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Halstead SK, Gourlay DS, Penderis J, Bianchi E, Dondi M, Wessmann A, Musteata M, Le Chevoir M, Martinez-Anton L, Bhatti SFM, Volk H, Mateo I, Tipold A, Ives E, Pakozdy A, Gutierrez-Quintana R, Brocal J, Whitehead Z, Granger N, Pazzi P, Harcourt-Brown T, José-López R, Rupp S, Schenk HC, Smith P, Gandini G, Menchetti M, Mortera-Balsa V, Rusbridge C, Tauro A, Cozzi F, Deutschland M, Tirrito F, Freeman P, Lowrie M, Jackson MR, Willison HJ, Rupp A. Serum anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a IgG antibodies are biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis. J Small Anim Pract 2022; 63:104-112. [PMID: 34791652 DOI: 10.1111/jsap.13439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES A previous single-country pilot study indicated serum anti-GM2 and anti-GA1 anti-glycolipid antibodies as potential biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis. This study aims to validate these findings in a large geographically heterogenous cohort. MATERIALS AND METHODS Sera from 175 dogs clinically diagnosed with acute canine polyradiculoneuritis, 112 dogs with other peripheral nerve, cranial nerve or neuromuscular disorders and 226 neurologically normal dogs were screened for anti-glycolipid antibodies against 11 common glycolipid targets to determine the immunoglobulin G anti-glycolipid antibodies with the highest combined sensitivity and specificity for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis. RESULTS Anti-GM2 anti-glycolipid antibodies reached the highest combined sensitivity and specificity (sensitivity: 65.1%, 95% confidence interval 57.6 to 72.2%; specificity: 90.2%, 95% confidence interval 83.1 to 95.0%), followed by anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies (sensitivity: 61.7%, 95% confidence interval 54.1 to 68.9%; specificity: 89.3%, 95% confidence interval 82.0 to 94.3%) and these anti-glycolipid antibodies were frequently present concomitantly. Anti-GA1 anti-glycolipid antibodies were detected in both acute canine polyradiculoneuritis and control animals. Both for anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies, sex was found a significantly associated factor with a female to male odds ratio of 2.55 (1.27 to 5.31) and 3.00 (1.22 to 7.89), respectively. Anti-GalNAc-GD1a anti-glycolipid antibodies were more commonly observed in dogs unable to walk (OR 4.56, 1.56 to 14.87). CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Anti-GM2 and anti-GalNAc-GD1a immunoglobulin G anti-glycolipid antibodies represent serum biomarkers for acute canine polyradiculoneuritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- S K Halstead
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - D S Gourlay
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - J Penderis
- Vet Extra Neurology, Broadleys Veterinary Hospital, Stirling, FK7 7LE, UK
| | - E Bianchi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - M Dondi
- Department of Veterinary Science, University of Parma, 43126, Parma, Italy
| | - A Wessmann
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Service, Pride Veterinary Centre, Pride Park, Derby, DE24 8HX, UK
| | - M Musteata
- Neurology Service, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agricultural Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Iași, 700489, Romania
| | - M Le Chevoir
- Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, University of Melbourne, Werribee, Victoria, 3030, Australia
| | - L Martinez-Anton
- Chestergates Veterinary Specialists, Telford Court, Chestergates, CH1 6LT, UK
| | - S F M Bhatti
- Small Animal Department, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, 9820, Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - H Volk
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - I Mateo
- Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Clínico Veterinario - Universidad Alfonso X el Sabio, Madrid, Spain
| | - A Tipold
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, 30559, Hannover, Germany
| | - E Ives
- Anderson Moores Veterinary Specialists, Hursley, Winchester, SO21 2LL, UK
| | - A Pakozdy
- University Hospital for Small Animals, University of Veterinary Medicine, Vienna, Austria
| | | | - J Brocal
- Wear Referrals Veterinary Hospital, Bradbury, Stockton-on-Tees, TS21 2ES, UK
| | - Z Whitehead
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - N Granger
- The Royal Veterinary College, University of London, Hatfield, Hertfordshire, UK.,CVS Referrals, Bristol Veterinary Specialists at Highcroft, Bristol, UK
| | - P Pazzi
- Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, 0110, South Africa
| | - T Harcourt-Brown
- Langford Veterinary Services, School of Veterinary Sciences, University of Bristol, Lower Langford, BS40 5DU, UK
| | - R José-López
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
| | - S Rupp
- Tierklinik Hofheim, 65719, Hofheim, Germany
| | - H C Schenk
- Tierklinik Lüneburg, 21337, Lüneburg, Germany
| | - P Smith
- Hamilton Specialist Referrals, Cressex Business Park, High Wycombe, HP12 3SD, UK
| | - G Gandini
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40064, Ozzano dell'Emilia, Italy
| | - M Menchetti
- Neurology and Neurosurgery Division, San Marco Veterinary Clinic, Veggiano, Italy
| | - V Mortera-Balsa
- North Downs Specialist Referrals, 3&4 The Brewerstreet Dairy Business Park, Bletchingley, Surrey, RH1 4QP, UK
| | - C Rusbridge
- Neurology Section, Fitzpatrick Referrals, Godalming, Surrey, GU2 7AL, UK.,School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health & Medical Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, GU2 7AL, UK
| | - A Tauro
- Chestergates Veterinary Specialists, Telford Court, Chestergates, CH1 6LT, UK
| | - F Cozzi
- Clinica Neurologica Veterinaria, 20148, Milan, Italy
| | | | - F Tirrito
- Clinica Neurologica Veterinaria, 20148, Milan, Italy
| | - P Freeman
- The Queen's Veterinary School Hospital, Cambridge, CB3 0ES, UK
| | - M Lowrie
- Dovecote Veterinary Hospital, Castle Donington, Derby, DE74 2LJ, UK
| | - M R Jackson
- Institute of Cancer Sciences, University of Glasgow, Bearsden, G61 1QH, UK
| | - H J Willison
- Neuroimmunology Laboratory, Institute of Infection, Immunity and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8TA, UK
| | - A Rupp
- School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G61 1QH, UK
