Compact full-color holographic 3-D display based on undersampled computer-generated holograms and oblique projection imaging

A compact full-color electro-holographic three-dimensional (3-D) display with undersampled computer-generated holograms (US-CGHs) and oblique projection imaging (OPI) is proposed. For its realization, undersampling conditions of the CGH enabling the complete recovery of image information are derived, and the OPI-based longitudinal-to-lateral depth conversion (LTL-DC) scheme allowing the simple reconstruction of full-color images is also proposed. Three-color off-axis US-CGHs are generated with their center-shifted principle fringe patterns (CS-PFPs) of the novel look-up table (NLUT) method, where center-shifts are calculated with the derived undersampling conditions of the CGH based on the generalized sampling theorem, and then multiplexed into the color-multiplexed hologram (CMH). The CMH is loaded on a SLM (spatial light modulator) and reconstructed by being illuminated with a multi-wavelength light source, where an original full-color image is reconstructed being spatially separated from the other color-dispersed images on the projected image plane with the OPI-based LTL-DC process, which enables us to view the original full-color image just with a simple filter mask. Performance analysis and successful experiments with the test 3-D objects in motion confirm the feasibility of the proposed system.

Faster generation of holographic videos of objects moving in space using a spherical hologram-based 3-D rotational motion compensation scheme

A spherical hologram-based three-dimensional rotational-motion compensation (SH-3DRMC) method is proposed for the accelerated generation of holographic videos of a three-dimensional (3-D) object moving in space along the arbitrary trajectory with many locally-different curvatures. All those 3-D rotational motions of the object made on each arc can be compensated just by rotating their local spherical holograms along the spherical surfaces matched with the object's moving trajectory using the estimated rotation-axes and angles, which enables a massive reduction of computational complexity of the conventional hologram-generation algorithm and results in an accelerated calculation of holographic videos. Experiments with a test video show that the average calculation times of the conventional NLUT, WRP and 1-D NLUT methods employing the proposed SH-3DRMC scheme have been noticeably reduced by 34.75%, 41.37% and 31.64%, respectively, in comparison with those of their original methods. These good experimental results confirm the feasibility of the proposed system.

Single SLM full-color holographic three-dimensional video display based on image and frequency-shift multiplexing

A single spatial-light-modulator (SLM) full-color holographic 3-D video display based on image and frequency-shift multiplexing (IFSM) is proposed. In the frequency-shift multiplexing (FSM), three-color holograms are multiplied with their respective phase factors for shifted-separations of their corresponding frequency-spectrums on the Fourier plane. This FSM process, however, causes three-color images to be reconstructed at the center-shifted locations depending on their multiplied phase factors. Center-shifts of those color images due to the FSM can be balanced out just by generation of three-color holograms whose centers are pre-shifted to the opposite directions to those of the image shifts with the novel-look-up-table (NLUT) based on its shift-invariance property, which is called image-shift multiplexing (ISM). These image and frequency-shifted holograms are then multiplexed into a single color-multiplexed hologram and loaded on the SLM, and from which a full-color 3-D image can be reconstructed on the optical 4-f lens system without any color dispersion just by employing a simple pinhole filter mask. Fourier-optical analysis and experiments with 3-D objects in motion confirm the feasibility of the proposed system.

Full-scale one-dimensional NLUT method for accelerated generation of holographic videos with the least memory capacity

A full-scale one-dimensional novel-look-up-table (1-D NLUT) method enabling faster generation of holographic videos with the minimum memory capacity is proposed. Only a pair of half-sized 1-D baseline and depth-compensating principal-fringe-patterns (PFPs) is pre-calculated and stored based on the concentric-symmetry property of the PFP, and from which a set of half-sized 1-D PFPs for all depth planes are generated based on its thin-lens property, which enables minimization of the required memory size down to a few KB regardless of the number of depth planes. Moreover, all those hologram calculations are fully one-dimensionally performed with a set of half-sized 1-D PFPs based on its shift invariance property, which also allows minimization of its overall hologram calculation time. From experiments with test videos, the proposed method has been found to have the shortest hologram calculation time even with the least memory in comparison with several modified versions of the conventional NLUT and LUT methods, which confirms its feasibility.

Accelerated generation of holographic videos of 3-D objects in rotational motion using a curved hologram-based rotational-motion compensation method

A new curved hologram-based rotational-motion compensation (CH-RMC) method is proposed for accelerated generation of holographic videos of 3-D objects moving on the random path with many locally different arcs. All of those rotational motions of the object made on each arc can be compensated, just by rotating their local curved holograms along the curving surfaces matched with the object's moving trajectory without any additional calculation process, which results in great enhancements of the computational speed of the conventional hologram-generation algorithms. Experiments with a test video scenario reveal that average numbers of calculated object points (ANCOPs) and average calculation times for one frame (ACTs) of the CH-RMC-based ray-tracing, wavefront-recording-plane and novel- look-up-table methods have been found to be reduced by 73.10%, 73.84%, 73.34%, and 68.75%, 50.82%, 66.59%, respectively, in comparison with those of their original methods. In addition, successful reconstructions of 3-D scenes from those holographic videos confirm the feasibility of the proposed system.

[How to manage your dental clinic successfully]

For adapting the continuing reform of our medical care structure, further developing the standardize of the private dental clinics in China, in this article the key elements of the dental clinic management were presented, to emphasize the importance of medical service concept re new and team work build-up, also the clinic model of the modern dentistry was discussed.

