5
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Heim M, Frank O, Kampmann G, Sochocky N, Pennimpede T, Fuchs P, Hunziker W, Weber P, Martin I, Bendik I. The phytoestrogen genistein enhances osteogenesis and represses adipogenic differentiation of human primary bone marrow stromal cells. Endocrinology 2004; 145:848-59. [PMID: 14605006 DOI: 10.1210/en.2003-1014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 137] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the role of the phytoestrogen genistein and 17beta-estradiol in human bone marrow stromal cells, undergoing induced osteogenic or adipogenic differentiation. Profiling of estrogen receptors (ERs)-alpha, -beta1, -beta2, -beta3, -beta4, -beta5, and aromatase mRNAs revealed lineage-dependent expression patterns. During osteogenic differentiation, the osteoblast-determining core binding factor-alpha1 showed a progressive increase, whereas the adipogenic regulator peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) was sequentially decreased. This temporal regulation of lineage-determining marker genes was strongly enhanced by genistein during the early osteogenic phase. Moreover, genistein increased alkaline phosphatase mRNA levels and activity, the osteoprotegerin:receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand gene expression ratio, and the expression of TGFbeta1. During adipogenic differentiation, down-regulation in the mRNA levels of PPARgamma and CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-alpha at d 3 and decreased lipoprotein lipase and adipsin mRNA levels at d 21 were observed after genistein treatment. This led to a lower number of adipocytes and a reduction in the size of their lipid droplets. At d 3 of adipogenesis, TGFbeta1 was strongly up-regulated by genistein in an ER-dependent manner. Blocking the TGFbeta1 pathway abolished the effects of genistein on PPARgamma protein levels and led to a reduction in the proliferation rate of precursor cells. Overall, genistein enhanced the commitment and differentiation of bone marrow stromal cells to the osteoblast lineage but did not influence the late osteogenic maturation markers. Adipogenic differentiation and maturation, on the other hand, were reduced by genistein (and 17beta-estradiol) via an ER-dependent mechanism involving autocrine or paracrine TGFbeta1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Heim
- Human Nutrition and Health, Research and Development, Roche Vitamins Ltd., VFHF, 205/219A, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
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Shantz J, Heim M, Kampmann G, Sochocky N, Fuchs P, Schweitzer CH, Weber P, Lundstrom K, Hunziker W, Bendik I. A spin-column procedure for estrogen receptor equilibrium and competition binding analysis. J Recept Signal Transduct Res 2002; 22:497-507. [PMID: 12503637 DOI: 10.1081/rrs-120014617] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Estrogen receptors, members of the nuclear hormone receptor family, are not only able to bind their endogenous hormone, 17beta-estradiol, but can also accommodate other naturally-occuring, non-steroidal molecules. Here, we describe a spin-column procedure to determine accurately equilibrium dissociation constants (Kds) and IC50 concentrations for estrogenic compounds. The human wild-type ERalpha was used to validate the protocol. We expressed the full-length ERalpha protein in an eukaryotic system to ensure all possible post-transcriptional modifications. The gel filtration-based assay revealed a temperature-dependent Kd shift for ERalpha. At physiological conditions (150 mM salt, 37 degrees C) we determined the 17beta-estradiol Kd for ERalpha to be 281 +/- 13 pmol/L. Positive cooperativity was only apparent at low temperatures and diminished to zero at 37 degrees C. In homologous competition binding experiments using 17beta-estradiol, we observed fifty fold higher IC50 values than the respective Kd. This paper presents a reliable and sensitive protocol to generate saturation binding curves and heterologous competition curves to test estrogenic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Shantz
- Roche Vitamins Ltd., Human Nutrition & Health, Research and Development, CH-4070 Basel, Switzerland
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Monasteri R, Kampmann G, Fleisch F, Werth B. [Epigastric pain in Fitz-Hugh-Curtis syndrome]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2001; 90:514-516. [PMID: 11324310] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R Monasteri
- Departement Innere Medizin und Institut für Kardiologie, Kantonsspital Chur