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Wolk K, Witte K, Witte E, Raftery M, Kokolakis G, Warszawska K, Schönrich G, Volk H, Sterry W, Sabat R. 439 Mechanisms underlying the different susceptibility to cutaneous viral infections in atopic dermatitis versus psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.459] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Witte E, Wolk K, Christou D, Witte K, Philipp S, Kokolakis G, Volk H, Sterry W, Sabat R. 424 Elements and effects of IL-17 pathway in psoriasis. J Invest Dermatol 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jid.2016.06.444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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Gonçalves R, Volk H, Smith PM, Penderis J, Garosi L, MacKillop E, de Stefani A, Cherubini G, McConnell JF. Corpus callosal abnormalities in dogs. J Vet Intern Med 2014; 28:1275-9. [PMID: 24839863 PMCID: PMC4857934 DOI: 10.1111/jvim.12371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2014] [Revised: 02/25/2014] [Accepted: 04/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Corpus callosal abnormalities (CCA) in dogs have been only sporadically reported and are poorly characterized. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES To describe the clinical presentation and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics of dogs with CCA. ANIMALS Fifteen client-owned dogs. METHODS Retrospective study. Records of the contributing institutions were reviewed to identify dogs diagnosed with malformations affecting the corpus callosum (CC); cases in which the CCA was thought to be secondary were excluded. RESULTS The most represented breeds were Staffordshire Bull Terriers (5/15) and Miniature Schnauzers (3/15; n = 3, 20%) and the mean age at time of presentation of 19 months (range 3-81 months). The clinical signs most commonly reported were adipsia/hypodipsia with associated hypernatremia (12/15), tremors (6/15), and seizures (6/15). Review of the MR images revealed that 10 dogs had absence of the rostral CC and hypoplasia of the caudal portion, 4 dogs had a diffusely hypoplastic and dysplastic CC, and 1 dog had a diffusely hypoplastic CC. In 14 cases, there was abnormal cortical development with fusion of the ventral frontal lobes and part of the diencephalon, indicating lobar holoprosencephaly. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE Previous literature has mainly associated CCA with adipsia and only 12 of 15 dogs in the current series demonstrated this abnormality. There are different degrees of the malformation but in 10 dogs the rostral portion of the CC is most severely affected. Fourteen dogs have simultaneous fusion of the midline structures rostral to the CC; this region has several structures involved in thirst regulation and might explain this derangement.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Gonçalves
- Department of Veterinary Science, Small Animal Teaching Hospital, University of Liverpool, Neston, UK
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De Decker S, De Risio L, Lowrie M, Mauler D, Beltran E, Giedja A, Kenny P, Gielen I, Garosi L, Volk H. Cervical Vertebral Stenosis Associated with a Vertebral Arch Anomaly in the Basset Hound. J Vet Intern Med 2012; 26:1374-82. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1939-1676.2012.00990.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2012] [Revised: 06/17/2012] [Accepted: 07/11/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- S. De Decker
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Royal Veterinary College; University of London; Hawkshed Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield; Hertfordshire; England
| | - L. De Risio
- Centre for Small Animal Studies; Animal Health Trust; Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket; Suffolk; England
| | - M. Lowrie
- Davies Veterinary Specialists; Manor Farm Business Park, Higham Gobion; Higham Gobion; Hertfordshire; England
| | - D. Mauler
- Department of Small Animal Medicine and Clinical Biology; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke; Belgium
| | - E. Beltran
- Centre for Small Animal Studies; Animal Health Trust; Lanwades Park, Kentford, Newmarket; Suffolk; England
| | - A. Giedja
- Department of Veterinary Basic Sciences; Royal Veterinary College; University of London; London; England
| | - P.J. Kenny
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Royal Veterinary College; University of London; Hawkshed Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield; Hertfordshire; England
| | - I. Gielen
- Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals and Orthopedics of Small Animals; Faculty of Veterinary Medicine; Ghent University; Merelbeke; Belgium
| | - L. Garosi
- Davies Veterinary Specialists; Manor Farm Business Park, Higham Gobion; Higham Gobion; Hertfordshire; England
| | - H. Volk
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences; Royal Veterinary College; University of London; Hawkshed Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield; Hertfordshire; England
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Fischer L, Korfel A, Pfeiffer S, Kiewe P, Volk H, Cakiroglu H, Widmann T, Thiel E. CXCL13 and CXCL12 in central nervous system (CNS) lymphoma patients. J Clin Oncol 2009. [DOI: 10.1200/jco.2009.27.15_suppl.2071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
2071 Background: Homing of malignant lymphocytes to the CNS may play a role in the pathogenesis of CNS lymphoma. Recently, the expression of the chemokine receptors CXCR4 and CXCR5 as well as their chemokine ligands CXCL12 and CXCL13 by tumor cells in primary CNS lymphoma (PCNSL) has been demonstrated. In this study, we evaluated CXCL12 and CXCL13 in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and serum of patients with CNS lymphoma. Methods: Samples from 30 patients with CNS lymphoma (23 with PCNSL and seven with secondary CNS lymphoma) and 40 controls (10 patients with other CNS malignancies and 30 without a malignant CNS disease) were examined. CXCL12 and CXCL13 concentrations were measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The grade of blood brain barrier (BBB) disruption was estimated by the CSF/serum albumin ratio. Results: CNS lymphoma patients and controls did not differ in CXCL12 serum and CSF levels. Serum levels of CXCL13 were generally low. CXCL13 CSF levels, however, were high only in CNS lymphoma patients but not in controls (p < 0.0001). Chemokine levels in CSF and serum did not correlate. In CNS lymphoma CXCL13 concentration in CSF correlated with BBB disruption (R = 0.66, p = 0.003). Elevated CSF levels of CXCL12 and CXCL13 measured in seven CNS lymphoma patients decreased in five patients which responded to chemotherapy, and increased in two with lymphoma progression. Conclusions: Our results suggest a production of CXCL13 within the CNS of CNS lymphoma patients which decreases with response to therapy. Thus, CXCL13 may represent a marker for further diagnostic and prognostic studies. No significant financial relationships to disclose.
