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Kim M, Jeong M, Hur S, Cho Y, Park J, Jung H, Seo Y, Woo HA, Nam KT, Lee K, Lee H. Engineered ionizable lipid nanoparticles for targeted delivery of RNA therapeutics into different types of cells in the liver. Sci Adv 2021; 7:7/9/eabf4398. [PMID: 33637537 PMCID: PMC7909888 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abf4398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 124] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have been widely used for in vivo delivery of RNA therapeutics into the liver. However, a main challenge remains to develop LNP formulations for selective delivery of RNA into certain types of liver cells, such as hepatocytes and liver sinusoidal endothelial cells (LSECs). Here, we report the engineered LNPs for the targeted delivery of RNA into hepatocytes and LSECs. The effects of particle size and polyethylene glycol-lipid content in the LNPs were evaluated for the hepatocyte-specific delivery of mRNA by ApoE-mediated cellular uptake through low-density lipoprotein receptors. Targeted delivery of RNA to LSECs was further investigated using active ligands. Incorporation of mannose allowed the selective delivery of RNA to LSECs, while minimizing the unwanted cellular uptake by hepatocytes. These results demonstrate that engineered LNPs have great potential for the cell type-specific delivery of RNA into the liver and other tissues.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kim
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - M Jeong
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - S Hur
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - Y Cho
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - J Park
- Fluorescence Core Imaging Center, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - H Jung
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - Y Seo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - H A Woo
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
| | - K T Nam
- Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Brain Korea 21 PLUS Project for Medical Science, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul 03722, South Korea
| | - K Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea
- College of Pharmacy and Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 52828, South Korea
| | - H Lee
- College of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, South Korea.
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Rhee SG, Jeong W, Chang TS, Woo HA. Sulfiredoxin, the cysteine sulfinic acid reductase specific to 2-Cys peroxiredoxin: its discovery, mechanism of action, and biological significance. Kidney Int 2007:S3-8. [PMID: 17653208 DOI: 10.1038/sj.ki.5002380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 122] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Peroxiredoxin (Prx) is a family of bifunctional proteins that exhibit peroxidase and chaperone activities. Prx proteins contain a conserved Cys residue that undergoes a redox change between thiol and disulfide states. 2-Cys Prx enzymes, a subgroup of Prx family, are intrinsically susceptible to reversible hyperoxidation to cysteine sulfinic acid during catalysis. Cysteine hyperoxidation of Prx was shown to result in loss of peroxidase activity and a concomitant gain of chaperone activity. Reduction of sulfinic Prx enzymes, the first known biological example of such a reaction, is catalyzed by sulfiredoxin (Srx) in the presence of ATP. Srx appears to exist solely to support the reversible sulfinic modification of 2-Cys Prx enzymes. Srx specifically binds to 2-Cys Prx enzymes by recognizing several critical surface-exposed residues of the Prxs, and transfer the gamma-phosphate of ATP to their sulfinic moiety, using its conserved cysteine as the phosphate carrier. The resulting sulfinic phosphoryl ester is reduced to cysteine after oxidation of four thiol equivalents.
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Rhee
- Division of Life and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ewha Womans University, Seoul, Korea.
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