1
|
Nguyen HT, Stepniewski G, Filipkowski A, Kasztelanic R, Pysz D, Le Van H, Stepien R, Klimczak M, Krolikowski W, Buczynski R. Transmission of an optical vortex beam in antiresonant fibers generated in an all-fiber system. Opt Express 2022; 30:45635-45647. [PMID: 36522966 DOI: 10.1364/oe.468461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
We report an experimental study on transmission of orbital angular momentum mode in antiresonant fibers generated with a dedicated all-fiber optical vortex phase mask. The vortex generator can convert Gaussian beam into vortex beams with topological charge l = 1. Generated vortex beam is directly butt-coupled into the antiresonant fiber and propagates over distance of 150 cm. The stability and sensitivity of the transmitted vortex beam on the external perturbations including bending, axial stress, and twisting is investigated. We demonstrate distortion-free vortex propagation for the axial stress force below 0.677 N, a bend radius greater than 10 cm.
Collapse
|
2
|
Anuszkiewicz A, Bouet M, Michalik D, Stepniewski G, Kasztelanic R, Filipkowski A, Pysz D, Cassez A, Klimczak M, Bouwmans G, Mussot A, Buczynski R. All-solid polarization-maintaining silica fiber with birefringence induced by anisotropic metaglass. Opt Lett 2022; 47:401-404. [PMID: 35030616 DOI: 10.1364/ol.438622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
We report the development of a silica glass single-mode polarization-maintaining fiber with birefringence induced by artificial anisotropic glass in the circular core without any external stress zones or structured cladding. The fiber core is composed of silica and germanium-doped silica nanorods ordered in submicrometer interleaved layers. The fiber has a measured cut-off wavelength at 1113 nm, phase birefringence of 0.3×10-4, and an effective mode diameter of 10.5 µm at the wavelength of 1550 nm. The polarization extinction ratio in the fiber is 20 dB at 1550 nm. The fiber is compatible with the standard SMF-28 fiber and can be easily integrated using standard fusion splicing with losses of 0.1 dB.
Collapse
|
3
|
Gomolka G, Krajewska M, Khegai AM, Alyshev SV, Lobanov AS, Firstov SV, Pysz D, Stepniewski G, Buczynski R, Klimczak M, Nikodem M. Heterodyne photothermal spectroscopy of methane near 1651 nm inside hollow-core fiber using a bismuth-doped fiber amplifier. Appl Opt 2021; 60:C84-C91. [PMID: 34143110 DOI: 10.1364/ao.420044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
We present laser-based methane detection near 1651 nm inside an antiresonant hollow-core fiber (HCF) using photothermal spectroscopy (PTS). A bismuth-doped fiber amplifier capable of delivering up to more than 160 mW at 1651 nm is used to boost the PTS signal amplitude. The design of the system is described, and the impact of various experimental parameters (such as pump source modulation frequency, modulation amplitude, and optical power) on signal amplitude and signal-to-noise ratio is analyzed. Comparison with similar PTS/HCF-based systems is presented. With 1.3 m long HCF and a fiber amplifier for signal enhancement, this technique is capable of detecting methane at single parts-per-million levels, which makes this robust in-fiber sensing approach promising also for industrial applications such as, e.g., natural gas leak detection.
Collapse
|
4
|
Anuszkiewicz A, Kasztelanic R, Filipkowski A, Stepniewski G, Stefaniuk T, Siwicki B, Pysz D, Klimczak M, Buczynski R. Fused silica optical fibers with graded index nanostructured core. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12329. [PMID: 30120310 PMCID: PMC6098162 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability to shape the index profile of optical fibers holds the key to fully flexible engineering of their optical properties and future applications. We present a new approach for the development of a graded index fused silica fiber based on core nanostructurization. A graded index core is obtained by means of distribution of two types of subwavelength glass rods. The proposed method allows to obtain arbitrary graded distribution not limited to the circular or any other symmetry, such as in the standard graded index fibers. We have developed a proof of concept fiber with parabolic refractive index core and showed a perfect match between its predicted, designed and measured properties. The fiber has a core composed of 2107 rods of 190 nm of diameter made of either pure fused silica or Ge-doped fused silica with 8.5% mol concentration. The proposed method breaks the limits of standard fabrication approaches used in fused silica fiber technology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alicja Anuszkiewicz
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland.