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Affiliation(s)
- L. Fischer
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - A. Korfel
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - S. Pfeiffer
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - P. Kiewe
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - H. Volk
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - H. Cakiroglu
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - T. Widmann
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
| | - E. Thiel
- Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany; University Hospital Saarland, Homburg, Germany
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Boedecker F, Volk H. Zur Kenntnis ungesättigter Gallensäuren, III. Abhandlung: Über die Beziehungen der Apo-cholsäure, Dioxy-cholensäure (Schmp. 260°) und Cholsäure zur Desoxy-cholsäure. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2006. [DOI: 10.1002/cber.19220550810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Schefold J, Corsepius M, Pohle C, Volk H, Reinke P. Crit Care 2006; 10:P288. [DOI: 10.1186/cc4635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Häusler K, Schmidt W, Föhring F, Meisel C, Jungehülsing J, Volk H, Villringer A. Charakteristika der Immunantwort nach akuter zerebraler Ischämie. Akt Neurol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Harms H, Hartmann A, Haas W, Arnold G, Meisel C, Volk H, Halle E, Prass K, Dirnagl U, Meisel A. Antibakterielle Prävention beim Schlaganfall: Hintergrund, Design und erste Ergebnisse der PANTHERIS-Studie. Akt Neurol 2005. [DOI: 10.1055/s-2005-919470] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Klemm W, Li Klemm, Hohmann E, Volk H, Orlamünder E, Klein HA. Das Verhalten der Elemente der III. Gruppe zueinander und zu den Elementen der IV. Gruppe. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19482560404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Fritz G, Neutzner J, Volk H. Bildung siliciumorganischer Verbindungen. 91. Über die Bildung cyclischer Carbosilane durch Umsetzung mit AlBr3. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19834970204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Fritz G, Volk H, Peters K, Peters EM, v. Schnering HG. Bildung siliciumorganischer Verbindungen. 92 [1]. Bildung und Struktur des Oktamethyl-hexasila-hexascaphans. Z Anorg Allg Chem 2004. [DOI: 10.1002/zaac.19834970211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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Volk H, George S, Boreham C, Kempton R. GEOCHEMICAL AND COMPOUND SPECIFIC CARBON ISOTOPIC CHARACTERISATION OF FLUID INCLUSION OILS FROM THE OFFSHORE PERTH BASIN,WESTERN AUSTRALIA: IMPLICATIONS FOR RECOGNISING EFFECTIVE OIL SOURCE ROCKS. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004. [DOI: 10.1071/aj03008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The molecular composition of fluid inclusion (FI) oils from Leander Reef–1, Houtman–1 and Gage Roads–2 provide evidence of the origin of palaeo-oil accumulations in the offshore Perth Basin. These data are complemented by compound specific isotope (CSI) profiles of n-alkanes for the Leander Reef–1 and Houtman–1 samples, which were acquired on purified n-alkane fractions gained by micro-fractionation of lean FI oil samples, showing the technical feasibility of this technique. The Leander Reef–1 FI oil from the top Carynginia Formation shares many biomarker similarities with oils from the Dongara and Yardarino oilfields, which have been correlated with the Early Triassic Kockatea Shale. The heavier isotopic values for the C15-C25 n-alkanes in the Leander Reef–1 FI oil indicate, however, that it is a mixture, and suggest that the main part of this oil (~90%) was sourced from the more terrestrial and isotopically heavier Early Permian Carynginia Formation or Irwin River Coal Measures. This insight would have been precluded when looking at molecular evidence alone. The Houtman–1 FI oil from the top Cattamarra Coal Measures (Middle Jurassic) was sourced from a clay-rich, low sulphur source rock with a significant input of terrestrial organic matter, deposited under oxic to sub-oxic conditions. Biomarkers suggest sourcing from a more prokaryotic-dominated facies than for the other FI oils, possibly a saline lagoon. The Houtman–1 FI oil δ13C CSI n-alkane data are similar to those acquired on the Walyering–2 oil. Possible lacustrine sources may exist in the Early Jurassic Eneabba Formation and are present in the Late Jurassic Yarragadee Formation. The low maturity Gage Roads–2 FI oil from the Carnac Formation (Early Cretaceous) was derived from a strongly terrestrial, non-marine source rock containing a high proportion of Araucariacean-type conifer organic matter. It has some geochemical differences to the presently reservoired oil in Gage Roads–1, and was probably sourced from the Early Cretaceous Parmelia Formation.