[Clinical observation of semiconductor laster for treatment of hypersensitivity of the dentine]

OBJECTIVE: Observation of clinical results and SEM features in treatment of hypersensitive dentine by semiconductor laser.METHODS:Semiconductor laser was compared with conventional NaF method for the treatment of 100 teeth with typical hypersensitive dentine which were divided into two groups.RESULTS:The efficiency of the laser group was 96%,while that of NaF group was 76%.The laser irradiation could decrease hypersensitive dentive. There was marked difference between two groups.It was testified by SEM that the dentinal tubule was sealed by semiconductor laser irradiation.CONCLUSION:The safe,effective and easy methods was provided for treating the hypersentitive dentive by use of semiconductor laser.

[Flow cytometry dynamic study binding to bromodeoxyuridine in golden hamster cheek pouch premalignancy]

OBJECTIVE:In order to study cellular dynamicfeatures in carcinoma and premalignancy originated inepithelial tissue. METHODS: The golden hamster pouch premalignant model with dimethylbenzanthracence(DMBA) smeared was established by Salley and detected with flow cytometry(FCM) binding to bromodeoxyuridine(BRDU),30 Syrian golden hamsters were grouped and done contrast study. RESULTS: The cellular lesions were aggravated gradually along with extention of smeared DMBA microstopically,FCM detective results demonstrated that the detective rate of Sporiod cell between contrast and smeared group had significant difference. Even though mild dysplsia presented microscopically FCM detective result and significant difference. CONCLUSION: The study suggests that golden hamster cheek pouch premalignancy has cellular dynamicfeatures of dysplasia.

[Developmental carcinogenesis in the cheek pouch of the hamster induced by DMBA using on light microscope]

OBJECTIVE:In this study that the DMBA was applicated to induce the premalignantal changes of the cheek pouches of 89 hamsters in various stage,the result was shown that the slight epithelial displasia was occured 3 weeks later,the medium displasia was occured 5 weeks later,and the severe displasia or the carcinoma in situ was occured 6-9 weeks later.It is suggested that the suitable experimental period of the hamster's carcinogenesis is during 1-3 weeks.

[A study on change of proliferating cell nuclear (PCNA) during DMBA induce golden hamster cheek pouch carcinoma]

109 cases were studied by immunohistochemisty with anti-PCNA antibody specimens which dyed by PCNA immunohistochemistry were counted with net and morphology observed.The results indicated that:a few of PCNA-positive cells had been seen in the basal cells of normal epithelium. An increased percentage of PCNA-positive cells was found in dysplasia and carcinoma.The increase between every grade is of statistical significance(P<0.05).In slight dysplasia grade group,the percentage od PCNA-positive cells increasing between applying DMBA-six-weeks' group is of statistical significance(P<0.05),and hadn't found statistical difference among the other groups.It is demonstrated that PCMA is one of criteria which were observed cell reproduction reactivities during precarcinoma,and it is more sensitive than light microscopy.

[Analysis of the clinic with pathology and detection using IGSS of 201 cases of discoid lupus erythematosus]

Clinic pathology and detection using IGSS of 201 cases of discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) were studied in this paper.The results showed:1.DLE usually occured on the low lip(60%);2.Suffering from gastrointestinal disease were the first symptom(25%DLE cases was confirmed by mild dysplasia,3 cases of carcinoma.1 cases Combined of DLE and lichen planus(LP);4.Immunogold-silver Staining (IGSS) was applied to detect immune complex.The result indicated that Fg,immunoglobins and complement C3 deposited at basal membrane zone of DLE.It is illustrated that DLE is an autoimmune disease which is caused by many kinds of factors and may be cancerous.Coexistence of DLE and LP suggested that they may be at different stages of the same disease.Its mechanism will be further studied.

[Teatment of oral lichen planus with chloroquine and triamcinolone-A]

In this study,single blind grouping method was applied to compare the effect of chloroquine and triamcinolone-A which were used to treat 360 cases of oral lichen planus.The results showed the effect of local injecting triamcinolone-A was better than that of taking chloroquine,and also was better than that of taking triamcinolone-A accompained of chloroquine.Therefore,they were two effective ways to cure OLP and worthy of wide use.

[The clinical analysis of 39 cases of oral mucosal hyperplasia]

This study was reviewing in analysed the clinical,histopathological and treatment features of 39 cases suffered in oral mucosal hyperplasia.It definited the sorts of disease which may be malignant changed and the histopathological grading criteria of hyperplasis.The different treatment methods were administered according to the different grade of the malignant change.The results of the post-treatment observation showed that the drug method only be fit for the cases suffered slight hyperplasia without nuclei differentiation.

[The application of Immuno-gold and silver stainning to detecting OLP and DLE]

Immuno-gold and silver staining (IGSS) is an advanced labelling method followed by Immuno-fluorescence(IF),Immunoenzyme and Radio-immunity.In this study,the IGSS method for detection of deposits of Immunogloblins (IgG,IgA,IgM) at the BMZ had been performed on biopsy specimens from oral lesion of patients with OLP and DLE.The results indicated that the sensitivity and specificity of IGSS were super than that of DIF.It suggested the IGSS be an available method to detect oral mucosal diseases widely.