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Borner R, Kampmann G, Chandler J, Gleissner R, Wisman E, Apel K, Melzer S. A MADS domain gene involved in the transition to flowering in Arabidopsis. Plant J 2000; 24:591-9. [PMID: 11123798 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-313x.2000.00906.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 153] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Flowering time in many plants is triggered by environmental factors that lead to uniform flowering in plant populations, ensuring higher reproductive success. So far, several genes have been identified that are involved in flowering time control. AGL20 (AGAMOUS LIKE 20) is a MADS domain gene from Arabidopsis that is activated in shoot apical meristems during the transition to flowering. By transposon tagging we have identified late flowering agl20 mutants, showing that AGL20 is involved in flowering time control. In previously described late flowering mutants of the long-day and constitutive pathways of floral induction the expression of AGL20 is down-regulated, demonstrating that AGL20 acts downstream to the mutated genes. Moreover, we can show that AGL20 is also regulated by the gibberellin (GA) pathway, indicating that AGL20 integrates signals of different pathways of floral induction and might be a central component for the induction of flowering. In addition, the constitutive expression of AGL20 in Arabidopsis is sufficient for photoperiod independent flowering and the over-expression of the orthologous gene from mustard, MADSA, in the classical short-day tobacco Maryland Mammoth bypasses the strict photoperiodic control of flowering.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Borner
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute for Plant Sciences, Universitätstrasse 2, CH-8092 Zürich, Switzerland
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9
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Kampmann G. [Imaging methods in the diagnosis of carotid stenosis: is angiography obsolete?]. Schweiz Med Wochenschr 2000; 130:1231-6. [PMID: 11013928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
The aim of diagnosis is exact grading of carotid stenosis. The existence of different methods of measuring stenosis causes problems. Also, measurement of stenosis using Doppler ultrasound is based on a wholly different principle. Investigative methods for measurement of stenosis are selective angiography, CT angiography, MR angiography and duplex Doppler ultrasound. On the basis of the literature on the advantages and drawbacks, risks and accuracy of the various methods in symptomatic patients, ultrasound is recommended as the primary diagnostic tool. If Doppler ultrasound shows a stenosis of > 70%, MR angiography or CT angiography is recommended. If the results correspond, no further investigation is needed before surgery. If they do not correspond a selective carotid angiogram is required. Sonographic diagnosis of carotid occlusion needs confirmation by MR angiogram or CT angiogram.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Kampmann
- Röntgendiagnostisches Zentralinstitut, Kantonsspital Chur.
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10
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Abstract
During the transition to flowing the FPF1 gene is expressed in the peripheral zone of apical meristems and in floral meristems of Arabidopsis. Constitutive expression of FPF1 causes early flowering in Arabidopsis under both long-day and short-day conditions and leads to a shortened juvenile phase as measured by the trichome distribution on the abaxial leaf surface. In the classical late flowering mutants, overexpression of FPF1 compensates partially for the late flowering phenotype, indicating that FPF1 acts downstream or in a parallel pathway to the mutated genes. The co-overexpression of 35S::AP1 with 35S::FPF1 leads to a synergistic effect on the shortening of the time to flowering under short-day conditions. The co-overexpression of 35S::FPF1 and 35S::LFY, however, shows only an additive reduction of flowering time and the conversion of nearly every shoot meristem, except the inflorescence meristem, to a floral meristem under the same light conditions. In addition, the constitutive expression of FPF1 attenuates the severe lfy-1 phenotype under short days and phenocopies to a great extent the lfy-1 mutant grown under long-day conditions. Thus, we assume that FPF1 modulates the competence to flowering of apical meristems.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Melzer
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Institute for Plant Sciences, Zürich, Switzerland.