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Filatenkov A, Tullius S, Schmidt H, Selke A, Volk H. Arthritis Res Ther 2003; 5:106. [DOI: 10.1186/ar907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
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Abstract
Geochemical evidence is presented for a previously unrecognised oil generative source rock in the Nancar Trough area. This source rock supplements the middle to late Jurassic source rocks, which have previously been shown to have generated most of the oils in the northern Bonaparte Basin and the Vulcan Sub-basin. Fluids with a strong contribution from this new source rock, defined here as the Nancar oil family, have an unusually high abundance of mid-chain substituted monomethylalkanes. In comparison, oils from the Vulcan Sub-basin contain mostly terminally substituted monomethylalkanes and the overall abundance is much lower. Oils from the Laminaria High and some from the northern Vulcan Sub-Basin show intermediate characteristics and may be co-sourced. Evidence from the analysis of fluid inclusion oils was important in establishing the presence of the new oil family because interference from drilling mud contaminants could be excluded. The detailed geochemistry of Ludmilla–1 fluid inclusion oil suggests the source rock for the Nancar oil family was deposited in a marine environment under sub-oxic conditions with limited sulphur content, a low contribution of terrestrial organic matter and a high contribution of organic matter from bacterial activity. Since monomethylalkanes are typical biomarkers of cyanobacteria, the source rock that gave rise to the new oil family may be rich in cyanobacterial organic matter. Further studies on sediment extracts are needed to establish an explicit oil-source rock correlation and to identify the stratigraphic location/palaeo-environment of the source rock. Such information will be valuable in determining the prospectivity of the large and relatively unexplored province draining the Nancar Trough kitchen.
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Volk H, Asadullah K, Gallagher G, Sabat R, Grutz G. IL-10 and its homologs: important immune mediators and emerging immunotherapeutic targets. Trends Immunol 2001; 22:414-7. [PMID: 11523525 DOI: 10.1016/s1471-4906(01)01985-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Affiliation(s)
- S G Tullius
- Department of Surgery, Campus Virchow-Klinikum, Berlin, Germany. stefan.tullius.charite.de
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Abstract
Vitamin E supplementation exhibits anti-inflammatory properties. In the lung, the beneficial effects of vitamin E supplementation on inflammation and infections are well documented, but potential consequences of alimentary vitamin E deficiency to the immunological status of lung cells are not known. It is unclear if temporary vitamin E deficiency exhibits deleterious consequences or can be compensated for by other cellular antioxidants. To address this question, the alimentary vitamin E supply to rats was modified. We then investigated the effects on major histocompatibility molecule (MHC) class II, cell adhesion molecules, interleukin (IL)10, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)alpha in various lung cells. The constitutive expression of MHC class II, intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1, L-selectin, alpha5-integrin, and CD 166, was demonstrated by flow cytometry on type II pneumocytes, alveolar macrophages, and on co-isolated lymphocytes. Vitamin E depletion increased ICAM-1 and CD166 on type II cells and macrophages, whereas the expression of L-selectin increased only on macrophages. Furthermore, the vitamin E depletion increased the cellular content and secretion of IL10 in type II cells, but decreased the content and secretion of TNFalpha. Vitamin E depletion decreased the cellular vitamin E content, but did not change the activity of antioxidant enzymes (catalase, superoxide dismutase) and the glutathion (GSH)/oxidized glutathion (GSSG) ratio in alveolar type II cells. The shift of protein kinase C (PKC) from the cytosol to membranes indicates that a PKC-dependent signaling pathway may be involved in the change of the immunological status of type II cells. All these effects were reversed by vitamin E repletion. In summary, these results are clearly compatible with the view that a temporary vitamin E deficiency induces a reversible immunological dysregulation in alveolar type II cells and lung macrophages. This deficiency might predispose the lung to develop acute or chronic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Sabat
- Institut für Medizinische Immunologie, Humboldt Universität zu Berlin, Universitätsklinikum Charité, Berlin, Germany
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Reutzel-Selke A, Tullius SG, Zschockelt T, Nieminen-Kelhä M, Bachmann U, Jonas S, Pratschke J, Schmidbauer G, Bechstein WO, Volk H, Neuhaus P. Donor pretreatment of grafts from marginal donors improves long-term graft outcome. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:970-1. [PMID: 11267150 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02290-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- A Reutzel-Selke
- Department of Surgery, Charité-Virchow Clinic, Charité, Germany
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Risch K, Strebel HP, Joshi RK, Lutz J, Brock J, Asadullah K, Volk H, Lehmann M. Methyl hydrogen fumarate inhibits acute and chronic rejection in rat kidney transplantation models. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:545-6. [PMID: 11266950 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02134-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- K Risch
- Institute for Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Med Faculty, University Rostock, Rostock, Germany
