Evaluation of a dementia prevention program to improve health and social care and promote human rights among older adults

Purpose

This study aims to evaluate a human rights-informed dementia prevention program promoting better health and social care among older adults. In this study, the authors examined whether a dual-task training would improve cognition in healthy older adults.

Design/methodology/approach

Individuals attending the systematic health education program for older adults based in Japan were recruited for study inclusion, and divided into a dual-task training group (TG) and a control group (CG). The TG underwent 90 min of a weekly dual-task training for 12 weeks. Severity of dementia was measured using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) test. Brain function was assessed using a go/no-go task paradigm, during which cerebral blood flow was additionally measured using functional near-infrared spectroscopy to quantify oxyhemoglobin (oxy-Hb).

Findings

MMSE total score, number of errors in the go/no-go tasks and oxy-Hb values showed significant improvements in the TG.

Research limitations/implications

Owing to the small number of participants allocated to the CG, the results must be interpreted with caution. Replication and further validation based on large-scale, randomized-controlled trials is warranted.

Practical implications

This study highlights potential benefits of incorporating an early prevention training for dementia into a human rights-friendly health education program.

Social implications

This study suggests a potential means to reduce costs of social security and health care by introducing a human rights-informed dementia prevention program.

Originality/value

The results suggest that dual-task training may improve cognitive function in healthy older adults, thereby contributing to better health and improvement of social health care, based on a human rights-informed health education program for the prevention of dementia.

Implementation of a health education program in Asia, comparing Thailand, Indonesia, and Japan

BACKGROUND: The global community is faced with aging societies, which will result in increased health care costs. we have been introducing our International Organization for Standardization (ISO)-certified health education system in Thailand and Indonesia. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to collect data on the effects of this ISO-certified health education system, to extend the healthy life expectancy and to study the feasibility of implementing this program and in new social contexts. METHODS: We implemented the health education program recruiting 43, 114 and 119 participants, respectively, in Japan, Thailand and Indonesia. The participants’ conditions before and after the program were determined through anthropometry, physical fitness tests, blood chemistry tests, brain function tests and pedometry. RESULTS: Regarding pedometry, the Japanese participants took the highest number of daily steps on average, followed by the Indonesian and Thai participants. In the 10-m obstacle walk, the Thai and Indonesian participants had significantly increased times. Furthermore, the differentiation reaction time, reverse differentiation reaction time, total number of “misses”, total number of “mistakes” and total number of errors significantly improved.