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Rafal Kasztelanic
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Filipkowski
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Stepniewski
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Tomasz Stefaniuk
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Bartlomiej Siwicki
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Pysz
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Klimczak
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Buczynski
- Glass Department, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland.
- Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 5, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kasztelanic R, Filipkowski A, Anuszkiewicz A, Stafiej P, Stepniewski G, Pysz D, Krzyzak K, Stepien R, Klimczak M, Buczynski R. Integrating Free-Form Nanostructured GRIN Microlenses with Single-Mode Fibers for Optofluidic Systems. Sci Rep 2018; 8:5072. [PMID: 29568035 PMCID: PMC5864828 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-23464-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We present both a theoretical and an experimental study of a novel compact lensed fiber system utilizing a nanostructured GRIN lens. The lens can be integrated with an optical fiber, which ensures a unique and efficient focusing in any high index medium, such as a liquid. We use the effective medium approach to design lenses with arbitrary refractive index. To fabricate lenses, we utilize a discrete array of nano-sized rods made of two types of glasses, and apply a standard stack-and-draw fiber drawing technology. The fabricated nanostructured GRIN lenses have a parabolic refractive index profile with a diameter of a standard fiber, very short working distances (55 µm in the air) and a high numerical aperture (NA = 0.16). As a proof-of-concept of the new micro-lensed fiber system, we demonstrate an experiment on optical trapping of micrometer-sized glass beads. We also show that our method is compatible with optical fiber technology and allows for any shape of the refractive index distribution in 2D. Thanks to that a new functionality could be achieved by replacing the GRIN lens with an axicon lens, vortex type elements, micro-lenses arrays or diffraction elements.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rafal Kasztelanic
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 7, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Adam Filipkowski
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Alicja Anuszkiewicz
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Paulina Stafiej
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland.,Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 7, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Stepniewski
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Dariusz Pysz
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Konrad Krzyzak
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Stepien
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Mariusz Klimczak
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Ryszard Buczynski
- Department of Glass, Institute of Electronic Materials Technology, Wolczynska 133, 01-919, Warsaw, Poland. .,Faculty of Physics, University of Warsaw, Pasteura 7, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Klimczak M, Stepniewski G, Bookey H, Szolno A, Stepien R, Pysz D, Kar A, Waddie A, Taghizadeh MR, Buczynski R. Broadband infrared supercontinuum generation in hexagonal-lattice tellurite photonic crystal fiber with dispersion optimized for pumping near 1560 nm: reply. Opt Lett 2014; 39:2241. [PMID: 24978962 DOI: 10.1364/ol.39.002241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We respond to the comment submitted by Xian Feng on our recent Letter, Opt. Lett.38, 4679 (2013). The comment addressed the attenuation of our oxide tellurite glass labeled TWPN/I/6. We provide the originally measured absorbance spectrum of the glass and correct values of its mid-infrared attenuation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Klimczak M, Stepniewski G, Bookey H, Szolno A, Stepien R, Pysz D, Kar A, Waddie A, Taghizadeh MR, Buczynski R. Broadband infrared supercontinuum generation in hexagonal-lattice tellurite photonic crystal fiber with dispersion optimized for pumping near 1560 nm. Opt Lett 2013; 38:4679-4682. [PMID: 24322104 DOI: 10.1364/ol.38.004679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
We report on supercontinuum generation (SG) in a hexagonal lattice tellurite photonic crystal fiber (PCF). The fiber has a regular lattice with a lattice constant Λ = 2 μm, linear filling factor d/Λ = 0.75, and a solid core 2.7 μm in diameter. Dispersion, calculated from scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of drawn fiber, has zero dispersion wavelength (ZDW) at 1410 and 4236 nm with a maximum of 193 ps/nm/km at 2800 nm. Under pumping with 150 fs/36 nJ/1580 nm pulses, supercontinuum spectrum in a bandwidth from 800 nm to over 2500 nm was observed in a 2 cm long PCF sample, which is comparable to results reported for suspended core tellurite PCFs pumped at wavelengths over 1800 nm. Measured spectrum is analyzed numerically with good agreement, and observed spectral broadening is interpreted. To our best knowledge, tellurite glass, regular lattice PCFs for successful SG in this bandwidth have not been reported before.
Collapse
|