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Ekanayaka TK, Richmond D, McCormick M, Nandyala SR, Helfrich HC, Sinitskii A, Pikal JM, Ilie CC, Dowben PA, Yost AJ. Surface Versus Bulk State Transitions in Inkjet-Printed All-Inorganic Perovskite Quantum Dot Films. Nanomaterials (Basel) 2022; 12:3956. [PMID: 36432242 PMCID: PMC9697151 DOI: 10.3390/nano12223956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The anion exchange of the halides, Br and I, is demonstrated through the direct mixing of two pure perovskite quantum dot solutions, CsPbBr3 and CsPbI3, and is shown to be both facile and result in a completely alloyed single phase mixed halide perovskite. Anion exchange is also observed in an interlayer printing method utilizing the pure, unalloyed perovskite solutions and a commercial inkjet printer. The halide exchange was confirmed by optical absorption spectroscopy, photoluminescent spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and X-ray photoemission spectroscopy characterization and indicates that alloying is thermodynamically favorable, while the formation of a clustered alloy is not favored. Additionally, a surface-to-bulk photoemission core level transition is observed for the Cs 4d photoemission feature, which indicates that the electronic structure of the surface is different from the bulk. Time resolved photoluminescence spectroscopy indicates the presence of multiple excitonic decay features, which is argued to originate from states residing at surface and bulk environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thilini K. Ekanayaka
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Dylan Richmond
- Department of Physics, State University of New York-Oswego, Oswego, NY 13126, USA
| | - Mason McCormick
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Shashank R. Nandyala
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Halle C. Helfrich
- Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Department of Physics, Pittsburg State University, Pittsburg, KS 66762, USA
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588-0304, USA
| | - Jon M. Pikal
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY 82071, USA
| | - Carolina C. Ilie
- Department of Physics, State University of New York-Oswego, Oswego, NY 13126, USA
| | - Peter A. Dowben
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
| | - Andrew J. Yost
- Department of Physics, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
- Oklahoma Photovoltaic Research Institute, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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