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11
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Bouvier J, Gordia S, Kampmann G, Lange R, Hengge-Aronis R, Gutierrez C. Interplay between global regulators of Escherichia coli: effect of RpoS, Lrp and H-NS on transcription of the gene osmC. Mol Microbiol 1998; 28:971-80. [PMID: 9663683 DOI: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.1998.00855.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The transcription of the osmC gene of Escherichia coli is regulated as a function of the phase of growth. It is induced during the decelerating phase, before entry into stationary phase. osmC expression is directed by two overlapping promoters, osmCp1 and osmCp2. osmCp2 is mainly transcribed by E-sigma(s), the RNA polymerase using the sigma(s) (RpoS) sigma factor, and is responsible for the growth phase regulation. Transcription from osmCp1 is independent of sigma(s). The leucine-responsive protein (Lrp) has been shown to bind the osmC promoter region in band shift experiments. In vivo analysis using osmC-lacZ transcriptional fusions demonstrated that Lrp affects the expression of both promoters. It represses the transcription of osmCp1 and activates the transcription of osmCp2 by E-sigma(s). An absence of Lrp results in an increase in the amount of RpoS during exponential growth in minimal medium. The nucleoid-associated protein H-NS also represses osmC transcription from both promoters. However, this happens through different mechanisms. The effect on osmCp2 is probably mediated by the increase in sigma(s) concentration in the cytoplasm of hns- mutants, while the effect on osmCp1 is independent of sigma(s). No binding of H-NS to the promoter region DNA could be detected, indicating that the effect on osmCp1 could also be indirect.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Bouvier
- Laboratoire de Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaire, UPR 9007 du CNRS, Toulouse, France
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12
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May R, Völksch B, Kampmann G. Antagonistic Activities of Epiphytic Bacteria from Soybean Leaves against Pseudomonas syringae pv. glycinea in vitro and in planta. Microb Ecol 1997; 34:118-124. [PMID: 9230099 DOI: 10.1007/s002489900041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- R May
- Institute of Microbiology, Pharmaceutical-Biological Faculty, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07743 Jena, Germany
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13
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Abstract
This study presents the effects of general psychologic characteristics on acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) anxieties and sexual behaviour of adolescents. To this end, data were collected in a complex interview and subsequently subjected to a linear structural model analysis. The questioned adolescents were divided into one representative group (n = 256) and a second group who had participated in a voluntary human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) antibody test (n = 45). AIDS anxieties have to be divided into two independent dimensions: first, a relatively stable feeling of AIDS anxiety (trait anxiety) and second, a manifest personal anxiety toward AIDS experienced in a concrete situation (state anxiety). A principal component analysis of the primary data brought forth four variables described as depression/general anxiety, extent of phobic anxieties, compulsion, and tendency to self-consciousness. The present study reveals that the AIDS trait anxiety is more pronounced among those subjects who are not well informed about AIDS, who tend to phobic anxieties, and who observe themselves in a particularly intensive manner. The AIDS state anxiety however, is stronger among subjects who are well informed about AIDS, have sexual experience, and observe themselves intensively. Among the participants who took part in the HIV test, there were more individuals with a higher manifest AIDS anxiety and stronger tendency to depression. The percentage of adolescents who were indeed exposed to a possible risk of getting infected was relatively low. Generally speaking, those young people who are depressed, anxious, and sexually active agreed more easily to take the test than young people with a pronounced phobia toward the risk of infection and less sexual experience. As a conclusion, we can state that those adolescents with less sexual experience tend to externalize their general sexual anxieties in the form of concrete AIDS anxieties.
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Affiliation(s)
- U Strehlow
- Department of Children and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Heidelberg, Germany
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Henkel G, Kampmann G, Krebs B, Lamprecht GJ, Nasreldin M, Sykes AG. Preparation, structure, and properties of the Mo/Se ions [Mo2O2(µ2-Se)2(H2O)6]2+and [Mo4(µ3-Se)4(H2O)12]5+. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1990. [DOI: 10.1039/c39900001014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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15
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16
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Kessler E, Kampmann G, Wernitsch W. [Results of surgical treatment of pleural empyema (author's transl)]. Thoraxchir Vask Chir 1974; 22:414-20. [PMID: 4548577 DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1102801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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