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Tullius SG, Nieminen-Kelhä M, Bachmann U, Reutzel-Selke A, Jonas S, Pratschke J, Bechstein WO, Reinke P, Buelow R, Neuhaus P, Volk H. Induction of heme-oxygenase-1 prevents ischemia/reperfusion injury and improves long-term graft outcome in rat renal allografts. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:1286-7. [PMID: 11267294 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02480-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S G Tullius
- Departments of Surgery and Nephrology, Charité-Campus Virchow Clinic, Department of Medical Immunology, Charité-Campus Mitte, Berlin, Germany
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Tullius SG, Nieminen-Kelhä M, Reutzel-Selke A, Bachmann U, Jonas S, Pratschke J, Bechstein WO, Volk H, Buelow R, Neuhaus P, Reinke P. Improvement of long-term function in renal allografts from 'marginal donors' following the induction of heme-oxygenase-1. Transplant Proc 2001; 33:1160-1. [PMID: 11267237 DOI: 10.1016/s0041-1345(00)02442-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- S G Tullius
- Departments of Surgery and of Nephrology, Charité-Virchow Clinic, Department of Medical Immunology, Charité, Berlin, Germany
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Rauchhaus M, Koloczek V, Volk H, Kemp M, Niebauer J, Francis DP, Coats AJ, Anker SD. Inflammatory cytokines and the possible immunological role for lipoproteins in chronic heart failure. Int J Cardiol 2000; 76:125-33. [PMID: 11104867 DOI: 10.1016/s0167-5273(00)00224-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 101] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
AIMS We studied the clinical and immunological importance of fasting cholesterol, HDL, LDL and triglycerides in patients with chronic heart failure in relation to plasma concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha), soluble TNF receptor-1 and -2 (sTNF-R1 and -R2), and a ratio potentially indicating recent endotoxin bioactivity (soluble [s] CD14/total cholesterol). METHODS AND RESULTS Fifty-eight stable, non-oedematous patients with established heart failure and 19 controls were studied prospectively. Concentrations of sTNF-R1 and sCD14 were higher in patients than in controls (1238+/-96 vs. 632+/-72 pg/ml, P=0.005 and 3401+/-120 vs. 2775+/-139 pg/ml, P=0.007, respectively), whereas those of TNFalpha (9.3+/-1.1 vs. 6.7+/-0.6 pg/ml) and sTNF-R2 (2464+/-145 vs. 1920+/-303 pg/ml) were not. Cholesterol (5.6+/-0.1 vs. 5.5+/-0.2 mmol/l) and LDL (3.5+/-0.1 vs. 3.6+/-0.2 mmol/l) were not different (both P>0.75). Patients had lower HDL (1.10+/-0.04 vs. 1.4+/-0.06 mmol/l, P=0.0004) and higher triglycerides (2.1+/-0.1 vs. 1.1+/-0.1 mmol/l, P=0.0006). Aetiology and the presence of cardiac cachexia did not influence the lipid profile. Correlations in patients: cholesterol vs. TNFalpha (r=-0.40, P=0.003), vs. sTNF-R1 (r=-0.24, P=0.08), vs. sTNF-R2 (r=-0.29, P<0.04); sCD14 vs. TNFalpha (r=0.44, P=0.005), vs. sTNF-R1: (r=0.65, P<0.0001), vs. sTNF-R2 (r=0.59, P<0. 0001). The sCD14/cholesterol ratio related powerfully to TNFalpha (r=0.60), sTNF-R1 (r=0.74), and sTNF-R2 (r=0.65, all P<0.0001). This sCD14/cholesterol ratio emerged as the strongest predictor of TNFalpha, sTNF-R1 and -R2 (all P<0.01), independently of renal and hepatic function, and conventional measures of disease severity. A cholesterol level <5.2 mmol/l (n=18) significantly predicted a poor clinical outcome (P<0.04, RR 3.5, 95% CI 1.1-11.0) independently of peak VO(2) (P=0.07), NYHA class (P=0.08), aetiology (P=0.14), and age, body wasting, sodium, LVEF, heart rate, and blood pressure (all P>0.20, follow-up 12 months, event rate 26%). CONCLUSION Our data supports previous findings that lower, rather than higher cholesterol levels are associated with poor clinical outcome in patients with chronic heart failure. This relationship is unrelated to heart failure aetiology, and suggests that the classic risk profile is not longer relevant in established heart failure. The little-recognised ability of all lipoprotein fractions to bind endotoxin and to serve as natural buffer substances may explain this relationship between lower lipoprotein levels, higher cytokine concentrations and impaired prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Rauchhaus
- Department of Clinical Cardiology, Imperial College School of Medicine at the National Heart and Lung Institute, London, UK.
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Platzer C, Döcke W, Volk H, Prösch S. Catecholamines trigger IL-10 release in acute systemic stress reaction by direct stimulation of its promoter/enhancer activity in monocytic cells. J Neuroimmunol 2000; 105:31-8. [PMID: 10713361 DOI: 10.1016/s0165-5728(00)00205-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Acute stress reactions (e.g. linked with trauma, major surgery, psychic stress and myocardial infarction) are accompanied with temporary systemic release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 followed by immunodepression. Since an association between activation of the sympathetic system and IL-10 release has been described, we studied the influence of catecholamines on its promoter activity in vitro. Using reporter gene assays we demonstrated that catecholamines in monocytic cells directly stimulate the IL-10 promoter/enhancer via a cAMP/protein kinase A-dependent pathway. A cAMP responsive element was identified as major target. Thus, catecholamines are directly involved in the regulation of immunoresponsiveness under stressful conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Platzer
- Institute of Anatomy, Anatomy II, Medical School, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, 07740, Jena, Germany.
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Wolk K, Döcke W, von Baehr V, Volk H, Sabat R. Comparison of monocyte functions after LPS- or IL-10-induced reorientation: importance in clinical immunoparalysis. Pathobiology 2000; 67:253-6. [PMID: 10725796 DOI: 10.1159/000028104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Immunoparalysis is an acquired immunodeficiency which may occur in patients after major surgery, burns, polytrauma and sepsis. It is associated with a modified state of monocytes marked by their altered capacity to induce antigen-specific T cell stimulation and to release various cytokines. However, the pathogenesis of immunoparalysis may differ in various patient groups. It can develop in patients after systemic hyperinflammation induced by gastrointestinal translocation of endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide, LPS) or sepsis, as well as in patients without preceding systemic inflammation but primary anti-inflammation, for instance induced by sympathetic activation. To further elucidate the syndrome, we compared endotoxin tolerance as a model of immunoparalysis after systemic hyperinflammation versus interleukin-10 (IL-10) treatment as a model of primarily anti-inflammation-induced immunoparalysis. In vitro priming of peripheral blood mononuclear cells with either LPS or IL-10 for 24 h led to a strongly or moderately diminished LPS-induced tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) production, compared to unprimed controls, respectively. Furthermore, LPS-induced reduction of TNF-alpha production capacity persisted over the following days whereas IL-10-primed monocytes rapidly recovered. Similarly, in contrast to persistently diminished MHC class II expression in LPS-treated monocytes, IL-10 only transiently downregulated these molecules. Consequently, in contrast to IL-10-primed monocytes, LPS-primed monocytes were greatly impaired in their capacity to induce antigen-specific T cell proliferation and IFN-gamma production. These data indicate that LPS priming provokes a more profound modulation of monocyte function than IL-10 priming, raising the question of possible variations in the clinical course of immunoparalysis, dependent on its pathogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Wolk
- Institute of Medical Immunology, Medical School Charité, Humboldt University Berlin, Germany
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29
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Kern F, Faulhaber N, Khatamzas E, Frömmel C, Ewert R, Prösch S, Volk H, Reinke P. Measurement of anti-human cytomegalovirus T cell reactivity in transplant recipients and its potential clinical use: a mini-review. Intervirology 2000; 42:322-4. [PMID: 10702713 DOI: 10.1159/000053967] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
By allowing direct determination of the frequencies of antigen-specific memory T cells in peripheral blood, novel techniques based on flow cytometry provide new diagnostic opportunities in various clinical settings, including organ transplantation. While the importance of the T cell compartment for the anti-human cytomegalovirus (HCMV) immune response is undisputed, efficient monitoring of this response was previously impossible because the conventional methods for measuring CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses are too time-consuming and cost-intensive. We analyzed how the rapid induction of anti-HCMV CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells by HCMV viral lysate or HCMV-derived peptides, respectively, followed by a flow-cytometric detection step, may be used to monitor HCMV-specific CD4+ and CD8+ memory T cells in solid-organ recipients. We also discuss a number of preconditions for integrating such testing into the clinical routine.
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Affiliation(s)
- F Kern
- Institut für Medizinische Immunologie, Charité (Medizinische Fakultät der Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin), Berlin, Deutschland.
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Cookson ST, Ihrig M, O'Mara EM, Denny M, Volk H, Banerjee SN, Hartstein AI, Jarvis WR. Increased bloodstream infection rates in surgical patients associated with variation from recommended use and care following implementation of a needleless device. Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol 1998; 19:23-7. [PMID: 9475345 DOI: 10.1086/647702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To determine if an apparent increase in bloodstream infections (BSIs) in patients with central venous catheters (CVCs) was associated with the implementation of a needleless access device. DESIGN Retrospective cohort study using a derived CVC-days factor for estimating appropriate denominator data. SETTING A 350-bed urban, acute, tertiary-care hospital. METHODS BSI surveillance data were obtained, and high-risk areas for BSIs were determined. A random 5% sample of medical records was used to estimate CVC days, and a cohort study was conducted to compare BSI rates before and during needleless device use. A survey was conducted of nursing needleless-device practices. RESULTS The surgical intensive-care unit (SICU), the medical intensive-care unit, and the solid organ transplant unit (OTU) were identified as high-risk units. Using existing surveillance BSI data and the estimated CVC days, the catheter-related BSI rates in the high-risk surgical patients were significantly higher during the needleless-device period compared with the preneedleless-device period (SICU, 9.4 vs 5.0/1,000 CVC days; OTU, 13.6 vs 2.2/1,000 CVC days). A survey of the nurses revealed that 60% to 70% were maintaining the needleless devices correctly. CONCLUSION We observed a significant increase in the BSI rate in two surgical units, SICU and OTU, associated with introduction of a needleless device. This increase occurred shortly after the needleless device was implemented and was associated with nurses' unfamiliarity with the device, and needless-device use and care practices different from the manufacturer's recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- S T Cookson
- Hospital Infections Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA
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31
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Cummings FJ, Gray R, Tormey DC, Davis TE, Volk H, Harris J, Falkson G, Bennett JM. Adjuvant tamoxifen versus placebo in elderly women with node-positive breast cancer: long-term follow-up and causes of death. J Clin Oncol 1993; 11:29-35. [PMID: 8418238 DOI: 10.1200/jco.1993.11.1.29] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study analyzes the long-term results and causes of death in elderly women with node-positive breast cancer who participated in a double-blind adjuvant trial that compared tamoxifen with placebo to determine the benefit of 2 years of treatment. PATIENTS AND METHODS One hundred eighty-one women 65 to 84 years old were given 20 mg of tamoxifen or placebo daily for 2 years after stratification by estrogen receptor status, tumor size, and degree of lymph node involvement. Approximately 30% of patients were older than 70 years and 20% were older than 75 years. Eighty-five percent were estrogen receptor-positive. Median follow-up was 10 years. RESULTS Among the 168 eligible patients, there have been 98 recurrences (59 placebo v 39 tamoxifen), with reduced distant and bone-only first sites in patients treated with tamoxifen. Median time to failure was 4.4 years for placebo versus 7.4 years for tamoxifen (log-rank P = .001). A similar number of new nonbreast cancers occurred in each arm (seven placebo v six tamoxifen), but a reduced number of opposite-breast cancers (five placebo v one tamoxifen) was noted. Overall, there were 102 deaths (57 placebo v 45 tamoxifen). Median survivals were 8.0 years with placebo and 8.5 years with tamoxifen (log-rank P = .063); 50% of the tamoxifen patients and 33% of the placebo patients are still alive. Sixty-one percent of the deaths were reported to have been caused by breast cancer recurrence, 4% by other cancers, and 22% by the sequelae of non-cancer-related illness, with equal distributions for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. There was no increase in the number of endometrial or other types of cancer, or thrombotic or orthopedic complications in this older group. CONCLUSION Tamoxifen currently is the treatment of choice for elderly women with breast cancer. It extends the time to treatment failure by 3 years and reduces the number of recurrences, deaths, distant and bone-only first recurrences, and second breast cancers.
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32
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Kugler P, Vogel S, Volk H, Schiebler TH. Cytochrome oxidase histochemistry in the rat hippocampus. A quantitative methodological study. Histochemistry 1988; 89:269-75. [PMID: 2841260 DOI: 10.1007/bf00493151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The diaminobenzidine (DAB) method was adapted for the microphotometric determination of cytochrome c oxidase (cyt ox) in the rat hippocampus. The qualitative and quantitative investigations at the light microscopic level showed that acetone and cytochrome c pretreatment of cryostat sections resulted in a significant increase of demonstrable cyt ox activities. The final incubation medium consisted of 7.5 mM DAB, 2% polyvinylalcohol (PVA) and 6% dimethyl sulfoxide in 0.1 M Hepes buffer; final pH 7.5. PVA was used to keep DAB and artificially oxidized DAB in solution. In the kinetic and endpoint measurements a linear response of the reaction with highest slope was observed only in the initial 5-6 min of reaction. Thereafter the slope decreased. Ultracytochemical demonstrations, which were performed as a topochemical control, showed reaction product only in mitochondria (cristae and intermembranous space). In contrast to vibratome sections all mitochondria reacted positively in cryostat sections of aldehyde-fixed hippocampi. The enhancement of reaction after acetone pretreatment of cryostat sections (light microscopic level) and after a freezing step in ultracytochemistry is discussed in connection with diffusion problems of DAB through mitochondrial membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Kugler
- Department of Anatomy, University of Würzburg, Federal Republic of Germany
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33
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Papaioannou A, Papageorgiou G, Volk H. Hemipelvectomy for neoplasms not originating in the pelvis. Oncology 1985; 42:13-7. [PMID: 3969254 DOI: 10.1159/000225993] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
10 patients underwent hemipelvectomy, mainly for sarcomas originating high in the thigh, or melanomas and epidermoid carcinomas metastatic to the groin. 1 patient died postoperatively, 3 lived 5-12 years and 1 died of unrelated cause 2 years after the operation, all free of recurrence. Tumors treated successfully were large and with indolent locoregional growth, often despite repeated unsuccessful local treatment attempts. These tumor characteristics should be considered as favorable features, in selecting such patients for hemipelvectomy. Conversely 3 patients with melanoma had short history before and died soon after the operation, contraindicating hemipelvectomy in locally advanced melanoma.
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34
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Wolmark N, Wieand HS, Rockette HE, Fisher B, Glass A, Lawrence W, Lerner H, Cruz AB, Volk H, Shibata H. The prognostic significance of tumor location and bowel obstruction in Dukes B and C colorectal cancer. Findings from the NSABP clinical trials. Ann Surg 1983; 198:743-52. [PMID: 6357118 PMCID: PMC1353224 DOI: 10.1097/00000658-198312000-00013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 125] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The present study examines the prognostic significance of tumor location and bowel obstruction in Dukes B and C colorectal cancer. Data were obtained from 1021 patients entered into two randomized prospective clinical trials of the NSABP. Tumor location proved to be a strong prognostic discriminant. Lesions located in the left colon demonstrated the most favorable prognosis. Tumors of the rectosigmoid and rectum had the worst prognosis with the relative risk of treatment failure for the latter being over three fold that of the left colon. When the relative risks associated with tumor location were adjusted for nodal imbalances, the left colon continued to demonstrate the most favorable prognosis. The presence of bowel obstruction also strongly influenced the prognostic outcome. Examination of the data without considering tumor location disclosed that patients with bowel obstruction were at greater risk for treatment failure than those without obstruction. The effect of bowel obstruction was influenced by the location of the tumor. The occurrence of bowel obstruction in the right colon was associated with a significantly diminished disease-free survival, whereas obstruction in the left colon demonstrated no such effect. This phenomenon was independent of nodal status and tumor encirclement, the latter two factors proving to be of prognostic significance independent of tumor obstruction. A multivariate analysis in which the covariate effects of sex, age, nodal status, tumor obstruction, encirclement, and tumor location were adjusted underscored the role of tumor location and obstruction as prognostic discriminants. The results indicate that the definition of prognostic factors can identify patient subsets with unique characteristics.
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35
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Fisher B, Redmond C, Brown A, Wolmark N, Wittliff J, Fisher ER, Plotkin D, Bowman D, Sachs S, Wolter J, Frelick R, Desser R, LiCalzi N, Geggie P, Campbell T, Elias EG, Prager D, Koontz P, Volk H, Dimitrov N, Gardner B, Lerner H, Shibata H. Treatment of primary breast cancer with chemotherapy and tamoxifen. N Engl J Med 1981; 305:1-6. [PMID: 7015139 DOI: 10.1056/nejm198107023050101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 184] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
We studied the possibility that the addition of tamoxifen to L-phenylalanine mustard combined with 5-fluorouracil enhances the benefit from the latter two drugs that has been observed in women with primary breast cancer and positive axillary nodes. Recurrence of disease was reduced at two years in patients given the three-drug regimen whose tumor estrogen-receptor levels were greater than or equal to 10 fmol. Among patients greater than or equal to 50 years old treatment failure was significantly reduced (P less than 0.001): by 51 per cent in those with one to three positive nodes and by 64 per cent in those with four or more. Higher receptor levels were associated with a greater probability of disease-free survival. Patients less than or equal to 49 years old were less responsive: those with one to three positive nodes received no benefit from tamoxifen at any receptor level, whereas those with four or more appeared to have reduced treatment failure associated with higher receptor levels. This adjuvant chemotherapy is not indicated in patients less than or equal to 49 years old whose tumor receptor levels are below 10 fmol; there is a suggestion of benefit in patients greater than or equal to 50 years old whose levels are low.
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36
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Volk H. [Making better decisions]. Quintessenz Zahntech 1981; 7:717-20. [PMID: 6952519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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37
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Volk H. [Creativity and occupational qualifications]. Dent Labor (Munch) 1981; 29:759-64. [PMID: 6943054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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38
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Volk H. [6 considerations of the theme: professional success]. Quintessenz Zahntech 1980; 6:95-8. [PMID: 6952492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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39
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Fisher B, Montague E, Redmond C, Barton B, Borland D, Fisher ER, Deutsch M, Schwarz G, Margolese R, Donegan W, Volk H, Konvolinka C, Gardner B, Cohn I, Lesnick G, Cruz AB, Lawrence W, Nealon T, Butcher H, Lawton R. Comparison of radical mastectomy with alternative treatments for primary breast cancer. A first report of results from a prospective randomized clinical trial. Cancer 1977; 39:2827-39. [PMID: 326381 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(197706)39:6<2827::aid-cncr2820390671>3.0.co;2-i] [Citation(s) in RCA: 276] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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40
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Fisher B, Glass A, Redmond C, Fisher ER, Barton B, Such E, Carbone P, Economou S, Foster R, Frelick R, Lerner H, Levitt M, Margolese R, MacFarlane J, Plotkin D, Shibata H, Volk H. L-phenylalanine mustard (L-PAM) in the management of primary breast cancer. An update of earlier findings and a comparison with those utilizing L-PAM plus 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Cancer 1977; 39:2883-903. [PMID: 194679 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(197706)39:6<2883::aid-cncr2820390676>3.0.co;2-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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41
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Papaioannou AN, Critselis AN, Volk H. Long term survival after compound hemipelvectomy. Surg Gynecol Obstet 1977; 144:175-8. [PMID: 835054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Three patients survived free of disease ten and one-half, ten and almost six years, respectively, following compound hemipelvectomy for a variety of tumors. Each patient had been operated upon previously at least three times, but the tumors were still well localized despite the propensity for local infiltration or growth. In addition to the lower extremity and the ipsilateral pelvic bones, varieties of organs were resected. In one patient with chondrosarcoma of the pelvis, there was a local recurrent mass and, in another with adenocarcinoma of the appendix, a solitary pulmonary metastasis. Both of these lesions were successfully resected, and the patients remained free of disease nine and four and one-half years, respectively, after resection of the recurrent lesions. The third patients had carcinoma of the penis with metastases in both groins; carcinoma of the breast devedeveloped nine and one-half years after hemipelvectomy. The two younger patients were fitted with prostheses, and all three adjusted fairly well physically and psychologically to their disability. Frequently, the huge size of these tumors, the infiltration of many contiguous structures and, possibly, other features known to be associated with a bad prognosis make them appear to be incurable. We suggest that slowly growing tumor which remain localized for a long time can be controlled if adequately excised, possibly because they may be associated with strong systemic immunity. The extremely few such patients who may be encountered in surgical practice ought, therefore, to be recognized as potentially curable and treated accordingly, despite the often formidable risk or technical problems at operation and the resultant postoperative disabilities.
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42
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Volk H. [Europe--continent of the aged?]. Schwest Rev 1976; 14:14. [PMID: 1050838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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43
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Goldenberg IS, Sedransk N, Volk H, Segaloff A, Kelley RM, Haines CR. Combined androgen and antimetabolite therapy of advanced female breast cancer. A report of the cooperative breast cancer group. Cancer 1975; 36:308-10. [PMID: 1098764 DOI: 10.1002/1097-0142(197508)36:2<308::aid-cncr2820360203>3.0.co;2-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A clinical trial of androgen and antimetabolite therapy of advanced female breast cancer was conducted in 110 patients by the Cooperative Breast Cancer Group. An objective regression rate of 20% was achieved in women receiving oral testolactone, 6% in patients given intravenous fluorouracil alone, and 14% when the androgen and antimetabolite were administered together. This randomized trial according to the CBCG protocol did not produce the high regression rate noted previously in a nonrandomized, nonprotocol evaluation of these drugs.
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Eckhardt G, Fehlhaber HW, Volk H, Welzel P. Nachbargruppeneffekte bei der Elektronenstoß-Induzierten Fragmentierung von Acetylierten 2.2′-Diamino-Diphenylmethanen. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 1974. [DOI: 10.1002/oms.1210090109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Markman HD, Volk H, Foley JF. Colon and rectal lesions: a tutorendoscopic view. CA Cancer J Clin 1973; 23:354-61. [PMID: 4203041 DOI: 10.3322/canjclin.23.6.354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
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47
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48
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